JP2011231944A - Apparatus and method of drying leather - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying apparatus of leather and a drying method thereof, which can substantially shorten drying time.SOLUTION: The drying apparatus 1 of leather, which dries leather A by superheated steam and hot air, includes a superheated steam drying furnace 3, a hot air drying furnace 5, and a conveying means 2 continuously conveying the leather A to the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and the hot air drying furnace 5. In the superheated steam drying furnace 3, a superheated steam generating device 11 generating superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 is provided. In the hot air drying furnace 5, a hot air generating device 41 generating hot air in the hot air drying furnace 5 is provided.

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying apparatus for drying leather that has been subjected to washing, setting (water squeezing) through a preparation process, a tanning process, a re-tanning / dyeing / greasing process, and a method for drying the leather.

Leather is generally processed through preparation steps (water pickled, lime picked, hair removal, freshening, splitting), tanning, re-tanning, dyeing / greasing, washing with water, setting, drying, Paint the surface to make a product. In the leather after the setting, the moisture content of the leather is reduced from about 25-30% to about 7-9%, but the leather constituting the leather is knitted by heat to prevent the leather from shrinking and effecting. It is necessary to keep the temperature of about 110 ° C. or less.
Conventionally, as a drying apparatus used for this purpose, there has been a drying apparatus for drying an object to be dried with warm air. The said drying apparatus consists of a warm air generator and a belt conveyor. The warm air generating device is formed with a warm air outlet for ejecting warm air to the belt conveyor side (for example, Patent Document 1). In this drying apparatus, hot air is blown and dried almost simultaneously on the upper and lower surfaces of the object to be dried transferred by a conveyor.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-140294

  When the drying apparatus described above is an object to be dried that contains moisture inside the leather or the like, it takes time to reach the internal temperature that can evaporate the moisture in the leather, so it takes a long time to dry and the work efficiency There was a problem that was very bad. Further, since the above-described drying apparatus dries both surfaces of the object to be dried substantially simultaneously, it is necessary to provide hot air blowing devices on both the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the object to be dried. However, there was a problem that it could not be manufactured. In addition, since the above-described drying device places a body to be dried on a linear belt conveyor and dries both sides, a large number of hot air outlets must be arranged at predetermined intervals, and the structure as described above. However, the distance required for drying is inevitably long, so that there is a problem in that it cannot be manufactured in a compact size.

  The present invention has been devised in view of the above problems, and a first object thereof is to provide a leather drying apparatus and a leather drying method capable of significantly reducing the drying time. Furthermore, in addition to the first object, the present invention has a superheated steam generator and a hot air generator placed on one side of the apparatus body, and dries one side of the leather with superheated steam and hot air, and folds the leather back. By reversing, the other side of the leather can also be dried with superheated steam and hot air, and without the superheated steam generator and hot air generator on both sides of the leather, the superheated steam generator and hot air generator on one side of the leather A second object of the present invention is to provide a leather drying apparatus and a leather drying method that can dry both sides of the leather simply by disposing the apparatus, have a simple structure, are inexpensive, and can be manufactured compactly. To do.

  The leather drying apparatus according to claim 1 is a drying apparatus for drying leather with superheated steam and hot air in order to achieve the first object, and comprises a superheated steam drying furnace, a hot air drying furnace, and a superheated steam. Conveying means for conveying leather continuously in the drying furnace and hot air drying furnace, the superheated steam drying furnace is equipped with a superheated steam generator for generating superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace, and hot air drying The furnace is provided with a hot air generator for generating hot air in the hot air drying furnace.

  In order to achieve the first and second objects, the leather drying apparatus according to claim 2 of the present application includes the first conveying unit, the second conveying unit, and the first conveying unit. A front conveyance unit that conveys leather, an intermediate conveyance unit that conveys leather sent out from the first conveyance unit to the second conveyance unit, and a rear conveyance unit that conveys leather sent out from the second conveyance unit backward And the first and second transport units are a folding unit that folds and reverses the placed leather, transfers the leather, a front transfer unit that transfers the leather to the folding unit, and leather sent out from the folding unit. And a rear transfer unit for transferring the rear side, the first transfer unit is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace, and the second transfer unit is provided in the hot air drying furnace. It is characterized by.

  In order to achieve the first and second objects, the leather drying device according to claim 3 of the present application is arranged above the folded portion of the first transport unit, and the superheated steam generation device is provided. Superheated steam is spouted from the water vapor outlet formed on the folding part side, and the hot air generator is arranged above the folding part of the second transport part and is folded from the hot air outlet formed in the hot air generator. It is comprised so that a hot air may be discharged | emitted to the part side.

  In order to achieve the first and second objects, the leather drying apparatus according to claim 4 is provided with a staking device for squeezing and loosening leather in the front conveyance unit, the intermediate conveyance unit, and the rear conveyance unit. It is characterized by being.

  The method for drying leather according to claim 5 of the present application is a method for drying leather in which the leather is transported sequentially into a superheated steam drying furnace and a hot air drying furnace in order to achieve the first object. A primary drying process for drying the leather in a superheated steam drying furnace in which superheated steam is generated, a cooling process for removing the leather from the superheated steam drying furnace after the completion of the primary drying process, and a cooling process after completion of the cooling process. And a secondary drying step of drying the leather in a hot air drying oven in which hot air is generated.

  In order to achieve the first and second objects, the leather drying method according to claim 6 of the present application transports the leather in the superheated steam drying furnace and the hot air drying furnace in order by the transport means to dry the leather. In this drying method, the conveying means is sent out from the first conveying unit, the second conveying unit, the front conveying unit that conveys the leather to the first conveying unit, and the first conveying unit. It consists of an intermediate conveyance part which conveys leather to the 2nd conveyance part, and a rear conveyance part which conveys the leather sent out from the 2nd conveyance part back, and the 1st and 2nd conveyance parts are placed leather A folding part for folding and reversing and transferring, a front transfer part for transferring leather to the folding part, and a rear transfer part for transferring leather sent out from the folding part to the rear. Is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace, and the second transport unit is A primary drying process is provided in the hot-air drying furnace, where the leather is transported by the first transport section and dried in the superheated steam drying furnace where superheated steam is generated, and the leather after the primary drying process is intermediate transported A cooling process for cooling during conveyance by the section, and a secondary drying process in which the leather after completion of the cooling process is conveyed by the second conveyance section and dried in a hot air drying furnace in which hot air is generated. And

  In the method for drying leather according to claim 7, in order to achieve the first and second objects, the superheated steam drying furnace is provided with a superheated steam generator for generating superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace. The hot air drying furnace is provided with a hot air generator for generating hot air in the hot air drying furnace, and the superheated steam generator is disposed above the folded portion of the first transport unit and formed in the superheated steam generator. Superheated steam is spouted from the water vapor outlet to the folded portion side, and the hot air generator is disposed above the folded portion of the second transport unit, and the folded portion side from the hot air outlet formed in the hot air generator The hot air is discharged, and in the folded portion of the first transport section, one surface of the leather and the other surface of the leather folded and inverted are dried by superheated steam, and in the folded section of the second transport section Fold one side of the leather The other surface of the return was by inverting leather characterized by drying by hot air.

