JP2011250651A - Axial gap motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an axial gap motor capable of increasing motor torque while reducing its size and weight and facilitating its assemblage.SOLUTION: An axial gap motor is provided with a stator 2a of which at least one of its front side and rear side is a polar face, and a rotor 3a whose polar face is facing to the polar face of the stator 2a. The stator 2a is formed by arranging a stator core 5a, wedge-shaped in plan view, with a divided magnetic pole structure having at least one intermediate magnetic pole 11a in between an external diameter side magnetic pole 9 and an internal diameter side magnetic pole 10. Each of the external diameter side magnetic pole 9, the internal diameter side magnetic pole 10, and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a of the stator core 5a is integrally excited by a coil 12 to achieve reduction in size and weight of an axial gap motor 1A and to facilitate its assemblage, thereby increasing motor torque.

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial gap motor (a motor having an axial gap structure) in which a rotor and a stator are arranged to face each other in the motor axial direction, and more particularly, to a reduction in size and weight and facilitation of assembly.

  Conventionally, in this type of axial gap motor, which has applications such as drive motors for electric vehicles, the magnetic pole of the stator is divided into a radially outer diameter side (outer periphery) and an inner diameter side (inner periphery) to shorten the magnetic path. It has been proposed to reduce motor loss (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (paragraphs [0010]-[0015], [0029]-[0032], FIG. 1, FIG. 5, etc.)).

  FIG. 18 shows an example of an axial gap motor in which the magnetic pole of the stator is divided into an outer diameter side and an inner diameter side in the radial direction, (a) is an explanatory plan view seen from the stator side of the rotor, and (b) is (a) It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of ().

  As shown in FIG. 18, the axial gap motor 110 of this example includes a stator 111 in the direction of the motor shaft (rotating shaft) 113 and a rotor 112 a disposed with an air gap (gap) a on the front and back sides thereof. 112b is provided, and both the front and back surfaces of the stator 111 are magnetic pole surfaces. The disk-shaped rotors 112 a and 112 b are rotatably supported by the motor shaft 113.

  In the stator 111, the outer diameter side stator core 115 and the inner diameter side stator core 116 around which the stator winding 114 is wound are arranged concentrically and with an electrical angle different by 180 degrees, and are equally spaced in the circumferential direction. Each disposed magnetic pole is divided into an outer diameter side and an inner diameter side magnetic pole each having a coil wound in the motor axial direction. The rotors 112a and 112b have rotor yokes 117a and 117b and a plurality of outer diameter side (outer) permanent magnets 118a and inner diameter side (inner side) permanent magnets 118b that protrude from the rotor yokes 117a and 117b on the stator 111 side. is doing. The rotor yokes 117a and 117b have four sections magnetically isolated by the partition wall portion 119. The outer diameter side permanent magnet 118 a is arranged corresponding to the outer diameter side stator core 115, and the inner diameter side permanent magnet 118 b is arranged corresponding to the inner diameter side stator core 116. The outer diameter side permanent magnet 118a and the inner diameter side permanent magnet 118b face the stator 111, and the adjacent ones in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the rotor have different polarities.

  In this axial gap motor 110, the magnetic path r indicated by the arrow line in FIG. 18B is formed by the magnetic flux in the rotation axis direction of the outer diameter side stator core 115 and the inner diameter side stator core 116 and the rotor radial direction magnetic flux of the rotors 112a and 112b. 18B, the magnetic path r2 between the inner diameter side permanent magnet 118b and the outer diameter side permanent magnet 118a of each of the rotors 112a and 112b, the inner diameter side permanent magnet 118b and the outer diameter side permanent magnet 118a is the rotor diameter. Proximity to the direction and pass the shortest distance. As a result, the magnetic path r2 is surely shorter than the magnetic path along the outer periphery of the rotor, and the length of the magnetic path r is shortened to reduce the motor loss.

  FIG. 19 shows another example of an axial gap motor in which the magnetic pole of the stator is divided into an outer diameter side and an inner diameter side in the radial direction, (a) is an explanatory plan view seen from the stator side of the rotor, and (b) is It is sectional drawing which follows the BB line of (a).

  In the axial gap motor 145 of this example, the stator 146 is replaced with the outer diameter side stator core 115 of FIG. 18 in which the stator winding 114 is wound and the inner diameter side stator core 116 of FIG. 18 in which the stator winding 114 is wound. It is formed by one stator core 147 in which the winding 114 is wound vertically. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the axial gap motor 110, and both the front and back surfaces of the stator 146 are magnetic pole surfaces.

  A plurality of stator cores 147 are arranged in an annular shape with substantially equal intervals, and a 147a is formed in the center portion of each stator core 47 in the radial direction of the stator. A stator winding is formed in this groove 147a by vertical (rotating shaft direction) winding. 114 is wound. Ends of the stator cores 147 other than the grooves 147a are opposed to the outer permanent magnet 118a and the inner permanent magnet 118b. The permanent magnets 118a and 118b are different from each other in the circumferential direction and the radial direction of the rotor. Polarity.

  The axial gap motor 145 includes a magnetic path r that passes through the rotor yoke 117b toward the inner permanent magnet 118b of the rotor 112b and a rotor path that passes through the rotor yoke 117a as shown by the arrow line in FIG. By forming the head toward the inner diameter side permanent magnet 118b, the magnetic path r2 in FIG. 19A passing through the end face side of the axial gap motor 145 is made shorter than the case along the outer peripheral edge of the rotor, thereby reducing motor loss. ing. Further, the stator winding 114 can be wound even in a small space, and the axial gap motor 145 can be downsized.

  Next, a switched reluctance motor, which is an example of an axial gap motor, includes a stator and a rotor in which a core of a laminated steel plate bent in a U-shape is provided in the circumferential direction, and the stator core in the radial direction is provided. Two coils are arranged side by side, a common coil is wound around these cores, the magnetic pole area is doubled, the rotational torque ratio to the motor thickness is improved, and as a result, the motor is downsized (thinned). (See, for example, Patent Document 2 (paragraphs [0021]-[0049], FIG. 6, FIG. 9 (d), etc.)).

  FIGS. 20 and 21 show the switched reluctance motor 200 having the above-described configuration. FIG. 20A is a top plan view of the main part of the motor having the basic configuration, and FIG. FIG. 20 (c) is a cutaway sectional view, FIG. 20 (c) is a bottom plan view of the main part of the motor in FIG. 20 (a), and FIG. 21 shows a modification from the configuration of FIG.

  The switched reluctance motor 200 includes a stator 210 and a rotor 214. In the stator 210, only the surface (upper surface) facing the rotor 214 is a magnetic pole surface. The rotor 214 is formed to be rotatably connected to a motor shaft (rotation center shaft) 224 extending from the stator 210 via a bearing.

