JP2011250701A - Defoaming agent for tofu - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a defoaming agent for Tofu which improves redispersibility of precipitate comprising magnesium salt and/or calcium salt existing as insoluble components, and has an excellent defoaming action.SOLUTION: The defoaming agent for Tofu contains: by mass, 15 to 35% of diacylglycerol; 1 to 5% of monoacylglycerol; 5 to 20% of phospholipid; and 5 to 20% of magnesium carbonate and/or calcium carbonate in total.

Description

  The present invention relates to an antifoaming agent for tofu.

Tofu is generally manufactured through a process of adding a coagulant (nigari) to soy milk and coagulating it. Soy milk is obtained by milling soybeans soaked in water to prepare rice (ku), boiled and squeezed. Since soybean, which is a raw material for tofu, contains abundant surfactants such as protein and saponin, a large amount of foam can be generated during the production of tofu (when boiling soy milk or when it is put into a coagulation container of soy milk). Therefore, in the process of producing tofu, an antifoaming agent that suppresses the generation of foam is generally added.
Currently, a liquid antifoaming agent for tofu in which magnesium salt or calcium salt is added to fats and oils containing diacylglycerol has been reported (Patent Document 1).

JP-A-6-245718

The present inventors have difficulty in uniformly redispersing precipitates made of magnesium salts and calcium salts that are difficult to dissolve in fats and oils when using an antifoaming agent, and the redispersibility of the precipitates deteriorates particularly in a low temperature environment. At the same time, it was found that if the redispersibility of the precipitate is poor, the desired defoaming effect cannot be obtained.
The present invention is an antifoaming agent for tofu containing a magnesium salt and / or calcium salt in fats and oils, and the redispersibility of the precipitate comprising the magnesium salt and / or calcium salt present as an insoluble component is enhanced, And it makes it a subject to provide the antifoamer for tofu which has the outstanding defoaming effect | action.

  As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the inventors of the present invention contain a predetermined amount of oil and fat, phospholipid, magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate, and diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol are contained in the oil and fat. The antifoaming agent for tofu prepared so as to be in a predetermined concentration range shows an excellent defoaming action, and at the same time, the redispersibility of magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate, which is an insoluble component, is high and the workability is excellent. I found out.

  The present invention relates to tofu containing 15-35% by mass of diacylglycerol, 1-5% by mass of monoacylglycerol, 5-20% by mass of phospholipid, and 5-20% by mass of magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate. It relates to an antifoaming agent.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the defoamer for tofu which was excellent in the redispersibility of the magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate which are insoluble components, and excellent in defoaming property is provided.

  The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention contains at least one kind of oil. The fats and oils in the present invention can be contained in the antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention, preferably 60 to 90% by mass, more preferably 65 to 85% by mass. The “oil / fat” in the present invention includes one or more of triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, and monoacylglycerol.
Although the diacylglycerol contained in the tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention is 15 to 35% by mass, it is preferably 15 to 30% by mass from the viewpoints of dispersibility and defoaming properties of magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
The monoacylglycerol contained in the antifoaming agent for tofu according to the present invention is 1 to 5% by mass, preferably 1 to 4% by mass from the viewpoint of dispersibility and antifoaming property of magnesium carbonate or calcium carbonate.
The tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention usually contains triacylglycerol. The triacylglycerol contained in the tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention is preferably 20 to 70% by mass, more preferably 25 to 65% by mass.

The fats and oils used in the present invention preferably contain diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol, respectively, at a predetermined concentration, and 20-50% by mass, more preferably 25-45% by mass, and further preferably 30-40% by mass of diacylglycerol. It is preferable to contain 1.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 2 to 8% by mass, and further preferably 2 to 6% by mass of monoacylglycerol. Moreover, it is preferable that the fats and oils used by this invention contain triacylglycerol 39-78 mass%, More preferably, it is 45-72 mass%, More preferably, it is 52-67 mass%. Furthermore, in the fats and oils in the present invention, the ratio of the mass of monoacylglycerol to the mass of diacylglycerol (the mass of monoacylglycerol / the mass of diacylglycerol) is preferably 0.05 to 0.2, preferably 0.05 to 0.00. More preferably, it is 15.
A method for measuring the concentration (% by mass) of each acylglycerol in the oil and fat will be described later.

