JP2011223852A - Distributed power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a distributed power supply system in which, when single operation of a distributed power unit of a photovoltaic power generation device or the like is detected, while preventing power from being supplied from the distributed power unit to an electric entrepreneur side system, power can be supplied from a distributed power source to a consumer side continuously in accordance with a power generation, varying with the passage of time, of the distributed power unit without damaging safety, easiness and comfort of a consumer.SOLUTION: A distributed power supply system includes: a cable switchgear which is interposed in a cable from a commercial power supply system to a load circuit and makes parallel-off of both the load circuit and a distributed power supply system with the commercial power supply system; and a system protecting means for outputting a commercial power supply system failure detecting signal to the cable switchgear when it is detected that power supply from the commercial power supply system is intercepted. The cable switchgear opens its own contact with the signal as a trigger signal, makes parallel-off from the commercial power supply system and maintains power feeding from the distributed power source to the load circuit, on the other hand.

Description

The present invention relates to a distributed power supply system in which a distributed power supply system is linked to a commercial power supply system and power is supplied to a load circuit from both the commercial power supply system and the distributed power supply system.

Recently, the distributed power supply system is spreading. For example, install distributed power sources such as solar cells, fuel cells, micro gas turbines, wind power generators, etc. in close proximity to user loads, such as ordinary homes, apartment houses, and small businesses, to supply power to users. There are many.

FIG. 2 of Patent Document 1 shows an example of a distributed power supply system using a solar cell as a power generation source. In FIG. 2, the distributed power supply system includes a solar cell array 1 and power conversion means 4 incorporating an inverter 24 that converts DC power output from the solar cell array 1 into AC power. This power conversion means 4 detects the disconnection of the circuit breaker 25 that disconnects the distributed power from the commercial power system 11 and the circuit breaker 26 of the commercial power system 11 based on frequency fluctuations and voltage fluctuations, and disconnects the circuit breaker 25. The system interconnection protection device including the isolated operation detecting means 27 is built in.

And as disclosed in Patent Document 2, the inverter provided in the solar power generation device has a function of controlling the AC output voltage of the inverter to a constant voltage by the included control circuit, that is, a function of suppressing a voltage increase, And has a function of detecting isolated operation.

As for the function for detecting the independent operation of the inverter, as shown in Patent Document 2, when a system power failure occurs due to construction or the like while the output voltage of the inverter is connected to the power system, the inverter Is to stop. If the inverter remains in an operating state, the inverter output voltage is applied to the construction section of the power system due to the independent operation of the inverter, and there is a risk of electric shock to construction workers and the like. Therefore, the function of detecting the isolated operation is to detect a change in voltage due to the application of the output voltage of the inverter in the system power failure state and stop the inverter.

Regarding the detection function of the isolated operation, particularly when a plurality of private power generators are connected to the same pole transformer in the power system, whether or not this detection function works effectively is an important issue. In other words, if two private power generators are installed in the same area (called “bank”) where the pole transformer of the power system is the same, even if a system power failure occurs, When power is supplied, it may be difficult for the other inverter to detect a change in voltage due to the application of the output voltage and stop the inverter. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm in advance whether or not the function for detecting an isolated operation surely works between an existing private power generation device and a new private power generation device in the same bank. This confirmation work is often performed exclusively by an electric utility.

JP 2002-152976 A JP 2008-77369 A

As described above, in the spread of the solar power generation apparatus, since commercial power is conventionally supplied from an electric power company, power is generated on the consumer side. Therefore, power generation on the electric power company side and the consumer side is performed. Coordination and understanding of the situation will be important. In particular, in the case where two or more photovoltaic power generation devices are installed in the same bank, a single operation in which only the power generation device on the consumer side continues the power generation operation in a state where a system power failure on the electric power company side has occurred. If it continues, the output power is applied to the construction section of the power system on the electric utility side, and there is a risk of electric shock to construction workers, etc. When the isolated operation is detected, the operation of the inverter is stopped and the electric utility It has become an important issue to provide a function to prevent the output voltage from the photovoltaic power generator from being applied to the power system on the side.

However, when the isolated operation is detected, the output voltage is not applied to the power system on the electric utility side by stopping the inverter. Since the power supply is not performed, for the consumer, when the commercial power fails, the power supply from the solar power generation device is also stopped, resulting in a total power failure. If the system is shut down immediately after a power failure occurs on the electric utility side, the generated power cannot be used effectively even if the power generation operation of the solar power generation system is normal, and the power failure occurs. Along with this, it is conceivable that the safety, security and comfort of consumers' lives will be reduced.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when the power supply from the grid on the electric power supplier side to the consumer side is interrupted and single operation of a distributed power supply device such as a solar power generation device is detected. In this case, the power supply from the distributed power supply is supplied to the system on the electric utility side, thereby preventing an electric accident such as an electric shock from a construction worker on the system side, and the safety and security of the consumer. To provide a distributed power supply system capable of continuously supplying power from a distributed power source to a consumer side according to the amount of power generation that changes over time of the distributed power supply device without impairing comfort. Objective.