  In order to achieve the first and second objects, the leather drying method according to claim 8 of the present application includes a staking device for kneading and loosening leather in the front conveyance unit, the intermediate conveyance unit, and the rear conveyance unit. The leather is squeezed by the front staking device and then transferred to the first transport unit, and the leather dried by superheated steam is squeezed by the intermediate staking device and then transferred to the second transport unit, It is characterized in that the leather dried by squeezing is loosened by a rear staking device.

  The leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method according to the present invention convey leather sequentially into a superheated steam drying furnace and a hot air drying furnace, and dry the leather by primary drying with superheated steam and secondary drying with hot air. Then, the temperature inside the leather is instantaneously increased by the superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace and dried to a predetermined moisture content, then the leather is taken out from the superheated steam drying furnace to cool the leather, and then the hot air drying furnace The internal hot air gently raises the temperature inside the leather and dries it to a predetermined moisture content, so the drying time of the leather containing moisture can be greatly shortened and work efficiency can be improved. effective.

  In the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method according to the present invention, when the leather is placed on the front conveyance unit, the leather is conveyed to the first conveyance unit, and further from the first conveyance unit via the intermediate conveyance unit. It is transferred to the second transfer unit, and then transferred rearward through the rear transfer unit. The folding parts of the first and second transport parts are configured to fold the placed leather, turn it over, and transfer it. The leather located in the folded portion is folded from the state where one surface is directed upward and reversed, and the other surface is directed upward. In the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method according to the present invention, the first transport unit is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace, and the leather is heated by the superheated steam drying time (retention time) by the folded portion of the first transport unit. Similarly, the second conveying unit is provided in the hot air drying furnace, and the folding time of the second conveying unit can adjust the hot air drying time (residence time) of the leather. There is an effect that can be done.

  The leather drying device and the leather drying method according to the present invention are such that superheated steam is ejected from the steam outlet of the superheated steam generator to the folded portion side of the first transport section, and is conveyed by the folded section. It is possible to dry both sides of the leather by applying superheated steam to the surface and the other side of the leather that is folded and reversed. Further, the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method according to the invention of the present application are such that hot air is discharged from the hot air outlet of the hot air generator to the folded portion side of the second conveying portion and is conveyed by the folded portion. Both sides of the leather can be dried by applying hot air to the surface and the other surface of the leather that is folded and reversed.

  As described above, the leather drying device and the leather drying method according to the present invention do not require the superheated steam generator and the hot air generator to be disposed on both sides of the leather, and the superheated steam generator and the hot air generator are disposed on the leather. Since it should just be arrange | positioned at the one side surface side, there exists an effect that a structure is simple and can be manufactured cheaply. In addition, since the conveying means of the leather drying section is configured in a folded state instead of a straight line as in the prior art, it can be designed to be compact without increasing its size, and more superheated steam generators and hot air can be designed. Since it is not necessary to arrange a generator and drying can be performed with a small number of superheated steam generators and hot air generators, there is an effect that it is extremely economical.

  The leather drying device and the leather drying method according to the present invention include a staking device disposed in the front conveyance unit, the intermediate conveyance unit, and the rear conveyance unit. There is an effect that it can give sex and elasticity.

1 is an overall side view showing an embodiment of a leather drying apparatus according to the present invention. It is a whole side view showing one example of a superheated steam drying furnace (hot air drying furnace). It is a principal part front view of a superheated steam drying furnace (hot air drying furnace). It is a block diagram explaining the drying process of the drying apparatus of leather. It is explanatory drawing explaining the conditions of primary drying. It is a graph which shows the internal temperature of the leather in the drying apparatus of leather. It is a graph explaining the internal temperature of the leather in case primary drying is based on superheated steam. It is explanatory drawing explaining the conditions of secondary drying. It is a graph explaining the internal temperature of the leather in case secondary drying is by a hot air. It is a graph explaining the internal temperature of the leather in case secondary drying is based on superheated steam. It is a side view which shows the other Example of a conveyance means.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a leather drying apparatus 1 is a drying apparatus that dries leather A with superheated steam and hot air, and includes a superheated steam drying furnace 3, a hot air drying furnace 5, a superheated steam drying furnace 3, and hot air. Conveying means (conveyor) 2 for conveying leather continuously in the drying furnace 5. The superheated steam drying furnace 3 is provided with a superheated steam generator 11 that generates superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace 3. The hot air drying furnace 5 is provided with a hot air generator 41 that generates hot air in the hot air drying furnace 5.

  The leather drying method is a leather drying method in which the leather A is dried by sequentially transporting the leather A into the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and the hot air drying furnace 5 by the transport means (conveyor) 2. A primary drying step in which the superheated steam drying furnace 3 in which the superheated steam at 150 ° C. to 150 ° C. is generated is retained for 2 minutes 30 seconds to 10 minutes and dried (see FIG. 5), and the superheated steam after the completion of the primary drying step A cooling process in which the leather A is taken out from the drying furnace 3 and the leather A is cooled to a substantially normal temperature, and the leather A after the cooling process is finished in the hot air drying furnace 5 in which hot air of 60 ° C. to 110 ° C. is generated for 7 minutes. It consists of a secondary drying step (see FIG. 8) that dwells for -20 minutes and dries.

  The above-mentioned leather drying apparatus and leather drying method conveys leather A sequentially into superheated steam drying furnace 3 and hot air drying furnace 5, and dries leather A by primary drying with superheated steam and secondary drying with hot air. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the internal temperature of the leather is instantaneously increased by the superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and dried to a predetermined moisture content of 25 to 30%, and then in the superheated steam drying furnace 3. The leather A is taken out of the product and cooled down to a substantially normal temperature. Further, the temperature inside the leather is gradually raised by the hot air in the hot air drying furnace 5 and dried to a predetermined moisture content of 7 to 9%. It is possible to greatly shorten the drying time of the leather containing the ink and to improve the working efficiency. Furthermore, the leather drying device and the leather drying method, as described above, have drastically shortened the drying time, so the shrinkage rate is small, so the thickness hardly changes, and there is no need for curing, flexibility, elasticity, High quality leather with elasticity can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the transport means (conveyor) 2 includes a first transport unit (first conveyor) 21A, 61A, a second transport unit (second conveyor) 21B, 61B, A front transport section (front conveyor) 19 for transporting leather A to the transport sections (first conveyors) 21A and 61A, and leather A fed from the first transport sections (first conveyors) 21A and 61A Conveying the leather A sent out from the intermediate conveyance part (intermediate conveyor) 26 and the second conveyance part (second conveyor) 21B, 61B to the second conveyance part (second conveyor) 21B, 61B backward And a rear transfer unit (rear conveyor) 20.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 11, the first and second transport sections (first and second conveyors) 21A, 21B, 61A, 61B are folded back at least in a two-tiered state, and the placed leather A is placed. Folding parts 22 and 62 that are turned upside down and transferred, front transfer parts 23 and 63 that transfer the leather A to the turning parts 22 and 62, and leather A that is fed from the turning parts 22 and 62 is transferred backward. The rear transfer units 25 and 65 are configured. The first transport units (first conveyors) 21 </ b> A and 61 </ b> A are provided in the superheated steam drying furnace 3. The second transport units (second conveyors) 21 </ b> B and 61 </ b> B are provided in the hot air drying furnace 5.