The fats and oils used in the present invention can be obtained by any method such as transesterification reaction between raw oils and fats such as vegetable oils and animal oils and glycerin, or esterification reaction between fatty acid compositions derived from raw oils and fats and glycerin. The reaction method may be either a chemical reaction method using an alkali or an acidic catalyst or a biochemical reaction method using an oil and fat hydrolase such as lipase. The transesterification reaction can be performed, for example, by reacting raw material oil and fat with glycerin in the presence of a basic catalyst such as sodium methoxide. Moreover, the said esterification reaction can be performed by making the fatty-acid composition derived from the said raw material fats and glycerol react with presence of an enzyme, for example. The method for producing fats and oils in the present invention is not particularly limited, but a transesterification reaction between the raw fats and oils and glycerin using a chemical reaction is preferable from the viewpoint that a desired concentration of diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol can be obtained relatively easily.
The raw material fats and oils preferably include fatty acids having 16 to 22 carbon atoms as constituent fatty acids, and more preferably unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of raw oils and fats include rapeseed oil, corn oil, soybean oil, palm oil, safflower oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, rice oil, sunflower oil, sesame oil, lard, beef tallow, fish oil, or fractionated oils thereof and transesterified oils. , Hardened oil, or mixed fats and oils thereof.

  For the tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention, only the fats and oils obtained by the above reaction can be used, or both the fats and oils obtained by the above reaction and unreacted raw material fats and oils can be used. Furthermore, the defoaming agent for tofu of the present invention can contain purified monoacylglycerol. Purified monoacylglycerol can be obtained by partially decomposing raw oil and fat and then separating and purifying it.

The constituent fatty acid composition of diacylglycerol in the tofu defoaming agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, but 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more of the constituent fatty acid has 18 carbon atoms. It is preferably an unsaturated fatty acid.
The fatty acid composition of the monoacylglycerol in the tofu defoaming agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, but 80% by mass or more, more preferably 85% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more of the constituent fatty acid is carbon. It is preferable that it is a unsaturated fatty acid of number 18.
A method for measuring the proportion (mass%) of the unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acid composition will be described later.

  There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the phospholipid contained in the antifoam agent for tofu of this invention, The phospholipid derived from egg yolk (egg yolk lecithin), the phospholipid derived from soybean (soy lecithin), etc. can be used. A commercially available product can be used as the phospholipid. The phospholipid contained in the tofu antifoaming agent of the present invention is 5 to 20% by mass, but it is preferably contained in an amount of 5 to 15% by mass from the viewpoint of defoaming properties. Although many commercially available lecithins contain components other than phospholipids, when using such commercially available lecithins, the tofu of the present invention is prepared so that the content as phospholipid is within the above-mentioned concentration range. Add to antifoaming agent. A method for measuring the phospholipid concentration in the antifoam for tofu will be described later.

  The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention contains a predetermined concentration of magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate. Magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate are contained in the antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention in a total amount of 5 to 20% by mass, and preferably 5 to 15% by mass from the viewpoint of defoaming properties. The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention may contain both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, or may contain either one. In the case of containing both magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, the content ratio is not particularly limited. A commercial item can be used for magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate.

The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention may further contain a polyglycerin fatty acid ester in addition to the oils and fats, phospholipids and magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate described above.
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester is preferably an ester composed of a polyglycerin having a glycerin unit of preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 10, and a fatty acid having a carbon number of preferably 10 to 24, more preferably 14 to 20. It is done. In addition, as the polyglycerol fatty acid ester, in particular, a polyglycerol having 2 to 10 glycerol units, and a linear or branched chain and a saturated or unsaturated hydroxycarbon having 10 to 24, preferably 14 to 20, carbon atoms. Preference is given to esters consisting of di- to 10-mer of acid, preferably 3- to 6-mer polyhydroxycarboxylic acid. Examples of the polyglycerin fatty acid ester include esters of polyglycerin and a fatty acid selected from the group consisting of condensed ricinoleic acid having a degree of condensation of ricinolenic acid and ricinolenic acid of 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 6. It is preferable to use polyglycerin condensed ricinolenic acid ester. The polyglycerin fatty acid ester can be synthesized by a usual method, and a commercially available product can also be used.
The polyglycerin fatty acid ester of the antifoam for tofu of the present invention is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, and 0.1 to 2% by mass. More preferably, it is particularly preferably 0.1 to 1% by mass.

  The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention may contain other components such as sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene fatty acid ester, polysorbate, and organic acid monoglyceride as necessary.