  In the stator 210, a plurality of stator cores 222 formed in a U shape at the same distance from the motor shaft 224 are disposed in the circumferential direction. An exciting coil 216 is wound around the U-shaped recess of the stator core 222. In the rotor 214, a rotor core 226 formed in a U shape at the same distance from the motor shaft 224 is disposed in the circumferential direction. The magnetic pole surface of the rotor core 226 faces the magnetic pole surface of the stator core 222 so as to straddle both U-shaped projecting ends of the stator core 222 with a predetermined gap therebetween.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 21, one exciting coil 16 is commonly wound around two stator cores 222 arranged side by side, so that the switched reluctance motor 200 increases the magnetic pole area and increases the rotational torque. In addition, the size of the motor is reduced by improving the motor thickness to rotational torque ratio.

JP 2007-236130 A JP 2004-166354 A

  In the case of the conventional motor (axial gap motor 110) described in Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 18, firstly, the stator 111 is provided on the outer diameter side magnetic pole 115 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 116, that is, on all the magnetic poles. Each of the stator windings 114 is wound. In addition, the outer diameter side magnetic pole 115 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 116 are wedge-shaped so that the inner diameter side is tapered in plan view, and the stator winding 114 needs to be wound around the outer diameter side magnetic pole 115 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 116 in different shapes. There is. Therefore, the number of coils is large, the coil mass is increased, the assembly is not easy, and the manufacturing cost is increased. Second, since each magnetic pole (outer diameter side magnetic pole 115, inner diameter side magnetic pole 116) of the stator 111 is surrounded by a coil, the area of the magnetic pole is particularly on the inner diameter side where the coil slot width becomes smaller due to the relationship with the motor shaft 113. Is difficult to secure, and downsizing (reducing diameter) of the axial gap motor 110 is limited.

  In the case of the conventional motor (axial gap motor 145) described in Patent Document 1 shown in FIG. 19, the number of coils of the stator 146 is smaller than that of the configuration of FIG. 18, but the groove provided in the radial center of the stator core 147 A longitudinal (motor axial direction) coil of the stator winding 114 is arranged on 147a, and the radial magnetic paths on the front side and the back side of the stator 146 are also apparent from the arrow lines in FIG. In order to pass through the common stator yoke of the stator core 147, the stator core 147 must be thick so that the stator yoke can ensure a sufficient magnetic path cross-sectional area, and the stator core 147 becomes thick and heavy in the motor axial direction.

  In the case of the conventional motor (switched reluctance motor 200) described in Patent Document 2 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the magnetic pole in the radial direction of the stator 210 (each stator core 222 formed in a U-shape). Since the coil is wound every time, coil ends are generated on both sides in the circumferential direction of the magnetic poles. 20 and 21 show only the magnetic poles for one phase of the driving phase (four magnetic poles spaced 90 degrees in the circumferential direction), but if the driving phase is actually three-phase, the circumferential direction The magnetic poles of each phase are adjacent to each other at an interval of 30 degrees, and the coils are wound around the magnetic poles in the same manner, so that coil ends are generated on both sides. In order to prevent mutual interference and the like, it is necessary to reduce the width of each intermediate magnetic pole in the circumferential direction, or to reduce the area of each intermediate magnetic pole, resulting in a reduction in motor torque.

  And in this type of axial gap motor, regardless of whether the magnetic pole surface of the stator is both the front and back surfaces or one of the surfaces (one surface), it is possible to reduce the size and weight and facilitate the assembly. While it is desired to further increase the motor torque, the best structure for this purpose has not been invented.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an epoch-making structure capable of increasing motor torque while reducing the size and weight and facilitating assembly in an axial gap motor.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, an axial gap motor of the present invention includes a stator in which at least one of both front and back surfaces is a magnetic pole surface, and a rotor having a magnetic pole surface facing the magnetic pole surface of the stator, The stator is formed by disposing each wedge-shaped stator core in the radial direction of a split magnetic pole structure having at least one intermediate magnetic pole between an outer diameter side magnetic pole and an inner diameter side magnetic pole, and the outer diameter side magnetic pole, The inner diameter side magnetic pole and the intermediate magnetic pole are excited together by a coil of the intermediate magnetic pole (claim 1).

  In the axial gap motor of the present invention, both the front and back surfaces of the stator are magnetic pole surfaces, and the coil has a substantially bowl shape, and is provided on the stator core so as to surround the intermediate magnetic poles on the front and back surfaces of the stator. (Claim 2).

  Furthermore, in the axial gap motor of the present invention, both the front and back surfaces of the stator are magnetic pole surfaces, and the coil has a crank shape in which a central portion is bent in the front and back directions of the stator. The stator core is provided so as to straddle the adjacent stator cores so as to surround the intermediate magnetic pole on one surface side of the stator core and the intermediate magnetic pole on the other back surface side.

  Further, the axial gap motor of the present invention is characterized in that the intermediate magnetic pole is displaced in the circumferential direction from the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole.

  In the axial gap motor of the present invention, each stator core of the stator is disposed in the circumferential direction in a magnetically independent state, and each rotor core of the rotor is disposed in the circumferential direction in a magnetically independent state. (Claim 5).

  In the axial gap motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, the stator core disposed in the circumferential direction on both the front and back surfaces or the single-sided magnetic pole surface of the stator has at least one between the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole. There are two intermediate magnetic poles, and these magnetic poles are energized together by a coil of the intermediate magnetic pole.

  In this case, it is not necessary to provide a coil for each divided magnetic pole of each stator core, and the magnetic path of the magnetic flux generated by energization excitation of the coil is reduced from the intermediate magnetic pole through the rotor while reducing the number and amount of coils. The magnetic path returning to the magnetic pole and the magnetic path returning from the intermediate magnetic pole to the magnetic pole on the inner diameter side through the rotor can be spread in a two-dimensional plane, and the stator can be thinned to increase the motor torque. In addition, the number and amount of coils provided in the stator are small, and assembly is easy.

  Therefore, it is possible to provide an axial gap motor having an epoch-making structure capable of increasing the motor torque while reducing the size and weight and facilitating the assembly.

  In the axial gap motor according to the second aspect of the present invention, both the front and back surfaces of the stator are magnetic pole surfaces, and the coils of the stator core disposed in the circumferential direction on the stator have a substantially bowl shape. When the coil is provided so as to sandwich the stator core, the coil surrounds the intermediate magnetic poles on the front side and the back side of the stator core, and the outer diameter side magnetic pole, the inner diameter side magnetic pole, and the intermediate magnetic pole on the front and back sides of the stator core are bundled by energizing the coil. Excited.