  The leather drying method is a leather drying method in which the leather A is dried in order by transporting the leather A into the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and the hot air drying furnace 5 by the transport means (conveyor) 2. 1 transport section (first conveyor) 21A, 61A transported in a superheated steam drying furnace 3 in which superheated steam at 130 ° C to 150 ° C was generated for 2 minutes 30 seconds to 10 minutes and dried A primary drying step (see FIG. 5), a cooling step in which the leather A after the primary drying step is completed is conveyed to the room temperature while being conveyed by the intermediate conveyance unit (intermediate conveyor) 26, and the leather A after the completion of the cooling step is Secondary drying which dries for 7 to 20 minutes in a hot air drying furnace 5 where hot air of 60 ° C. to 110 ° C. is generated by being transported by two transport units (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. Process (see Fig. 8) It made.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method are configured such that when leather A is placed on a front transport unit (front conveyor) 19, the leather A is a first transport unit (first conveyor). Transported to 21A and 61A, and further transferred from the first transport unit (first conveyor) 21A and 61A to the second transport unit (second conveyor) 21B and 61B via the intermediate transport unit (intermediate conveyor) 26 Then, it is transferred rearward through a rear conveyance unit (rear conveyor) 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the folded portions 22 and 62 of the first and second transport units (first and second conveyors) 21A, 21B, 61A, and 61B are folded back into at least a two-tiered state. Thus, the placed leather A is folded and inverted and transferred. The leather A located at the folded-back portions 22 and 62 is folded and reversed from the state where one surface A1 faces upward, and the other surface A2 faces upward. That is, when the leather A located in the turn-back portions 22 and 62 is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) of the first stage 31 (first transfer section 66), one surface A1 faces upward, and the second stage 32 (second transfer). When the portion 67) is moved forward (in the direction of arrow B), it is reversed and the other surface A2 faces upward. The number of stages of the folding sections 22 and 62 is preferably odd, since the last stage is transferred in the same direction as the first stage 31 (first transfer section 66) if it is an odd number. Of course it doesn't matter.

  The leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method are provided with the first transport unit (first conveyor) 21A, 61A in the superheated steam drying furnace 3, and the first transport unit (first conveyor) 21A, The length of the superheated steam drying time (residence time) of the leather A can be adjusted by the number of stages of the folded portions 22 and 62 of 61A. Similarly, in the hot air drying furnace 5, there are provided second conveying sections (second conveyors) 21B and 61B, and depending on the number of stages of the folding sections 22 and 62 of the second conveying sections (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. The hot air drying time (residence time) of the leather A can be adjusted.

  The superheated steam generator 11 is disposed above the folding parts 22 and 62 of the first conveying parts (first conveyors) 21A and 61A, and is turned up from a steam outlet 12 formed in the superheated steam generator 11. It is comprised so that superheated steam may be ejected to 22 and 62 side. The hot air generating device 41 is disposed above the folding portions 22 and 62 of the second conveying units (second conveyors) 21B and 61B, and is turned from a hot air discharge port 42 formed in the hot air generating device 41. The hot air is discharged to the 22 and 62 side.

  The leather is dried by one surface A1 of the leather A and the other surface A2 of the leather A that is turned upside down at the folded portions 22 and 62 of the first transport units (first conveyors) 21A and 61A. Is dried with superheated steam, and in the folded portions 22 and 62 of the second transport portions (second conveyors) 21B and 61B, one surface A1 of the leather A and the other surface of the leather A that is folded and reversed. A2 is dried with hot air. That is, the method of drying leather is such that the leather A is moved upward on one surface A1 in the upper stage 31 (first transfer part 66) of the folding parts 22 and 62 of the first conveying parts (first conveyors) 21A and 61A. From the front to the rear (in the direction of arrow F) and dried by superheated steam, and in the next stage 32 (second transfer part 67), it is inverted and the other surface A2 is directed upwards from the rear to the front. It transfers to (arrow B direction) and dries with superheated steam, and both surfaces A1, A2 are dried with superheated steam.

  Next, the leather A dried by superheated steam is placed on one side A1 upward in the upper stage 31 (first transfer part 66) of the folding parts 22 and 62 of the second transport parts (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. It is transferred from the front to the rear (arrow F direction) and dried by hot air, and in the next stage 32 (second transfer part 67), it is reversed and the other surface A2 is directed upwards from the rear to the front (arrow). (B direction) and dried by hot air, and both surfaces A1, A2 are dried by hot air.

  Thus, the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method dry the leather A conveyed by the conveying means (conveyor) 2 with the superheated steam ejected by the superheated steam generator 11 and the hot air discharged by the hot air generator 41. That is, the leather drying method using the leather drying apparatus is such that one surface A1 is reversed after superheated steam drying in the folded portions 22 and 62 of the first transport units (first conveyors) 21A and 61A, and the other surface is reversed. A2 is dried with superheated steam, both surfaces A1 and A2 are dried with superheated steam, and then one surface A1 is heated with hot air at the folded portions 22 and 62 of the second transport sections (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. After drying, the other surface A2 is inverted by hot air drying, and both surfaces A1, A2 are dried by hot air.

  In the leather drying device and the leather drying method, superheated steam is jetted from the steam outlet 12 of the superheated steam generator 11 to the folded portions 22 and 62 side of the first transport units (first conveyors) 21A and 61A. Superheated steam is applied to one side A1 of the leather A conveyed by the folding parts 22 and 62 and the other side A2 of the leather A conveyed in a folded state and reversed, and both sides A1, A1 of the leather A are applied. A2 can be dried.

