JP2011254073A - Roll screen system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roll screen system capable of effectively using outputs of respective solar batteries.SOLUTION: The roll screen system is a system configured by connecting, in parallel, respective solar battery modules 10 of a plurality of roll screens 100 with the solar battery modules 10 each functioning as a screen.

Description

  The present invention relates to a roll screen system including a plurality of roll screens.

A solar cell is a clean energy source that does not generate greenhouse gases such as CO ₂ that can generate electricity as long as there is sunlight. And since the roll screen is a device arranged near the window to prevent sunlight from entering the indoors through windows, etc., in order to effectively use the sunlight shielded by the roll screen, It has been proposed to attach a solar cell (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP 2008-42142 A Registered Utility Model No. 3143588

  Now, a plurality of roll screens are usually used side by side. Therefore, a plurality of roll screens provided with solar cells will be used side by side, but effective use of the output of each solar cell is still developed when using a plurality of roll screens provided with solar cells. The current situation is not.

  In particular, depending on the roll screen winding history, the deterioration state of the solar cells on each roll screen is different, and there is a possibility that the entire system is damaged due to deterioration of some of the solar cells. In addition, when the loin screen is installed indoors, there is a place where sunlight does not hit a part of the solar cell due to the shadow of the window frame, and thus the output of each solar cell is different in a plurality of solar cells. Therefore, it is necessary to manage a plurality of solar cells as a system.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a roll screen system including a plurality of roll screens equipped with solar cells, and can effectively use the output of each solar cell even in the above case. It is in.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a roll screen system according to the present invention includes a plurality of roll screens each having a screen on which solar cells are disposed, and a first electrically connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell of each roll screen. 1 electrode and the 2nd electrode electrically connected with the negative electrode of the solar cell of each roll screen are provided.

  That is, when solar cells of a plurality of roll screens are connected in series, the output of the entire system is significantly reduced when a roll screen is damaged or deteriorated, or just rolled up. On the other hand, in the roll screen system of the present invention in which the above configuration is adopted, even if the screens of several roll screens are rolled up, the output reduction of the entire system can be suppressed. Therefore, it can be said that the roll screen system of the present invention is a system that can effectively use the output of the solar cell of each roll screen.

  When realizing the roll screen system of the present invention, it is a fixing member disposed at a place where a plurality of roll screens are installed, and the lower end side of the screen of a specific roll screen in the plurality of roll screens is It is preferable that a fixing member for fixing the screen so as to be inclined by 10 ° or more with respect to the direction of gravity is a component of the system. This is because if the incident angle of light with respect to the screen (solar cell) is small, the reflectivity increases and the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases. However, if the screen is tilted, the incident angle of light becomes larger. This is because the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved. Moreover, although the degree of PV breakage due to shadows may deteriorate due to improvement in individual module efficiency, the damage can be reduced while increasing the output as a system of a plurality of solar cells.

  In the roll screen system of the present invention, each roll screen has a first terminal and a second terminal electrically connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of a solar cell, respectively, through a winding pipe for winding the screen. The first electrode is electrically connected to each roll screen and the first terminal, and the second electrode is realized as a system electrically connected to each roll screen and the second terminal. Alternatively, it can be realized as a system in which the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell of each screen are provided on the lower end side of each screen.

  Moreover, the solar cell arranged on each screen of the plurality of roll screens in the roll screen system of the present invention is arranged in the winding direction of the screen, and the solar cell units are connected in parallel. It can also be realized as a system that is a solar cell.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the roll screen system which can utilize the output of each solar cell effectively can be provided.

1 is a configuration diagram of a roll screen system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Diagram of roll screen used in roll screen system Cross-sectional view of a solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Cross section of another solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Cross section of another solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Cross section of another solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Cross section of another solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Explanatory diagram of the configuration that can be adopted for the roll screen Explanatory diagram of the configuration that can be adopted for the roll screen The figure for demonstrating the effect of a roll screen system The figure for demonstrating the effect of a roll screen system Explanatory drawing of preferred installation method of roll screen Explanatory drawing of the effect of the installation method shown in FIG. 9A Plan view of a solar cell module that can be used as a component of a roll screen Top view of other solar cell modules that can be used as components of a roll screen Top view of other solar cell modules that can be used as components of a roll screen

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As schematically shown in FIG. 1, the roll screen system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a system including a plurality of roll screens 100, a charge / discharge controller 110, a storage battery 120, and two output terminals 130.

  The two output terminals 130 provided in this roll screen system are terminals to which devices (such as lighting fixtures) that operate with a DC voltage (current) are connected. Each output terminal 130 is connected to each output terminal of the storage battery 120 (and the charge / discharge controller 110).

  The charge / discharge controller 110 is a circuit that charges the storage battery 120 with power from the roll screen 100 group (power from a solar cell module group 10 described later).

  The roll screen 100 is a device that includes a solar cell module 10 as a screen, a winding pipe 30, and the like.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the roll screen 100 is a kind of pull cord type (spring type) roll screen composed of the solar cell module 10, the winding pipe 30, the holding unit 40, and the like. It has become.

  The solar cell module 10 includes a plurality of rectangular solar cell units 11 on one surface side of a flexible rectangular substrate 20, and the solar cell modules 11 are wound in the longitudinal direction of each solar cell unit 11. The modules are arranged side by side so as to be orthogonal to the winding direction of the pipe 30. Further, the solar cell module 10 is a module including an output terminal 10p connected to the positive terminal of each solar cell unit 11 and an output terminal 10m connected to the negative terminal of each solar cell unit 11 (that is, each solar cell unit 11). A module in which the battery units 11 are connected in parallel). In the present specification, the solar cell unit 11 refers to one solar cell element having a set of output terminals (positive electrode terminal and negative electrode terminal) or a plurality of solar cell elements connected in series (or series-parallel connection). An element (unit) having a set of output terminals.

  As this solar cell module 10, various modules having different specific configurations can be used as long as they have the above configuration.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, as the solar cell module 10, a weather-resistant protective film 12, a sealing material 13 a, a plurality of solar cell units 11, a sealing material 13 b, a back sheet 14, a sealing material 15, a rectangular base As shown in FIG. 3B, a material made of the material 20 or a material obtained by removing the sealing material 15 from the material shown in FIG. 3A can be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, a weatherproof protective film 12, a sealing material 13a, a plurality of solar cell units 11, a sealing material 13b, a back sheet 14, a sealing material 15, and a rectangular base material 20 As shown in FIG. 4B, a member obtained by removing the sealing material 15 from the member shown in FIG. 4A can also be used. Furthermore, as shown to FIG. 4C, what provided the back sheet | seat 14 in the back surface side of the rectangular-shaped base material 20 can be used. In addition, the detail of each component of each solar cell module 10 is collectively demonstrated later with the manufacturing procedure of the solar cell module 10. FIG.

The holding unit 40 (FIG. 2) is a unit configured to hold the winding pipe 30 in a rotatable form, which is configured by combining a plurality of members. When the roll screen 100 is attached to the window, the holding portion 40 is fixed directly inside or outside the window frame or via another member.

