JP2011236882A - Method for combustion of fuel direct injection internal combustion engine, and direct injection compression ignition internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a knocking problem by forming a fuel-mixed air group in a cylinder central axial region by improving a matching condition of in-cylinder air and an injection fuel group by using a new fuel direct injection combustion method, and to achieve the improvement of machine heat efficiency and low environmental pollution by reducing a loss of an air supply pump by using a constitution of a layered air-supply combustion method.SOLUTION: A fuel injection valve 7 is arranged at an upper part in a conical cylindrical combustion part 6 which is arranged substantially in the center of a cylinder head, and a fuel spray group 13 which injects fuel toward the center of a lower piston face 12 is dividedly injected as a narrow-angled annular spray group via the conical cylindrical combustion part. The mixture, the evaporation and activation of the fuel caused by the contact of the fuel group and air resulting from the flying-time elongation of the injection fuel group and the utilization of air in the cylinder center are progressed, and the arrival of the fuel to a cylinder wall is prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to a combustion technique for an internal combustion engine.

Internal combustion engines such as gasoline and diesel engines that have played an active role in the creation of civilized societies are consuming the earth's resources at the same time as great convenience, and recently, to protect earth resources and prevent air pollution and global warming. In addition, the development of highly efficient combustion technology with less CO ₂ and energy saving and low pollution technology is urgently required as an international issue.

However, both the current spark ignition gasoline engine that obtains power by combustion reaction with petroleum-based or hydroxide-based fuel and the diesel engine by compression ignition give priority to the existing concept and production technology, and the development of combustion technology is delayed. Therefore, drastic technological reform by new combustion technology is necessary.
The present invention presents specific reform techniques.

Reference paper

SAE Technical Report 871689
SAE Technical Report 940667
Automobile Engineering Society Academic Lecture Preprint No. 114-08-2008 Nagoya Autumn Meeting (Shin Matsuoka)
JP-A-62-139921

In the EFI system represented by a gasoline automobile engine, the fuel is supplied to the end region of the combustion chamber together with the intake air, so that an end gas knocking phenomenon due to this cannot be avoided. Therefore, in the EFI system, the increase in the compression ratio is limited by knocking, and the fuel consumption rate is greatly impaired due to the pump loss due to the necessity to throttle the intake air during light load operation.

The direct-injection diesel engine, which is used as a power source with high thermal efficiency, is based on a combustion system that diffuses spray from the center of the combustion chamber into the piston cavity with a multi-hole nozzle. However, in this method of injecting fuel from the center of the cylinder toward the end of the combustion chamber with multiple injection holes, the air utilization rate in the center of the cylinder is inevitably low, and piston combustion is performed. The piston heat load is increased by the simultaneous combustion reaction in the chamber end region.

In addition, in the multi-hole diffusion combustion, the fuel jet group from each nozzle hole inevitably reacts with the preceding group in the piston end region, and the subsequent jet group used oxygen due to the combustion reaction of the preceding fuel. Since it enters into a high-temperature oxygen-deficient atmosphere and burns, a cause of carbonization dust generation due to fumigation combustion of the following fuel group inevitably occurs. In addition, the engine becomes heavier and expensive because of the simultaneous reaction in the multi-hole combustion zone, the rapid increase in combustion pressure, and the need to increase the rigidity of the engine as a measure against piston heat load.