A distributed power supply system according to the present invention is configured to solve the above-described problems.
A distributed power supply system in which power supply to a load circuit is performed from both a commercial power supply system and a distributed power supply system interconnected to the commercial power supply system, wherein the distributed power supply system includes: An electric circuit switch interposed in the electric circuit from the commercial power system to the load circuit and connecting or disconnecting both the load circuit and the distributed power system from the commercial power system, and provided in the distributed power supply system A system that detects that the power supply from the commercial power system has been interrupted and outputs a commercial power system power failure detection signal to the circuit switch when it is detected that the power supply from the commercial power system has been interrupted And the circuit switch having received the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the system protection unit, the electrical circuit switch using the commercial power system power failure detection signal as a trigger signal. The contact of the closure is opened to cut off the electric circuit, and both the load circuit and the distributed power supply system are disconnected from the commercial power supply system, while power supply to the load circuit is continuously performed from the distributed power supply, A distributed power supply system may be configured by maintaining power supply to the load circuit.

According to such a configuration, when the commercial power system side fails and a single operation of the distributed power system on the consumer side is detected, the circuit switch that receives the single operation detection signal causes the commercial power system side to The circuit and the distributed power supply system side can be disconnected, and the power supply from the distributed power supply system is not applied to the commercial power supply system side, while the generated power from the distributed power supply is supplied to the consumer side Therefore, while preventing electrical accidents such as electric shock from construction workers on the commercial power system side, it is possible to continuously use distributed power sources on the consumer side without compromising the safety, security, and comfort of the consumer. It is possible to provide a distributed type power supply system that can supply power.

Moreover, the distributed power supply system according to the present invention includes:
The distributed power supply system is provided in a power system on the side of an electric power supplier that supplies the commercial power, detects that power supply in the power system has stopped, and supplies power to another power system In response to a transfer cut-off signal output from a transfer cut-off signal transmitter provided in a commercial power supply system for outputting a cut-off signal for stopping the transfer, a transfer cut-off signal reception for outputting the commercial power supply system power failure detection signal to the circuit switch A power supply that outputs a trigger signal for driving an electric circuit switch that connects or disconnects both the load circuit and the distributed power supply system to the commercial power supply system, from a system protection means provided in the distributed power supply system Instead of a system power failure detection signal, a commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the transfer interruption signal receiving device is used and output from the transfer interruption signal receiving device. The power circuit switch that has received the power system power failure detection signal for the power source uses the commercial power system power failure detection signal as a trigger signal to open the contact of the circuit circuit switch, and both the load circuit and the distributed power system are connected to the commercial power source. A distributed power supply system may be configured by disconnecting from the system.

According to such a configuration, by using the transfer cut-off signal from the electric utility side as a trigger signal for disconnection of the circuit switch, not only when a power failure occurs in the commercial power system, but also before the power failure occurs. However, when a power outage is likely to occur due to lightning, or when construction is planned for a commercial power supply system, a distributed power system on the consumer side is appropriately installed as required by the electric utility company. A distributed power supply system that can be disconnected can be provided.

Moreover, the distributed power supply system according to the present invention includes:
The electric circuit switch according to claim 1 or 2 is disposed in the vicinity of an electric wire lead-in part, and a main switch connected to the electric circuit switch on a load side of the electric circuit switch, and the main switch A housing having a bus connected to the load side of the power supply, a plurality of branch switches for branching power from the bus to each load circuit, and a switch for a distributed power system connected to the bus With a distribution board,
When the electric circuit switch is operated, a distributed power supply system may be configured such that all secondary circuits including the main switch are disconnected from the commercial power supply system.

According to such a configuration, a distributed power supply system that combines electrical safety on the commercial power system side, safety on the consumer side, security, and comfort without significantly changing the current distribution wiring can be used in ordinary households. It can be easily installed in dwelling units such as apartment houses, small business establishments, and the like.

The distributed power supply system according to the present invention further includes a power generating power calculating means for calculating power that can be generated by the distributed power system, and a current flowing through the branch circuit through the switch for the distributed power system. A current monitoring means for measuring, a current monitoring means for measuring a current flowing through each branch circuit, a current value obtained from the current monitoring means, and a power consumption value in the load circuit at that time, and a calculation of the power that can be generated Comparing with the power generation possible power value obtained by the means to obtain a usable power value with respect to the power generation possible power value, calculating a ratio of the usable power value with respect to the power generation possible power value, the ratio is below a predetermined ratio A load circuit controller that outputs a signal for shutting off the branch circuit and performs control to reduce power consumption in the branch circuit. When the load circuit and distributed power supply system are disconnected from the source system, the power consumption in the load circuit is controlled so that the power generation possible value in the distributed power system always has a margin for the power consumption value in the load circuit. A distributed power supply system may be configured as a feature.

