JP2011237070A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion device having excellent combustion efficiency and high environmental friendliness, and generating high-quality carbide.SOLUTION: This combustion device includes an exhaust hole 6, and an input hole 16 communicating with a material input part 2 in upper walls 1a, 1b of a wall part surrounding the inside of a furnace body, and includes a grate 11 vertically separating the inside of the furnace body, and burners 30, 31 are respectively installed in spaces Sa, Sb above and below the grate. An exhaust part 3 has a cylindrical shape having a flue 24 thereinside surrounded by a peripheral wall 3a, and nearly perpendicularly rises from the furnace body 1 upper wall 1b. An air supply part 4 is installed along the flue 24 inside the exhaust part 3, and has an air passage 25a separated from the flue 24 by a partition 4a. The air passage 25a has: an outside air intake port 33 communicating with the outside of the exhaust part 3; and an air blowing port 34 blowing outside air taken in from the outside air intake port 33 into the vicinity of the grate 11. The partition 4a is formed with a large number of spout holes 23 blowing off the outside air toward the flue 24.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that obtains carbide by fueling a material.

  As a combustion apparatus that uses firewood and wood pellets as a combustion material, there is a thing of JP 2000-160166 A, this combustion apparatus sends outside air into the furnace body using a sending means installed outside, The material was burned with a burner from the inside of the furnace body, and the material was incinerated.

      JP 2000-160166 A

However, in what is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-160166, the structure is such that the intake of outside air into the furnace body only communicates with the wall of the furnace body. However, although it functions as a waste processing apparatus, the present situation is that the carbide obtained after combustion is discarded as it is, and therefore, a means for obtaining a high-quality carbide applicable to various materials is being sought.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion apparatus that has good combustion efficiency, high environmental performance, and can produce high-quality carbides.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a furnace body, a material charging section, an exhaust section, and an air supply section, and the furnace body is made of a material on an upper wall of a wall portion surrounding the furnace body. A charging hole that communicates with the charging part and an exhaust hole that communicates with the exhaust part are provided, and has a rooster that separates the interior of the furnace body up and down, and a burner is attached to each of the upper and lower spaces separated by the rooster. The charging unit has a cylindrical shape having a conveyance path for conveying the material into the furnace body, the cylindrical one side opening serves as a material charging port communicating with the conveyance path, and the other side opening serves as the furnace body charging hole. The exhaust part has a cylindrical shape with a flue inside surrounded by a peripheral wall, and stands up almost vertically from the upper wall of the furnace body and communicates the flue to the exhaust hole. Is attached along the flue in the exhaust part, and has an air passage separated from the flue by a partition, and the air passage is located outside the exhaust part. It has an outside air inlet that leads to it, and an air outlet that blows outside air taken in from the outside air inlet near the rooster, and the partition wall has a number of ejection holes that blow outside air toward the flue. To do.

  In the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, the air supply section includes a plurality of air nozzles that communicate with the air blowing ports and send outside air into the furnace body in substantially the same plane. It is characterized by protruding obliquely downward while being curved.

  The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that a cooling part is attached to the outer periphery of the material charging part and the exhaust part, and each cooling part is adjacent to the upper part of the furnace body.

  According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, the material fed into the furnace body through the conveying path of the material charging unit is fed from the blower by being heated by the exhaust heat in the air supply unit. As the outside air is heated, the temperature inside the furnace body is not lowered by sending the outside air into the furnace body from the air blowing port while blowing the outside air into the flue of the exhaust section. In addition, when the burner is burned, outside air is not efficiently sent from the material charging unit to the material transported onto the rooster, causing incomplete combustion, increasing the combustion efficiency, and increasing the Exhaust air that is harmful to the outside of the furnace body due to the outside air ejected from the ejection hole into the flue is reduced, and an environment-friendly combustion apparatus can be provided. In addition, since the combustion efficiency is high and it is difficult for the debris of the material to remain, clogging inside the furnace body is reduced and high maintainability can be expected. And in the furnace body after combustion, good quality carbides with very few impurities are generated.

  According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, the plurality of blower nozzles are arranged on the same plane on the blower side of the air supply unit, and thus are sent from the blower opening through the curved blower passage. The outside air spreads throughout the furnace body and efficient combustion is performed.

