JP2011229020A - Power laying structure and power line communication method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure stable communication without restricting the number of branches of interior wiring.SOLUTION: The wiring is simply branched in a branching section branching only to the wiring going toward a necessary plug for communication 41 as in the branching section 31 and a branching circuit 32 is provided in the branching section branching only to the wiring going to an unnecessary plug for communication 42. The branching circuit 32 has a pass characteristic in a communication frequency band between a terminal 32a and 32b and a suppression characteristic in the communication frequency band in between terminals 32a and 32c and in between terminals 32b and 32c. The wiring going only toward the unnecessary plug for communication 42 is connected to the terminal 32c.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power laying structure and a power line communication method, and more particularly, to a power laying structure and a power line communication method related to power line communication using indoor wiring branched into a plurality of wirings.

  In the wiring of the power line used for power line communication, if there is a branch line that branches from the main line, the branch line becomes a stub circuit, which may affect transmission characteristics in the main line and prevent stable communication. Therefore, for example, in Patent Document 1, the influence of the branch line on the transmission characteristics of the main line is reduced by providing a termination circuit for matching impedance at the end of the branch line.

JP 2007-174546 A (FIG. 6)

  However, each branch line in the wiring of the power line can secure a stable communication speed by terminating, for example, while increasing the number of branch lines increases the branching to the branch line. As a result, the communication power decreases, the S / N ratio of communication information deteriorates, and the communication speed may decrease. Therefore, in order to ensure a constant communication speed, it is conceivable to limit the maximum number of branches in the power line wiring. However, limiting the number of branches means limiting the number of outlets used for indoor power supply. Therefore, there is a possibility that the number of outlets necessary for supplying power indoors cannot be secured.

  In other words, if you limit the number of branches to ensure the communication speed, you cannot secure the required number of outlets. Conversely, if you try to secure the number of outlets necessary for power supply, the maximum branch limit number that can ensure a certain communication speed This may cause a problem that communication becomes unstable.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a power line laying structure and a power line communication method capable of ensuring stable communication without limiting the number of branches of indoor wiring.

  The power line laying structure of the present invention is a power line laying structure for power line communication performed using indoor wiring that branches into a plurality of wirings toward the end, and branches only to the first wiring toward the first end. And a first branch part having a pass characteristic with respect to a communication frequency band used for power line communication, a second line directed only to a second end, and the first line, between all the first lines. The first line has a pass characteristic with respect to the communication frequency band, and the first line and the second line have a suppression characteristic with respect to the communication frequency band. 2 branch portions.

  Moreover, the power line communication method of the present invention is a power line communication method performed using indoor wiring that branches into a plurality of wirings that are directed toward the end, and in a branching portion that branches only to the first wiring that is directed toward the first end. Is a branching part that passes a signal with respect to a communication frequency band used for power line communication and branches to the second wiring and the first wiring only toward the second terminal, between all of the first wirings. Transmits a signal between the first wires with respect to the communication frequency band, and suppresses a signal with respect to the communication frequency band between the first wire and the second wire.

  According to the power line laying structure and the power line communication method of the present invention, by selectively using the first branch part and the second branch part, the signal is passed with respect to the communication frequency band when going to the first end, and the second branch part When going to the end, the signal is suppressed with respect to the communication frequency band. For this reason, communication is possible between the first ends, and since signals are suppressed to the second end, demultiplexing is reduced and communication power is secured. Therefore, stable communication can be ensured without restricting the number of wiring branches.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that a termination circuit for matching the impedance of the communication path connecting the first ends is provided at at least one end of the communication path. According to this, since the termination circuit for matching the impedance of the communication path is provided, the influence of the branch line on the main line is suppressed, and stable communication is possible.

  In the present invention, the first branch portion is provided in the branch portion subsequent to the first branch portion when the first branch portion is branched only to the first wire, and the second wire is connected to the second wire. When the branch is included, the second branch is provided, and the branch from the first wiring branched from the second branch is branched only to the first wiring. Is provided with the first branch portion, and in the case of including a branch to the second wiring, the second branch portion is provided and the second wiring branched from the second branch portion. It is preferable that the first branch portion is provided at the branch portion. According to this, even when the branch from the main line reaches multiple stages by arranging the first branch part and the second branch part in multiple stages, the branch line to the second terminal leads to the main line. The influence can be suppressed appropriately.