In the conventional spray-diffusion combustion method using a multi-hole nozzle, fumigation inevitably progresses due to a reaction in a hot atmosphere reduced in oxygen due to the characteristic that the subsequent portion of the injected fuel flow follows the same route as the preceding fuel jet. become. Therefore, the problem to be solved by the current direct injection diesel engine is that the carbonization dust in the exhaust gas and the treatment of PM2 · 5 must depend on the aftertreatment technology. Even now, these exhaust soot and NOx reduction problems remain difficult to solve.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to form a fuel mixture group in the cylinder central axis region by improving the matching condition between the cylinder air and the injected fuel group by the new fuel direct injection combustion method, The fuel direct injection system that increases the utilization rate suppresses the fuel from reaching the cylinder wall and solves the knocking problem. The structure of the stratified charge air combustion system reduces the charge pump loss and improves the engine thermal efficiency and lower pollution. The purpose is to make it easier.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a direct injection spark ignition type internal combustion engine having a conical cylindrical combustion portion in a substantially central region of a cylinder head portion, and a fuel spray from a fuel injection valve on the upper portion to a central region of the cylinder. The time system conditions for causing the group to fly through the combustion chamber are configured by a nozzle capable of forming a conical combustion part and a narrow angle annular spray group, and the fuel group and air by extending the flight time of the injected fuel group and using the air in the center of the cylinder It is characterized by promoting the mixing, vaporization and activation of fuel by contact.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the direct injection internal combustion engine according to the first aspect uses an injection method for supplying a fuel spray group to the center of a cylinder. By matching the conditions according to the fuel injection rules and forming uniform flame propagation combustion conditions, the combustion period is shortened, and the knocking phenomenon caused by the end region fuel is eliminated by the configuration of the fuel direct injection stratified charge condition It features high efficiency and low pollution in the entire engine load range by adopting a high compression ratio and reducing intake throttle pump loss by the stratified charge combustion system of the fuel group.

In the direct injection diesel engine according to the third aspect of the present invention, the air utilization factor in the cylinder center region common to the multi-hole diffusion injection diesel combustion system is insufficient, and the subsequent fuel of the jet is the preceding fuel. As a means to improve the fumigation combustion problem of the following fuel group which inevitably progresses by forced to carry out the polymerization combustion in the end region of high temperature oxygen deficiency due to the combustion reaction of the preceding fuel A new fuel injection combustion method that drastically improves the air utilization rate and fuel vaporization and mixing conditions, which are problems of diffusion combustion, and can solve the problem of PM and soot generation due to oxygen shortage and fumigation combustion in the combustion reaction zone Presenting diesel engine combustion technology.

According to the combustion system of a direct fuel injection spark ignition internal combustion engine according to claim 1 of the present invention, the spark ignition system EFI system and the multi-injection system are matched by matching the conical cylindrical combustion part and the narrow angle annular split injection condition of the fuel group. Since the phenomenon of knocking due to end-region fuel that cannot be avoided with the wide-angle diffusion combustion method is solved, a high compression ratio can be adopted, and the thermal efficiency of the engine can be increased.

Further, the fuel efficiency in the full engine load range is improved by the synergistic effect that the pump loss due to the throttle action is reduced by the high compression ratio by the knocking suppression effect and the stratified charge combustion system as described in claim 2. It is effective in reducing the weight and reliability of the engine, reducing pollution and reducing costs.

Even in the direct-injection diesel combustion system, the high utilization of the high power and exhaust after-treatment technology required for ultra-high pressure injection are not required due to the configuration of the diffusion flame combustion conditions starting from the central region by increasing the air utilization rate in the central region of the combustion chamber. The purpose of increasing the utilization rate of air in the center of the cylinder by the combustion chamber structure and the narrow angle annular split injection mode of the fuel group is realized by matching the fuel injection control conditions with the combustion chamber structure, and with the improvement of the combustion system, with the improvement of the specific output The effects of reducing the harmful exhaust components, reducing the weight of the engine, and improving the global environment and reducing resource consumption by disclosing the basic combustion technology of the high thermal efficiency diesel engine with reduced exhaust soot and NOx are enormous.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The fuel direct injection internal combustion engine of the present embodiment includes an engine main body 1, a cylinder-2, a cylinder-head 3, an air supply passage 4, an exhaust passage 5, a combustion portion 6, a fuel injection valve 7, an electronic fuel control portion 8, and a landing gear. A fire source 9, a piston 10, a nozzle 11, and a disk-shaped piston volume part 12 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion section 6 formed in the substantially central region of the cylinder-head 3 is configured in a conical cylinder shape, and the fuel injection valve 7 is positioned on the upper portion so as to extend the distance from the piston 10. An ignition source 9 is provided in the vicinity of the injection valve.