  The winding pipe 30 is a pipe-shaped member for winding the solar cell module 10. The outer diameter of the winding pipe 30 is (1) the length of the solar cell module 10, and (2) if the outer diameter of the winding pipe 30 is too small, the solar cell module 10 is damaged when the solar cell module 10 is wound. It should be determined in consideration of, for example, (3) if the outer diameter of the take-up pipe 30 is too large, the weight and volume of the take-up pipe 30 will increase, resulting in poor workability. In addition, although the constituent material of the winding pipe 30 may be anything, since aluminum is lightweight, it is suitable.

  In order to enable winding by the winding pipe 30, one end (hereinafter referred to as an upper end) of the solar cell module 10 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the winding pipe 30. A bottom bar 27 that functions as a weight or the like is attached to the other end (hereinafter referred to as the lower end) parallel to the upper end of the solar cell module 10. A pull cord 29 for performing the raising / lowering operation of the solar cell module 10 is attached to the center portion of the bottom bar 27.

  The roll screen 100 used as a component of the present roll screen system is a solar cell module 10 even when the solar cell module 10 is wound around the winding pipe 30 in the form shown in FIG. It may be wound around the winding pipe 30 in the form shown in FIG. However, an experimental module having a configuration corresponding to the solar cell module 10 is repeatedly wound around pipes of various outer diameters with the surface on the solar cell unit side (hereinafter referred to as PV surface) facing outward / inward. Then, the results shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B are obtained by experiments for measuring the performance (short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage). That is, when the outer diameter of the winding pipe 30 (the winding diameter in FIG. 6) is small, the solar cell module 10 is wound around the winding pipe 30 with the PV surface facing outward (FIG. 6B). However, it is known that the performance (short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage) of the solar cell unit 11 is hardly deteriorated. 6 (a) and 6 (b), “short circuit current (standardized)” means “short circuit current after 1000 times of winding the experimental module around a pipe having a certain winding diameter” / “Short-circuit current in the initial state of the experimental module”. Similarly, “open circuit voltage (standardized)” means “open circuit voltage after 1000 times of winding the experimental module around a pipe of a certain winding diameter” / “in the initial state of the experimental module” It is the “open circuit voltage”.

  Therefore, it is desirable that the roll screen 100 winds the solar cell module 10 around the winding pipe 30 with the PV surface facing outward.

  In the winding pipe 30 (FIG. 2), an urging mechanism (not shown) for urging the winding pipe 30 with a rotational force in the winding direction of the solar cell module 10 is provided. A brake mechanism (not shown) is provided in the take-up pipe 30 so that the winding speed of the solar cell module 10 is always equal to or lower than a predetermined speed (so as not to be excessively high).

  Furthermore, in the winding pipe 30, the winding pipe 30 in which the rotational force is biased by the biasing mechanism is in a state where only a part of the solar cell module 10 is wound (the winding pipe of the solar cell module 10). A stop position control mechanism (not shown) is also provided for stopping in any one of a plurality of states with different amounts of withdrawal from 30. These mechanisms are essentially the same as those provided in the existing pull cord roll screen take-up pipe. Therefore, detailed description of each mechanism is omitted.

  In the winding pipe 30, a rotary connector 35 (in this embodiment, a two-pole type) is provided.

  In the roll screen system according to the embodiment, the power terminal (substantially equivalent to the first and second electrodes) of the charge / discharge controller 110 described above and the solar cell module 10 of each roll screen 100 via the rotary connector 35. (Refer to FIG. 1) is connected in parallel.

  That is, in a system in which the solar cell modules 10 of each roll screen 100 are connected in series, the output of the entire system can be obtained only when the solar cell module 10 (screen) of a certain roll screen 100 is damaged or deteriorated or is wound up. Will be significantly reduced. On the other hand, in the roll screen system according to the present embodiment in which the above configuration is adopted, even if the solar cell modules 10 of some roll screens 100 are damaged or deteriorated or rolled up, all the roll screens 100 are provided. As long as the solar cell module 10 is not damaged, deteriorated or wound up, the output of the entire system does not decrease.

  More specifically, a system in which three solar cell modules 10a to 10c are connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 7A (hereinafter referred to as a parallel connection system), and FIG. 7B. Consider a case where one solar cell module 10c of a system connected in series (hereinafter referred to as a series connection system) as shown is completely wound up.

  In this case, since the parallel connection system in which the solar cell modules 10a to 10c are connected in parallel functions as a system in which the two solar cell modules 10a to 10b are connected in parallel, the output is “0”. Don't be.

  On the other hand, in the above-described case, in the serial connection system, the solar cell module 10c that is damaged, deteriorated, or completely wound up functions as “resistance”, and thus the output is greatly reduced. Actually, the results shown in FIG. 8 are obtained from an experiment in which the three solar cell modules 10a to 10c are connected as shown in FIG. 7B and a part thereof is shielded from light. That is, in the series connection system, the Pmax ratio (output ratio before and after shielding) is significantly reduced to 2% for shielding the entire surface of the module 10c, and 1/3 of the module 10b is shielded, and 2 of the module 10c is shielded. / 3 is shielded, the output ratio of the module 10a is 100%, the output ratio of the module 10b is 66%, and the output ratio of the module 10c is 33%, but the Pmax ratio of the entire system is 0%. It turned out to be reduced.

  On the other hand, in the case of the parallel connection system of the present invention (see FIGS. 7A and 8), the same light shielding experiment (the entire surface of the module 10c is shielded, 2/3 of the module 10c is shielded, and 1 / of the module 10b is performed). It was found that the Pmax ratio can be maintained at a high output of about 62 to 64% even when 3 is shielded.

  Therefore, it can be said that the roll screen system according to the present embodiment is a system that can effectively use the output of the solar cell module 10 of each roll screen 100.

  Finally, the preferable installation method of each roll screen 100 of the roll screen system, the conditions required for each component of the solar cell module 10 shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4A to 4C, and the production of the solar cell module 10 The method will be described.

Each roll screen 100 of this roll screen system may be installed in the same form as a general roll screen, that is, in a form in which the solar cell module 10 (screen) hangs down beside the window. . However, if the incident angle of light with respect to the solar cell module 10 (solar cell unit 11) is small, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is lowered as a result of the increase in reflectance.

  Therefore, each roll screen 100 is preferably installed so that the position of the winding pipe 30 is behind the window (center side of the room) as schematically shown in FIG. 9A. More specifically, when the bottom bar 27 at the lower end of the lowered solar cell module 10 is fixed to a window frame or the like by the fixing member 80, the inclination angle of the solar cell module 10 surface is 10 ° with respect to the direction of gravity ( In the figure, it is preferable to install the roll screen 100 (winding pipe 30) so as to be α) or more, preferably 20 ° or more, more preferably 30 ° or more. In other words, when the solar cell module 10 is pulled down, the bottom bar 27 is preferably fixed to the window frame by the fixing member 80 so that the incident angle of light can be further increased. The fixing member 80 is a member prepared in advance for the above-described use.