  In the leather drying device and the leather drying method, superheated steam is jetted from the steam outlet 12 of the superheated steam generator 11 to the folded portions 22 and 62 side of the first transport units (first conveyors) 21A and 61A. It is transferred by one surface A1 of the leather A transferred by the first stage 31 (first transfer part 66) of the folding parts 22 and 62 and by the second stage 32 (second transfer part 67) of the folding parts 22 and 62. Superheated steam is applied to the other side A2 of the leather A to dry both sides A1 and A2 of the leather A. Further, in the leather drying device and the leather drying method, the hot air is discharged from the hot air discharge port 42 of the hot air generating device 41 to the folded portions 22 and 62 side of the second conveying units (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. Hot air is applied to one side A1 of the leather A conveyed by the folding parts 22 and 62 and the other side A2 of the leather A conveyed in a folded state and reversed, so that both sides A1 and A2 of the leather are Can be dried.

  That is, in the leather drying device and the leather drying method, the hot air is discharged from the hot air discharge port 42 of the hot air generating device 41 to the folded portions 22 and 62 side of the second transport units (second conveyors) 21B and 61B. It is transferred by one surface A1 of the leather A transferred by the first stage 31 (first transfer part 66) of the folding parts 22 and 62 and by the second stage 32 (second transfer part 67) of the folding parts 22 and 62. Hot air can be applied to the other side A2 of the leather A to dry both sides A1 and A2 of the leather A.

  As described above, the leather drying apparatus and the leather drying method do not require the superheated steam generator 11 and the hot air generator 41 to be disposed on both sides A1 and A2 of the leather A, and the superheated steam generator 11 and the hot air generator. Since 41 should just be arrange | positioned to the one side A1 (or A2) side of the leather A, a structure is simple and it can manufacture at low cost. In addition, since the conveyor means of the leather drying section is configured in a folded state instead of a straight line as in the past, it can be designed compactly without increasing its size, and more superheated steam is generated. Since it is not necessary to arrange | position the apparatus 11 and the hot air generator 41, and it can dry with few superheated steam generators 11 and hot air generators 41, it is very economical.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the leather drying apparatus 1 includes leather A on the front transport unit (front conveyor) 19, the intermediate transport unit (intermediate conveyor) 26, and the rear transport unit (rear conveyor) 20. The stagnation staking devices 51, 52 and 53 are arranged. The leather drying method by the leather drying device 1 is to squeeze the leather A by the front staking device 51 and then convey the leather A to the folding parts 22 and 62 of the first conveying parts (first conveyors) 21A and 61A. The leather A dried by superheated steam is squeezed by an intermediate staking device 52 and then transported to the folding parts 22 and 62 of the second transport parts (second conveyors) 21B and 61B, and the leather A dried by hot air The staking device 53 at the rear part is used to massage. As described above, the leather drying device and the leather drying method include the front conveyor unit (front conveyor) 19, the intermediate conveyor unit (intermediate conveyor) 26, and the rear conveyor unit (rear conveyor) 20 staking devices 51 to 53. Therefore, the leather A can be loosened before drying and after drying to give the leather A flexibility and elasticity.

  Further, the leather drying device 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The leather drying apparatus 1 includes a superheated steam drying furnace 3 and a hot air drying furnace 5. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the superheated steam drying furnace 3 has hermeticity, and superheated steam generators 11 and 11 are attached to the upper wall 3a. The steam outlet 12 of the superheated steam generator 11 is directed into the superheated steam drying furnace 3 so that the superheated steam is jetted downward from the upper part of the superheated steam drying furnace 3. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hot air drying furnace 5 is hermetically sealed, and hot air generators 41 and 41 are attached to the upper wall 5a. The hot air outlet 42 of the hot air generator 41 is directed into the hot air drying furnace 5, and discharges hot air from the upper part in the hot air drying furnace 5 downward.

  The conveyor 2 includes a front conveyor 19, a rear conveyor 20, first and second conveyors 21 </ b> A and 21 </ b> B, and an intermediate conveyor 26. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first and second conveyors 21 </ b> A and 21 </ b> B include a plurality of wire belts 28 and a plurality of pulleys 29 a to 39 a around which the wire belts 28 are wound. The front transfer section 23 of the first and second conveyors 21A, 21B corresponds to the front pulley 29a through the tension pulley 30a to the first pulley 31a. The folding parts 22 of the first and second conveyors 21A and 21B correspond to the first pulley 31a to the eighth pulley 38a, the first pulley 31a to the second pulley 32a form the first stage 31, and the second The pulley 32a to the third pulley 33a form the second stage 32, the third pulley 33a to the fourth pulley 34a form the third stage 33, and the fourth pulley 34a to the fifth pulley 35a are the fourth stage. 34, the fifth pulley 35a to the sixth pulley 36a form a fifth stage 35, the sixth pulley 36a to the seventh pulley 37a form a sixth stage 36, and the seventh pulley 37a to the eighth pulley The seventh stage 37 is formed up to the pulley 38a. The rear transfer section 25 of the first and second conveyors 21A, 21B corresponds to the eighth pulley 38a to the rear pulley 39a. In the present embodiment, the folded portion 22 is folded back into a seven-tiered state, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Any one of the pulleys 29a to 39a is driven by the drive motor, and the plurality of wire belts 28 move to one side.

  In the first conveyor 21 </ b> A in the front, the turn-back part 22 is accommodated in the superheated steam drying furnace 3, the front transfer part 23 projects from the front opening 3 b of the superheated steam drying furnace 3, and the rear transfer part 25 is superheated steam drying. It protrudes from the rear opening 3c of the furnace 3. The steam outlet 12 of the superheated steam generator 11 ejects superheated steam from the first stage 31 to the seventh stage 37 of the folded portion 22. In the rear second conveyor 21 </ b> B, the turn-back part 22 is accommodated in the hot air drying furnace 5, the front transfer part 23 projects from the front opening 5 b of the hot air drying furnace 5, and the rear transfer part 25 is of the hot air drying furnace 5. It protrudes from the rear opening 5c. The hot air discharge port 42 of the hot air generating device 41 discharges hot air from the first stage 31 to the seventh stage 37 of the folding portion 22. The first and second conveyors 21 </ b> A and 21 </ b> B are not particularly limited, such as chain belts and rope belts, and need only have ventilation so that they can be dried from both sides.

  The intermediate conveyor 26 is disposed between the first conveyor 21A and the second conveyor 21B, and an intermediate staking device 52 is provided. A front conveyor 19 is disposed at the front of the first conveyor 21A, and a front staking device 51 is provided. The rear conveyor 20 is disposed at the rear of the second conveyor 21B, and a rear staking device 53 is provided.

  The leather drying method by the leather drying apparatus 1 is that the tanned leather A is transferred by the first conveyor 21A and dried by the superheated steam ejected by the superheated steam generator 11, and then the second conveyor. It is dried by the hot air that is transferred by 21B and discharged by the hot air generator 41. When the drive motor is driven, the front conveyor 19, the first conveyor 21A, the intermediate conveyor 26, the second conveyor 21B, and the rear conveyor 20 are operated.