According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a distributed power supply system that can continuously supply power from the distributed power supply according to the amount of power generation that changes over time of the distributed power supply device.

As described above, according to the present invention, when the power supply from the grid on the electric power provider side to the consumer side is interrupted and a single operation of a distributed power supply device such as a solar power generation device is detected, the electric utility By supplying the power from the distributed power supply to the commercial power system on the consumer side, while preventing electrical accidents such as electric shocks of construction workers on the commercial power system side, the safety, security and comfort of the consumer Thus, it is possible to provide a distributed power supply system that can continuously supply power from the distributed power source to the consumer side according to the amount of power generation that changes over time of the distributed power supply device without impairing the performance.

1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a distributed power supply system showing a first embodiment. FIG. The schematic block diagram of the distributed power supply system which shows 2nd Embodiment is shown. The block block diagram of the residential distribution board used for the distributed power supply system which shows 3rd Embodiment is shown. The block diagram of the distribution board for houses concerning the embodiment is shown. The schematic block diagram of the distributed power supply system which shows 4th Embodiment is shown.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a distributed power supply system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the distributed power supply system 1 according to the present embodiment supplies power to the load circuit 300 from both the commercial power supply system 100 and the distributed power supply system 200.

As the load circuit 300, a circuit to which an electrical device is connected is assumed, and a circuit in which input power is distributed to a plurality of branch circuits using a distribution board, such as a dwelling unit such as a detached house or an apartment, A single circuit is used. In addition to residences, circuits in various places such as offices and factories are applicable.

In the electric circuit 10 from the commercial power supply system 100 to the load circuit 300, an electric circuit switch 400 is interposed. When viewed from the commercial power supply system 100, the load circuit 300 and the distributed power supply system 200 are arranged on the downstream side (secondary side) of the circuit switch 400. When the circuit switch 400 operates, both the load circuit 300 and the distributed power supply system 200 are disconnected from the commercial power supply system 100.

The commercial power supply system 100 is a power supply system on the side of an electric power company such as an electric power company. At present, an AC power distribution system is generally used.

The distributed power supply system 200 is a power supply system provided on the consumer side. Currently, a power distribution system using a DC power source generated from a solar power generation device, a fuel cell, a micro gas turbine, a wind power generation device, or the like is generally used. It is.

Since the power source generated by the distributed power system 200 is a DC power source, an inverter device 210 is provided in the distributed power system 200 in order to convert the DC power source into a power source suitable for a load driven by the AC power source. It is connected. The power converted by the inverter device 210 is supplied to the load circuit 300 through the electric circuit 20.

The inverter device 210 is connected to a system protection means 220 that detects that the power supply from the commercial power system 100 has been interrupted. For example, in the case of a solar power generation device, the system protection means 220 is such that the power supply from the commercial power system 100 is interrupted and the solar power generation device performs an independent operation, like the system protection means used in the power conditioner. It is something to detect.

The system protection means used in a normal power conditioner acts on the inverter device to stop the operation of the inverter device so that the power output of the inverter is not applied to the commercial power system when an isolated operation is detected. The system protection means 220 in the present embodiment includes an output unit that outputs a commercial power system power failure detection signal to the outside when an isolated operation is detected, and the commercial power system power failure detection signal is connected to the signal line 30. To the electric circuit switch 400.

When the commercial power system power failure detection signal is input, the electric circuit switch 400 opens the contact device. The electric circuit switch 400 includes a contact device that turns on and off the electric circuit, a contact opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the contact device, an operation unit that operates the contact opening and closing mechanism from the outside and operates the contact device, and an external signal. Drive means comprising an input unit, a trip coil that is driven when the external signal is input and acts on the opening / closing mechanism to open the contact device, and a control circuit that excites the trip coil. .

In such a distributed power supply system, in a normal state, power is supplied to the load circuit 300 from both the commercial power supply system 100 and the distributed power supply system 200. When the power supply from the commercial power supply system side is interrupted and the isolated operation of the distributed power supply system 200 is detected on the consumer side, the electric circuit switching that receives the commercial power supply system power failure detection signal is detected. The device 400 opens the contacts, and the distributed power supply system 200 and the load circuit 300 are disconnected from the commercial power supply system 100.