  Actually, when the change in output according to the inclination angle of the solar cell module 10 surface, that is, the roll screen 100 is experimentally obtained, the result is as shown in FIG. 9B. Is obtained. For example, when the length of the roll screen 100 is 1500 mm, the output can be expected to be improved only by setting the position of the winding pipe 30 to only 260 mm from the window and setting the inclination angle to 10 °.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9B, even if the inclination angle is increased, no further improvement in output is expected, and when the inclination angle is increased, the space required for installation becomes larger. The inclination angle of the surface is usually 90 ° or less, preferably 80 ° or less, more preferably 70 ° or less, and still more preferably 65 ° or less with respect to the direction of gravity.

  Further, it is preferable to provide an antireflection film on the surface of the solar cell module or the window surface (inside and / or outside).

[Thickness of solar cell module 10]
The thickness of the solar cell module 10 is usually 0.03 mm or more, preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.1 mm or more, further preferably 0.5 mm or more, most preferably 1 mm or more, and usually 5 mm or less, preferably It is 4 mm or less, More preferably, it is 2 mm or less, More preferably, it is 1.5 mm or less. From the standpoint that the solar cell module 10 can be compactly wound, it is better that the thickness of the solar cell module 10 is thin. However, if the thickness is too thin, not only the strength of the solar cell module 10 is lowered and it is easily damaged, but also leakage current, etc. This is because electrical troubles are likely to occur.

[Solar cell unit 11]
The solar cell unit 11 itself / the solar cell element used as a constituent element of the solar cell unit 11 (hereinafter referred to as a unit element) has a certain degree of flexibility (it is difficult to break even when bending stress is repeatedly applied). Any solar cell element may be used. Therefore, an amorphous silicon solar cell element, an organic solar cell element, a compound semiconductor solar cell element, or the like can be used as the unit element.

  Moreover, when functioning as a roll screen, since only a limited end side is fixed and installed, an organic solar cell element that is resistant to impacts such as fluttering is preferable. The organic solar cell element can be colored, if necessary, and is preferable from the viewpoint of design.

Here, the organic solar cell element is a solar cell element using an organic semiconductor for the light absorption layer (photoelectric conversion layer). The configuration is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, a layer structure in which an anode, a hole extraction layer, a photoelectric conversion layer (organic active layer), an electron extraction layer, and a cathode are sequentially formed, and a substrate. You may have these layer structures on a board | substrate, and you may have a board | substrate on these layer structures.

  The thickness and material of the substrate are not particularly limited as long as they have a certain degree of flexibility and can be wound together with the roll curtain. The thickness is usually 5 μm or more and usually 1 mm or less. The material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polymer materials such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polyimide, metals such as aluminum, iron, stainless steel, and copper, and composite materials that impart insulation to these materials. It is done.

  Any one of the anode and the cathode may be translucent, and both may be translucent. Translucency means that sunlight passes through 40% or more. The film thickness of the anode is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 nm or more and usually 10 μm or less. Examples of the material of the anode include conductive metal oxides such as indium-tin oxide (ITO) and indium-zinc oxide (IZO), metals such as silver, gold and aluminum, and metal thin films made of conductive metal oxide. Uses a three-layer transparent conductive film (IMI) sandwiched between transparent oxide thin films such as carbon materials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, and conductive polymers doped with sulfonic acid and / or halogen, etc. Is done. The film thickness of the cathode is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 nm or more and usually 10 μm or less. As the material, for example, a metal similar to the anode such as a metal such as silver or aluminum can be used. In addition, a metal having a low work function such as calcium, barium or cesium is also preferably used. Two or more anodes or cathodes may be laminated, and characteristics (electric characteristics, wetting characteristics, etc.) may be improved by surface treatment.

  The organic active layer usually contains a p-type semiconductor compound and an n-type semiconductor compound. Examples of the layer structure of the organic active layer include a thin film stack type, a bulk heterojunction type, and a PIN type. Among these, a bulk heterojunction type in which a p-type semiconductor compound and an n-type semiconductor compound are mixed is preferable. The film thickness is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 nm or more and usually 10 μm or less. The method for forming the organic active layer is not particularly limited, but a coating method such as spin coating, die coating, gravure coating, dip coating, and ink jet is preferable.

  A p-type semiconductor compound is a material that operates as a p-type semiconductor whose film can transport holes, but a π-conjugated high molecular compound, a π-conjugated low-molecular organic compound, or the like is preferably used. A mixture of these compounds may also be used. The conjugated polymer compound is obtained by polymerizing a single or a plurality of π-conjugated monomers, and examples of the monomer include thiophene, fluorene, carbazole, diphenylthiophene, dithienothiophene, dithienosilole, dithieno which may have a substituent. Examples include cyclohexane, benzothiadiazole, thienothiophene, imidothiophene, benzodithiophene, and the molecular weight is preferably 10,000 or more. These monomers may be directly bonded, or may be bonded via an ethylenylene group (—CH═CH—), an acetylenylene group (—C≡C—), a nitrogen atom and / or an oxygen atom. Since the π-conjugated polymer material has durability against bending stress, it is preferable in terms of impact resistance and durability against opening and closing of the roll screen.

  Low molecular organic semiconductor materials include condensed aromatic hydrocarbons such as pentacene and naphthacene, oligothiophenes bonded with 4 or more thiophene rings, porphyrin compounds such as porphyrin compounds and tetrabenzoporphyrin compounds and metal complexes thereof, and phthalocyanine compounds And metal complexes thereof. The HOMO level of the p-type semiconductor is usually −5.7 eV or more and usually −4.6 eV or less.

The n-type semiconductor compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fullerene compounds and derivatives thereof, and condensed ring tetracarboxylic acid diimides. Fullerene as C60 or C70
And those obtained by adding a substituent to two carbons of the fullerene, those obtained by adding a substituent to four carbons, and those obtained by adding a substituent to six carbons. In order for the fullerene compound to be applicable to a coating method, the fullerene compound is preferably highly soluble in some solvent and can be applied as a solution. The LUMO level of an n-type semiconductor is usually −4.5 eV or more and usually −2.0 eV or less.

  The thickness of the hole extraction layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 2 nm or more and 500 nm or less. As the material, a conductive polymer in which polythiophene, polypyrrole, or polyaniline is doped with sulfonic acid and / or halogen, or a metal oxide having a high work function such as molybdenum oxide or nickel oxide is used.

  The thickness of the electron extraction layer is not particularly limited, but is usually from 0.1 nm to 500 nm. The material is not particularly limited, and specific examples include inorganic compounds and organic compounds. Examples of the inorganic compound include alkali metal salts such as LiF, and n-type oxide semiconductors such as titanium oxide (TiOx) and zinc oxide (ZnO). Organic compounds include phenanthrene derivatives such as bathocuproin (BCP) and bathophenanthrene (Bphen), and phosphine compounds having a double bond between a phosphorus atom and an oxygen atom or a double bond between a phosphorus atom and a sulfur atom in the molecule. And a phosphine compound having an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group on the phosphorus atom, and among them, a phosphine compound having an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group on the phosphorus atom is preferable.