The fuel group injected into the cylinder 2 from the injection valve 7 into the central region of the cylinder 2 via the inside from the upper part of the conical cylindrical combustion part 6 is configured as a narrow angle annular spray group as shown in A, and is a piston. This is a mechanism in which fuel is injected in ten directions in accordance with the engine load in ten directions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the injection flight distance of the fuel group is extended to the structure of the conical cylindrical combustion section 6 and the center area of the cylinder-2, and the vaporization and mixing are activated by contacting the air utilization rate and the fuel group in the center area of the cylinder. According to the configuration that promotes the above condition, the fuel density is inevitably high in the combustion part and the cylinder central region, and the stratified charge combustion condition that suppresses fuel diffusion is configured in the cylinder wall and the peripheral end region. .

Therefore, the knocking phenomenon caused by the end-region fuel, which could not be solved by the existing method of supplying the fuel into the intake air by EFI and premixed vaporization, is solved. For this reason, it is possible to adopt a high compression ratio that is advantageous for thermal efficiency, and fuel efficiency is greatly improved due to the synergistic effect of stratified charge combustion that can reduce pump loss due to the intake throttle during low load driving, which is frequently used by automobile engines. Is done.

Next, the difference between the compression ignition combustion system by the direct fuel injection system and the conventional multi-hole diffusion direct injection diesel combustion system will be described.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the conventional system in which a multi-injection nozzle is arranged at the center of the combustion chamber and the fuel is diffused and injected through the multi-injection holes toward the end of the combustion chamber, the fuel injection pressure is increased to a very high pressure and the nozzle has a small diameter and multiple injections. The physical conditions until the liquid fuel group reaches the end of the combustion chamber and reacts at the same time even when it is made porous (the combustion reaction starts from the outside where the liquid fuel in the high temperature atmosphere is exposed to the high temperature) do not change, and the multi-end region simultaneous reaction Due to the rapid pressure increase rate caused by the above, the direct injection diesel engine is heavy because it is necessary to increase its rigidity, which is disadvantageous to the production cost, and it is difficult to solve together with the exhaust dust problem due to NOx and soot combustion.

Although this problem has been improved by the pilot split injection technology of the recently injected fuel group, the end-point diffusive combustion method using the multi-hole nozzle of the direct injection diesel is basically the cylinder-center region "Fig. The phenomenon that the front and rear fuel groups react in a polymerizing manner is difficult to improve due to the low air utilization rate of 4 ”and the fact that the front and rear fuel groups in the jet group reach the end region at the same route. Subsequent fuel groups injected and burned into a high-pressure and high-temperature thermal atmosphere have a low air encounter condition in the thermal atmosphere both at the end and in the middle, and the fuel particle vaporization activation condition is disadvantageous.

Due to this characteristic, which is disadvantageous to the combustion conditions of the subsequent fuel, fuel fumigation inside the jet cannot be prevented, and the rapid pressure increase rate close to knocking caused by ignition delay or simultaneous reaction has been improved by the split injection technique. The current direct injection diesel combustion method based on the multi-hole diffusion combustion method cannot improve the air utilization rate and the cause of carbonization, and it is overly formed in the end of the piston combustion volume. Large air flow conditions are required to introduce air to promote the combustion reaction of the fuel group, and the engine cost will be higher due to the supercharging technology using the exhaust turbine.

Therefore, in order to improve the function of the direct injection diesel, to reduce pollution and to reduce the price, first, the fuel is diffused and injected into the multi-end region of the piston combustion chamber from the multi-hole nozzle which is the basis of the direct injection diesel engine. It is necessary to change the method and change the mixing condition of the fuel and air that governs combustion and the combustion chamber configuration. It is necessary to increase the rigidity and the price of the diesel engine due to the complex structure of the engine due to the pressure increase rate due to the simultaneous polymerization reaction of the fuel jet group in each reach area and the measures to reduce exhaust pollution It becomes high and thermal efficiency is also limited.