Therefore, even if the power supply from the distributed power supply system 200 side is not applied to the commercial power supply system 100 side, and the construction power recovery work or the like is being performed in the commercial power supply system, the construction worker can receive an electric shock. The risk of doing so can be avoided.
Moreover, in a commercial power supply system, when a plurality of distributed power supply systems are installed in the same area as the pole transformer, the distributed power supply system in the present application includes a distributed power supply system together with a load circuit. Since the commercial power supply system is disconnected, it is possible to completely prevent the flow of power generated by other distributed power supply systems. It is possible to prevent the power supply from becoming unstable without being affected by the power generation from other distributed power supply systems in the same bank. On the other hand, when viewed from other distributed power supply systems in the same bank, the number of distributed power supply systems performing isolated operation is reduced, and it is easy to detect the isolated operation.

In addition, in order to detect whether or not the commercial power supply system 100 side has a power failure, a voltage transformer (PT), a voltage detector, or the like that detects that a voltage has been applied to the primary side of the circuit switch 400. The system protection means may receive a detection output from the voltage detector or the like via a signal line or the like and detect that the commercial power supply system 100 has failed.

In the distributed power supply system in the present application, when the power supply of the commercial power supply system is interrupted due to a power failure or the like, the distributed power supply system is disconnected from the commercial power supply system together with the load circuit, while the distributed power supply system is disconnected from the load circuit. Since the power supply system is not disconnected, when the power generation operation of a distributed power source such as a solar power generator is normal, the power supply to the load circuit is continuously maintained by the generated power, and the safety of consumers' lives Because there is no reduction in safety and comfort, and when the commercial power system side has a power failure, etc., power is not applied to the commercial power system side from the distributed power source in a single operation state. Electric accidents such as electric shocks of construction workers can be prevented.

The safety, security, and comfort of consumers' lives are assumed to be the result of electrical equipment that is operating due to the supply of electricity being stopped when the supply of electricity is interrupted. is doing. For example, security device operation stop caused by power failure, cooking utensil non-operation, lighting fixture off, water pump water supply operation stop, septic tank drainage operation stop, air conditioner operation stop, ventilation device operation stop, Various troubles are expected to occur due to the stop of the operation of the electrical equipment such as the stop of the operation of the server / client computer and the stop of the operation of the modem device / telephone device for using the Internet network. Of course, it is desirable to avoid the stoppage of electrical equipment related to safety as well as comfort.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the distributed power supply system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the distributed power supply system 1 according to the present embodiment supplies power to the load circuit 300 from both the commercial power supply system 100 and the distributed power supply system 200, as in FIG. It is what is said.

Here, in the first embodiment, in the distributed power supply system 200, when it is detected that the power supply from the commercial power supply system 100 is interrupted and the distributed power supply system performs a single operation, the power conditioner is used. The system protection means 220 provided was used to output a commercial power system power failure detection signal to the electric circuit switch 400 and to shut off the electric circuit switch 400.
In this embodiment, the transfer cut-off signal receiving device 110 provided on the commercial power system 100 side receives the transfer cut-off signal output from the transfer cut-off signal transmitting device on the electric utility side and receives the transfer cut-off signal. A commercial power system power failure detection signal is input to the electric circuit switch 400 from the transfer interruption signal receiving device 110 to cause the electric circuit switch 400 to be interrupted.

Here, the transfer cut-off signal transmitter generally means that when a power failure or the like in the distribution system on the electric utility side is detected, the power generation apparatus in the distribution system provided downstream from the distribution system continues to operate. This is a device that outputs a signal for instructing to disconnect or stop the power generation device from the distribution system in order to prevent a single operation state (see paragraph No. 0021 of JP-A-2004-187442). The transfer interruption signal transmission device (transfer interruption device) is connected to the distribution system when it is determined by the monitoring means that monitors the operating state of the substation circuit breaker and the monitoring means that the substation circuit breaker is open. It comprises signal injection means for injecting a column command signal. And when the signal receiving means for receiving the disconnection command signal and the signal receiving means receive the disconnection command signal, the control means for disconnecting the power generator from the distribution system by performing an opening operation of the breaker for the power generator As a result, the breaker for the power generator is opened.

The transfer cut-off signal output from the transfer cut-off device is injected into the distribution system as a pulse signal having a predetermined frequency that can be distinguished from the commercial power supply frequency.

In addition to the configuration of the transfer cutoff device, the transfer cutoff signal transmission device 101 according to the present invention detects that the power supply in the electric power system on the electric utility side has been stopped by the monitoring means, and is directed to another power system. A device provided with output means for outputting a cut-off signal for stopping power supply, and provided in a power system on the side of an electric power supplier that supplies commercial power.