  On the other hand, an amorphous silicon solar cell element has an advantage that it can sufficiently absorb sunlight even with a thin film having a thickness of about 1 μm. Amorphous silicon is an amorphous material with high resistance to bending. Therefore, if the solar cell unit 11 is composed of several amorphous silicon solar cell elements, the solar cell unit 11 is unlikely to be destroyed / deteriorated in performance due to winding on the winding pipe 30. A thin and lightweight solar cell module 10 can be realized.

  An amorphous silicon solar cell element is a solar cell element using amorphous silicon for the photoelectric conversion layer. Although a structure is not specifically limited, For example, it has the layer structure and board | substrate with which the photoelectric converting layer was formed between electrodes. The same substrate as the organic solar cell element can be used. The same electrode as the anode and cathode of the organic solar cell can be used as the electrode. The photoelectric conversion layer preferably has a PIN structure.

  Moreover, a compound semiconductor solar cell element can also be used as a unit element. The compound semiconductor solar cell element is a solar cell element using a compound semiconductor for the photoelectric conversion layer. Although a structure is not specifically limited, For example, it has the layer structure and board | substrate with which the photoelectric converting layer was formed between electrodes. The same substrate and electrode as those of the amorphous silicon solar cell element can be used.

The photoelectric conversion layer is preferably an I-III-VI group ₂ semiconductor (chalcopyrite type) that provides high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and particularly preferably a Cu-III-VI group ₂ semiconductor using Cu as the group I element. The Cu-III-VI group ₂ semiconductor is a semiconductor made of a compound containing Cu, a group III element, and a group VI element in a ratio of 1: 1: 2. As this Cu-III-VI ₂ group semiconductor, CuInSe ₂ , CuGaSe ₂ , Cu (In _1-x Ga _x ) Se ₂ , CuInS ₂ , CuGaS _{2 are used.
, Cu (In 1-x Ga} x) S 2, CuInTe 2, CuGaTe 2, Cu (In 1-x Ga x) T
e ₂ can be exemplified. Moreover, the mixture of these 2 or more types may be sufficient. Especially, CI
S-based semiconductors and CIGS-based semiconductors are preferred.

The CIS-based semiconductor is CuIn (Se _1-y S _y ) ₂ [0 ≦ y ≦ 1]. That is, the CIS-based semiconductor is CuInSe ₂ , CuInS ₂ , or those in a mixed state. In addition, it is preferable to use S instead of Se because safety is improved.

The CIGS-based semiconductor is Cu (In _1-x Ga _x ) (Se _1-y S _y ) ₂ [0 <x <1, 0 ≦ y
≦ 1]. Note that Cu (In _1-x Ga _x ) Se ₂ is usually a mixed crystal of CuInSe ₂ and CuGaSe ₂ . Also, the range of x is usually greater than 0, preferably greater than 0.05, more preferably greater than 0.1, and usually less than 0.8, preferably less than 0.5, more preferably 0. Less than 4.

[Weather-resistant protective film 12]
The weather-resistant protective film 12 is a film for protecting the solar cell unit 11 from weather changes. Some of the constituent elements of the solar cell unit 11 are deteriorated by temperature change, humidity change, natural light, erosion caused by wind and rain, and the like. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent the power generation capability from deteriorating by covering the solar cell unit 11 with the weather-resistant protective film 12 to protect the solar cell unit 11 and the like from weather changes and the like.

  Since the weather-resistant protective film 12 is located on the outermost layer of the solar cell module 10, the solar cell module 10 (solar cell unit 11) such as weather resistance, heat resistance, transparency, water repellency, contamination resistance, mechanical strength, etc. It is preferable to have a property suitable as a surface coating material and to maintain it for a long period of time in outdoor exposure.

  It is preferable that the solar cell module 10 is a thing which can be wound up compactly. Therefore, the weather-resistant protective film 12 is preferably thin. Usually, it is 10 μm or more, preferably 15 μm or more, more preferably 20 μm or more, and is usually 200 μm or less, preferably 180 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less, and further preferably 100 μm or less. When the weather-resistant protective film 12 is thinned, the flexibility is increased, so that winding becomes easy. However, it is not preferable that the weather-resistant protective film 12 is too thin. This is because if the weather-resistant protective film 12 is too thin, the weather resistance cannot be ensured.

  In addition, the weather-resistant protective film 12 is preferably one that transmits visible light from the viewpoint of not preventing the solar cell unit 11 from absorbing light. For example, the visible light (wavelength 360 to 830 nm) light transmittance of the weather-resistant protective film 12 is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 95%.

  Furthermore, since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, it is preferable that the weather-resistant protective film 12 also has heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the weather-resistant protective film 12 is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 350 ° C. or lower, preferably 320 ° C. or lower. Preferably it is 300 degrees C or less. By increasing the melting point, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the weather-resistant protective film 12 is melted and deteriorated when the solar cell module 10 is used.

  The material which comprises the weather-resistant protective film 12 is arbitrary if the solar cell unit 11 can be protected from a weather change. Examples of the material include polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, AS (acrylonitrile-styrene) resin, ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, fluorine resin, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene Examples thereof include polyester resins such as naphthalate, phenol resins, polyacrylic resins, polyamide resins such as various nylons, polyimide resins, polyamide-imide resins, polyurethane resins, cellulose resins, silicone resins, and polycarbonate resins.

  Among them, fluorine resin is preferable, and specific examples thereof include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 4-fluoroethylene-perchloroalkoxy copolymer (PFA), 4-fluoroethylene-6-fluoride. Propylene copolymer (FEP), 2-ethylene-4-fluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), poly-3-fluoroethylene chloride (PCTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), etc. Can be mentioned.

  In addition, the weather-resistant layer has functions such as ultraviolet blocking, heat blocking, antifouling, antifogging, abrasion resistance, conductivity, antireflection, antiglare, light diffusion, light scattering, wavelength conversion, gas barrier properties, etc. It may be given. In particular, since the solar cell module 10 is exposed to strong ultraviolet rays from sunlight, the weather resistant layer may have an ultraviolet blocking function. The UV blocking function can be achieved by laminating a layer having an UV blocking function on the weather resistant layer by coating film formation, etc., or by dissolving and dispersing a material that exhibits the UV blocking function. Can be applied to the weathering layer.

  In addition, the weather-resistant protective film 12 may be formed with 1 type of material, and may be formed with 2 or more types of materials. Moreover, although the weather-resistant protective film 12 may be formed with the single layer film, the laminated | multilayer film provided with the film of two or more layers may be sufficient as it.

  Further, the weatherproof protective film 12 may be subjected to surface treatment such as corona treatment or plasma treatment in order to improve adhesion with other films.

  The weather-resistant protective film 12 is preferably provided on the outer side of the solar cell module 10 as much as possible. This is because more of the constituent members of the solar cell module 10 can be protected. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the weather-resistant protective film 12 on the outermost surface of the solar cell module 10.