  In this case, the outer-diameter-side magnetic pole, the inner-diameter-side magnetic pole, and the intermediate magnetic pole on the front and rear surfaces of the stator core are excited together by one coil that surrounds the intermediate magnetic poles on both sides of the stator core. Therefore, when both the front and back sides of the stator are used as magnetic pole faces, the number and amount of coils provided on the stator can be greatly reduced, the stator can be made thinner and the motor torque can be increased, and assembly is also easy. It is.

  Furthermore, by providing a substantially bowl-shaped coil, one side in the circumferential direction of the stator core is desired at the opening edge of the coil, and no winding exists. For this reason, the magnetic pole width in the circumferential direction of the intermediate magnetic poles on the front and back sides of the stator is wider than the case where the coil surrounds the entire circumference of the intermediate magnetic poles. While securing the magnetic pole area, the coil amount of the coil is increased to generate a large magnetomotive force (ampere turn), thereby further increasing the motor torque.

  Therefore, when the front and back sides of the stator are both magnetic pole surfaces, an axial gap motor with an epoch-making structure that can increase motor torque while further reducing size and weight and facilitating assembly is provided. it can.

  In the case of the axial gap motor of the present invention according to claim 3, both the front and back surfaces of the stator are magnetic pole surfaces, and the coil has a crank shape whose central portion is bent in the front and back direction of the stator and straddles adjacent stator cores. And surrounds the intermediate magnetic poles on either the front side or the other back side of both stator cores.

  Therefore, by energizing the coil, each stator core disposed in the radial direction on the stator is energized with the outer diameter side magnetic pole, the inner diameter side magnetic pole, and the intermediate magnetic pole of the driving phase of the front side magnetic pole surface at the same time. The outer diameter side magnetic pole, the inner diameter side magnetic pole, and the intermediate magnetic pole of the same driving phase on the magnetic pole surface on the back side that is shifted more in the circumferential direction are excited together. At this time, the stator core that forms the magnetic path of the magnetic flux on the front magnetic pole surface is different from the stator core that simultaneously forms the magnetic path of the magnetic flux on the rear magnetic pole surface, and each stator core has a different magnetic flux on each side of the stator. Pass by timing. Therefore, the thickness of each stator core can be made thinner than when the magnetic fluxes on the front and back of the stator pass through the same stator core from the front and back at the same timing. The motor torque can be increased by reducing the thickness.

  Therefore, when both the front and back surfaces of the stator are pole faces, another example of an innovative structure that can increase motor torque while further reducing the size and weight and facilitating assembly. A gap motor can be provided.

  In the case of the axial gap motor of the present invention according to claim 4, the intermediate magnetic pole is displaced in the circumferential direction from the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole, so that the coil surrounding the intermediate magnetic pole becomes easier to assemble and the assembling property is further increased. Furthermore, the coil end surface (side surface) on at least one side (preferably the coil end side) in the circumferential direction of the intermediate magnetic pole is made flush with the circumferential end surface (side surface) of the outer diameter side magnetic pole and inner diameter side magnetic pole. Is possible.

  In the case of the axial gap motor of the present invention according to claim 5, since each stator core of the stator and each rotor core of the rotor are arranged in a circumferential direction in a magnetically independent state, unnecessary magnetic flux is generated in each stator core and each rotor. This is particularly suitable when the coil of claim 3 is provided in a crank shape and straddling the adjacent stator cores.

It is sectional drawing of the assembly state of the axial gap motor of 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole surface of the stator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole back surface of the rotor of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly | attachment of the magnetic pole of the stator of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the assembly state of the axial gap motor of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole surface of the stator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole back surface and magnetic pole surface of the rotor of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly | attachment of the magnetic pole of the stator of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the assembly state of the axial gap motor of 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a magnetic pole surface of the stator of FIG. 9. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole back surface and magnetic pole surface of the rotor of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the assembly state of the axial gap motor of 4th Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole surface of the stator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole back surface and magnetic pole surface of the rotor of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly | attachment of the magnetic pole of the stator of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic pole of the front and back of the stator of the axial gap motor of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the excitation state of the axial gap motor of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of an example of the conventional motor. It is explanatory drawing of the other example of the conventional motor. It is explanatory drawing of the further another example of the conventional motor. It is explanatory drawing of the modification of the conventional motor of FIG.

  Next, in order to describe the present invention in more detail, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the drawings, hatched lines indicating cross sections are omitted as appropriate.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment in which the magnetic pole surface of the stator is a single side will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a cut side view of the axial gap motor 1A of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the magnetic pole surface of the stator 2a of the axial gap motor 1A as viewed from the direction of the arrow line a in FIG. These are top views of the magnetic pole back surface of the rotor 3a of the axial gap motor 1A seen from the direction of the arrow line a in FIG.

  As shown in these drawings, an axial gap motor 1A includes a disk-shaped rotor 3a that is attached to a non-magnetic (stainless steel) motor shaft 4a, and a disk-shaped stator in which the motor shaft 4a passes through a center hole. 2a. The stator 2a and the rotor 3a are opposed to each other in the magnetic pole surface.

(Stator 2a)
When the axial gap motor 1A is three-phase driven, the stator 2a has twelve stator cores 5a arranged in a wedge shape in the radial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and in this state, the concentric outer peripheral holding ring 6a and the inner peripheral holding It is formed by fitting between the rings 7a. At this time, each stator core 5a is disposed with a gap of 30 degrees in the circumferential direction, and forms a magnetic core of each phase in order in the circumferential direction. In order to keep each stator core 5a magnetically independent so that unnecessary magnetic flux does not pass through each stator core 5a, for example, the gaps between the stator cores 5a are filled with resin 8 and the ring 6a. 7a is preferably formed of a non-magnetic material.

  Each stator core 5a has a split magnetic pole structure having at least one intermediate magnetic pole 11a between the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10, and in this embodiment, there is one intermediate magnetic pole 11a. The intermediate magnetic pole 11a is provided by being assembled to the stator core 5a as will be described later. Further, the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is provided with a cassette-type coil 12 that collectively excites the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a of each stator core 5a.

  The magnetic flux generated by the exciting phase coil 12 is a magnetic flux that returns to the intermediate magnetic pole 11a from the intermediate magnetic pole 11a through the rotor 3a and the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, as shown by broken arrows b and c in FIG. Then, a magnetic flux that returns from the intermediate magnetic pole 11a to the intermediate magnetic pole 11a through the rotor 3a and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 is formed.