Since the transfer cut-off signal transmitting apparatus 101 is provided in the distribution system on the electric utility side, the electric circuit 10 between the transfer cut-off signal transmitting apparatus 101 and the transfer cut-off signal receiving apparatus 110 provided near the consumer side is generally long. Often over distance. For this reason, similar to the above-described transfer cut-off device, the cut-off signal output from the transfer cut-off signal transmission device 101 is injected into the distribution system as a pulse signal having a predetermined frequency that can be distinguished from the commercial power supply frequency. It may be configured, but if it is assumed that each signal is attenuated while it is transmitted through the power distribution system due to the transfer route or relay transformer, etc. A communication line may be provided in parallel with the power distribution system to connect the transfer cutoff signal transmitter 101 and the transfer cutoff signal receiver 110.

In addition, since providing communication lines in all paths may increase costs, signal receiving means for connecting communication lines to a nearby power pole where the transfer cutoff signal receiving device 110 is installed are provided. A signal injection means for injecting a signal into a short-distance distribution system from the signal receiving means to the transfer cut-off signal receiving apparatus 110 is provided, while a transfer cut-off signal receiving apparatus 110 is provided with an injection signal receiving means to constitute a transfer cut-off A configuration may be adopted in which a signal from the signal transmission device 101 is transmitted to the transfer cutoff signal reception device 110.

The transfer cut-off signal receiving device 110 in the present embodiment is provided with a receiving unit that is interposed in the electric circuit 10 between the commercial power supply system 100 and the electric circuit switch 400 and receives the transfer cut-off signal output from the transfer cut-off device. . When the transfer interruption signal is received, a commercial power system power failure detection signal is output to the electric circuit switch 400 through the signal line 31. That is, the transfer interruption signal from the electric utility side is used as a trigger signal for causing the circuit switch to be interrupted.

In such a distributed power supply system, power is supplied to the load circuit 300 from both the commercial power supply system 100 and the distributed power supply system 200 in a normal state, as in the first embodiment. When a power failure or the like occurs on the commercial power supply system 100 side and power supply from the commercial power supply system side is interrupted, a transfer cutoff signal output from the transfer cutoff device on the electric utility side is transferred by the transfer cutoff signal receiving device 110. In response, by operating the electric circuit switch 400, the distributed power supply system 200 and the load circuit 300 are disconnected from the commercial power supply system 100.

Therefore, by using the transfer cut-off signal from the electric utility as a trigger signal for cut-off of the circuit switch, not only when a power failure occurs in the commercial power supply system, but also before a power failure occurs, If a power outage is likely to occur or if construction is planned in a commercial power supply system, the distributed power system on the consumer side can be disconnected as appropriate as desired by the electric utility company it can. When it is not desirable for the electric power company to apply power from the distributed power supply system 200 side to the commercial power supply system 100 side, the distributed power supply system can be disconnected, and power failure recovery can be performed in the commercial power supply system. When construction work is being carried out, it is possible to avoid the risk of electric shock of construction workers.

Also, in a commercial power supply system, when multiple distributed power supply systems are installed in the same area as the pole transformer, in the distributed power supply system in this application, transfer interruption from the electric utility side When there are multiple distributed power supplies in the same bank, which is likely to be a problem when performing independent operation detection on the power conditioner side, because the distributed power system along with the load circuit is disconnected from the commercial power system using signals. In addition, there is an advantage that the detection of the isolated operation can be performed more reliably without being difficult to detect the isolated operation under the influence of the mutual power generation.

In the distributed power supply system of the present application, the distributed power system is disconnected from the commercial power system along with the load circuit, while the distributed power system is not disconnected from the load circuit. If the power generation operation of the type power supply is normal, the power supply to the load circuit can be continuously maintained by the generated power, without reducing the safety, security and comfort of consumers' lives. Since power is not applied to the commercial power supply system from the distributed power supply in the operating state, it is possible to prevent an electrical accident such as an electric shock from a construction worker on the commercial power supply system.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the distributed power supply system according to the present invention. The distributed power supply system 1 according to the present embodiment is configured using a residential distribution board 500. The difference from the second embodiment is that the load circuit 300 is configured using a residential distribution board 500. Components similar to those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the residential distribution board 500, an electric circuit switch 400 is disposed in the vicinity of a wire lead-in portion from the commercial power supply system side. A main switch 301 is disposed on the load side of the electric circuit switch 400, and a bus 303 that is connected to each load circuit and branches power is connected to the load on the load side of the main switch 301 and the bus. A plurality of branch switches 302 and a distributed power system switch 304 connected to the bus are arranged.

The distributed power supply system 200 is connected to an inverter device 210 that converts a DC power supply into an AC power supply. The output of the inverter device 210 is input to the distributed power system switch 304 through the electric circuit 20. The inverter device 210 is connected to a system protection means 220 that detects that the power supply from the commercial power system 100 has been interrupted.

The commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the transfer interruption signal receiver 110 provided on the commercial power system 100 side on the electric utility side is input to the electric circuit switch 400 through the signal line 31. Further, a commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the system protection means 220 may be input to the electric circuit switch 400 via the signal line 30. Furthermore, a signal input terminal is provided in the electric circuit switch 400 so that the commercial power supply system power failure detection signal is input from both the transfer interruption signal receiving apparatus 110 and the system protection means 220, and the transfer interruption signal receiving apparatus 110 and the system protection means 220 are provided. The electric circuit switch 400 may be configured to operate when receiving a commercial power system power failure detection signal from any of them.

FIG. 4 shows a diagram in which the distributed power supply system 1 according to the present invention is applied specifically to a residential distribution board 500. In the case of the residential distribution board 500, there are a current limiter 600 installed by a contract with an electric utility provided in an electric wire lead-in part of a commercial power supply system, and an electric circuit connected to the load side of the current limiter 600 The switch 400, the main switch 301 connected to the load side of the circuit switch 400, the bus (not shown) connected to the load side of the main switch, and each load circuit connected to the bus A branch switch 302 that branches power to the power source, a distributed power switch 304 that is connected to the bus and receives power from the distributed power system, and is provided at each pole on the primary side of the circuit switch 400. Signal receiving means 111, a transfer cutoff signal receiving apparatus 110 to which a signal from the signal receiving means is input, and a signal line 30 to which a commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the transfer cutoff signal receiving apparatus 110 is transmitted. And provided To have. In this case, the commercial power supply system is connected to the current limiter 600. When the current limiter is not provided, the commercial power supply system is connected to the electric circuit switch 400. The load circuit 300 includes a main switch 301, a bus, a branch switch 302, an electrical device connected to the load side of the branch switch 302, and a distributed power system switch 304.

Here, the circuit breaker 400 is a circuit breaker that receives an external signal input (commercial power system power failure detection signal) and opens the contact device. External signal input is performed via the signal line 30. The signal line 30 is led out of the circuit breaker from the side surface of the circuit breaker. Further, the input of the distributed power source to the distributed power source switch 20 is performed via the electric circuit 20.

Further, as the signal receiving means 111, a current transformer is used, and the primary side electric wire of the electric circuit switch 400 is inserted into the current transformer, and the electric circuit is connected to the electric circuit by the transfer interruption signal restoration signal transmission device 101. An injected cut-off signal is detected.

When viewed from the commercial power supply system 100, the load circuit 300 and the distributed power supply system 200 are arranged on the downstream side of the electric circuit switch 400. When the circuit switch 400 operates, both the load circuit 300 and the distributed power supply system 200 are disconnected from the commercial power supply system, as in the other embodiments.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the distributed power supply system according to the present invention. The distributed power supply system 1 according to the present invention disconnects the distributed power supply system together with the load circuit from the commercial power supply system when the power supply is interrupted due to a power failure or the like. In the embodiment, when power is supplied to the load circuit by the distributed power supply system after being disconnected, the power supply to the load circuit is performed so that power can be supplied within the range of power that can be generated by the distributed power supply system. By controlling the power supply, the customer can continuously receive power from the distributed power source according to the amount of power generation that changes over time, without compromising the safety, security, and comfort of the consumer. It can supply power.

In this embodiment, the difference from the third embodiment is that power that can be generated in the distributed power supply device 200 is first measured by the power conversion means 201 that converts the DC power generated in the distributed power supply system into AC power. This means that the power generation possible power calculation means 230 is provided.

Further, the residential distribution board 500 includes a current monitoring unit 306a for measuring a current flowing through the branch circuit through the distributed power system switch 304, a current monitoring unit 306b for measuring a current flowing through each branch circuit, Calculate the power consumption value in the load circuit from time to time based on the current value obtained from the current monitoring means and compare with the power generation possible power value obtained by the power generation possible power calculation means 230 to use the power generation possible power value. While calculating the possible power value, calculate the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value, and when that ratio falls below the predetermined ratio, output a signal that shuts off the branch circuit and consumes it in the branch circuit. A load circuit controller 305 that performs control for reducing power, and a branch switch 307 that receives and outputs a signal from the load circuit controller. Is that digit.

Here, when the distributed power supply device 200 is a solar power generation device, for example, as the power generation possible power calculation means 230, a calculation for calculating the generated power based on the output voltage and output current of the solar power generation device 200. The microcomputer may comprise the means, the output variable means for changing the output voltage of the solar power generation apparatus 200, and the control means for controlling the output variable means to change the output voltage of the solar power generation apparatus. The control means performs a search operation for searching for an output voltage value at which the generated power calculated by the calculating means is maximized every predetermined time by changing the output voltage of the photovoltaic power generation device by controlling the output variable means. Do. Moreover, it is good to provide and comprise the output part which outputs the generated electric power value data used as the maximum calculated | required by the searched output voltage value outside.