  In the present invention, the communication frequency band is a frequency band higher than the frequency band in power supply by indoor wiring, and the second branching unit suppresses a band equal to or higher than a lower limit frequency of the communication frequency band. In addition, a filter circuit that passes a band that is equal to or lower than an upper limit frequency of a frequency band in the power supply may be provided. According to this, since the communication frequency band is suppressed and the frequency band in the power supply is allowed to pass through in the second branching unit, both communication and power supply can be appropriately ensured.

  In the present invention, a filter circuit that suppresses the communication frequency band may be provided in the second branch section. According to this, a 2nd branch part is implement | achieved by a simple structure.

  In the present invention, an inductor may be inserted in series in a wiring that branches into the second wiring in the second branch portion. According to this, only a low frequency band can be passed by the inductor in the second branch portion.

  In the present invention, a parallel resonant circuit having an inductor and a capacitor may be inserted in series into a wiring branching to the second wiring in the second branching section. According to this, the second branching unit can be a filter that suppresses only a specific communication frequency band.

It is a block diagram which shows the wiring structure of the power line communication system which concerns on 1st Embodiment which is one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of a branch circuit in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating a specific example of the filter circuit of FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a modification of the branch circuit of FIG. 1. It is a circuit diagram which shows the structural example of the termination circuit provided in the communication outlet required of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the wiring structure of the power line communication system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment which is another one Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, the power line communication system 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment which is one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The power line communication system 1 of this embodiment has a power line laying structure as shown in FIG. This power line laying structure branches into a plurality of wirings toward a plurality of outlets provided indoors. Specifically, a single-phase three-wire main line 10 that is a main line and branch lines 21 to 25 that are branch lines branched from the main line 10 are provided. The branch lines 21 to 25 are all connected in phase with the main wiring 10. The power line communication system 1 performs communication using this power line laying structure as a communication path.

  Each of the branch lines 21 to 25 is connected to a plurality of outlets for supplying electric power to the electrical equipment. Each outlet corresponds to the end of the wiring in the power line laying structure of the power line communication system 1. These outlets include an outlet (hereinafter referred to as “communication required outlet”) 41 for connecting and communicating with a communication device, and an outlet not used for communication (hereinafter referred to as “communication unnecessary outlet”) 42. include. A communication device such as the communication device 51 and the communication device 52 that can communicate with each other is connected to the communication required outlet 41 (first terminal). Communication devices connected to the communication required outlet 41 communicate with each other using a predetermined communication frequency band through the power line laying structure. Electric power is supplied to the electrical equipment connected to the communication unnecessary outlet 41 and the communication unnecessary outlet 42 (second end).

  Each of the branch lines 21, 23, and 25 is connected with a plurality of communication-necessary outlets 41, and each of the branch lines 22 and 24 is connected with a plurality of communication-necessary outlets 42. That is, the branch lines 21, 23, and 25 are lines that branch from the main line 10 to the communication-necessary outlet 41 only, and the branch lines 22 and 24 are lines that branch from the main line 10 to the communication-necessary outlet 42 only. is there. Like the branch lines 21, 23, and 25, the wiring that configures the path connecting the communication required outlets 41 is not only the wiring that supplies power to the electrical equipment connected to the communication required outlet 41, but also the communication required outlet. 41 is a wire related to communication between the communication devices connected to 41. Such wiring is hereinafter referred to as “communication wiring”. Wirings such as the branch lines 22 and 24 that are not communication wirings are hereinafter referred to as “non-communication wirings”.

  Each of the branch lines 21, 23, and 25 is directly connected to two wirings included in the main wiring 10 in the branch part 31 of FIG. 1. When the wirings connected to the branch part 31 from the three directions A to C in FIG. 1 are the wirings A to C, respectively, the branch part 31 branches the wiring A into the wirings B and C. In the branch part 31, a signal can pass between any wirings. That is, a signal can pass between the wiring A and the wiring B, a signal can pass between the wiring A and the wiring C, and a signal can pass between the wiring B and the wiring C. In the first branch section 31 from the left in FIG. 1, the wirings B and C are communication wirings (first wirings) heading to the communication need outlet 41 on the rear stage side. In the second and third branch sections 31 from the left in FIG. 2, the wiring A is a communication wiring (first wiring) going to the communication outlet 41 on the front side, and the wirings B and C are also connected to the rear stage. The communication wiring (first wiring) heading toward the communication-necessary outlet 41 on the side.

  On the other hand, each of the branch lines 22 and 24 is connected to the main line 10 via the branch circuit 32 of FIG. The branch circuit 32 has terminals 32a to 32c. The terminal 32a is connected to the front side (the power transmission source side) of the main wiring 10, the terminal 32b is connected to the rear side (the side opposite to the power transmission source), and the terminal 32c is connected to the branch line 22 or 24. Is connected. In the following, “front stage” indicates an element on the side closer to the power transmission source in the power line laying structure, and “back stage” indicates an element on the side far from the power transmission source in the power line laying structure.