  FIG. 4 shows the assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a and the coil 12, (a) shows the stator core of interest (hereinafter referred to as the "core of interest") 5a of the stator 2a surrounded by a thick solid line, and (b) of the core of interest. FIG. 5C is a perspective view of the coil 12 provided on the core 5a of interest, and FIG. 5D is an explanatory view of the assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a and the coil 12. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, since one surface (front surface) of the stator 2a is a magnetic pole surface, the wedge-shaped core main body 51a formed of, for example, a dust core of each stator core 5a has the magnetic poles 9 and 10 on the front side. As shown in FIG. 1, the yoke portion 52a that protrudes and connects the magnetic poles 9 and 10 is recessed with a reduced thickness α.

  A part of the yoke 52a in the circumferential direction is cut out in a concave shape so that the base 11aa of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is fitted. The magnetic pole areas of the magnetic poles 9, 10, and 11a are substantially equal, and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a has an L shape with a base 11aa protruding on the back surface side.

  The coil 12 includes lateral sides 12a, 12b extending in the circumferential direction between the magnetic poles 9, 11a and the gaps between the magnetic poles 11a, 10; a radial longitudinal side 12c connecting one side of the lateral sides 12a, 12b; A loop of the sides 12d and 12e bent in the thickness direction (motor axis direction) of the yoke portion 52a from the opposite side of 12a and 12b and the longitudinal side 12f in the radial direction connecting the ends of the bent sides 12d and 12e. It is a cassette coil type L-shaped coil formed by winding an enameled wire an appropriate number of times. Note that the winding start portion and the winding end portion of the coil are formed, for example, on the side of the vertical side 12c in consideration of the handling of the lead wire.

  When assembling, the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is fitted inside the coil 12 in the order of the arrows in FIG. 4 (d), and when the coil 12 is attached to the core body 51a in this state, the base 11aa of the magnetic pole 11a is connected to the yoke 52a. The core 5 of interest is a simple operation that fits into the concave portion on one side in the circumferential direction, fits so that the lateral sides 12a, 12b and the magnetic pole 11a of the coil 12 cover the yoke portion 52a, and fits the coil 12 and the magnetic pole 11a into the core body 51a. It is formed. Other stator cores 5a are formed by the same simple operation. Therefore, the stator 2a can be easily assembled.

  Further, the coil 12 of each stator core 5a requires a coil width through which the radial enamel wire of the vertical side 12c passes only on one side in the circumferential direction of the stator core 5a, and the coil on the opposite open side in the circumferential direction of the stator core 5a. Since a width is not required, the magnetic pole area of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a can be increased as compared with a coil structure that requires a coil width on both sides, and the motor torque is increased.

(Rotor 3a)
As shown in FIG. 3, the rotor 3a facing the stator 2a is formed by arranging, for example, eight rotor cores 13a having the same shape as the stator core 5a at regular intervals (45 degree intervals) in the circumferential direction. The rotor core 13a has an outer diameter side magnetic pole 14 and an inner diameter side magnetic pole 15 similar to the magnetic poles 9 and 10 at positions facing the magnetic poles 9 and 10 of the stator core 5a, and the intermediate magnetic pole of the stator core 5a is interposed between the magnetic poles 14 and 15. This is a split magnetic pole structure having an intermediate magnetic pole 16a corresponding to 11a.

  Each rotor core 13a is fitted and fixed between a concentric outer periphery holding ring 17 and an inner periphery holding ring 18 corresponding to the outer periphery holding ring 6a and the inner periphery holding ring 7a of the stator 2a. The rotating rotor 3a is preferably as light as possible. Therefore, the circumferential gap between the rotor cores 13a may be filled with resin, but is a space (gap) 19. Moreover, it is preferable that at least one of the rings 17a and 18a is formed of a nonmagnetic material.

  Each rotor core 13a of the rotor 3a has a structure in which the coil 12 is substantially removed from each stator core 5a, and the magnetic poles 14, 15, and 16a are thinner than the magnetic poles 9, 10, and 11a. The magnetic poles 14, 15, 16a may be provided with magnets on the surface.

  In the axial gap motor 1A having the above-described configuration, the energized phase is switched every time the rotor 3a and the stator 2a are opposed to each other by the same control as that of a known switched reluctance motor, for example. The coil 12 is energized in order, and this energization energizes the outer-diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner-diameter-side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a of the stator core 5a in the excitation phase all together, and magnetically attracts the rotor 3a and the stator 2a. The rotor 3a rotates.

  In this axial gap motor 1A, as described above, one surface of the stator 2a is a magnetic pole surface and is composed of the rotor 3a and the stator 2a. Since the stator core 5a of each phase has a split magnetic pole structure of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a, the magnetic path returning from the magnetic pole of the stator 2a through the rotor 3a to the stator 2a Of course, the outer core 9, the inner magnetic pole 10, and the intermediate magnetic pole 11 a of the stator core 5 a are energized collectively by a single coil 12 provided in the intermediate magnetic pole 11 a, which is shorter than that in the case of the configuration without division. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an exciting coil such as the coil 12 for each of the magnetic poles 9, 10 and 11 of each stator core 5a, and the number and amount (mass) of the coils of the stator 2a can be reduced to improve the assemblability. Moreover, the magnetic path of the magnetic flux generated by energization of the coil 12 is returned from the intermediate magnetic pole 11a through the rotor 3a to the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, as indicated by broken arrows b and c in FIG. It can be dispersed in a magnetic path returning from the intermediate magnetic pole 11a to the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 through the rotor 3a and spread in a two-dimensional plane.

  Therefore, in the axial gap motor 1A, the thickness of the stator 2a (yoke thickness) is reduced, and a large motor torque can be generated with a small size and light weight, and the cost is reduced. In addition, since the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is a fitting type and the coil 20 is a cassette type, the assembly of the stator 2a is easy, the manufacturing is easy, and the manufacturing cost is further reduced.

  As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 4, the coil 12 is open on one side in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the position where the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is fitted into the core body 51a is appropriately set, and the circumferential position of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is shifted with respect to the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 as shown in FIG. The coil 12 can increase the number of turns of the coil 12 (torque up) so that the magnetic pole area of the intermediate magnetic pole 11a is not narrowed by the coil 12, and the mounting thereof can be facilitated. At that time, the coil 12 wound around the intermediate magnetic pole 11a does not protrude in the circumferential direction, and the surfaces on one side in the circumferential direction of the magnetic poles 9, 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11a wound with the coil 12 are so-called “same surface”. It is also possible to match in this state.

(Second Embodiment)
A second embodiment in which the magnetic pole surfaces of the stator are both surfaces will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 is a cut side view of the axial gap motor 1B of the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2b of the axial gap motor 1B as viewed from the direction of the arrow d in FIG. FIGS. 7A and 7B are plan views of the magnetic pole back surface of the rotors 3ba and 3bb of the axial gap motor 1B as seen from the direction of the arrow d in FIG.