  When the weather-resistant protective film 12 is made of a fluororesin and the weather-resistant protective film 12 is the outermost surface of the solar cell module 10, the inclination angle of the surface of the solar cell module 10 is 10 ° or more with respect to the direction of gravity. The improvement in output becomes remarkable. On the other hand, since the general-purpose resin has a higher refractive index than the fluororesin, the effect of the tilt angle on the output is reduced. Therefore, when a general-purpose resin is used for the outermost surface of the solar cell module 10 as the weather-resistant protective film 12, it is necessary to increase the inclination angle in order to obtain the same output as that of the fluorine-based resin, and the screen installation space increases. .

  Furthermore, in order to eliminate the possibility that the surface of the rectangular base material 20 on the side where the solar cell unit 11 is not provided (inside the room) and the surface side of the weather-resistant protective film 12 in the wound state are bonded. The surface of the weatherproof protective film 12 may be embossed. Moreover, the embossing of the surface of the solar cell module 10 is also effective for making the solar cell module 10 unglazed when viewed from the outside.

[Encapsulant 13a]
The sealing material 13 a is a film that reinforces the solar cell unit 11. Since the solar cell unit 11 is thin, the strength is usually weak, and thus the strength of the solar cell module 10 tends to be weak. However, the strength can be maintained high by the sealing material 13a.

  In order to allow the solar cell module 10 to be wound compactly, the sealing material 13a is preferably thin. Usually, it is 50 μm or more, preferably 100 μm or more, more preferably 150 μm or more, and usually 500 μm or less, preferably 450 μm or less, more preferably 400 μm or less. Thinning increases flexibility and makes winding easier. However, if it is too thin, strength is not ensured, which is not preferable.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the sealing material 13a has high strength from the viewpoint of maintaining the strength of the solar cell module 10. The specific strength is related to the strength of the weatherproof protective film 12 and the backsheet 14 other than the sealing material 13a, and is difficult to define unconditionally. However, the sealing material 13a winds the solar cell module 10 around. It is desirable to have adhesiveness and strength that do not cause peeling or deformation in each part of the solar cell module 10 even if the take-up pipe 30 is wound or stretched.

  Moreover, the sealing material 13a is preferably one that transmits visible light from the viewpoint of not preventing the solar cell unit 11 from absorbing light. For example, the transmittance of visible light (wavelength 360 to 830 nm) of the sealing material 13a is usually 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 75% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, and particularly preferably. It is 85% or more, particularly preferably 90% or more, particularly preferably 95% or more, and particularly preferably 97% or more. This is to convert more sunlight into electrical energy.

  Furthermore, since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, it is preferable that the sealing material 13a also has heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the sealing material 13a is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 350 ° C. or lower, preferably 320 ° C. or lower, more preferably. Is 300 ° C. or lower. By increasing the melting point, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the sealing material 13a is melted and deteriorated when the roll screen system (main body device 100) is used.

  Examples of the material constituting the sealing material 13a include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), and ethylene. -Methyl methacrylate copolymer (EMMA), ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA), propylene / ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, urethane resin, butyral resin, ionomer resin, Or a silicone resin etc. are mentioned.

  Moreover, the fluoropolymer which has tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), vinylidene fluoride (VdF) or tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinylidene fluoride (VdF) as a main component is also mentioned. Among these, olefin-based resins are inexpensive materials that have a low possibility of generating toxic gas even when heated by mistake. Accordingly, the olefin-based resin is suitable as the sealing material 13a of the roll screen system (main body device 100) used indoors.

  From the viewpoint of reducing damage to the solar cell element due to bending stress generated by opening and closing the roll screen, a crosslinkable sealing material is preferable. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of easy opening and closing of the roll screen, a non-crosslinkable sealing material is preferable in order to maintain flexibility.

[Encapsulant 13b]
The sealing material 13b is a film similar to the sealing material 13a described above, and the same material as the sealing material 13a can be used in the same manner except that the arrangement position is different. The thickness is the same as that of the sealing material 13a. Further, since the constituent member on the back side of the solar cell unit 11 does not necessarily need to transmit visible light, the sealing material 13b may be one that does not transmit visible light.

[Backsheet 14]
The back sheet 14 is preferably thin so that the solar cell module 10 can be compactly wound. It is usually 10 μm or more, preferably 15 μm or more, more preferably 20 μm or more, and is usually 200 μm or less, preferably 180 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less. Thinning tends to increase flexibility and facilitates winding, but too thin is not preferable because weather resistance is not ensured.

  The back sheet 14 is the same film as the weather-resistant protective film 12 described above, and the same film as the weather-resistant protective film 12 can be used in the same manner except that the arrangement position is different. Moreover, since the constituent member on the back side of the solar cell unit 11 does not necessarily need to transmit visible light, a member that does not transmit visible light can be used. For this reason, as the back sheet | seat 14, what is demonstrated below can also be used.

  For example, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin), polyvinyl chloride resin, fluorine Resins, poly (meth) acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate, polyamide resins such as various nylons, polyimide resins, polyamideimide resins, polyarylphthalate resins Sheet of various resins such as silicone resin, polysulfone resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyurethane resin, acetal resin, cellulose resin, etc. It is possible to use.

  Among these resin sheets, it is preferable to use a fluorine resin, a cyclic polyolefin resin, a polycarbonate resin, a poly (meth) acrylic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyester resin sheet. Specific examples of the fluorine resin include polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), 4-fluorinated ethylene-perchloroalkoxy copolymer (PFA), 4-fluorinated ethylene-6-fluorinated propylene copolymer (FEP). , 2-ethylene-4-fluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE), poly-3-fluoroethylene chloride (PCTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyvinyl fluoride (PVF). In addition, these may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

[Sealant 15]
In order to seal the edges of the weatherproof protective film 12, the sealing materials 13a and 13b, and the back sheet 14 described above, the sealing material 15 may be used. Since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, it is preferable that the sealing material 15 also has heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the sealing material 15 is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 250 ° C. or lower, preferably 200 ° C. or lower, more preferably. 180 ° C. or lower. If the melting point is too low, the sealing material 15 may melt when the thin film solar cell 100 is used.

  Examples of the material constituting the sealing material 15 include polymers such as a fluorine resin, a silicone resin, and an acrylic resin. Note that the sealing material 15 may be formed of one kind of material or two or more kinds of materials.

  The sealing material 15 is provided at a position where each film other than the weather-resistant protective film 12 and the back sheet 14 of the solar cell module 10 can be sealed. Thereby, the space surrounded by the sealing material 15 can be sealed, and moisture and oxygen can be prevented from entering the space.

  The sealing material 15 can be formed by various methods. For example, it can be formed by injecting the constituent material of the sealing material 15 between the weather-resistant protective film 12 and the back sheet 14.

[Rectangular base material 20]
In order to wind up the solar cell module 10 in a compact manner, the rectangular substrate 20 is preferably thin. Usually, it is 0.1 mm or more, preferably 0.15 mm or more, more preferably 0.2 mm or more, and usually 2 mm or less, preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less. Thinning tends to increase flexibility and facilitates winding, but too thin is not preferable because strength is not ensured.