  When the drive motor is driven in the first and second conveyors 21A and 21B, any one of the pulleys 29a to 39a rotates, and the wire belt 28 positioned at the front transfer portion 23 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). Similarly, the wire belt 28 located at the first stage 31 of the folded portion 22 also moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). The wire belt 28 located at the second stage 32 of the folding part 22 moves forward (in the direction of arrow B), and the wire belt 28 located at the third stage 33 of the folding part 22 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). The wire belt 28 located at the fourth stage 34 of the folding part 22 moves forward (in the direction of arrow B), and the wire belt 28 located at the fifth stage 35 of the folding part 22 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). The wire belt 28 located at the sixth stage 36 of the folding part 22 moves forward (in the direction of arrow B), the wire belt 28 located at the seventh stage 37 of the folding part 22 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F), Similarly, the wire belt 28 located in the rear transfer unit 25 also moves backward (in the direction of arrow F).

  The superheated steam generator 11 and the hot air generator 41 are operated. When the superheated steam generator 11 is operated, superheated steam is ejected from the steam outlet 12 from the first stage 31 to the seventh stage 37 of the folded portion 22. When the leather A is placed on the wire belt 28 of the front transfer part 23, the leather A is transferred to the folding part 22. That is, the leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) and sent into the superheated steam drying furnace 3.

  The leather A is superheated steam that is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 in the first stage 31 of the folded portion 22 and jetted from the one face A1. Dried by. Next, the leather A is reversed at the second stage 32 of the folded portion 22 and transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11, The surface A2 is dried by the superheated steam ejected. The leather A is transferred to the rear side (in the direction of arrow F) in the third stage 33 of the folded portion 22 so that one surface A1 is directed toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11, and the one surface A1 is ejected. Dry with steam.

  Next, the leather A is reversed at the fourth stage 34 of the folded portion 22 and is transferred forward (in the direction of the arrow B) with the other surface A2 toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11. The surface A2 is dried by the superheated steam ejected. The leather A is superheated so that one surface A1 is transferred rearward (in the direction of the arrow F) toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 at the fifth stage 35 of the folded portion 22, and one surface A1 is ejected. Dry with steam. Next, the leather A is reversed at the sixth stage 36 of the folded portion 22 and transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11, The surface A2 is dried by the superheated steam ejected. The leather A is superheated so that one surface A1 is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) toward the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 at the seventh stage 37 of the folded portion 22, and one surface A1 is ejected. It is dried by steam and sent from the superheated steam drying furnace 3 to the intermediate conveyor 26 by the wire belt 28 of the rear transfer section 25.

  When the hot air generating device 41 is operated, hot air is ejected from the hot air discharge port 42 from the first stage 31 to the seventh stage 37 of the folding portion 22. When the leather A is placed on the wire belt 28 of the front transfer part 23, the leather A is transferred to the folding part 22. That is, the leather A is transferred backward (in the direction of arrow F) and sent into the hot air drying furnace 5. The leather A is transferred backward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the hot air outlet 42 side of the hot air generator 41 in the first stage 31 of the folded portion 22, and is dried by the hot air discharged from one surface A1. Is done. Next, the leather A is reversed at the second stage 32 of the folded portion 22 and is transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 facing the hot air outlet 42 side of the hot air generator 41, and the other surface. A2 is dried by the hot air discharged. The leather A is transferred backward (in the direction of arrow F) with the one surface A1 facing the hot air outlet 42 side of the hot air generator 41 at the third stage 33 of the folded portion 22, and the hot air discharged from the one surface A1 Dried.

  Next, the leather A is reversed at the fourth stage 34 of the folded portion 22 and is transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 facing the hot air outlet 42 side of the hot air generator 41, and the other surface. A2 is dried by the hot air discharged. The leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) toward the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generating device 41 at the fifth stage 35 of the folded portion 22, and is heated by the hot air discharged from the one surface A 1. Dried. Next, the leather A is reversed at the sixth stage 36 of the folded portion 22 and transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 toward the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generating device 41, and the other surface. A2 is dried by the hot air discharged. The leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) toward the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generator 41 at the seventh stage 37 of the folded portion 22, and is heated by the hot air discharged from the one surface A 1. It is dried and sent from the hot air drying furnace 5 to the rear conveyor 20 by the wire belt 28 of the rear transfer section 25.

  When the leather A is placed on the front conveyor 19, the leather drying device 1 is crushed by the front staking device 51, and then conveyed to the first conveyor 21 </ b> A. A2 is primarily dried. The primarily dried leather A is taken out from the superheated steam drying furnace 3 by the rear transfer unit 25 and placed on the intermediate conveyor 26. The leather A placed on the intermediate conveyor 26 is loosened by the intermediate staking device 52 while being cooled to room temperature by air cooling, conveyed to the second conveyor 21B, and the double-sided A1 and A2 again in the hot air drying furnace 5 Secondary dried. Further, the secondary-dried leather A is taken out from the hot-air drying furnace 5 by the rear transfer unit 25 and placed on the rear conveyor 20, and is crushed by the rear staking device 53, and the leather drying process is completed.

  Although the first and second conveyors 21A and 21B have been described with a configuration including a plurality of wire belts 28 and a plurality of pulleys 29a to 39a around which the wire belts 28 are wound, as shown in FIG. You may make it the structure which consists of a mesh belt and a roller like the 1st and 2nd conveyors 61A and 61B. The first and second conveyors 61 </ b> A and 61 </ b> B include a folding unit 62 that folds and reverses the placed leather A, a front transfer unit 63 that transfers the leather A to the folding unit 62, and a folding unit 62. And a rear transfer unit 65 for transferring the leather A sent out from the rear.

  The folding | returning part 62 is arrange | positioned and formed so that the 1st transfer part 66, the 2nd transfer part 67, the 3rd transfer part 68, the 4th transfer part 69, and the 5th transfer part 70 may be piled up and down. Each of the transfer units 66 to 70 includes a pair of upper rollers 71 and 72, a pair of lower rollers 73 and 74, and a mesh belt 75 wound around the rollers 71 to 74. The mesh belt 75 between the pair of upper rollers 71 and 72 serves as a transport unit that transports the leather A. The 1st transfer part 66 is located in the 1st step | paragraph, and the conveyance part 66A moves back (arrow F direction). The second transfer unit 67 is located at the second stage, and the transport unit 67A moves forward (in the direction of arrow B). The 3rd transfer part 68 is located in the 3rd step, and 68 A of conveyance parts move back (arrow F direction). The 4th transfer part 69 is located in the 4th step | paragraph, and the conveyance part 69A moves ahead (arrow B direction). The 5th transfer part 70 is located in the 5th step | paragraph, and 70 A of conveyance parts move back (arrow F direction).