  The branch circuit 32 branches the wiring connected to the terminal 32a into a wiring connected to the terminal 32b and a wiring connected to the terminal 32c. The wiring connected to the terminal 32a is a communication wiring (first wiring) heading to the communication necessity outlet 41 on the front stage side. The main line 10 connected to the terminal 32b is a communication line (first line) that goes to the communication need outlet 41 on the rear stage side. The branch lines 22 and 24 connected to the terminal 32c are non-communication wiring (second wiring) that branches only to the communication unnecessary outlet 42.

  The branch circuit 32 is configured such that the transmission characteristics of signals between the terminals 32 a and 32 b become pass characteristics in a predetermined communication frequency band in the power line communication system 1. Therefore, when communicating using a predetermined communication frequency band between communication devices connected to the communication required outlet 41, communication through the terminals 32a and 32b is possible.

  On the other hand, the branch circuit 32 has a high impedance characteristic in the predetermined communication frequency band when the terminal 32c side is seen from the terminals 32a and 32b side, that is, between the terminals 32a and 32c and between the terminals 32b and 32c. The transmission characteristics of signals between them are all configured to be suppression characteristics. As described above, the non-communication wiring is connected to the terminal 32c. Therefore, the branch lines 22 and 24 that are non-communication wirings to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 are blocked from the communication path connecting the communication necessary outlets 41.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration example of the branch circuit 32. This configuration example includes wirings 61 and 62 connecting the terminals 32a and 32b, and wirings 63 and 64 branched from the wirings 61 and 62 toward the terminal 32c. The wirings 63 and 64 are connected to the terminal 32 c through the low pass filter 65. The low-pass filter 65 blocks a band above the lower limit frequency of the communication frequency band (for example, a band of 2 MHz or higher in so-called high-speed PLC communication), and a band below the upper limit frequency of the frequency band used for power supply (for example, power A band of 60 kHz or less is supplied when supplied by AC, and a DC band is supplied when supplied by DC.

  As a specific example of the low pass filter 65, as shown in FIG. 3, inductors 65a and 65b in which the magnitude of the inductance is appropriately set may be used. The inductor 65 a is inserted in series with the wiring 63, and the inductor 65 b is inserted in series with the wiring 64. By appropriately setting the magnitudes of the inductances of the inductors 65a and 65b, the low-pass filter 65 that passes only a band below a desired frequency is realized.

  By configuring the branch circuit 32 as described above, transmission loss between the terminals 32a and 32b in the communication frequency band can be reduced, and the influence from the branch line connected to the terminal 32c can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to secure power supply to the branch line connected to the terminal 32c.

  2 and 3, a low-pass filter is used. Instead of such a branch circuit 32, a filter that suppresses only the communication frequency band (2 to 30 MHz in so-called high-speed PLC communication) is used. It may be done. FIG. 4 is a configuration example of the branch circuit 132 in which such a filter is used. The branch circuit 132 includes wirings 161 and 162 connecting the terminals 132a and 132b, and wirings 163 and 164 branched from the wirings 161 and 162 toward the terminal 132c. The terminals 132 a to 132 c correspond to the terminals 32 a to 32 c in the branch circuit 32. The wirings 163 and 164 are connected to the terminal 132c via the LC resonance circuits 165 and 166. The LC resonance circuit 165 is a circuit in which an inductor 165a and a capacitor 165b are connected in parallel, and the LC resonance circuit 166 is a circuit in which an inductor 166a and a capacitor 166b are connected in parallel.

  The LC resonance circuits 165 and 166 are configured to suppress only the communication frequency band by appropriately adjusting the inductances of the inductors 165a and 166a and the capacitances of the capacitors 165b and 166b. As a result, the branch circuit 132 has suppression characteristics regarding only the communication frequency band between the terminals 132a and 132c and between the terminals 132b and 132c.

  A termination circuit 70 is connected to the communication required outlet 41 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a terminal 41a is a terminal connected to the branch line 21, 23 or 25, and a terminal 41b is a terminal connected to an electric device or a communication device. The termination circuit 70 is connected across two wirings, and has two capacitors 71 and 73 and a resistor 72. These elements are connected in series so that the capacitors 71 and 73 sandwich the resistor 72. The impedance of the termination circuit 70 is adjusted to match the characteristic impedance of the communication path connecting the communication required outlets 41 to each other. The communication required outlet 41 is terminated by the termination circuit 70 regardless of whether or not a communication device is connected. On the other hand, the communication unnecessary outlet 42 is not provided with such a termination circuit 70.