  According to the invention described in claim 3 of the present invention, since the cooling part is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the material charging part and the exhaust part, the furnace body wall part does not have excessive heat and has a failure or the like. Generation can be suppressed, and stable and long-term operation of the furnace body can be achieved.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combustion apparatus by this implementation. (A) is a top view of the combustion apparatus by this implementation, (b) is the AA line cross-sectional view in FIG. (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which expands and shows a part about the effect | action of the air supply part in the furnace body at the time of combustion, (b) expands the ventilation side to the furnace body inside an air supply part. It is a cross-sectional view shown. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which expanded a part which shows the effect | action of the air supply part in the exhaust path of an exhaust part. It is a perspective view of the furnace body, material input part, and exhaust part which comprise the combustion apparatus which shows other embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustion apparatus completed by assembling the furnace body, the material charging section, the exhaust section, and other components of FIG. 5.

Embodiments of a combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a furnace body 1, a material input portion 2 for introducing a rubber chip (material) 9 into the furnace body 1, a combustion gas generated inside the furnace body after combustion, and It consists of an exhaust section 3 for exhausting unburned gas, an air supply section 4 for sending outside air into the furnace body, and cooling sections 5a and 5b.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (a) and 2 (b), the furnace body 1 is placed inside the furnace body by wall portions (upper walls 1a, 1b, side walls 1c) formed of a heat-resistant material such as iron or stainless steel. The rubber chip (material) 9 has a substantially rectangular shape for forming spaces Sa and Sb for burning. Moreover, the inside of a furnace body is divided up and down by the rooster 11 mentioned later, and a 1st burner (burner) is provided in the furnace body 1 side wall 1c facing the upper combustion space (space) Sa inside the furnace body which separated the rooster 11. 30 is attached, and a second burner (burner) 31 is attached to the side wall 1c of the furnace body 1 facing the lower combustion space (space) Sb inside the furnace body across the rooster 11. In addition, an exhaust hole 6 is provided substantially at the center of the upper wall 1 a constituting the furnace body 1. A flange receiver 21a is provided on the outer peripheral side of the upper wall 1a of the exhaust hole 6. The flange receiver 21a abuts on the flange 21 on the exhaust part 3 side and is fixed with bolts 22 as will be described later. is there. Further, a slope 8 inclined downward toward the inside of the furnace body is provided on the side communicating with the material input section 2 inside the furnace body, so that the rubber chip 9 introduced into the material input section 2 is connected to the slope 8. The rubber chips 9 are always allowed to flow downward along the surface, and the rubber chips 9 are smoothly put into the furnace body. Further, the slope 8 and the inner peripheral side of the side wall of the furnace body 1 (side facing the inside of the furnace body) are surrounded by the refractory brick 10, and when burned by the first burner 30 and the second burner 31, The combustion effect inside the furnace body is enhanced by radiant heat. Further, on the upper end surface of the refractory brick 10 stacked along the inner peripheral side of the furnace body 1 side wall 1c, a rooster 11 is arranged on the material input port 2 side at a position where the spaces Sa and Sb surrounded by the refractory brick 10 are vertically blocked. At the same time, an iron plate 12 is disposed on the same plane as the rooster 11 on the side of the rooster 11 that communicates with the exhaust section 3, and the furnace body is vertically separated. Further, the side wall 1c located on the exhaust hole 6 side of the furnace body 1 is provided with a door 39 for taking out the carbide 32 generated after the combustion of the rubber chip 9, and this door 39 is connected to the side wall 1c of the furnace body 1c. It opens and closes around the vertical axis at the outer periphery, and opens or closes the spaces Sa and Sb inside the furnace body.

  The material charging portion 2 has a substantially rectangular cylindrical shape with a cross section having a conveying path 13 on the inner peripheral side, and has a flange 15 on the outer peripheral wall on one side in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder. The furnace body 1 and the material charging part 2 are fastened with bolts 18 according to the flange receiving parts 17 provided on the outer peripheral part of the charging hole 16 provided in the inclined wall part (upper wall) 1b constituting the furnace body 1. Are fixed. In addition, the material charging part 2 is set to have substantially the same inclination angle as the inclination of the slope 8 inside the furnace body by being fixed to the inclined wall part 1 b of the furnace body 1. The upper end of the material charging unit 2 serves as a loading port 19 for the rubber chip 9, and the loading port 19 is used by opening and closing an opening / closing lid 20 that is pivotally supported around the vertical axis on the end surface of the peripheral wall surrounding the conveyance path 13. It is sometimes open and closed when not in use.

  The exhaust part 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular cylindrical shape in cross section, similar to the material input part 2 described above, and is fixed substantially perpendicularly to the upper wall 1a of the furnace body 1, and below the cylinder in the exhaust part 3 A flange 21 is provided at the opening, and this flange 21 is brought into contact with a flange receiver 21a provided on the upper wall 1a of the furnace body 1 to communicate with the spaces Sa and Sb inside the furnace body. Fix it.