In this direct injection diesel combustion system, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a conical cylindrical combustion portion 6 is provided at a substantially central portion of the cylinder head 3, and an upper fuel injection valve 7 is connected between the piston 10 in the cylinder 2. The fuel injection group is injected into the fuel injection group, and the fuel injection control unit 8 performs the action of injecting the fuel injection group into the piston 10 in a multi-divided manner by the nozzle 11 as shown in FIG. It is.

According to such a fuel injection condition, as shown in FIG. 4, the air utilization rate in the central region of the cylinder and the vicinity of the nozzle 16 produced by the conventional multi-hole diffusion system is improved, and the conventional multi-hole diffusion nozzle is used. It is possible to improve the cause of the streak and carbonized dust generated by the characteristic adverse effects of the polymerization reaction of the subsequent fuel group following the jet flow and the reaction.

In other words, in addition to the effect of extending the fuel flight distance and time due to the configuration of the conical cylindrical combustion section 6, the alignment with the narrow-angle annular divided spray group of the nozzle 11 makes it possible to perform early fuel injection with less reliance on air flow such as swirl. The configuration of the premixed vaporization conditions of the fuel group can be made flexible, and the diffusion of fuel can be suppressed in the end region of the cylinder-2, so that the occurrence of knocking can be controlled to achieve a high compression ratio.

In particular, the effect of promoting the vaporization and mixing activation conditions of the fuel spray group by the conical cylindrical combustion part 6 and the flight distance extension of the fuel group by the narrow-angle annular divided injection of fuel is remarkable in suppressing the generation factor of carbonized dust and PM2.5. It will help to reduce engine costs as well as reduce post-processing costs.

Separate the gap between the fuel injection nozzle and the piston to promote vaporization and mixing of the injected fuel group and combustion conditions to suppress the lateral inertia of the spray flow, and to develop a layered development of the rich mixture group in the central axis of the combustion chamber The stratified charge combustion mode of the internal combustion engine, which is configured to control the fuel reaching the end region, is constructed by matching the combustion chamber configuration of the combustion chamber volume and the fuel spray rule.

Matching the fuel spray diffusion conditions with the combustion chamber is indispensable to realize the layered charge combustion system that enables the construction of ideal combustion conditions that can improve the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine and reduce the pollution of exhaust. is there. The fuel injection nozzle that diffuses and expands with multiple injection holes, regardless of how fine the injection holes are made using the machining technology, or the ultra-high pressure injection technology, cannot avoid the combustion polymerization reaction in the same end region. Fumigation combustion and carbonization dust control technology is considered difficult, and post-treatment technology is still needed.

The means for controlling the supply of the fuel spray group, which is a hollow narrow-angle annular diffusion spray, from the fuel nozzle at the top of the upper combustion volume in a cylindrical or circular cylinder shape, performs the opening / closing operation and timing of the injection nozzle by the fuel injection control 8. It is possible to use various types of fuel with a high compression ratio that is operated with little air supply restriction and bent knocking even at light loads, and it is possible to save energy of the internal combustion engine by increasing the supercharging of the engine and reducing pump loss. The purpose of low pollution is realized at low cost.

This technology that improves and solves various functions of an internal combustion engine by improving the air utilization rate, which has been regarded as a drawback of direct injection diesel, without requiring high power and high cost injection technology for the fuel injection system. Is a combustion technology for internal combustion engines that plays a major role in the future of the earth and mankind as a convenient power source in the electrified society.

FIG. 1 shows a combustion part and a spray form according to a perspective view of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a cylinder, a head portion, and a spray pattern; 3, a, b, c and d are cross-sectional views showing various layered air supply patterns in the combustion section; FIG. 4 is a copy of a piston chamber combustion photograph showing the characteristics of the multi-hole diffusion combustion system having a low central air utilization rate.