  The first transfer part 66 to the fourth transfer part 69 are provided with guide means 76 to 79 for folding the leather A and inverting it. The guide means 76 to 79 include a pair of guide rollers 81 and 82 and a cloth belt 83 wound around the pair of guide rollers 81 and 82. The guide means 76 to 79 are arranged so that the cloth belt 83 is in contact with the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller of the first transfer section 66 to the fourth transfer section 69 to which the leather A is fed. ing.

  That is, in the first and third transfer portions 66 and 68, guide rollers 81 and 82 are provided up and down so as to sandwich the upper roller 71 to which the leather A is fed, and the mesh belt 75 in contact with the upper roller 71 is provided. The portion and the fabric belt 83 are in contact with each other. In the second and fourth transfer sections 67 and 69, guide rollers 81 and 82 are provided vertically so as to sandwich the upper roller 72 to which the leather A is fed, and the mesh belt 75 part in contact with the upper roller 72 The cloth belt 83 is in contact.

  The guide means 76 to 79 are for folding the leather A and inverting it so that the guide rollers 81 and 82 can freely rotate and the cloth belt 83 is rotated by frictional resistance with the mesh belt 75. Alternatively, the guide roller 82 (or 81) may be forcibly rotated by a motor so that the cloth belt 83 is rotated at the same speed as the mesh belt 75.

  The front transfer unit 63 is formed by a mesh belt 85 and a plurality of guide rollers 86 to 88, and includes a horizontal part 63A and an inclined part 63B. The upper part of the inclined part 63B is in front of the transport part 66A of the first transfer part 66. It is located above the part. The rear transfer unit 65 is formed by the mesh belt 90 and a pair of guide rollers 91 and 92, and the front part is located below the rear part of the transport unit 70 </ b> A of the fifth transfer unit 70. The first conveyor 61 </ b> A configured in this way is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace 3, and the second conveyor 61 </ b> B is provided in the hot air drying furnace 5. In the first conveyor 61A in the front, the turning portion 62 is accommodated in the superheated steam drying furnace 3, the front transfer portion 63 protrudes from the front opening 3b of the superheated steam drying oven 3, and the rear transfer portion 65 is superheated steam drying. It protrudes from the rear opening 3c of the furnace 3. The steam outlet 12 of the superheated steam generator 11 ejects superheated steam from the first transfer part 66 of the folding part 62 toward the fifth transfer part 70. In the rear second conveyor 61 </ b> B, the folding part 62 is accommodated in the hot air drying furnace 5, the front transfer part 63 protrudes from the front opening 5 b of the hot air drying furnace 5, and the rear transfer part 65 is the hot air drying furnace 5. It protrudes from the rear opening 5c. The hot air discharge port 42 of the hot air generating device 41 discharges hot air from the first transfer unit 66 of the folding unit 62 toward the fifth transfer unit 70.

  When the first and second conveyors 61 </ b> A and 61 </ b> B drive the drive motor, the rollers 71 to 74, 86 to 88, 91 and 92 rotate, and the upper side of the mesh belt 85 located in the front transfer unit 63 is It becomes the transport unit 85A and moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). 66 A of conveyance parts of the 1st transfer part 66 move back (arrow F direction). The transport unit 67A of the second transfer unit 67 moves forward (in the direction of arrow B). The conveyance unit 68A of the third transfer unit 68 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). The transport unit 69A of the fourth transfer unit 69 moves forward (in the direction of arrow B). The conveyance unit 70A of the fifth transfer unit 70 moves backward (in the direction of arrow F). The upper side of the mesh belt 90 located in the rear transfer unit 65 becomes the transport unit 90A and moves backward (in the direction of arrow F).

  The superheated steam generator 11 and the hot air generator 41 are operated. When the superheated steam generator 11 is operated, superheated steam is ejected from the water vapor outlet 12 toward the fifth transfer part 70 from the first transfer part 66 of the folding part 62. When the leather A is placed on the conveyance unit 85A of the mesh belt 85 of the front transfer unit 63, the leather A is transferred to the first transfer unit 66 of the folding unit 62. That is, the leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) and sent into the superheated steam drying furnace 3.

  The leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 in the transporting part 66A of the first transporting part 66 of the folding part 62. A1 is dried by superheated water vapor. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 71 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 71 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the second transfer unit 67. It is transferred to the part 67A.

  The leather A is transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) in the transport section 67A of the second transfer section 67 with the other surface A2 facing the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11, and the other surface A2 is ejected. Dry with superheated steam. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 72 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 72 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the third transfer unit 68. It is transferred to the section 68A.

  The leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the water vapor outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 in the conveying unit 68A of the third transfer unit 68, and one surface A1 is ejected. Dry with superheated steam. When the leather A approaches the upper roller 71 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 71 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the fourth transfer unit 69. It is transferred to the part 69A.

  The leather A is transferred forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 toward the water vapor outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11 in the transport unit 69A of the fourth transfer unit 69, and the other surface A2 is ejected. Dry with superheated steam. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 72 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 72 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the fifth transfer unit 70. It is transferred to the section 68A.

  The leather A is transferred rearward (in the direction of arrow F) in the transport unit 70A of the fifth transfer unit 70 so that one surface A1 faces the steam outlet 12 side of the superheated steam generator 11, and the other surface A2 is ejected. Dry with superheated steam. The leather A is transferred to the transfer unit 90A of the rear transfer unit 65, sent from the superheated steam drying furnace 3 to the intermediate conveyor 26 by the transfer unit 90A of the mesh belt 90 of the rear transfer unit 65, and is transferred by the intermediate conveyor 26. In the meantime, it is air cooled to room temperature.

  When the hot air generator 41 is operated, hot air is ejected from the hot air discharge port 42 toward the fifth transfer unit 70 from the first transfer unit 66 of the folding unit 62. When the leather A is placed on the conveyor 85A of the mesh belt 85 of the front transfer unit 63 from the intermediate conveyor 26, the leather A is transferred to the first transfer unit 66 of the folding unit 62. That is, the leather A is transferred backward (in the direction of arrow F) and sent into the hot air drying furnace 5. The leather A is transferred backward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generating device 41 in the transport unit 66A of the first transfer unit 66 of the folding unit 62, and one surface A1. Is dried by the hot air discharged. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 71 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 71 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the second transfer unit 67. It is transferred to the part 67A.

  The leather A is transported forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 facing the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generator 41 in the transport unit 67A of the second transport unit 67, and the hot air discharged from the other surface A2 is discharged. Dried by. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 72 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 72 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the third transfer unit 68. It is transferred to the section 68A.

  The leather A is transported backward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the hot air outlet 42 side of the hot air generator 41 in the transport unit 68A of the third transport unit 68, and the hot air discharged from the one surface A1. Dried by. When the leather A approaches the upper roller 71 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 71 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the fourth transfer unit 69. It is transferred to the part 69A.

