JP2011222824A - Waste heat recovery method with solar cell module and waste heat recovery apparatus therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus with a solar cell module that can effectively recover solar energy compared to conventional apparatuses with a solar cell module.SOLUTION: A solar cell module is configured to be capable of absorbing and recovering waste heat on a surface side of the solar cell module so as to be capable of effectively utilizing solar energy. A light-transmitting cover is spaced from a surface side of the module, and a surface-side passage is defined between the cover and the module. A liquid is supplied to the surface-side passage to allow waste heat to be recovered on a surface of the module. A rear-surface-side passage may be formed with a heat absorbing device provided on a rear surface side such that the heat absorbing device absorbs and recovers waste heat in the rear-surface-side passage prior to recovering waste heat on the surface of the module. A separate light-transmitting cover may be spaced from a surface side of the light-transmitting cover with an air layer defined between the covers. A heat insulator for preventing waste heat may be provided on rear surfaces of the module or the heat absorbing device.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for recovering exhaust heat from a solar cell module and an exhaust heat recovery device thereof, which can realize both power generation by the solar cell module and recovery of heat radiation (exhaust heat) from the solar cell module. It can be used effectively by converting to.

  Recently, solar heat and sunlight are attracting attention as energy sources, and solar water heaters (solar water heaters) that use solar heat, solar cell modules that generate power using solar energy, and the like have been put into practical use. These water heaters and modules emit almost no carbon dioxide and help to combat global warming.

  Solar water heaters can absorb solar thermal energy into water or the like and convert it into thermal energy with an efficiency of about 50%, and can use solar heat with relatively high efficiency.

  Solar cell modules receive solar energy and generate electricity, but the energy conversion efficiency is only about 15%, and some of them are converted to Joule heat by the resistance in the cell that is a component of the solar cell module. About 85% of the solar energy received from the sun is released into the atmosphere in the form of surface reflection and heat release from the solar cell module and is not used.

  Conventionally, in order to recover the heat radiation (exhaust heat), there is one in which a heat recovery device is provided on the back side of a solar cell panel (power generation panel). This heat recovery device recovers exhaust heat from the power generation panel by passing water through a water pipe piped on the back side (Patent Document 1).

JP-A-8-5160

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1, exhaust heat on the back surface side of the power generation panel can be recovered to some extent, but exhaust heat on the front surface side cannot be recovered, so sufficient heat recovery is not performed, and much heat is still in the atmosphere. The fact is that it is released (exhaust).

  Prior to the development of the present invention, the present inventor conducted research on the relationship between the heat dissipation of the solar cell module and the convection of air, and elucidated the following. When atmospheric molecules touch the solar cell module, kinetic energy is obtained from the micro insulators of the members constituting the module surface (light receiving surface) that is thermally vibrating. In other words, the air molecules that touch the solar cell module at this time rise in temperature and obtain buoyancy. While the number of molecules is small, even the heated molecules remain in the region close to the solar cell module. As the time elapses, the number of heated molecules increases and forms a higher temperature layer. Since this layer interferes with the cooling of the solar cell module, the cooling efficiency of the module decreases. Over time, the thickness of the hot layer increases and the buoyancy also increases, making it impossible to remain close to the solar cell module. At this time, the high temperature layer peels off from the module surface and rises, and surrounding unheated air enters as a hole filling (natural convection). This process is repeated, and the heat of the solar cell module is intermittently released to the atmosphere. Therefore, if the air convection due to buoyancy is obstructed, the temperature of the module further increases. This phenomenon is similarly observed on the surface of the solar cell module (the light receiving surface and the back surface on the opposite side), but there is a significant difference between the front surface and the back surface. Although the above-mentioned process appears on the front surface, the solar cell module is disposed at an inclination (usually 30 degrees with respect to the arrangement surface such as the roof) even if the layer whose temperature is increased due to buoyancy increases on the back surface. However, although the above-mentioned floating air layer crawls up, it cannot be peeled off from the back of the module, and cooling of the solar cell module is hindered because the surrounding low-temperature air is not supplied. The When there is wind, the air layer in the vicinity of the solar cell module is always swept (forced convection) regardless of whether or not the temperature has risen. The heat dissipation of the battery module is promoted efficiently. Similarly, in the case of the back surface, when there is a wind blowing there, the air layer close to the module is swept.

  In the present invention, the solar cell module means a unit for use so that a necessary voltage can be obtained by connecting a large number of solar cell elements. It is used as a general term including a package in which a battery element is sealed and all photovoltaic power generation bodies similar to these.