1 is an engine main body, 2 is a cylinder, 3 is a cylinder head, 4 is an intake passage, 5 is an exhaust passage, 6 is a conical cylindrical combustion section, 7 is a fuel injection valve, 8 is an electronic fuel control section, and 9 is a landing position. Fire source, 10 is a piston, 11 is a nozzle, 1.2 is a disk-shaped piston volume part, 13A is a narrow angle annular hollow spray diffusion form of injected fuel, 14 is a piston squish area, 15 is a valve spring, 16 is a conventional 6 An injection hole diffusion nozzle, 17 is an oblique line between a jet and a flame region, 18 is a central air region, a small arrow indicates a flow direction of air and residual gas, and a large arrow indicates a flow direction of air and exhaust.

Next, the difference in the mixture formation between the narrow-angle annular injection compression ignition combustion system using the pin type nozzle of this direct injection fuel injection system and the conventional multi-hole diffusion direct injection diesel combustion system will be described.

The means for controlling the supply of the fuel spray group from the pin type fuel nozzle of the cylindrical or conical cylindrical upper combustion volume to the hollow narrow-angle annular diffusion spray performs the opening / closing operation and timing of the injection nozzle by the fuel injection control 8 This makes it possible to use various types of fuel with a high compression ratio that operates with less throttle and suppresses knocking even at light loads. The purpose of low pollution is realized at low cost.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the combustion of an injected fuel group by the direct injection combustion system of fuel by matching the conical cylindrical combustion volume with the fuel injection technology. Specifically, as a means of promoting the vaporization condition of fuel and air, the fuel particles are further divided by collision contact between the injected fuel group and the air in the cylinder, and the fuel is completely combusted by the gasification condition of the air by micronization The purpose is to reduce energy consumption and reduce pollution. It is known by physics that droplet fuel particles start to burn from the outside in contact with heat, and the inside surrounded by flame is fumigated and generates soot.
In this regard, in the current diesel direct injection combustion system in which the droplet fuel group is injected at a higher pressure than the hole nozzle adjacent to the high-pressure thermal atmosphere, it is natural that droplet fuel particles generate carbonized dust. The cause of the end gas knocking in the EFI combustion system of a gasoline engine that injects fuel into the gas and premixes and vaporizes is also contrary to the physical diffusion and expansion of the fuel, and a natural result appears in the engine performance .

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a direct injection spark ignition type internal combustion engine having a conical cylindrical combustion portion in a substantially central region of a cylinder head portion, and a fuel spray from a fuel injection valve on the upper portion to a central region of the cylinder. means for flying the combustion through chamber groups in a narrow angle annular, stretching and the cylinder center axis region part of the flying distance of the conical tubular combustion volume and constituted by a pin-type nozzle for injecting a narrow angle annular spray group was injected fuel group It is characterized by promoting the mixing and vaporization conditions of fuel and air by collision and contact with air by fragmentation and molecularization of fuel particles .
Its main effect is to extend the flight distance and time by directing the droplet fuel group of fine particles of the fuel droplets injected and flying in a narrow angle ring from the fuel injection nozzle to the piston surface with the collision and contact conditions with the air in the center of the cylinder. Therefore, as a means for promoting the composition of the gas mixture condition with air, the gas mixture condition is increased by the fuel flight distance and the time factor .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the direct injection internal combustion engine according to the first aspect , the fuel spray mixture is supplied to the center of the cylinder in a layered manner according to the load by the injection rule control of the fuel injection control unit. With the configuration of the stratified charge combustion by flame propagation combustion with the spark plug electrode as the starting point of the combustion reaction, the end gas knocking is eliminated, and the stratified combustion condition that does not require a high compression ratio and intake throttle is configured . It is characterized by achieving the objectives of improving thermal efficiency and reducing exhaust pollution in the entire load range.

In the direct injection diesel engine according to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided means for improving the reduction in the utilization ratio of the air in the center of the cylinder common to the multi-hole hole diffusion diesel combustion system. - subsequent fuel group subsequent fuel le jet progresses reaction by forced polymerized specific combustion in less heat atmosphere of oxygen heated to a high temperature inevitably prior fuel in the piston volume proximate follow the flying trajectory of the prior fuel Of a diesel engine that can improve the cause of carbonized dust generation in fumigation combustion due to oxygen deficiency by the configuration of fuel early injection means and premixing means, and reduce the cause of PM carbonized dust generation in compression ignition system Presenting technology.