  The material of the rectangular base material 20 may be a natural material such as Japanese paper, cotton or hemp, in addition to those made of resin such as polypropylene or polyester. A polyester / cotton blend may also be used. Moreover, you may contain resin fibers, such as inorganic fibers, such as glass fiber, and polyester. The rectangular base material 20 may have a high light-shielding property or may have a low (so-called translucent) material. Further, the rectangular base material 20 may have a heat shielding property.

  The color of the rectangular substrate 20 may be any number of colors, but white, beige, brown, blue, green and the like are preferably used from the viewpoint of design. Moreover, in order to improve designability, you may give a desired pattern especially indoor side. Furthermore, in order to eliminate the possibility that the surface of the rectangular base material 20 on the side where the solar cell unit 11 is not provided (inside the room) and the surface side of the weather-resistant protective film 12 are bonded in the wound state. In addition, the interior surface of the rectangular base material 20 can be embossed.

[UV cut film 16]
The ultraviolet cut film 16 is a film that prevents transmission of ultraviolet rays. Since some components of the solar cell module 10 are deteriorated by ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet cut film 16 may be used. For example, since gas barrier films 17a and 17b, which will be described later, are deteriorated by ultraviolet rays depending on the type, it is possible to protect the gas barrier films 17a and 17b and the like from ultraviolet rays and maintain their functions high by using the ultraviolet cut film 16. it can.

  Since the rectangular base material 20 and the solar cell module 10 must be wound and compact, the ultraviolet cut film 16 is preferably thin. Usually, it is 5 μm or more, preferably 10 μm or more, more preferably 15 μm or more, and is usually 200 μm or less, preferably 180 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less. Increasing the thickness tends to increase the absorption of ultraviolet rays, but if it is too thick, compactness cannot be secured.

  The degree of the ability to suppress the transmission of ultraviolet rays required for the ultraviolet cut film 16 is such that the transmittance of ultraviolet rays (for example, wavelength 300 nm) is preferably 50% or less, more preferably 30% or less, and particularly preferably. 10% or less.

  Moreover, the ultraviolet cut film 16 is preferably one that transmits visible light from the viewpoint of not preventing the light absorption of the solar cell unit 11. For example, the transmittance of visible light (wavelength 360 to 830 nm) is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 95%.

  Furthermore, since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, it is preferable that the ultraviolet cut film 16 also has heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the ultraviolet cut film 16 is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 350 ° C. or lower, preferably 320 ° C. or lower, more preferably. Is 300 ° C. or lower. If the melting point is too low, the ultraviolet cut film 16 may melt when the thin film solar cell 100 is used.

  Moreover, the ultraviolet-ray cut film 16 has a high softness | flexibility, its adhesiveness with an adjacent film is favorable, and what can cut water vapor | steam and oxygen is preferable.

  The material constituting the ultraviolet cut film 16 is arbitrary as long as it can weaken the intensity of ultraviolet rays. Examples of the material include films formed by blending an ultraviolet absorber with an epoxy, acrylic, urethane, or ester resin.

  As the ultraviolet absorber, for example, a salicylic acid-based, benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, or cyanoacrylate-based one can be used. Of these, benzophenone and benzotriazole are preferable. Examples of this include various aromatic organic compounds such as benzophenone and benzotriazole. The ultraviolet absorber may be formed of one kind of compound or may be formed of two or more kinds of compounds.

  Moreover, you may use the film which formed the layer which disperse | distributed or melt | dissolved the ultraviolet absorber in resin on the base film. Or the film which formed the ultraviolet absorption layer on the base film can also be used. Such a film can be produced, for example, by applying a coating solution containing an ultraviolet absorber on a substrate film and drying it.

  Although the material of a base film is not specifically limited, For example, polyester is mentioned at the point from which the balance of heat resistance and a softness | flexibility is obtained.

  Application | coating can be performed by arbitrary methods. Examples include reverse roll coating, gravure coating, kiss coating, roll brushing, spray coating, air knife coating, wire barber coating, pipe doctor method, impregnation / coating method, curtain coating method and the like. In addition, these methods may be performed alone or in any combination of two or more.

  The ultraviolet cut film 16 may be formed of a single layer film, but may be a laminated film composed of two or more layers.

[Gas barrier films 17a, 17b]
The gas barrier film 17a is a film that prevents permeation of water and oxygen.
The solar cell unit 11 tends to be vulnerable to moisture and oxygen. In particular, transparent electrodes such as ZnO: Al, compound semiconductor solar cell elements, and organic solar cell elements may be deteriorated by moisture and oxygen. Therefore, it is preferable to protect the solar cell unit 11 from water and oxygen by covering the solar cell unit 11 with the gas barrier films 17a and 17b.

  Since it is better for the solar cell module 10 to be wound compactly, the gas barrier film 17a is preferably thin. It is usually 10 μm or more, preferably 15 μm or more, more preferably 20 μm or more, and is usually 200 μm or less, preferably 180 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less. Thinning tends to increase flexibility and facilitates winding, but too thin is not preferable because the barrier property is not ensured.

The degree of moisture resistance required for the gas barrier films 17a and 17b varies depending on the type of the solar cell unit 11 and the like. For example, when the solar cell unit 11 is a compound semiconductor solar cell element, the water vapor permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is 1 × 1.
It is preferably 0 ⁻¹ g / m ² / day or less, more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² g / m ² / day or less, and 1 × 10 ⁻³ g / m ² / day or less. Is more preferable, 1 ×
It is particularly preferably 10 ⁻⁴ g / m ² / day or less, particularly preferably 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ g / m ² / day or less, and 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ g / m ² / day or less. It is particularly preferred. Moreover, when the solar cell unit 11 is an organic solar cell element, the water vapor permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) is preferably 1 × 10 ⁻¹ g / m ² / day or less. It is more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² g / m ² / day or less, further preferably 1 × 10 ⁻³ g / m ² / day or less, and 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ g / m ² / day. It is particularly preferable that the concentration is 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ g / m ² / day or less.
Particularly preferably, it is 0 ^-6 g / m ² / day or less. As the water vapor does not pass, deterioration due to the reaction between the solar cell unit 11 and the transparent electrode such as ZnO: Al is suppressed, so that the power generation efficiency is increased and the life is extended.

The degree of oxygen permeability required for the gas barrier films 17a and 17b varies depending on the type of the solar cell unit 11 and the like. For example, when the solar cell unit 11 (unit element) is a compound semiconductor solar cell element, the oxygen permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cc / m ² / day. / Atm or less, preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² cc / m ² / day / atm or less, more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻³ cc / m ² / d
It is more preferably at most ay / atm, particularly preferably at most 1 × 10 ⁻⁴ cc / m ² / day / atm, and at most 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ cc / m ² / day / atm. Particularly preferred is 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ cc / m ² / day / atm or less. For example, when the solar cell unit 11 is an organic solar cell element, the oxygen permeability per unit area (1 m ² ) per day is 1 × 10 ⁻¹ cc / m ² / day / atm or less. It is preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² cc / m ² / day / atm or less, more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻³ cc / m ² / day / atm or less, and even more preferably 1 × 10 ⁻² cc / m ² / day / atm or less. ^-4 cc / m ² / day / atm or less is particularly preferable, and 1 × 10 ⁻⁵ cc / m ² /
It is particularly preferable that it is not more than day / atm. 1 × 10 ⁻⁶ cc / m ² / day / a
Particularly preferred is tm or less. The deterioration of the solar cell unit 11 and the transparent electrode such as ZnO: Al due to oxidation is suppressed as the oxygen does not permeate.