  As shown in these drawings, the axial gap motor 1B is disposed between two disk-shaped rotors 3ba and 3bb that are axially attached to a non-magnetic motor shaft 4b and the rotors 3ba and 3bb. The motor shaft 4b includes a disk-shaped stator 2b penetrating the center hole. The magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3ba faces the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2b, and the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3bb faces the magnetic pole surface on the back surface of the stator 2b.

(Stator 2b)
When the axial gap motor 1B is a three-phase drive and is formed by arranging magnetic poles at symmetrical positions on the front side and the back side of the stator 2b, the stator 2b has 12 wedge-shaped stator cores in the radial direction. 5b are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and in this state, the stator cores 5b are fitted between the concentric outer periphery holding ring 6b and the inner periphery holding ring 7b. At this time, each stator core 5b is disposed with a gap of 30 degrees in the circumferential direction, and forms a magnetic core of each phase in order in the circumferential direction. And in order to hold | maintain each stator core 5b in a magnetically independent state and to prevent unnecessary magnetic flux from passing through each stator core 5b, also in the case of the stator 2b, in the circumferential gap between each stator core 5b, for example, resin 8 is filled. Further, it is preferable that at least one of the rings 6b and 7b is formed of a nonmagnetic material.

  Each stator core 5 b has a divided magnetic pole structure similar to the stator core 5 a on the front and back sides, and has at least one intermediate magnetic pole 11 b between the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10. In this embodiment, there is one intermediate magnetic pole 11b between the magnetic poles 9 and 10. The intermediate magnetic pole 11b is also provided in the stator core 5b as will be described later. Further, around the front and back intermediate magnetic poles 11b, a saddle-shaped coil 20 (described later) for exciting the front and back outer diameter side magnetic poles 9, inner diameter side magnetic poles 10 and intermediate magnetic poles 11b at once is mounted.

  The magnetic flux generated by energization of the exciting phase coil 20 passes from the intermediate magnetic pole 11b to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b through the rotor 3ba or the rotor 3bb and the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, as indicated by broken arrows e to h in FIG. The return magnetic flux and the magnetic flux returning from the intermediate magnetic pole 11b to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b through the rotor 3ba or the rotor 3bb and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 are dispersed.

  FIG. 8 shows the assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b and the coil 20. FIG. 8A shows, for example, the attention core 5b of the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2b by a thick solid line, and FIG. 8B is a plan view of the front side of the attention core 5b. (C) is a perspective view of the coil 20 provided in the core 5b of interest, and (d) is an explanatory view of the assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b and the coil 20.

  In the case of the present embodiment, since both surfaces of the front and back of the stator 2b are magnetic pole surfaces, each stator core 5b includes a core body 51b having a wedge shape in plan view of the front and back formed of, for example, a dust core. The core main body 51b has a shape in which magnetic poles 9 and 10 projecting to the front side and the back side are integrally connected by a yoke portion 52b having a thickness β shown in FIG.

  An intermediate magnetic pole piece 11x having a shape connecting one side of the front and back intermediate magnetic poles 11b is inserted and assembled to the yoke part 52b so as to sandwich the yoke part 52b from one side in the circumferential direction. By this assembly, the intermediate magnetic pole 11b is provided between the magnetic poles 9 and 10 of the stator core 5b on the front and back of the stator 2b.

  The coil 20 has a substantially bowl shape, and one side in the circumferential direction (left side in the drawing) indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4C is an open state free from obstacles in the radial direction, and the stator 2b is sandwiched between the stator core 5b. The stator core 5b is provided so as to surround the front and back intermediate magnetic poles 11b.

  More specifically, the coil 20 includes the front lateral sides 20a and 20b extending in the circumferential direction between the front magnetic poles 9 and 11b, the gaps between the magnetic poles 11b and 10, and the circumferential direction of the lateral sides 20a and 20b. One end in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal side piece 20c connecting the one end of the two sides, the lateral sides 20d and 20e on the back side extending in the circumferential direction to fit in the gaps between the magnetic poles 9 and 11b on the back side, and the magnetic poles 11b and 10, and the lateral sides 20d and 20e. A vertical piece 20f that connects the two ends, a side 20g that extends in the thickness direction (motor shaft direction) of the yoke portion 52b and connects one end on the opposite side of the lateral sides 20a and 20d, and a thickness direction (motor shaft direction) of the yoke portion 52b. The cassette coil type saddle coil is formed by winding an enameled wire an appropriate number of times so as to loop around a loop of the side 20h that connects the opposite ends of the front and back horizontal sides 20b and 20e. In addition, although the corner part of each edge | side 20a-20h may be angular as shown in FIG.8 (c), what is necessary is just to make it round, when the bending R of an enamel wire is restricted. In addition, the winding start portion and the winding end portion of the coil are formed on the vertical sides 20c and 20f, for example, in consideration of the handling of the lead wires.

  At the time of assembly, the intermediate magnetic pole piece 11x is fitted inside the coil 20 in the order of the arrows in FIG. 8D, and the coil 20 is attached to the core main body 51b so that the intermediate magnetic pole piece 11x sandwiches the core main body 51b in this state. By attaching, the sides 20a to 20c and the magnetic pole 11b of the coil 20 are fitted to cover the yoke portion 52b on the front side of the stator 2b, and the sides 20d to 20f and the magnetic pole 11b are covered to the yoke portion 52b on the back side of the stator 2b. The core 5b of interest is formed by a simple operation of fitting the coil 20 and the intermediate magnetic pole piece 11x into the core body 51b. Other stator cores 5b are formed by the same simple operation. Therefore, the stator 2b can be easily assembled.

  The formed stator 2b requires the coil width of the sides 20c and 20f through which the radial enamel wire passes only on one side in the circumferential direction of the stator core 5b. Since no coil width is required on one side opposite to the circumferential direction, the magnetic pole area of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b can be increased compared to the case where the coil width is required on both sides, and the motor torque is increased.

(Rotor 3ba, 3bb)
As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the rotors 3ba and 3bb on both sides of the stator 2b have the same configuration as the rotor 3a of the first embodiment. It is formed by being arranged at equal intervals (45 degree intervals) in the direction. The rotor core 13b has outer diameter side magnetic poles 14 and inner diameter side magnetic poles 15 similar to the magnetic poles 9 and 10 at positions facing the front and rear magnetic poles 9 and 10 of the stator core 5b, and between the magnetic poles 14 and 15, the stator core 5b The magnetic pole structure has an intermediate magnetic pole 16b corresponding to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b.

  Each rotor core 13b is fitted and fixed between concentric outer peripheral holding rings 17b and inner peripheral holding rings 18b corresponding to the rings 17a and 18a of the rotor 3a in FIG. The rotating rotors 3ba and 3bb are preferably as light as possible. Therefore, also in the present embodiment, the circumferential gap between the rotor cores 13b may be filled with resin, but is a space (gap) 19. Moreover, it is preferable that at least one of the rings 17b and 18b is formed of a nonmagnetic material.