According to the combustion method of a direct fuel injection type spark ignition internal combustion engine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the spark ignition type EFI method and the multi-firing method are achieved by matching the conical cylindrical combustion chamber portion with the narrow angle annular fuel injection group of the fuel group. The cause of the occurrence of end gas knocking due to the end-region fuel, which could not be avoided by the wide-angle diffusion method of the nozzle hole, is solved, and a high compression ratio can be adopted, so that the thermal efficiency of the engine can be increased.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The fuel direct injection internal combustion engine of the present embodiment includes an engine body 1, a cylinder-2, a cylinder-head 3, an intake passage 4, an exhaust passage 5, a conical cylindrical combustion portion 6, a narrow angle annular fuel injection valve 7, and an electronic fuel control. A portion 8, an ignition ignition source 9, a piston 10, a pin type nozzle 11, and a disk-shaped piston volume portion 12.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion section 6 formed in the substantially central region of the cylinder head 3 is formed in a conical cylinder shape, and the fuel injection valve 7 is different from the conventional hemispherical combustion chamber in order to extend the distance from the piston 10. An ignition source 9 is provided in the vicinity of the upper fuel injection nozzle 11 having a vertically long shape .

The fuel injection group injected into the cylinder 2 from the injection valve 7 into the central region of the cylinder 2 via the inside from the upper part of the conical cylindrical combustion part 6 is a narrow angle annular as shown in FIG . 1A and FIG. This is a mechanism in which fuel corresponding to the load of the engine is injected and supplied by a plurality of divided injections or the like in the direction of the piston 10 as a spray group in accordance with an instruction from the electronic fuel control unit 8.

As shown in FIG. 2, the injection flight distance of the fuel group is extended to the structure of the conical cylindrical combustion section 6 and the center area of the cylinder-2 to promote the air utilization rate in the cylinder center area and the collision contact between the fuel group and air. If the narrow-angle annular fuel injection condition that promotes the vaporization and mixing conditions of the fuel group is controlled by electronic control , the fuel density is high in the combustion area and the center of the cylinder, and the layered supply that suppresses the diffusion of fuel to the cylinder wall and the peripheral edge area. The combustion condition will be configured.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the conventional combustion method in which the fuel group is wide-angle diffused by a multi-hole hole nozzle in the piston combustion volume portion closer to the center of the cylinder-head, the fuel injection pressure is made extremely high and the nozzle hole is made finer. However, the vaporization of the droplet fuel and the composition of the mixing conditions with the air are physically impossible due to the proximity of the hole nozzle and the combustion chamber and the jet characteristics , and even fuel particles in a high temperature hot atmosphere start to burn from the outside in contact with heat. Due to physical principles, the internal fuel cannot avoid the generation of fine dust by fumigation with oxygen shortage . Also, the rigidity of pistons and other components that can withstand high combustion pressures that react simultaneously in the multi-end region closer to the multi-holes makes the engine heavier and there is no way to improve thermal efficiency or dust problems.

The problem of the dramatic increase in combustion pressure, which is also the cause of NOx, was slightly improved by the pilot split injection technology. However, in the method in which the fuel group is diffusely injected into the adjacent piston volume by the multi-hole hole nozzle, each jet flow In the arrival area, the front and rear portions of the fuel jet, which is a characteristic of the hole nozzle, are the same flight route, and the front and rear jets overlap in the arrival area, so that a fuel-rich area is formed. The cause of soot generation also increases. Therefore, combustion of this fuel group requires a large amount of air and air flow conditions, and combustion of the subsequent fuel group injected from the hole nozzle requires additional air flow conditions. It becomes .