  Based on the above elucidation, the present inventor repeated experiments on the temperature characteristics of the front and back surfaces of the existing (commercially available) thin film module, and the heat dissipation rate from the solar cell module is 30% on the normal roof (for example, on the roof of a house). It was confirmed by actual measurement that the front surface was about 10% higher than the back surface in the case of using the power generation by installing at an inclination of degrees.

  An existing general solar cell module includes a thin plate cell for converting solar thermal energy into electric energy, a transparent synthetic resin frame surrounding the cell, and a transparent glass plate attached to the surface. Transparent white glass with high conductivity is used. If the module is upright and the wind blowing conditions are the same, the surface temperature will be higher than the back surface temperature, but the main reason is that this white plate glass is used. Thus, the temperature of the module surface tends to be higher than the temperature of the back surface, and a lot of solar energy is still released (discharged) into the atmosphere in the form of heat only by heat recovery from the back surface of the solar cell module. Elucidated that it has been.

  The present invention provides a heat recovery mechanism on the surface of the solar cell module so that the exhaust heat from the solar cell module can be efficiently recovered from the surface with a large exhaust heat ratio, and can also be recovered from the back surface as necessary, and the recovered thermal energy It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar battery module exhaust heat recovery method and exhaust heat recovery apparatus that can effectively use the solar battery module in hot water supply equipment and the like, and even if a heat recovery mechanism is provided on the surface, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell module is hardly hindered or reduced.

(Method for heat recovery of solar cell module)
The method for recovering exhaust heat of a solar cell module according to the present invention is a method for recovering heat radiation (exhaust heat) from a solar cell module that has received solar energy, and a surface side passage (solar cell module) provided on the surface of the solar cell module The liquid is supplied to a planar passage having almost the same area as the surface of the surface, and the liquid is continuously or intermittently moved in the surface-side passage, and the liquid absorbs and recovers the exhaust heat from the solar cell module. It is a method to do.

  In the exhaust heat recovery method for a solar cell module of the present invention, heat from the solar cell module can also be absorbed and recovered by a heat absorption device on the back surface side of the solar cell module. In this case, the exhaust heat can be recovered separately on the front side and the back side, but the liquid recovered by the heat absorption device on the back side is sent to the front side passage, and the exhaust heat on the front side is absorbed by the liquid and recovered. You can also

  In the exhaust heat recovery method for a solar cell module of the present invention, a heat insulating material can be provided on the back side of the solar cell module to prevent exhaust heat from the back side.

  In any of the above cases, in the solar cell module heat recovery method of the present invention, it is preferable that the liquid flow from the lower side to the upper side of the front surface passage or / and the rear surface side passage to facilitate flow rate control and flow rate control of the liquid. .

(Exhaust heat recovery device for solar cell module)
The exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module of the present invention is a recovery device that recovers exhaust heat from a solar cell module that has received solar energy, and a translucent cover is disposed away from the surface of the solar cell module and opposed to the surface. The surface and the translucent cover cover are hermetically sealed to form a planar surface-side passage through which liquid can flow between the surface and the translucent cover, the liquid supply port is provided at one end of the surface-side passage, and the other end A liquid outlet is formed on the side.

  In the solar cell module exhaust heat recovery apparatus of the present invention, an outer light-transmitting cover is provided outside the light-transmitting cover in the surface-side passage of the solar cell module, and the air around which the periphery is closed between the two light-transmitting covers. It can also be provided with a layer.

  The exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module of the present invention can also be provided with a heat absorption device capable of flowing a liquid on the back surface of the solar cell module. In this case, the endothermic device and one outlet of the surface-side passage and the other inlet are communicated so that the liquid that has passed through either the heat-absorbing device or the surface-side passage is supplied to the other. It is also possible to separate the outlet and the inlet of the surface side passage and allow the liquid to pass separately through the heat absorbing device and the surface side passage.

  In the exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module according to the present invention, a heat insulating material that prevents exhaust heat from the back surface can be provided on the back surface of the solar cell module.

The exhaust heat recovery method of the solar cell module of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) Since the heat from the solar cell module has a higher heat generation rate than the back surface and is recovered from the front surface side that has been discharged without being recovered, the recovery efficiency is good.
(2) Since the heat from the solar cell module is also collected by the heat absorption device on the back side, the collection efficiency is good.
(3) Since the high temperature of the solar cell module, which is a cause of a decrease in power generation efficiency, can be prevented by heat recovery, efficient power generation can be performed with the solar cell module. By the way, solar cell modules are known to have a 0.5% reduction in power generation efficiency with a single temperature rise.
(4) It is possible to obtain both power generation and hot water with the solar cell module.