  The rotor cores 13b of the rotors 3ba and 3bb also have a structure in which the coils 20 are removed from the stator cores 5b. The thicknesses of the magnetic poles 14, 15, and 16b are thinner than those of the magnetic poles 9, 10, and 11b. The magnetic poles 14, 15, 16b may be provided with magnets on the surface.

  The axial gap motor 1B having the above-described configuration also switches the energized phase each time the rotors 3ba, 3bb and the stator 2b face each other by the same control as that of a known switched reluctance motor. The coil 20 of 11b is energized in order, and by this energization, the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b on the front and back sides of the stator core 5b in the excitation phase are energized at once, and the rotor 3ba, bb and the stator 2a The rotors 3ba and bb are rotated by the magnetic attraction action.

  In this axial gap motor 1B, both surfaces of the stator 2b are magnetic pole surfaces, and the rotors 3ba, 3bb and the stator 2b are formed on both surfaces of the stator 2b. Since the magnetic pole structure on the front and back of each stator core 5b of the stator 2b is a divided magnetic pole structure of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b, the rotors 3ba and 3bb are connected from the respective magnetic poles on the front and back of the stator 2b. Of course, the magnetic path that passes back to the stator 2b is shorter than in the case of the configuration in which the magnetic poles are not divided. Of course, the outer diameters of the front and back surfaces of the stator core 5b are reduced by the single coil 20 of the saddle coil attached to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b. Since the side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b are energized at once, the number and amount (mass) of coils required for excitation can be greatly reduced, and the assemblability can be improved. In addition, the magnetic path of the magnetic flux generated by energization of the coil 20 is shown on the outer side of the stator 2b from the intermediate magnetic pole 11b through the rotors 3ba and 3bb on the front and back sides of the stator 2b as shown by the broken arrows e to h in FIG. The magnetic path returning to the magnetic pole 9 and the magnetic path returning from the intermediate magnetic pole 11b through the rotors 3ba and 3bb to the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 can be dispersed and spread in a two-dimensional plane.

  Therefore, the axial gap motor 1B also has a thin yoke of the stator 2b, and is extremely small and light, and can generate a large motor torque. Moreover, it can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, since the intermediate magnetic pole 11b is a fitting type and the coil 20 is a cassette type, the assembly of the stator 2b is easy, the manufacturing is easy, and the manufacturing cost is further reduced.

  Further, as is apparent from FIGS. 6 and 8, the coil 20 is also open on one side in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the fitting position of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b into the core body 51b is set appropriately, and the circumferential position of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b is shifted with respect to the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 as shown in FIG. The coil 20 can increase the number of turns of the coil 20 (torque up) without facilitating the reduction of the magnetic pole area of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b, and the mounting thereof can be facilitated. At this time, the coil 20 wound around the intermediate magnetic pole 11b does not protrude in the circumferential direction, and the surface on one side in the circumferential direction of the magnetic poles 9, 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b around which the coil 20 is wound is so-called “flat”. It is also possible to adjust the state.

(Third embodiment)
A third embodiment, which is a modification of the second embodiment, will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 9 is a cut side view of the axial gap motor 1C of the present embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2c of the axial gap motor 1C as viewed from the direction of the arrow line i in FIG. 11A and 11B are plan views of the magnetic pole back surface and the magnetic pole surface of the rotors 3ca and 3cb of the axial gap motor 1C as seen from the direction of the arrow line i in FIG.

  As shown in these drawings, the axial gap motor 1C is disposed between two disk-shaped rotors 3ca and 3cb that are axially attached to a non-magnetic motor shaft 4c and spaced apart from each other, and the rotors 3ca and 3cb. The motor shaft 4c includes a disk-shaped stator 2c penetrating the center hole. The magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3ca is opposed to the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2b, and the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3cb is opposed to the magnetic pole surface on the back surface of the stator 2b.

  The rotors 3ca and 3cb and the stator 2c of the axial gap motor 1C correspond to the rotors 3ba and 3bb and the stator 2b of the axial gap motor 1B of the second embodiment, and the axial gap motor 1C is different from the axial gap motor 1B. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in the stator 2c, a lid plate-like flange plate 21 is provided on the surface of the intermediate magnetic pole 11b on the front and back of each stator core 5b. The flange plate 21 may be formed integrally with the intermediate magnetic pole 11b in advance by, for example, a dust magnetic core, or formed separately from the intermediate magnetic pole 11b and provided with the coil 20, and then adhered to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b. Also good.

  In the rotors 3ca and 3cb, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, a magnetic pole 16b corresponding to the intermediate magnetic pole 11b is extended in the outer diameter direction and the inner diameter direction in accordance with the flange plate 21. In the axial gap motor 1C of the present embodiment, the magnetic pole surfaces of the intermediate magnetic poles 11b on the front and back of the stator 2c are extended in the outer diameter direction and the inner diameter direction by the flange plate 21, and the magnetic pole area of each intermediate magnetic pole 11b is expanded. The magnetic pole area of the corresponding magnetic pole 16b of the rotors 3ca and 3cb is also enlarged, and the magnetic flux passes through the magnetic paths indicated by the broken arrow lines j to m in FIG. In this case, the axial gap motor 1 </ b> C has an advantage that the magnetic resistance is reduced and the motor torque is further increased.

(Fourth embodiment)
A fourth embodiment in which the magnetic pole surfaces of the stator are both surfaces will be described with reference to FIGS.

  12 is a cut-away side view of the axial gap motor 1D according to the present embodiment in an assembled state, and FIG. 13 is a plan view of the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2d of the axial gap motor 1D as viewed from the direction of the arrow n in FIG. 14A and 14B are plan views of the magnetic pole back surface and the magnetic pole surface of the rotors 3da and 3db of the axial gap motor 1D as viewed from the direction of the arrow line n in FIG.

  As shown in these drawings, the axial gap motor 1D is also composed of two disk-like rotors that are axially attached to the non-magnetic motor shaft 4d with a gap, like the axial gap motor 1B of the second embodiment. 3da and 3db, and a disk-shaped stator 2d disposed between the rotors 3da and 3bb and having a motor shaft 4d penetrating the center hole. The magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3da is opposed to the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2d, and the magnetic pole surface of the rotor 3db is opposed to the magnetic pole surface on the back surface of the stator 2d.

(Stator 2d)
When the axial gap motor 1D is three-phase driven, the stator 2d includes a concentric outer peripheral holding ring 6d and an inner peripheral holding ring in a state where twelve stator cores 5d having a wedge shape in the radial direction are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. 7d is inserted and formed. At this time, each stator core 5d is disposed with a gap of 30 degrees in the circumferential direction, and forms a magnetic pole core of each phase in the circumferential direction.