Due to the characteristics of the multi-hole hole nozzles , fumigation combustion of the following fuel cannot be prevented in the polymerization combustion of the fuel group which is disadvantageous to the combustion conditions of the following injection fuel group, and a rapid pressure close to knocking caused by ignition delay or simultaneous reaction cannot be prevented. Although the rate of increase has been improved by split injection technology, the current diesel combustion method, which is still based on the wide-angle diffusion combustion method, is physically impossible to improve the air utilization rate and the cause of carbonized dust generation. In order to promote the combustion reaction of the fuel group that is excessively formed in the end portion of the volume part, a large amount of air introduction and a large air flow condition are required, and the engine according to the supercharging technology using the exhaust turbine is used. The structure becomes more complex and the cost is even more expensive.

Therefore, in order to improve the function of the direct injection diesel combustion engine, to reduce pollution and to reduce the price, the direct injection diesel engine is fueled to the multi-end region of the piston combustion chamber from the multi-hole nozzle which is the basis of combustion. It is necessary to modify the conventional method of diffusing and injecting the fuel at a wide angle and to newly configure the gasification condition of the fuel and air that governs combustion, the combustion chamber form, and the injection conditions. That is, the configuration of the fuel injection condition that changes the shape of the combustion chamber and the fuel injection conditions and suppresses the increase in combustion pressure in which the multi-jet fuel group reacts simultaneously and in a multi-end region and reduces the generation of exhaust carbonized dust is reduced. It is necessary to have technical means to ensure that the fuel is gasified and molecularized in accordance with the vaporization and mixing conditions of the injected fuel group , further energy saving and low pollution of the diesel engine, as well as weight reduction and price reduction. The technology necessary to achieve the purpose is a fuel vaporization technology.

This direct injection di - piston 10 in the cylinder -2 from the top of the fuel injection valve 7 has a conical tubular combustion portion 6 in a substantially central region of the head part 3 - diesel combustion system 1 or the cylinder as shown in FIG. 3 Assisting the ignition source even in high-octane fuel that is difficult to compress and ignite the ignition ignition condition at the top dead center of the piston when the fuel is injected in a narrow angle ring and the injected fuel group is compressed into the combustion chamber by ascending the piston It is a mechanism that can control ignition by.

According to such fuel injection conditions, as shown in FIG. 4, the air utilization rate in the cylinder central region and the vicinity of the nozzle 16 produced by the conventional multi-hole diffusion system is improved, and each of the conventional multi-hole injection nozzles is improved. It is possible to improve the cause of carbonized dust generation in fumigation combustion caused by combustion caused by polymerization combustion reaction with the preceding fuel flow and subsequent fuel group added in the reaction zone.

That is, in addition to the structure of the conical cylindrical combustion volume 6 and the effect of time extension of the fuel flight distance by early injection , the alignment with the narrow angle annular divided spray group of the nozzle 11 depends on the air flow such as the air swirl. since it is possible to configure small premix vaporization conditions by Ri fuel group early fuel injection controls the diffusion of the fuel in the end region of the cylinder -2 will be promoted by the reciprocating operation of the spray Tan'iki knock phenomenon It is possible to achieve a high compression ratio of the engine .

In particular, the effect of promoting the premixed vaporization condition of the fuel spray group by the early injection of the fuel group by the conical cylindrical combustion volume and the narrow-angle annular split injection of the fuel and the flight distance extending action is the further division and molecularization of the fuel particle group is the conducive to the reduction of the engine cost with reduced carbonization dust · PM and PM2.5 remarkable effect is exhibited exhaust after treatment cost for the generation suppression by.

The distance between the fuel injection nozzle 11 and the piston 6 is separated to improve the vaporization mixing of the injected fuel group and the combustion conditions to suppress the lateral inertia of the spray flow, and to concentrate the fuel in the central axis region of the combustion chamber The stratified charge combustion method of this internal combustion engine, which is characterized by the control of the fuel that forms the stratified expansion of the gas and reaches the end region, is based on the matching of the conical combustion volume and the injection conditions of the narrow angle annular spray nozzle with the early fuel injection. It is a combustion method of the internal combustion engine that is configured .