  Moreover, the gas barrier films 17a and 17b are preferably those that transmit visible light from the viewpoint of not preventing the solar cell unit 11 from absorbing light. For example, the transmittance of visible light (wavelength 360 to 830 nm) is usually 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 75% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, and particularly preferably 85% or more. Preferably it is 90% or more, Especially preferably, it is 95% or more, Especially preferably, it is 97% or more. This is to convert more sunlight into electrical energy.

  Furthermore, since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, it is preferable that the gas barrier films 17a and 17b have heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the gas barrier films 17a and 17b is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 350 ° C. or lower, preferably 320 ° C. or lower. Preferably it is 300 degrees C or less. By increasing the melting point, the possibility that the gas barrier films 17a and 17b are melted and deteriorated when the solar cell module 10 is used can be reduced.

  The specific configuration of the gas barrier films 17a and 17b is arbitrary as long as the solar cell unit 11 can be protected from water. However, since the production cost increases as the film can reduce the amount of water vapor or oxygen that can permeate the gas barrier films 17a and 17b, it is preferable to use an appropriate film considering these points comprehensively.

Suitable gas barrier films 17a and 17b include, for example, a base film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and SiO _x.
Examples thereof include a film obtained by vacuum-depositing (the value of x is 1.5 to 1.8). AlO _y (y value is 1.0 to 1.4) may be used instead of SiO _x , and these two kinds of materials may be used. The gas barrier films 17a and 17b may be formed of a single layer film, but may be a laminated film including two or more layers.

[Getter material films 18a, 18b]
The getter material films 18a and 18b are films that absorb moisture and / or oxygen. Some of the components of the solar cell unit 11 are deteriorated by moisture as described above, and some are deteriorated by oxygen. Therefore, it is preferable to protect the solar cell unit 11 and the like from moisture and / or oxygen by covering the solar cell unit 11 with the getter material films 18a and 18b so that the power generation capacity does not decrease.

  Here, unlike the gas barrier films 17a and 17b, the getter material films 18a and 18b do not prevent moisture permeation but absorb moisture. By using a film that absorbs moisture, when the solar cell unit 11 is covered with the gas barrier films 17a, 17b, etc., the getter material absorbs moisture that slightly enters the space formed by the gas barrier films 17a, 17b and the sealing material 15. Films 18a and 18b can capture and eliminate the influence of moisture on solar cell unit 11.

The degree of water absorption capacity of the getter material films 18a and 18b is usually 0.1 mg / cm ^2.
As mentioned above, Preferably it is 0.5 mg / cm < ² > or more, More preferably, it is 1 mg / cm < ² > or more. The higher this value, the higher the water absorption capacity, and the deterioration of the solar cell element 6 can be suppressed. Moreover, although there is no restriction | limiting in an upper limit, it is usually 10 mg / cm < ² > or less.

  Further, when the solar cell unit 11 is covered with the gas barrier films 17a, 17b or the like by the oxygen being absorbed by the getter material films 18a, 18b, the space formed by the gas barrier films 17a, 17b and the sealing material 15 is slightly increased. The getter material films 18a and 18b capture the invading oxygen, and the influence of the oxygen on the solar cell unit 11 can be eliminated.

  The thickness of the getter material films 18a and 18b is not particularly defined, but is usually 5 μm or more, preferably 10 μm or more, more preferably 15 μm or more, and usually 200 μm or less, preferably 180 μm or less, more preferably 150 μm or less. Increasing the thickness tends to increase mechanical strength, and decreasing the thickness tends to increase flexibility.

  Furthermore, the getter material films 18a and 18b are preferably those that transmit visible light from the viewpoint of not preventing the solar cell unit 11 from absorbing light. For example, the transmittance of visible light (wavelength 360 to 830 nm) is usually 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 75% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, and particularly preferably 85% or more. Preferably it is 90% or more, Especially preferably, it is 95% or more, Especially preferably, it is 97% or more. This is to convert more sunlight into electrical energy.

  Furthermore, since the solar cell module 10 is often heated by receiving light, the getter material films 18a and 18b preferably have heat resistance. From this viewpoint, the melting point of the constituent material of the getter material films 18a and 18b is usually 100 ° C. or higher, preferably 120 ° C. or higher, more preferably 130 ° C. or higher, and usually 350 ° C. or lower, preferably 320 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is 300 degrees C or less. By increasing the melting point, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the getter material films 18a and 18b are melted and deteriorated when the thin film solar cell 100 is used.

The material constituting the getter material films 18a and 18b is arbitrary as long as it can absorb moisture and / or oxygen. Examples of the material include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide, silica gel, zeolite compound, magnesium sulfate as a substance that absorbs moisture. And sulfates such as sodium sulfate and nickel sulfate, and organometallic compounds such as aluminum metal complexes and aluminum oxide octylates. Specifically, examples of the alkaline earth metal include Ca, Sr, and Ba. Examples of the alkaline earth metal oxide include CaO, SrO, and BaO. In addition, Zr-Al-BaO, an aluminum metal complex, etc. are also mentioned. Specific product names include, for example, OleDry (manufactured by Futaba Electronics).

  Examples of the substance that absorbs oxygen include activated carbon, silica gel, activated alumina, molecular sieve, magnesium oxide, and iron oxide. In addition, Fe, Mn, Zn, and inorganic salts such as sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates of these metals are also included.

  In addition, the getter material films 18a and 18b may be formed of one kind of material or may be formed of two or more kinds of materials. The getter material films 18a and 18b may be formed of a single layer film, but may be a laminated film including two or more layers.

  The getter material films 18a and 18b can be formed by any method depending on the type of the water-absorbing agent or the desiccant. A method of applying a desiccant solution by a spin coating method, an ink jet method, a dispenser method, or the like can be used. A film forming method such as a vacuum evaporation method or a sputtering method may be used.

  As a film for a water absorbing agent or a desiccant, for example, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, polystyrene resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (AS resin), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin), polyvinyl chloride resin, fluorine resin, poly (meth) acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, and the like can be used. Among these, films of polyethylene resin, fluorine resin, cyclic polyolefin resin, and polycarbonate resin are preferable. In addition, the said resin may use 1 type and may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

[Reinforcing material]
The solar cell module 10 is frequently wound or stretched. Moreover, the solar cell module 10 is easily heated by the sunlight from the window. Under such use conditions, the film such as the sealing material 13a tends to be creeped, distorted or warped. In particular, since such deformation or the like is likely to occur in the edge portion of the solar cell module 10, a reinforcing material may be provided in the solar cell module 10.