Further, the current monitoring means 306a and 306b may be constituted by a current transformer (CT) that is used by being inserted into the electric circuit and that outputs an output signal corresponding to the magnitude of the current flowing through the electric circuit. In addition to using CT, a Hall element used close to the electric circuit may be used.

The load circuit controller 305 includes a signal input unit to which an output signal output from each of the current monitoring units 306a and 305b and an output signal output from the power generation capability calculation unit 230 are input, and an input signal Is calculated, the usable power value is calculated with respect to the power generation possible power value, the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value is calculated, and the ratio is equal to or less than a predetermined ratio (preferably, 20% is expected for safety And a branching circuit that outputs a signal for shutting off the branch circuit and outputs a signal for returning the branch circuit when the ratio exceeds the predetermined ratio, and these branches. A signal output unit that outputs a signal for controlling the shutoff / return of the circuit to the outside may be provided.

The load circuit control unit 305 is configured to be substantially compatible with the branch switch of the residential distribution board, and is used by being attached to the branch switch mounting part of the residential distribution board.

The branch switch 307 receives a signal from the load circuit controller and cuts off / in the electric circuit, and is configured using a remote control breaker.

Although not shown, signal lines for transmitting / receiving signals to each other are connected between the load circuit controller 305, the current monitoring means 306a and 306b, the power generating power calculating means 230, and the branch switch 307. It is configured to be turned.

Further, the distributed power system switch 304 is configured by using a leakage breaker. When a distributed power supply system is disconnected from the commercial power supply system together with a load circuit, if a leakage occurs on the distributed power supply system side, the leakage is detected and power is supplied from the distributed power supply system to the load circuit. This is to shut off.

The operation of the distributed power supply system in this embodiment will be described. When the distributed power supply system and the load circuit are disconnected from the commercial power supply system, power is continuously supplied from the distributed power supply system to the load circuit. The load circuit controller 305 obtains the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation power value for each predetermined time interval from the power generation possible power value in the distributed power system and the power consumption value in the load circuit. Blocking / returning control is performed using the ratio (20%) of the above as a threshold value.

When the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value is larger than the predetermined ratio, the calculation process for obtaining the ratio of the usable power value for each predetermined time interval is repeated without performing the control. When the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value is equal to or less than the predetermined ratio, a cut-off signal is output from the load circuit controller 305 to the branch switch 307 and consumed as a whole load circuit. Control to reduce power.

Since the power generation value of the distributed power system and the power consumption value of the load circuit are expected to change every moment, such control is repeated, and the power generation power value always has a certain margin It is something to keep in.

As for the branch circuit that performs the shut-off control, the shut-off control may be performed in order for the branch circuits registered in advance in the load circuit controller 305, or from time to time based on the output signal obtained from each current monitoring means 306b. The branch circuit that is expected to have a blocking effect may be configured to perform the blocking control. Here, the expectation of the shut-off effect means that the shut-off operation is performed for a circuit that actually consumes power so that the usable power obtained by the arithmetic processing is increased.

The return control of the branch switch will be described. As for the timing of return control of the branch switch, if the available power is restored immediately when the available power exceeds the predetermined ratio with respect to the power that can be generated, then the power is cut off again when the power that can be generated decreases. It is expected that. In other words, when the electrical equipment connected to the load circuit is viewed, it is temporarily shut off after being shut off, and then immediately shuts off, which is expected to inconvenience the user. For this reason, it is preferable not to perform the return control for a while after the shut-off control.

More preferably, the load circuit controller 305 identifies and stores a time measuring means (RTC: real-time clock), a time when the shut-off / return control is performed, and a target branch switch (load circuit). When the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value is larger than the predetermined ratio, a sufficient degree (at least several) for the branch switch that has been controlled in the past. It is preferable to perform the return control for the other branch circuit without performing the return control.

Further, providing the current monitoring means 306b in all branch circuits increases the cost. For example, the current monitoring means 306b is not all branch circuits but a part of the branch circuits (about 20%) to be controlled. Current monitoring means 306b is provided in a certain number of branch circuits, several places), and the total current flowing through the load circuit is measured by the current monitoring means 306a, and the circuit that actually consumes current when performing the interruption control. You may comprise so that interruption | blocking control may be performed. According to such a configuration, the remote control breaker is used only for the branch circuit that performs the shut-off / return control, while the normal branch switch that does not have the shut-off / return control function by the external signal is used for the other branch circuits. In combination with a reduction in the number of current monitoring means 306a used, it is difficult to increase the cost, and the distributed power supply device continuously distributes to the consumer side according to the amount of power generation that changes over time. A distributed power supply system that can supply power from a power supply can be provided.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

For example, in the distributed power supply system according to the present invention, when a plurality of distributed power supplies are provided (a solar power generation device, a fuel cell, a micro gas turbine, etc.), the distributed power supplies to which the respective distributed power systems are connected It is preferable to provide a residential switchboard by providing a switch for each and connecting to the bus. When each of the system protection means 220 for detecting the isolated operation state of the distributed power supply is provided, the input signal lines 30 of the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the system protection means are provided and connected to the circuit switch 40. Alternatively, a signal output centralized control device that collects commercial power system power failure detection signals output from a plurality of system protection means is provided, and the commercial power system power failure occurs from the signal output centralized control device toward the circuit switch 400. You may comprise so that a detection signal may be input.