  Further, in the case of the axial gap motor 1D, since it is necessary to make each stator core 5d magnetically independent, for example, resin 8 is filled in the circumferential gap between the stator cores 5d. Further, at least one of the rings 6d and 7d is formed of a nonmagnetic material.

  Each stator core 5d has a divided magnetic pole structure similar to the stator core 5b of the second embodiment, and has at least one intermediate magnetic pole 11d between the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 on each of the front and back sides. In this embodiment, there is one intermediate magnetic pole 11d between the magnetic poles 9 and 10.

  In each intermediate magnetic pole 11d on the front and back sides of the stator 2d, a crank-shaped coil 22 to be described later is provided. The intermediate magnetic pole 11d of the stator core 5d on the front magnetic pole face and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d of the stator core 5d on the magnetic pole face on the back side of the adjacent stator core 5d. It is mounted so as to surround. Therefore, assuming that the three driving phases are U, V, and W, for example, the outer-side magnetic pole 9, the inner-side magnetic pole 10, and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b on the front side of each stator core 5d at intervals of 90 degrees are caused by energization of the U-phase coils 22. The U-phase magnetic poles are collectively excited as the U-phase magnetic poles. At the same time, the outer-diameter-side magnetic pole 9, the inner-diameter-side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11b on the back side of each stator core 5d adjacent to the stator core 5d are also excited as U-phase magnetic poles. The same applies to energization of the V-phase and W-phase coils 12d.

  The intermediate magnetic pole 11d and the coil 22 will be described in further detail with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 15 shows the assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11d and the coil 22. FIG. 15A shows, for example, the front magnetic pole surface of the stator 2d, and shows the core 5d of interest and the coil 22 provided on the core 5d surrounded by a solid line. . (B) is a plan view showing the core 5d and the coil 22 extracted from the solid line surrounded by the solid line in (a), (c) is a perspective view of the coil 22, and (d) is an assembly of the intermediate magnetic pole 11d and the coil 22; It is explanatory drawing.

  Since both the front and back surfaces of the stator 2d are magnetic pole surfaces, each stator core 5d includes a core body 51d having a wedge shape in a plan view of the front and back surfaces formed of, for example, a dust core. The core main body 51d has a shape in which the magnetic poles 9 and 10 protruding to the front side and the back side are integrally connected by a yoke portion 52d at the center in the radial direction.

  The coil 22 has a U-shaped plan view (viewed from the front side) surrounding the front side intermediate magnetic pole 11d of the core 5d of interest and a plan view surrounding the intermediate pole 11d on the back side of the adjacent stator core 5d in the counterclockwise direction. It was formed by winding an enameled wire an appropriate number of times so as to go around the loop of the folded portion 22c that connects the back side portion 22b of the U shape (viewed from the back side) and the front side portion 22a and the back side portion 22b. This is a cassette coil type crank-shaped coil.

  And the coil 22 is accommodated in the case recessed part of the insulator 23 of substantially the same shape. Further, an intermediate magnetic pole 11d having substantially the same shape and size as the intermediate magnetic pole 11a of the first embodiment is fitted and attached to a space portion surrounded by the front side portion 22a and the back side portion 22b of the coil 22, respectively. Furthermore, in the insulator 23 to which the intermediate magnetic pole 11d is attached, the front side portion 22a of the coil 22 is fitted into the core portion 52d on the front side of the core body 51d of the core 5d of interest. Thereafter, when each stator core 5d is disposed in the circumferential direction in this state, the back side portion 22b of the coil 22 is fitted to the core portion 52d of the core body 51d of the adjacent stator core 5.

  As a result, each of the crank-shaped coils 22 housed in the insulator 23 and having a central portion bent in the front-back direction of the stator 2d is the intermediate magnetic pole 11d on the surface side of one of the stator cores 5d of different driving phases adjacent to the stator 2d. And the other stator core 5d so as to surround the intermediate magnetic pole 11d on the other back surface side. In this case, the stator core 5d, the intermediate magnetic pole 11d, and the coil 22 can be assembled by a simple operation of fitting the coil 22 fitted with the intermediate magnetic pole 11d into the core body 52, and the assemblability is improved. As shown in FIG. 15, a circumferential groove 11dx perpendicular to the motor shaft direction is formed on the peripheral surface of the intermediate magnetic pole 11d that contacts the insulator 23, and a linear protrusion that fits in the groove 11dx is formed inside the insulator 23. A portion 23x is formed. Therefore, at the time of assembly, positioning can be easily performed by fitting the convex portion 23x into the groove 11dx, and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d can be reliably held.

  In the stator 2d formed by the above assembly, the coil 22 of each phase is energized in order, so that the front side portion 22a of the driving phase coil 22 has the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator core 5d surrounding the intermediate magnetic pole 11d. The outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d are energized at the same time, and at the same time, the rear side portion 22a of the same coil 22 surrounds the intermediate magnetic pole 11d and the outer diameter side magnetic pole of the front magnetic pole surface of the adjacent stator core 5d. 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d are energized together. As a result, the number and amount (mass) of coils necessary for excitation can be greatly reduced to improve assembly. Note that the magnetic pole positions of the driving phases on the front side and the back side of the stator 2d are shifted in the circumferential direction.

  Further, in the case of the stator 2d, the front and back sides need to have a coil width through which the radial enamel wire passes only on one side in the circumferential direction of the stator core 5d, and the coil width is unnecessary on one side of the stator core 5b that is open in the circumferential direction. As a result, the required coil width is halved compared to a structure that requires a coil width on both sides, the magnetic pole area of the intermediate magnetic pole 11d can be increased, and the motor torque is increased. In the case of the stator 2d, the front-side intermediate magnetic pole 11d and the back-side intermediate magnetic pole 11d are shifted from each other in the circumferential direction in consideration of the attachment of the coil 22 and the like.

(Rotor 3da, 3db)
As shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), the rotors 3da and 3db on both sides of the stator 2d have the same configuration as the rotor 3b of the second embodiment. Although the magnetic pole positions of the stator 2d are shifted between the front side and the back side as described above, the rotor cores of the rotor 3da are arranged in accordance with this shift. The arrangement of 13d and the arrangement of the rotor cores 13d of the rotor 3da are shifted by approximately 30 degrees.

  Each rotor core 13d of the rotor 3da has an outer diameter side magnetic pole 14 and an inner diameter side magnetic pole 15 similar to the magnetic poles 9 and 10 at positions facing the front magnetic poles 9 and 10 of the stator core 5d. Similarly, each rotor core 13d of the rotor 3db has an outer diameter side magnetic pole 14 similar to the magnetic poles 9 and 10 and an inner diameter at a position facing the magnetic poles 9 and 10 on the back side of the stator core 5d. The magnetic pole structure has a side magnetic pole 15 and an intermediate magnetic pole 16 d between the magnetic poles 14 and 15.