  As described above, the air supply unit 4 is in the form of a pipe disposed on the inner peripheral side of the exhaust unit 3 along the exhaust unit 3 standing substantially vertically, and the upper side of the pipe serving as an intake port for outside air. The opening bends approximately 90 ° and penetrates through the peripheral wall 3a of the exhaust part 3 to communicate with the outside of the furnace body 1. On the other hand, the lower opening of the pipe serving as the air blowing side to the inside of the furnace body is a rooster installed inside the furnace body. 11 is located above. Further, the peripheral wall of the air supply unit 4 is provided with a large number of ejection holes 23 having a diameter of about 4 to 5 mm, and when the outside air is taken in by the air supply unit 4, each of the above-mentioned ejections is performed as shown in FIG. Outside air is sent from the hole 23 to the entire flue 24 of the exhaust part 3. As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), on the air blowing side below the air supply unit 4, there are three locations at intervals of approximately 120 °, in a direction away from the peripheral wall of the air supply unit 4 and obliquely downward. It has the ventilation nozzle 25 which protrudes. Further, each blower nozzle 25 is curved in a gentle semicircular arc shape, and the blower port 34 is narrowed by narrowing the diameter of the tip of the blower nozzle 25. Thereby, the outside air taken in from the blower (outside air intake port) 33 can be diffused from the blowing port 34 through the curved air passages 25a, and the outside air can be sent into the entire spaces Sa and Sb inside the furnace body. In the air supply unit 4 according to the present embodiment, the blower 33 is attached as a means for taking in outside air. However, the blower 33 is not attached, and one side of the air supply unit 4 is simply opened, and natural air supply is provided inside the furnace body. You may send in outside air.

  The cooling parts 5a and 5b are formed in a hollow shape capable of storing water therein, and are attached to the material charging part 2 and the exhaust part 3 so as to surround the outer periphery. And what is attached to the material charging unit 2 (hereinafter referred to as the charging unit side cooling unit 5a) is arranged over the entire circumference in a state of covering a portion close to the furnace body 1 on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall of the material charging unit 2, Moreover, what is attached to the exhaust part 3 (hereinafter referred to as the exhaust part side cooling part 5b) is installed on the inclined wall part 1b of the furnace body 1 via a pedestal 26, and the furnace body 1 of the outer peripheral wall 3a of the exhaust part 3 It is arrange | positioned over the perimeter in the state which covers the part close to. Further, a water supply port 27 is provided on the peripheral wall of the exhaust unit side cooling unit 5b, and a drain port 28 is provided on the peripheral wall of the charging unit side cooling unit 5a, and is accommodated in both the cooling units 5a and 5b. The water can be changed. In addition, the charging section side cooling section 5a and the exhaust section cooling section 5b are connected by a flexible pipe 29 that can be freely deformed. With this, if water is supplied from the water supply port 27, the charging section side cooling section 5a and It is formed so that water can be supplied to both the exhaust part side cooling part 5b and both water can be drained if the drain port 28 is opened.