  The leather A is transported forward (in the direction of arrow B) with the other surface A2 of the transport unit 69A of the fourth transport unit 69 facing the hot air discharge port 42 of the hot air generator 41, and the other surface A2 discharges hot air. Dried by. When the leather A comes close to the upper roller 72 on the sending side, the leather A is sandwiched between the portion of the mesh belt 75 that is in contact with the upper roller 72 and the fabric belt 83, folded back and reversed, and conveyed by the fifth transfer unit 70. It is transferred to the section 68A.

  The leather A is transported rearward (in the direction of arrow F) with one surface A1 facing the hot air discharge port 42 side of the hot air generator 41 in the transport unit 70A of the fifth transport unit 70, and the hot air discharged from the one surface A1. And is transferred to the transport unit 90A of the rear transfer unit 65. The leather A is sent out from the hot air drying furnace 5 to the rear conveyor 20 by the transport unit 90A of the mesh belt 90 of the rear transfer unit 65.

  The lower part 66B of the mesh belt 85 of the first transfer part 66 can be brought into contact with the transport part 67A of the second transfer part 67 so that the leather A is interposed between the lower part 66B of the mesh belt 85 and the transport part 67A. So that the lower portion 67B of the mesh belt 85 of the second transfer portion 67 can come into contact with the transfer portion 68A of the third transfer portion 68, so that the lower portion 67B of the mesh belt 85 and the transfer portion 68A are in contact with each other. The leather A is held so that the lower part 68B of the mesh belt 85 of the third transfer part 68 can come into contact with the transport part 69A of the fourth transport part 69, so that the lower part 68B of the mesh belt 85 and the transport part 69A The lower part of the mesh belt 85 is held so that the lower part 69B of the mesh belt 85 of the fourth transfer part 69 can come into contact with the transport part 70A of the fifth transfer part 70. 9B and leather A may be allowed to hold between the conveyor section 70A.

  When the leather A is placed on the front conveyor 19, the leather drying device 1 is loosened by the front staking device 51 and then conveyed to the first conveyors 21 </ b> A and 61 </ b> A, in the superheated steam drying furnace 3. Both surfaces A1 and A2 are primarily dried. Further, the primary dried leather A is placed on the intermediate conveyor 26 and cooled by air cooling to room temperature while being conveyed by the intermediate conveyor 26. Further, the leather A is loosened by the intermediate staking device 52 and conveyed to the second conveyors 21B and 61B, and the both surfaces A1 and A2 are further subjected to secondary drying in the hot air drying furnace 5. The leather A from which both surfaces A1 and A2 have been dried by the superheated steam and hot air is placed on the rear conveyor 20, and is squeezed by the rear staking device 53, thereby completing the leather drying process.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the drying process of the leather drying apparatus 1 squeezes the excess moisture of the leather subjected to the tanning process with a setting machine, and the leather with the front staking apparatus 51. Gently loosen and give the leather flexibility and elasticity (staking). Next, primary drying is performed by the superheated steam generator 11 in the superheated steam drying furnace 3, and the dried leather is cooled to room temperature by air cooling and loosened by the intermediate staking device 52 to give flexibility and elasticity. (Staking). Finally, secondary drying is performed by the hot air generator 41 in the hot air drying furnace 5, and the dried leather is further crushed by the vibration staking device 53 to give flexibility and elasticity (vibration). Finish the drying process.

  The leather drying apparatus sets the moisture content of the leather to about 45% in the setting step, makes the moisture content of the leather 25 to 30% in the primary drying, and makes the moisture content of the leather 7 to 9% in the secondary drying. The time required for the drying process of the leather is about 20 minutes, and the drying efficiency is extremely high.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the primary drying conditions described above are such that the temperature in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 is about 130 to 150 ° C., the residence time in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 is about 2 minutes 30 seconds to 10 minutes, The steam pressure is 0.1 to 0.3 Mpa, and the amount of ejected steam is 500 to 660 kg / h. If the temperature in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 is less than 130 ° C, it is not possible to expect a rapid temperature rise of the leather, and if it is 151 ° C or more, it becomes difficult to control the drying time. Is desirable. In addition, the residence time in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 varies depending on the thickness of the leather, the temperature of the superheated steam, the pressure of the superheated steam, the amount of steam, and how to apply the superheated steam, but about 2 minutes 30 seconds to 10 minutes. It is. When the numerical value is too high, the steam pressure and the amount of steam are excessively dry, and when the numerical value is too low, it is necessary to lengthen the drying time. Therefore, the jetting steam pressure is 0.1 to 0.3 Mpa, and the jetting steam amount is 500 to 500. It is desirable that it is 660 kg / h. Actually, the temperature in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 was about 140 ° C., the residence time in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 was about 4 minutes, the jet steam pressure was 0.3 Mpa, and the jet steam quantity was 660 kg / h. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the temperature of the leather instantaneously increased to less than 100 ° C. in the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and achieved the target moisture content in about 4 minutes. At that time, since the heat shrinkage limit temperature of the leather does not reach 110 ° C., the state of the leather itself is very good.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the secondary drying conditions described above are such that the temperature in the hot air drying furnace 5 is about 60 ° C. to 110 ° C., and the residence time in the hot air drying furnace 5 is about 7 minutes to 20 minutes. Since the temperature in the hot air drying furnace 5 must be changed according to the environmental conditions such as the season, it is desirable that the temperature is about 60 ° C to 110 ° C. If the temperature in the hot air drying oven 5 is less than 60 ° C, it takes time to reach an internal temperature of 40 ° C suitable for drying leather, and if it is 111 ° C or more, the heat shrinkage limit temperature of the leather may exceed 110 ° C. It is desirable that the temperature be about 60 to 110 ° C. The residence time in the hot air drying furnace 5 varies depending on the thickness of the leather, the temperature of the hot air, and the like, and is preferably about 7 to 20 minutes. Actually, the temperature in the hot air drying furnace 5 was about 100 ° C., and the residence time in the hot air drying furnace 5 was about 10 minutes. As shown in FIG. 9, the temperature of the leather gradually increased to 40 ° C. (surface temperature 60 ° C.) in the hot air drying furnace 5 and achieved the target moisture content in about 10 minutes. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, in order to return the internal temperature of the leather A raised by the primary drying to the room temperature between the primary drying and the secondary drying, a cooling process by air cooling for about 10 minutes is performed. This cooling step is performed by an intermediate transport unit 26 that takes the leather A from the superheated steam drying furnace 3 and transports the leather A to the hot air drying furnace 5.