In addition, the circuit breaker 400 is configured by using a circuit breaker that opens a contact device in response to an external signal. However, in addition to a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker, an electromagnetic contact A device that opens and closes the contact device in response to an external control signal, such as a device, a remote control relay, or a remote control breaker.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distributed type power supply system 100 Commercial power supply system 110 Transfer interruption | blocking signal receiver 111 Signal receiving means 200 Distributed type power supply system 201 Power conversion means 210 Inverter apparatus 220 System protection means 230 Power generation possible power calculation means 300 Load circuit 301 Main switch 302 Branch switch
303 Bus 304 304 Switch for Distributed Power Supply System 305 Load Circuit Controller 306 Current Detection Unit 307 Branch Switch 400 Electric Circuit Switch 500 Residential Distribution Panel 600 Current Limiter

Claims (4)

The power supply to the load circuit
A distributed power supply system performed from both a commercial power supply system and a distributed power supply system interconnected to the commercial power supply system,
The distributed power supply system includes:
An electrical circuit switch interposed between the commercial power supply system and the load circuit, and connecting or disconnecting both the load circuit and the distributed power system from the commercial power system;
When it is detected that the power supply from the commercial power supply system provided in the distributed power supply system has been interrupted, and it is detected that the power supply from the commercial power supply system has been interrupted, System protection means for outputting a detection signal to the electric circuit switch,
The electric circuit switch that has received the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the system protection means opens the contact of the electrical circuit switch using the commercial power system power failure detection signal as a trigger signal,
While the load circuit and the distributed power system are both disconnected from the commercial power system,
The distributed power supply system is characterized in that power supply to the load circuit is continuously performed from a distributed power supply, and power supply to the load circuit is maintained.
The distributed power supply system includes:
Provided in the electric power system on the electric utility side supplying the commercial power supply,
Transfer cut-off output from a transfer cut-off signal transmitting device provided in a commercial power supply system that detects that the power supply in the power grid is stopped and outputs a cut-off signal for stopping power supply toward another power system Receiving a signal, comprising a transfer interruption signal receiving device for outputting the commercial power system power failure detection signal to the electric circuit switch,
A trigger signal that drives an electric circuit switch that connects or disconnects both the load circuit and the distributed power system from the commercial power system,
Instead of the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the system protection means provided in the distributed power system, configured using the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the transfer cutoff signal receiver,
The circuit switch that has received the commercial power system power failure detection signal output from the transfer cutoff signal receiving device, the contact that the circuit circuit switch has with the commercial power system power failure detection signal as a trigger signal,
2. The distributed power supply system according to claim 1, wherein both the load circuit and the distributed power supply system are disconnected from the commercial power supply system.
While arranging the electric circuit switch according to claim 1 or claim 2 in the vicinity of the commercial electric wire lead-in part,
On the load side of the circuit switch,
A main switch connected to the circuit switch;
A bus connected to the load side of the main switch;
A plurality of branch switches for branching power from the bus to each load circuit;
A switch for a distributed power system connected to the bus;
Comprising a residential distribution board with
3. The distributed power supply according to claim 1, wherein when the circuit switch is operated, all secondary circuits including the main switch are disconnected from a commercial power system. system.
The distributed power supply system includes:
Further, a power generating power calculating means for calculating power that can be generated by the distributed power system,
Current monitoring means for measuring the current flowing through the branch circuit through the distributed power system switch; and current monitoring means for measuring the current flowing through each branch circuit;
The power consumption value in the load circuit at that time is calculated from the current value obtained from the current monitoring means, and compared with the power generation possible power value obtained by the power generation possible power calculation means, and can be used for the power generation possible power value. The power value is obtained, the ratio of the usable power value to the power generation possible power value is calculated, and when the ratio falls below a predetermined ratio, a signal for shutting off the branch circuit is output, and the power consumption in the branch circuit A load circuit controller that performs control to reduce
Whenever a load circuit and a distributed power system are disconnected from the commercial power system,
4. The distributed power supply system according to claim 3, wherein the power consumption in the load circuit is controlled so that the power generation possible value in the distributed power system has a margin relative to the power consumption value in the load circuit.

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