Next, the combustion state of the combustion apparatus according to this embodiment will be described.
As a first procedure, the opening / closing lid 20 of the material loading unit 2 is opened and the rubber chip 9 is loaded into the conveyance path 13. And the 1st burner 30 and the 2nd burner 31 which are installed in the furnace body 1 are each ignited.
As the second procedure, when the combustion of the first burner 30 and the second burner 31 can be confirmed in the first procedure described above, the opening / closing lid 20 of the material charging unit 2 is opened, and the rubber chip 9 is loaded into the conveyance path 13. It is confirmed that the combustion of the rubber chip 9 in the vicinity of the first burner 30 is continuously performed. And the rubber chip 9 thrown into the conveyance path 13 is gradually burned from the one close to the furnace interior Sa, and the carbide 32 after the combustion is above the fence-like rooster 11 disposed in the furnace interior Sa. Falls little by little. At this time, if the rubber chip 9 falls with incomplete combustion, the process proceeds to the next procedure (third procedure).
As a third procedure, the blower 33 installed outside the air supply unit 4 is started, and outside air is sent into the spaces Sa and Sb inside the furnace body.
By passing through the above procedure, the rubber chip 9 conveyed by the conveyance path 13 of the material input part 2 and sent to the upper combustion space Sa is burned and carbonized, and taken out from the outlet under the rooster 11 inside the furnace body. Thus, high quality carbide can be obtained.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment in terms of the shape and size of the furnace body 1, the material input unit 2, the exhaust unit 3, the air supply unit 4, and the cooling unit 5. In addition, the air supply unit 4 may have a shape other than the pipe shape of the above-described embodiment (for example, the flue 24 of the exhaust unit 3 may be a wall part) as long as it can send outside air into the exhaust unit 3 and the furnace body. Or the like that forms a flow path of outside air partitioned and taken in). Moreover, although the rubber chip 9 was mentioned in this embodiment as the material 9, it may be wood waste material, garbage, etc., and if it has flammability and can produce | generate a carbide | carbonized_material, it will not specifically limit.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, it is divided into three components, a furnace body 51, a material input part (cooling part 54 a) 52, and an exhaust part 53 (cooling part 54 b). The flanges 57 to 62 are combined and fixed with bolts 75 and 76.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, flanges 57 to 25 are formed by bending or welding the end portions of the upper portion of the furnace body 51, the lower end of the material charging portion 52, and the lower end of the exhaust portion 53 (cooling portion 54 b). 62 is attached. Further, the flanges 57 to 62 are respectively provided with bolt holes 64 to 69, and the flange 59 provided at the lower end of the material charging part 52 is aligned with the flange 57 provided in an inclined shape of the furnace body 51. And the flange 58 provided at the lower end of the exhaust part 53 (cooling part 54b) is combined with the flange 58 provided substantially horizontally in the furnace body 51 and fastened with the bolt 76. As shown in FIG. 6, a combustion apparatus is formed in which the inside of the furnace body, the flue, and the material input part 52 conveyance path communicate with each other through the input port 70 and the exhaust port 71. Further, the cooling part 54a on the material charging part 52 side and the cooling part 54b on the exhaust part 53 side are communicated with each other by a pipe 79, so that when water is injected into one cooling part 54a, 54b, the other cooling part 54a and 54b can be injected together, and drainage can be performed on the other cooling part 54a and 54b by opening one cooling part 54a and 54b. Further, in the combustion apparatus according to the present embodiment, since each constituent part is the combination of the flanges 53 to 62, the material charging part 52 and the exhaust part 53 can be removed from the furnace body 51, and the inside of the furnace body is easy to open. Therefore, replacement of the rooster 55 and maintenance of the refractory brick 56 can be easily performed.
In FIG. 5, the air supply unit 73, the burners 77 and 78, the blower 74, and the like are omitted. However, the flanges 57 to 62 are assembled by attaching the air supply unit 73 and the burners 77 and 78 in advance. They may be fastened with bolts 75 and 76 (see FIG. 6). Reference numeral 80 denotes an open / close lid that opens and closes the input port 72 of the material input unit 52.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,51 Furnace body 2,52 Material input part 3,53 Exhaust part 4,73 Air supply part 4a Partition wall 5a, 54a Input part side cooling part (cooling part)
5b, 54b Exhaust section side cooling section (cooling section)
6 Exhaust hole 9 Rubber chip (material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Rostor 13 Conveyance path 16 Injection hole 19 Input opening 23 Ejection hole 24 Flue 25 Blowing nozzle 25a Blowing path 30 1st burner (burner)
31 Second burner (burner)
33 Blower (outside air inlet)
34 Blower 77, 78 Burner Sa Upper combustion space (space)
Sb Lower combustion space (space)

Claims (3)

A furnace body, a material input unit, an exhaust unit, and an air supply unit;
The furnace body is provided with a charging hole that communicates with the material charging part and an exhaust hole that communicates with the exhaust part on the upper wall of the wall part surrounding the furnace body, and has a rooster that separates the interior of the furnace body vertically. Burners are attached to the space above and below,
The material charging part has a cylindrical shape having a conveyance path for conveying the material into the furnace body, the cylindrical one side opening serves as a material charging hole communicating with the conveyance path, and the other side opening corresponds to the furnace body charging hole. And
The exhaust part has a cylindrical shape with a flue inside surrounded by the peripheral wall, and stands up almost vertically from the upper wall of the furnace body and communicates the flue to the exhaust hole,
The air supply part is attached along the flue in the exhaust part, and has an air passage separated from the flue by a partition, and the air passage is connected to the outside air inlet leading to the outside of the exhaust part and the outside air inlet. A combustion apparatus characterized by having a blowing port for blowing the outside air taken into the vicinity of the rooster, and a plurality of injection holes for blowing outside air toward the flue in the partition wall. The air supply unit is provided with a plurality of air nozzles that communicate with the air blowing ports and send outside air into the furnace body in substantially the same plane, and that each air nozzle protrudes obliquely downward while being curved. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cooling part is attached to the outer periphery of the material charging part and the exhaust part, and each cooling part is adjacent to the upper part of the furnace body.

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