  When the drying process of the leather drying apparatus is performed by the superheated steam generator 11 until the secondary drying, the temperature of the leather instantaneously rises to 100 ° C. as shown in FIGS. 6 and 10, and further 2 minutes. Since the heat shrinkage limit temperature of the leather exceeds 110 ° C., the temperature rises rapidly and the leather tends to be overdried, and therefore, it is very difficult to adjust the drying. When leather exceeds the heat shrinkage limit temperature of 110 ° C., the state of the leather itself shrinks and hardens, resulting in a leather that does not meet the specifications. Further, in the drying process of the leather drying device 1, when the primary drying is also performed by the hot air generator 41, a leather in a very good state can be obtained. Therefore, the time required for the drying process is about 3 hours, and the drying efficiency is not so good. In this way, the drying process of the leather drying device can drastically shorten the drying time by first drying the leather instantly with superheated steam and then slowly drying with hot air, and shrinking the leather. Good quality leather with a low rate and flexibility, elasticity, and stretchability can be obtained.

  The present invention can be used in a drying apparatus for drying leather that has been subjected to a tanning process.

A Leather A1 One side A2 The other side 1 Leather drying device 2 Conveying means (conveyor)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Superheated steam drying furnace 3a Upper wall 3b Front opening 3c Rear opening 5 Hot air drying furnace 5a Upper wall 5b Front opening 5c Rear opening 11 Superheated steam generator 12 Steam outlet 19 Front conveyance part (front conveyor)
20 Rear conveyor (rear conveyor)
21A 1st conveyance part (1st conveyor)
21B 2nd conveyance part (2nd conveyor)
22 Folding part 23 Front transfer part 25 Rear transfer part 26 Intermediate transport part (intermediate conveyor)
28 Wire belt 29a Front pulley 30a Tension pulley 31 First stage (upper)
31a First pulley 32 Second stage (next stage)
32a 2nd pulley 33 3rd stage 33a 3rd pulley 34 4th stage 34a 4th pulley 35 5th stage 35a 5th pulley 36 6th stage 36a 6th pulley 37 7th stage 37a 7th pulley 38a 8th pulley 39a Rear part Pulley 41 Hot air generator 42 Hot air outlet 51 Front staking device 52 Intermediate staking device 53 Rear staking device 61A First conveyor (first transport unit)
61B Second conveyor (second conveyor)
62 Folding part 63 Front transfer part 63A Horizontal part 63B Inclination part 65 Rear transfer part 66 First transfer part 66A Transport part 66B Lower part 67 Second transport part 67A Transport part 67B Lower part 68 Third transport part 68A Transport part 68B Lower part 69 Fourth transfer part 69A Transport part 69B Lower part 70 Fifth transfer part 70A Transport part 71 Upper roller 72 Upper roller 73 Lower roller 74 Lower roller 75 Mesh belt 76 Guide means 77 Guide means 78 Guide means 79 Guide Means 81 Guide roller 82 Guide roller 83 Cloth belt 85 Mesh belt 85A Conveying section 86 Guide roller 87 Guide roller 88 Guide roller 90 Mesh belt 90A Conveying section 91 Guide roller 92 Guide roller

Claims (8)

A drying device for drying leather with superheated steam and hot air,
It consists of a superheated steam drying furnace, a hot air drying furnace, and a conveying means for conveying leather continuously in the superheated steam drying furnace and the hot air drying furnace,
The superheated steam drying furnace is provided with a superheated steam generator for generating superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace,
A leather drying apparatus, wherein the hot air drying furnace is provided with a hot air generator for generating hot air in the hot air drying furnace. The transport means includes a first transport unit, a second transport unit, a front transport unit that transports leather to the first transport unit, and a leather transported from the first transport unit to the second transport unit. An intermediate conveyance unit that conveys the leather and a rear conveyance unit that conveys the leather sent out from the second conveyance unit backward,
The first and second transport units fold the placed leather, turn it over and transfer it, transfer the leather to the turning portion, and transfer the leather sent out from the turning portion to the rear The rear transfer section
The first transport unit is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace,
The leather drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second transport unit is provided in the hot air drying furnace. The superheated steam generator is disposed above the folded portion of the first transport unit, and jets superheated steam from the steam outlet formed in the superheated steam generator to the folded portion side,
The hot air generating device is arranged above the folded portion of the second transport unit, and is configured to discharge hot air from a hot air discharge port formed in the hot air generating device to the folded portion side. The leather drying apparatus according to claim 2.   The leather drying apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a staking device for squeezing leather is disposed in the front conveyance unit, the intermediate conveyance unit, and the rear conveyance unit. A method for drying leather in which leather is transported in order into a superheated steam drying furnace and a hot air drying furnace to dry the leather,
A primary drying step of drying the leather in a superheated steam drying furnace in which superheated steam is generated;
A cooling step of removing the leather from the superheated steam drying furnace after the primary drying step and cooling the leather;
A leather drying method comprising: a secondary drying step of drying the leather after completion of the cooling step in a hot air drying furnace in which hot air is generated. A leather drying method in which leather is transported in order in a superheated steam drying furnace and a hot air drying furnace by a transport means to dry the leather,
The transport means includes a first transport unit, a second transport unit, a front transport unit that transports leather to the first transport unit, and a leather transported from the first transport unit to the second transport unit. An intermediate conveyance unit that conveys the leather and a rear conveyance unit that conveys the leather sent out from the second conveyance unit backward,
The 1st and 2nd conveyance part folds the placed leather, turns it over and reverses it, moves the folding part, transfers the leather to this folding part, forwards the transfer part, and transfers the leather sent out from the folding part to the rear The rear transfer section
The first transport unit is provided in the superheated steam drying furnace,
The second transport unit is provided in the hot air drying furnace,
A primary drying step of drying the leather in a superheated steam drying furnace in which superheated steam is generated by transporting the leather by the first transport unit;
A cooling step of cooling the leather after the completion of the primary drying step during conveyance by the intermediate conveyance unit;
A leather drying method comprising: a secondary drying step of drying leather in a hot air drying furnace in which hot air is generated by transporting the leather after the cooling step by a second transport unit. The superheated steam drying furnace is provided with a superheated steam generator for generating superheated steam in the superheated steam drying furnace,
The hot air drying furnace is provided with a hot air generator for generating hot air in the hot air drying furnace,
The superheated steam generator is disposed above the folded portion of the first transport unit, and jets superheated steam from the steam outlet formed in the superheated steam generator to the folded portion side,
The hot air generating device is disposed above the folded portion of the second transport unit, and discharges hot air from the hot air discharge port formed in the hot air generating device to the folded portion side,
In the folded portion of the first conveying unit, one side of the leather and the other side of the folded and inverted leather are dried with superheated steam,
7. The method for drying leather according to claim 6, wherein, in the folded portion of the second transport unit, one side of the leather and the other side of the folded and inverted leather are dried with hot air.   The front transport unit, the intermediate transport unit, and the rear transport unit are provided with a staking device that squeezes the leather, and after the leather is squeezed by the front staking device, it is transferred to the first transport unit and superheated steam The leather dried by the above is squeezed by an intermediate staking device and then transferred to the second transport unit, and the leather dried by hot air is squeezed by a rear staking device. How to dry leather.

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