The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention is usually liquid. Tofu is often produced in a low temperature environment in the early morning and can also be produced in low temperature areas, but conventional tofu defoaming agents are capable of redispersing precipitates such as inorganic salts in such a low temperature environment. The problem remained. On the other hand, the antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention is excellent in the redispersibility of the precipitate even in the low temperature environment as described above. Moreover, the antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention having such characteristics can be easily added using a pump in the production process of tofu, and the work efficiency of tofu production can be significantly increased.
The antifoaming agent for tofu of the present invention not only exhibits an antifoaming effect, but can also contribute to an improvement in the yield of tofu production and an improvement in the quality of tofu products.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to this.

Analysis Method (A) Acylglycerol Composition About 10 mg of an oil and fat sample and 0.5 mL of a trimethylsilylating agent (“silylating agent TH”, manufactured by Kanto Chemical) were added to a glass sample bottle, sealed, and heated at 70 ° C. for 15 minutes. . To this, 1.0 mL of water and 1.5 mL of hexane were added and shaken. After standing, the upper layer was analyzed by gas chromatography (GLC).

(B) Composition Fatty Acid Composition The method described in the Standard Oil and Fat Analysis Test Method 2003 edition (published by Nippon Oil Chemical Co., Ltd.), more specifically, an oil and fat sample is converted to methyl esterified by boron trifluoride After the treatment by the method described in (Methanol method), the fatty acid composition was analyzed by the method described in 2.4.2.2 Fatty acid composition (FID temperature rising gas chromatograph method). The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms was calculated by calculating the mass ratio of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms per total fatty acid.

(C) Phospholipid concentration Standard analysis method for fats and oils 2003 edition (published by Nippon Oil Chemical Co., Ltd.) 4.1.2 Toluene insolubles by the method described in toluene insolubles, and 4.3.1 Acetone insolubles by the method described in acetone insolubles Each insoluble matter was measured and calculated as the difference between the measured value of acetone insoluble matter and the measured value of toluene insoluble matter.

Preparation Example Preparation of Tofu Defoamer 97.5 parts by mass of rapeseed white squeezed oil (made by Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and 2.5 parts by mass of glycerin (produced by Kao Co., Ltd.) were mixed, and sodium methoxide (produced by Nippon Tanka Co., Ltd.) After adding 0.26 mass part and performing transesterification, washing with water, decoloring, and deodorizing were performed, and prepared fats and oils (1) were prepared.
Soybean oil fatty acid: rapeseed oil fatty acid = 7: 3 (mass ratio) mixed fatty acid 87 parts by mass and glycerin 13 parts by mass, esterified using an enzyme (trade name: Paratase 20000L, manufactured by Novozyme A / S) Reaction was performed. Fatty acid and monoacylglycerol were removed from the resulting esterified product by top-cut distillation, followed by deodorization to prepare a prepared fat (2). In addition, soybean oil fatty acid and rapeseed oil fatty acid were prepared by hydrolyzing soybean white squeezed oil (manufactured by Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd.) and rapeseed white squeezed oil with enzymes (trade names: Lipase AY Amano, Amano Enzyme).
Table 1 shows the acylglycerol composition of the prepared fats (1) and (2).

  The above prepared fats and oils (1), the above prepared fats and oils (2), medium chain fatty acid triacylglycerol (trade name: Coconut MT, manufactured by Kao Corporation), corn oil (manufactured by Nisshin Oilio), unsaturated monoacylglycerol (trade name) : Excel O-95R), lecithin (trade name: lecithin deluxe, manufactured by Nisshin Eulio), magnesium carbonate (manufactured by Tomita Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and polyglycerin condensed ricinolenic acid ester (trade name: Sunsoft No. 818SK, Taiyo Chemical Co., Ltd.) The products of the present invention 1 to 3 and comparative products 1 to 4 were obtained by mixing at a ratio shown in Table 2 below. The lecithin deluxe is a product composed of 62.4% by mass of phospholipid and 37.6% by mass of soybean oil.