  According to this embodiment described above, the following effects are produced. Devices connected to an indoor outlet do not necessarily require communication with all devices. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the outlets provided indoors are classified into the communication required outlet 41 and the communication unnecessary outlet 42. Then, the branch line is simply branched to the communication required outlet 41 like the branch unit 31, while the branch line is branched to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 via the branch circuit 32. The branch circuit 32 has a pass characteristic in the communication frequency band between the terminals 32a and 32b connected to the main line 10, but is suppressed in the communication frequency band between the terminal 32c to which the branch line is connected and the terminal 32a or 32b. It is comprised so that it may have a characteristic.

  With such a configuration, in the frequency band used for communication, a branch to the communication required outlet 41 occurs, but a branch to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 becomes invisible. For this reason, even if the number of branches increases as a power supply wiring route, it does not cause an increase in the number of branches as a power line communication wiring route. Therefore, it is possible to freely increase the number of branches to outlets that require communication, up to the number of branches that allow stable communication, while branching to outlets that do not require communication to the power limit of the wiring.

  The communication required outlet 41 is provided with a termination circuit 70 for matching the impedance of the communication path connecting the communication required outlets 41 to each other. Thereby, it is suppressed that each communication required outlet 41 affects the communication of the communication apparatuses connected to the communication required outlet 41, and communication is stabilized. On the other hand, the communication unnecessary outlet 42 is disconnected from the communication path in the communication frequency band by the branch circuit 32. Therefore, even if the termination circuit 70 is not provided, the communication between the communication devices connected to the communication required outlet 41 is not affected, so that the termination circuit 70 need not be installed.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment which is another embodiment according to the present invention will be described. The second embodiment relates to a case where the indoor wiring is a multi-stage wiring branched in multiple stages. When such multi-stage wiring is performed, the branch circuit 32 may be provided whenever there is a branch to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 as shown in FIG. In addition, since the branch to the communication required outlet 41 is not required in the wiring directed only to the communication unnecessary outlet 42, the wiring is branched by the branching unit 31, thereby simplifying the configuration. In FIG. 6, each wiring is to be indicated by a plurality of lines, but is represented by a single line.

  Specifically, it is as follows. The wiring from the power transmission source on the left side in FIG. 6 first branches to one communication-necessary outlet 41 and a wiring toward the other outlet. In this branching portion, the branching portion 31 is used because the branching line is a communication wiring (first wiring) that goes to the communication required outlet 41. Next, the wiring from this branching portion 31 further branches into a non-communication wiring (second wiring) that goes only to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 and a communication wiring (first wiring) that goes to the communication required outlet 41. . For this reason, the branch circuit 32 is used in the second branch section. For convenience, the branch circuit 32 is referred to as a branch circuit 32x.

  In the branch circuit 32x, the non-communication wiring that goes only to the communication unnecessary outlet 42 is connected to the terminal 32c, and the other communication wiring that goes to the subsequent stage is connected to the terminal 32b. The non-communication wiring connected to the terminal 32 c is branched by the branching unit 31 and connected to the two communication unnecessary outlets 42. As described above, when the non-communication wiring connected to the terminal 32c of the branch circuit 32 is further branched, it is only necessary to branch to the communication unnecessary outlet 42. Thereby, the wiring can be branched with a simple configuration without further using the branch circuit 32.

  Two communication wires directed to the communication required outlet 41 are connected to the terminal 32b of the branch circuit 32x. As described above, a plurality of wires may be directly connected to the terminals of the branch circuit 32, whereby one wire may be directly branched into three or more wires by the branch circuit 32. One communication wiring connected to the terminal 32 b of the branch circuit 32 x is directed to the two communication outlets 41 through the branch part 31. In this way, in the branch section where only the communication-necessary outlet 41 is arranged in the subsequent stage, the branch section 31 may be used to branch the wiring.

  The other communication wiring connected to the terminal 32b of the branch circuit 32x branches to one communication required outlet 41 via the branch part 31, and is connected to the terminal 32a of the other branch circuit 32. ing. For convenience, the branch circuit 32 will be referred to as a branch circuit 32y. The branch circuit 32y is provided to branch the wiring to one communication unnecessary outlet 42. The terminal 32c of the branch circuit 32y is connected to a non-communication wiring that goes only to the communication-unnecessary outlet 42, and the communication wiring that goes to the two communication-necessary outlets 41 is connected to the terminal 32b via the branch portion 31. Yes.