  Examples of the reinforcing material include nonwoven fabrics or woven fabrics made of inorganic fibers such as glass and titanium, nonwoven fabrics or woven fabrics made of organic fibers such as polyamide, polyamideimide, polyimide, liquid crystalline polymer, and aromatic amide, and blends thereof. Nonwoven fabric or woven fabric made of

  Among these, a glass fiber nonwoven fabric is preferably used. In addition, when this nonwoven fabric is used so as to be in contact with the sealing materials 13a and 13b, the surface of the glass fiber may be treated with a silane coupling agent in order to improve the adhesion between the sealing material resin and the glass fiber interface. good.

Specific examples of the silane coupling agent include vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and γ-aminopropyltriethoxy. Examples include silane and γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane. Treatment methods include a spray method in which an alcohol solution or an aqueous solution of a silane coupling agent is sprayed on the nonwoven fabric, a dipping method in which the nonwoven fabric is immersed in the solution, and a gravure coating method in which the nonwoven fabric is passed between rolls wet with the solution.

  As the shape of the reinforcing material, a shape that covers the entire group of solar cell units 11 such as the sealing materials 13a and 13b or a shape that reinforces only the edge portion of the solar cell module 10 can be adopted.

[Others]
In order to make the solar cell module 10 nonflammable and flame retardant, a filler such as a glass nonwoven fabric or silica can be added to the solar cell module 10 other than the solar cell unit 11.

[Method for Manufacturing Solar Cell Module 10]
Portions other than the rectangular base material 20 of the solar cell module 10 (hereinafter referred to as a solar cell portion) can be manufactured by various methods. For example, the solar cell unit of the type shown in FIG. 2 encapsulates one or two or more solar cell units 11 connected in series or in parallel between the weather-resistant protective film 12 and the back sheet 14. It can manufacture by laminating with material 13a, 13b with a general vacuum laminating apparatus. Further, in the solar cell portion of the type shown in FIG. 3, the UV cut film 16, the gas barrier films 17a and 17b, the getter material films 18a and 18b are laminated at the same time, or several films can be laminated. It can be manufactured by laminating separately.

  At this time, the heating temperature is usually 130 ° C. or higher, preferably 140 ° C. or higher, and is usually 180 ° C. or lower, preferably 170 ° C. or lower. The heating time is usually 10 minutes or longer, preferably 20 minutes or longer, usually 100 minutes or shorter, preferably 90 minutes or shorter. The pressure is usually 0.001 MPa or more, preferably 0.01 MPa or more, and usually 0.2 MPa or less, preferably 0.1 MPa or less. By making the pressure within this range, sealing can be performed reliably, and the sealing materials 13a and 13b from the end portions can be prevented from protruding and film thickness reduction due to over-pressurization, thereby ensuring dimensional stability.

  Examples of the fixing method between the rectangular base material 20 and the solar cell unit include a method using an adhesive and a method of sewing. Examples of adhesives include polyvinyl acetate adhesives, polyacrylate adhesives, cyanoacrylate adhesives, ethylene copolymer adhesives, cellulose adhesives, polyester adhesives, polyamide adhesives, polyimides Examples thereof include a system adhesive, an amino resin adhesive, a phenol resin adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, a reactive (meth) acrylic adhesive, and a silicone adhesive. In addition, 1 type may be used for an adhesive agent and it may use 2 or more types together by arbitrary combinations and a ratio.

  As a method of sewing, a method of sewing only the periphery of the solar cell module 10 or a method of sewing the solar cell module 10 in a form of crossing or traversing a portion where the solar cell unit 11 does not exist can be employed.

  In order to eliminate the possibility that the surface of the rectangular base material 20 on which the thin-film solar cell is not mounted (inside the room) and the surface side of the weather-resistant protective film 12 in the wound state are removed, You may emboss the surface of the inside of the material 20 inside.

<Deformation>
The roll screen system according to the embodiment described above can be variously modified. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the solar cell modules 10 of the roll screens 100 are arranged in a matrix on the one surface side of the flexible rectangular substrate 20. The module can be modified into a module including an output terminal 10p connected to the positive terminal of each solar cell unit 11 and an output terminal 10m connected to the negative terminal of each solar cell unit 11.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, the solar cell module 10 can also be transformed into one using a solar cell unit 11 that is different from the above-described positions of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal.

  The roll screen system can be modified into one that does not include the charge / discharge controller 110 (one in which each solar cell module 10 and the storage battery 120 are directly connected). When the roll screen system is modified to such a configuration, a backflow prevention diode or the like should be provided between the positive terminal of each solar cell unit 11 and the output terminal 10p.

  Each roll screen 100 can be transformed into an electric roll screen or a chain-type roll screen. Furthermore, each roll screen 100 can also be transformed into a device in which the solar cell module 10 does not stop at a position where some percent of the solar cell unit 11 is hidden. In order to transform the above-described roll screen 100 into such a device, for example, as a stop position control mechanism, a mechanism that stops the take-up pipe 30 every time it rotates 360 degrees is adopted as the solar cell module 10. If the distance between the centers of the solar cell units 11 is equal to the length of the outer periphery of the winding pipe 30, this can be realized. Moreover, while providing a convex part in the right and left edge of the solar cell module 10, the tension roller which pinches | interposes the edge of the solar cell module 10 in the position which engages with the said convex part of the vicinity of the holding | maintenance part 40 / the lower end part of the holding | maintenance part 40 This can also be realized by providing

  Further, it is possible to take out the electric power from the solar cell module 10 by using something other than the rotary connector (slip ring or the like), or take out the electric power from the solar cell module 10 as shown in FIG. As a matter of course, it may be performed from the lower end side of the solar cell module 10 without using a rotary connector or the like. For example, power may be taken out via the pull cord 29.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Solar cell module 10p, 10m, 130 Output terminal 11 Solar cell unit 12 Weatherproof protective film 13a, 13b Sealing material 14 Back sheet 15 Sealing material 16 Ultraviolet cut film 17a, 17b Gas barrier film 18a, 18b Getter material film 20 Rectangular shape Base material 27 Bottom bar 29 Pull cord 30 Winding pipe 31 Motor 35, 35b Rotary connector 40 Holding part 50, 55 Cable 80 Fixing member 100 Roll screen 110 Charge / discharge controller 120 Storage battery

Claims (5)

A plurality of roll screens each having a screen on which solar cells are disposed;
A first electrode electrically connected to the positive electrode of the solar cell of each roll screen;
A roll screen system comprising: a second electrode electrically connected to a negative electrode of a solar battery of each roll screen. A fixing member disposed at a place where the plurality of roll screens are installed, wherein the screen tilts at least 10 ° with respect to the direction of gravity at the lower end side of the screen of the specific roll screen among the plurality of roll screens. The roll screen system according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing member for fixing as described above. Each of the plurality of roll screens is
A first terminal and a second terminal electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell, respectively, through a winding pipe for winding the screen;
The first electrode is electrically connected to each roll screen and the first terminal;
The roll screen system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second electrode is electrically connected to each roll screen and the second terminal. The roll screen system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the solar cell of each screen are provided on a lower end side of each screen. The solar cell disposed on each of the plurality of roll screens,
The roll screen system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of solar cell units are arranged in the winding direction of the screen, and the solar cell units are connected in parallel. .

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