Table 3 shows the contents of diacylglycerol, monoacylglycerol, phospholipid, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester contained in the present invention products 1 to 3 and comparative products 1 to 4. Table 3 also shows the contents of diacylglycerol (C18 unsaturated diacylglycerol) and monoacylglycerol (C18 unsaturated monoacylglycerol) composed of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms. The ratio of C18 unsaturated diacylglycerol and C18 unsaturated monoacylglycerol was calculated by calculating the ratio (mass%) of the unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms in the fatty acid constituting the diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol. Was multiplied by the concentration of the diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol.
Comparative product 1 is an antifoaming agent that does not contain diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol, which are essential components of the present invention, and comparative products 2 and 3 have a higher content of diacylglycerol than the present invention and contain monoacylglycerol. An antifoaming agent whose amount is lower than that of the present invention. Comparative product 4 is an antifoaming agent whose content of diacylglycerol is higher than that of the present invention, but whose content of monoacylglycerol is within the scope of the present invention.

Test example 1
Inventive products 1 to 3 and comparative products 1 to 4 were adjusted to 25 ° C. and stirred to disperse the precipitate uniformly, and then approximately 4 g of each product was precisely weighed and sampled in a 50 mL centrifuge tube. 30 mL of n-hexane was added to the centrifuge tube to uniformly disperse the solution, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and then the supernatant hexane layer was removed by centrifugation (3000 rpm, 10 minutes). After performing this operation once again, it was evaporated to dryness at 80 ° C. to completely remove the hexane layer. The amount of remaining magnesium carbonate was precisely weighed, and the magnesium carbonate concentration in the sample was calculated (a%).
Next, this invention products 1-3 and comparative products 1-4 were each disperse | distributed uniformly, Then, 200 g was taken into the container, and it left still at 50 degreeC for 1 day, and precipitated magnesium carbonate. After cooling to 10 ° C., the mixture was redispersed by stirring at 600 rpm for 1 minute using a stirrer (three propeller-type stirring blades φ40 mm). About 4 g of the sample after redispersion was precisely weighed from the top, and the magnesium carbonate concentration in the redispersion sample was calculated by the same method as described above (b%).
The value obtained by the following calculation formula was defined as the redispersion degree and used as an index of redispersibility.

Redispersion degree (%) = (b / a) × 100

Moreover, the presence or absence of the precipitated layer immediately after fine dispersion was evaluated by visually observing the appearance. The results are shown in Table 4.

  From the results shown in Table 4, the inventive products 1 to 3 and the comparative product 1 were able to re-disperse the magnesium carbonate precipitate almost uniformly with a stirrer even at a low temperature of 10 ° C.

Test example 2
After soaking 10 kg of soybeans in water adjusted to 20 ° C. for 10 hours, drained and ground with a grinder while adding water to the soaked soybeans to obtain “go”. 58 g of the present invention products 1 to 3 and comparative products 1 to 4 (both obtained by redispersing the precipitate) were added to this “go” and heated at 95 ° C. for 5 minutes in a boiling pot. This was separated into soy milk and okara to obtain 3500 L of soy milk. After 1500 g of the obtained soymilk, 13 g of a tofu coagulation preparation (trade name: Magnes Fine-TG, manufactured by Kao Corporation) was mixed and dispersed using a dedicated mixer (trade name: TK Automixer MARK II, manufactured by Primix). Immediately transferred to a tofu mold box (12 L), the amount of foam present in the tofu mold box was evaluated by visual observation. The results are shown in Table 5. “Amount of foam (%)” in Table 5 indicates the area of the foam relative to the area of the entire liquid surface when the soymilk is viewed from the liquid surface.

  From Table 5, this invention products 1-3 and the comparative products 3 and 4 had the outstanding defoaming effect | action.

  As described above, the products 1 to 3 of the present invention were excellent in the redispersibility of precipitates and at the same time had an excellent defoaming action.

Claims (6)

  An antifoaming agent for tofu containing 15 to 35% by mass of diacylglycerol, 1 to 5% by mass of monoacylglycerol, 5 to 20% by mass of phospholipid, and 5 to 20% by mass of magnesium carbonate and / or calcium carbonate.   The antifoaming agent for tofu according to claim 1, wherein 80 mass% or more of the constituent fatty acids of diacylglycerol is an unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms.   The antifoaming agent for tofu according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 80% by mass or more of the constituent fatty acids of monoacylglycerol is an unsaturated fatty acid having 18 carbon atoms.   The antifoaming agent for tofu according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising 0.1 to 10% by mass of a polyglycerol fatty acid ester.   The antifoaming agent for tofu according to claim 4, wherein the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is a polyglycerol condensed ricinolenic acid ester.   Monoacylglycerol / diacylglycerol = 0.05-0.2 (mass ratio), The antifoaming agent for tofu according to any one of claims 1 to 5,