  As described above, both of the branch circuits 32x and 32y are connected to the communication wiring in which the terminals 32a and 32b are directed to the communication required outlet 41. Thus, communication devices connected to the communication required outlet 41 can communicate with each other via the terminals 32a and 32b. On the other hand, both the branch circuits 32x and 32y are connected to the non-communication wiring in which the terminal 32c is directed only to the communication unnecessary outlet 42. As a result, the branch line toward the communication unnecessary outlet 42 is blocked from the communication path connecting the communication required outlets 41.

  With this configuration, the second embodiment also increases the number of branches in the power supply wiring path while suppressing the increase in branches in the power line communication wiring path, as in the first embodiment. Thus, the number of outlets that can be used for power supply can be increased.

<Modification>
The above is a description of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope described in the means for solving the problem. It is possible.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the termination circuit 70 is provided in the communication required outlet 41, and the termination circuit 70 is not provided in the communication unnecessary outlet 42. Thus, the communication required outlet 41 and the communication unnecessary outlet 42 have different configurations. However, the communication required outlet 41 and the communication unnecessary outlet 42 may not have different configurations. For example, the termination circuit 70 may be provided not only in the communication-necessary outlet 41 but also in the communication-necessary outlet 42, and neither the communication-necessary outlet 41 nor the communication-neutral outlet 42 is provided with the termination circuit 70. Also good.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that power line communication is mainly performed using a single-phase three-wire power line, and communication in the same phase is performed. However, the case where the communication in a different phase is included may be assumed and systems other than a single phase 3 wire type may be used as a power line.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that a branching portion in which one wiring mainly branches into two wirings is provided in the indoor wiring, but one wiring branches into three or more wirings. The case where the branch part which performs is provided may be assumed. The branch circuit 32 is configured such that two terminals 32a and 32b are connected to a communication line and one terminal 32c is connected to a non-communication line. However, the branch circuit 32 may have three or more terminals connected to the communication wiring and two or more terminals connected to the non-communication wiring.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power line communication system 10 Main line 21-25 Branch line 32,132 Branch circuit 41 Communication required outlet 42 Communication unnecessary outlet 51,52 Communication apparatus 65 Low pass filter 65a, 65b Inductor 70 Termination circuit 165,165 LC resonance circuit

Claims (8)

A power line laying structure for power line communication performed using indoor wiring that branches into a plurality of wirings toward the end,
A first branching portion branching only to the first wiring toward the first end, and having a pass characteristic with respect to a communication frequency band used for power line communication, between all the first wirings;
The first wiring and the first wiring branch to only the second terminal, and have a passing characteristic with respect to the communication frequency band between the first wiring, and the first wiring and the first wiring A power line laying structure comprising a second branch portion having a suppression characteristic with respect to the communication frequency band between the two wirings.   2. The power line laying structure according to claim 1, wherein a termination circuit for matching impedance of a communication path connecting the first ends is provided at at least one end of the communication path. In the branch section subsequent to the first branch section, the first branch section is provided when branching only to the first wiring, and the branch section including the branch to the second wiring is described above. A second branch is provided,
In the branching portion from the first wiring branched from the second branching portion, the first branching portion is provided when branching only to the first wiring. In the case of including a branch, the second branch portion is provided,
3. The power line laying structure according to claim 1, wherein the first branch portion is provided in a branch portion from the second wiring branched from the second branch portion. 4. The communication frequency band is a frequency band higher than the frequency band in power supply by indoor wiring,
The second branching unit is provided with a filter circuit that suppresses a band equal to or higher than a lower limit frequency of the communication frequency band and allows a band equal to or lower than an upper limit frequency of the frequency band in the power supply to pass. The power line laying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The power line laying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a filter circuit that suppresses the communication frequency band is provided in the second branch section.   The power line laying structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inductor is inserted in series in a wiring that branches into the second wiring in the second branch portion.   4. The parallel resonance circuit having an inductor and a capacitor is inserted in series in a wiring branching to the second wiring in the second branching section. 5. Power line laying structure. A power line communication method performed using indoor wiring that branches into a plurality of wirings toward the end,
In the branching part that branches only to the first wiring toward the first terminal, the signal passes through the communication frequency band used for power line communication in all of the first wiring,
In the branching portion that branches into the second wiring and only the first wiring that goes only to the second terminal, a signal is passed between the first wirings with respect to the communication frequency band, and the first wiring A power line communication method, wherein a signal is suppressed with respect to the communication frequency band between the second wiring and the second wiring.

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