To realize a layered charge combustion method that enables the configuration of ideal combustion conditions that can improve the thermal efficiency of an internal combustion engine and reduce the pollution of exhaust gas, it is necessary to match the diffusion and deployment conditions of the fuel spray with the combustion volume It is essential. Regardless of how the machine holes are used to make the nozzle holes finer or the ultra-high pressure injection technique, the fuel injection system that diffuses and expands at a wider angle than the hole multi-holes and the piston combustion volume adjacent to each other must be matched. The combustion polymerization reaction in the jet end region cannot be avoided, and the fumigation combustion and carbonization dust control technology due to this is difficult, and the post-treatment technology is still required.

Therefore, the flight collision contact method of the fuel group in which the fuel spray group formed as a narrow angle annular diffusion spray from the fuel nozzle at the top of the upper combustion volume of the cylindrical or conical cylinder is controlled and injected to the piston surface is used for further atomization of the injected fuel group. The fuel injection control necessary for the internal combustion engine can be easily performed by electronic control of the control unit 8, which is an indispensable technique for the molecular refinement and the configuration of the gas mixture condition with air.
Even at light loads, it is possible to use various fuels with high compression ratio operation that suppresses knocking without restricting intake air, and the effect of increasing the supercharging of the engine and reducing the air power loss contributes to energy saving and low pollution of the internal combustion engine The purpose can be realized at low cost.

The fuel injection system requires high power, does not require expensive ultra-high pressure injection technology, and suppresses PM carbon dioxide dust, which has been regarded as a drawback of direct injection diesel fuel, by the collision contact method between direct injection fuel particles and air This combustion technology, which can improve the gasification conditions by particle splitting and miniaturization, achieve the purpose of energy saving and low pollution at low cost and improve various functions of the internal combustion engine , is a convenient power source in the electrified society. Combustion technology for internal combustion engines that brings hope to the future of mankind.

Claims (3)

In an internal combustion engine in which a conical cylindrical combustion volume portion facing the piston surface is disposed in a substantially central region of a cylinder-head portion, and a fuel group is injected into a cylinder central axis region from an upper fuel injection nozzle, An ignition source plug is installed and the fuel group injected toward the piston center plane below the fuel injection nozzle at the upper part of the conical volume is routed through the conical cylindrical volume part to extend the flight period and atomize the injected fuel group・ Acceleration of gas mixture and activation is improved by split injection by the fuel injection control unit, narrow angle annular atomization by the nozzle, and matching of the time system conditions of the spray flight and the conical volume structure, and the center region of the cylinder Combustion system for direct-injection internal combustion engines characterized by reforming combustion conditions by increasing the utilization rate of air and promoting the activation of the mixture of fuel and air. In the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, the stratified charge combustion condition with the combustion volume as a starting point of the combustion reaction due to the improved matching of the injected fuel group and the in-cylinder air utilization condition is configured by the injection rule of the direct injection fuel group, By suppressing the diffusion of fuel to the cylinder end region, the cause of end gas knocking is suppressed, and the structure of the stratified charge combustion condition that enables a high compression ratio of the gasoline engine also reduces the charge pump loss. A direct-injection fuel-cylinder, air-fueled internal combustion engine characterized by improved thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine due to its synergistic effect and energy saving and low pollution. 3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in-cylinder center region injection or early injection of fuel can be freely performed by matching the conical cylindrical combustion portion and the narrow angle division annular injection condition of the fuel group, and air utilization in the center region of the cylinder is possible. The premixed vaporization promotion condition of the early injection fuel group by the engine is made possible, and the compression ignition combustion condition starting from the cylinder center region and the combustion part is configured. Controls the rate of rapid increase in combustion pressure and promotes premixing and vaporization activation of fuel groups in the center of the cylinder and in the cylinder, thereby generating carbonized dust and generation due to unvaporized fuel and fuel particles during the combustion reaction The control of the residual gas in the previous cycle and the EGR action also suppress the cause of NOx generation, and the heat load applied to the piston can be reduced by the head combustion part, thereby reducing engine silence, weight reduction, and cost. Reduce Lai, durability and that direct fuel injection compression ignition combustion type internal combustion engine, characterized in that can achieve the purpose of low-emission of thermal efficiency due to high compression ratio with improvements.

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