  The rotor cores 13d of the rotors 3da and 3db are fitted and fixed between concentric outer periphery holding rings 17d and inner periphery holding rings 18d. At this time, in order to make each rotor core 13d as light as possible and magnetically independent, the circumferential gap between the rotor cores 13d is a space (gap) 19, and at least one of the rings 16d and 17d is non- It is made of a magnetic material.

  FIGS. 16A and 16B show examples of the correspondence between the stator cores 5d on the front side and the back side of the stator 2d of the axial gap motor 1D of the present embodiment configured as described above and the excitation phases U, V, and W, respectively. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the excitation state of the axial gap motor 1D. When the U-phase coil 22 is energized, it is cut along the ZZ line in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b). Energized portions of the stator 2d and the rotors 3da and 3db are indicated by hatching (hatching).

  That is, each stator core 5d of the stator 2d and each rotor core 16d of the rotors 3da and 3db are magnetically independent. Further, as described above, the magnetic poles excited on the front side and the back side of the stator 2d are shifted in the circumferential direction. Therefore, for example, in U-phase excitation in which the U-phase coil 22 is energized, the outer-side magnetic pole 9 and the inner-side magnetic pole 10 on the front side of the stator core 5d in which the intermediate magnetic pole 11d is surrounded by the front-side portion 22a of the U-phase coil 22. And the intermediate magnetic pole 11d are energized at the same time, and at the same time, the outer side magnetic pole 9, the inner side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole on the back side of the stator core 5d in which the back side part 22a of the U-phase coil 22 is surrounded by the back side intermediate magnetic pole 11d. 11d is excited all at once. The same applies to V-phase and W-phase excitation in which the V-phase and W-phase coils 22 are energized.

  In this case, the front and back magnetic pole structures of the stator core 5d of the stator 2d are divided magnetic pole structures of the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d, so that the rotors 3da and 3db are connected from the front and rear magnetic poles of the stator 2d. Of course, the magnetic path that passes through and returns to the stator 2d is shorter than in the case of the configuration in which the magnetic poles are not divided. Of course, the stator core is formed by a single coil 22 that is mounted across the intermediate magnetic pole 11d on the front side and the back side of the adjacent stator core 5d. Since the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9, the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 and the intermediate magnetic pole 11d on both the front and back surfaces of 5b are energized at once, the number and amount (mass) of coils necessary for excitation are greatly reduced and the assemblability is improved. Can be improved.

  Further, the magnetic path of the magnetic flux generated by energizing the exciting phase coil 22 passes from the intermediate magnetic pole 11d to the rotors 3da and 3db on the front and back sides of the stator 2b, as indicated by broken arrow lines p to s in FIG. The magnetic path returning to the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the magnetic path returning from the intermediate magnetic pole 11d to the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10 through the rotors 3da and 3db can be spread in a two-dimensional plane. Moreover, the stator core 5d that forms the magnetic path of the magnetic flux on the magnetic pole surface on the front side of the stator 2d is different from the stator core 5d that forms the magnetic path of the magnetic flux on the magnetic pole surface on the back side of the stator 2d at the same time. The magnetic flux passes through each stator core 5d at different timings. Therefore, the thickness of each stator core 5d can be made thinner than when the magnetic fluxes on the front and back sides of the stator 2d pass at the same timing. Therefore, the stator 2d can be made extremely thin and the motor torque can be increased.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, in each of the motors 1A to 1D, The number of stator cores 5a, 5b, 5d and rotor cores 13a, 13b, 13d is not limited to 12 and 8, respectively. Also, the number of drive phases is not limited to three.

  Next, there may be two or more intermediate magnetic poles 11a, 11b, 11d between the outer diameter side magnetic pole 9 and the inner diameter side magnetic pole 10, and in this case, the coils 12, 20, 22 are intermediate magnetic poles 11a, 11b, What is necessary is just to provide every 11d.

  Next, the stator cores 5a, 5b, and 5c do not have to be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the stators 2a to 2c, and at least one set of driving phase stator cores 5a to 5d is arranged on the stators 2a to 2d in the circumferential direction. Just set up. At that time, for example, in the case of three-phase driving, at least one set of three stator cores for each of U, V, and W may be prepared and arranged at intervals of 30 degrees or 120 degrees.

  Next, the shapes of the coils 12, 20, and 22 are not limited to those of the embodiments, and any support (holding) means for the cores 5a to 5d and the coils 12, 20, and 22 can be used. Good.

  The present invention can be applied to axial gap motors for various uses such as drive motors for electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.

1A to 1D Axial gap motor 2a to 2d Stator 3a, 3ba, 3bb, 3ca, 3cb, 3da, 3db Rotor 5a, 5b, 5d Stator core 9 Outer diameter side magnetic pole 10 Inner diameter side magnetic pole 11a, 11b, 11d Intermediate magnetic pole 12, 20, 22 Coil 16a, 16b, 16d Rotor core

Claims (5)

A stator in which at least one of both front and back surfaces is a magnetic pole surface;
A magnetic pole surface having a rotor facing the magnetic pole surface of the stator,
The stator is formed by disposing a wedge-shaped stator core in a circumferential direction in a radial direction of a split magnetic pole structure having at least one intermediate magnetic pole between an outer diameter side magnetic pole and an inner diameter side magnetic pole,
The axial gap motor, wherein the outer diameter side magnetic pole, the inner diameter side magnetic pole, and the intermediate magnetic pole are excited together by a coil of the intermediate magnetic pole. The axial gap motor according to claim 1,
Both the front and back surfaces of the stator are magnetic pole surfaces,
The axial gap motor according to claim 1, wherein the coil has a substantially bowl shape and is provided on the stator core so as to surround the intermediate magnetic poles on the front and back sides. The axial gap motor according to claim 1,
The stator is formed on both sides of the magnetic pole surface,
The coil has a crank shape whose central portion is bent in the front and back direction of the stator, and surrounds the intermediate magnetic pole on one surface side of the stator core adjacent to the stator and the intermediate magnetic pole on the other back surface side. The axial gap motor is provided across the adjacent different stator cores. In the axial gap motor in any one of Claims 1-3,
The axial gap motor is characterized in that the intermediate magnetic pole is displaced in the circumferential direction from the outer diameter side magnetic pole and the inner diameter side magnetic pole. In the axial gap motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The stator is disposed in the circumferential direction with each stator core being magnetically independent,
In the axial gap motor, the rotor is arranged in a circumferential direction with each rotor core being magnetically independent.

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