The exhaust heat recovery device for the solar cell module of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) On the surface side of the solar cell module, a light-transmitting cover is provided at a distance from the surface to provide a planar surface-side passage, so that the structure of the surface-side passage is simple and the surface-side passage is heated to a rate of heat generation. Since it is provided on the surface side where there is a lot of heat, it becomes an exhaust heat recovery device with good heat absorption efficiency.
(2) Since the cover is provided on the light-transmitting cover and an air layer is provided between the light-transmitting cover, heat radiation from the light-transmitting cover is suppressed.
(3) When a heat absorption device is provided on the back side of the solar cell module to expand the heat exchange area, the amount of heat recovery increases, and the temperature rise on the back side can be prevented. Capability reduction can be suppressed.
(4) A solar cell module having both functions of a power generator and a water heater.

An example of the exhaust-heat recovery apparatus of the solar cell module of this invention is shown, Comprising: (a) is a whole schematic diagram, (b) is XX sectional drawing of (a). The disassembled perspective view which shows an example of the waste heat recovery apparatus of the solar cell module of this invention. The other example of the exhaust-heat recovery apparatus of the solar cell module of this invention is an exploded perspective view at the time of providing the thermal absorption apparatus in the back surface. The back surface side explanatory view of the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module which provided the heat absorption device in the back surface side of the solar cell module. The example of use of a solar cell module using a plurality of exhaust heat recovery devices of the solar cell module of the present invention is shown, and (a) is a plan side explanatory view when no heat absorption device is provided on the back surface, (b). These are back surface side explanatory drawings at the time of providing a heat sink on the back surface.

(Method for recovering exhaust heat from solar cell modules)
The exhaust heat recovery method of the solar cell module of the present invention is a method of recovering the exhaust heat released from the solar cell module that has received solar energy, and in the planar surface side passage provided on the surface side of the solar cell module. In this method, a liquid is flowed and the exhaust heat from the solar cell module is absorbed by the liquid on the surface side and recovered. Normally, the solar cell module is installed on the roof with an inclination of about 30 degrees toward the sun, so adjusting the flow rate and flow rate of the liquid flowing in the surface passage when the liquid flows upward from below the solar cell module Therefore, it is desirable to flow from below to above in the present invention. When it is difficult to send water from below with tap water, it is better to pressurize the water with a water supply device. By decreasing the flow rate of the liquid supplied to the surface side passage, the liquid temperature exiting from the surface side passage increases, and by increasing the flow rate, the liquid temperature decreases.

  In this invention, it can collect | recover not only in the surface side of a solar cell module but in a back surface side. In this case, the liquid can be supplied to the heat-absorbing device provided on the back side to absorb the heat and be collected.

  The liquid first flows to the heat absorption device on the back side from below, and the liquid that has passed through the heat absorption device flows from the bottom to the top in the front-side passage to absorb the heat on the back side first, It is also possible to absorb the heat on the surface side. On the contrary, the liquid is first flowed to the surface side passage, the liquid that has passed through the surface side passage is flowed to the heat absorption device on the back surface side, the heat on the front surface side is absorbed first, and the heat on the back surface side is later Can also be absorbed. Also in this case, since the liquid is allowed to flow upward from the lower side of the heat absorbing device and the surface side passage, the flow rate and flow rate can be easily controlled.

  In this invention, a heat insulating material can be provided in the back surface side of a solar cell module, and the heat radiation from the back surface side of a solar cell module can also be prevented.

  Water such as tap water and well water is suitable as the liquid, but when used in Hokkaido, Tohoku, other cold areas, etc., liquids that are difficult to freeze, such as transparent antifreeze liquid (oil), can be used. It can also be a transparent liquid. The liquid to be supplied can be supplied in an amount that is always filled in the front-side passage or the heat-absorbing device on the back surface, but can also be supplied in an amount that can fill part of the inside. The liquid can flow constantly in the surface-side passage and the heat absorption device, or can be temporarily retained and heated up to a predetermined temperature (flowed intermittently).

(Solar cell module exhaust heat recovery device)
An exhaust heat recovery device (hereinafter referred to as “exhaust heat recovery device”) of a solar cell module of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) and 1 (b), a liquid supply facility 3 is connected to the exhaust heat recovery device 1 via a pressure regulator 2 on the liquid supply side, and a storage facility 4 is connected to the hot water discharge side.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 has a translucent translucent cover 5 arranged opposite to the surface of the solar cell module 6 with a space therebetween, and the periphery of the translucent cover 5 and the solar cell module 6. Is sealed, and a planar surface-side space (passage) 7 is formed between the translucent cover 5 and the surface of the solar cell module 6. When liquid (for example, tap water) is supplied from the liquid supply facility (for example, tap water) 3 to the surface side passage 7 through the pressure adjusting device 2, the liquid from the solar cell module 6 passes through the surface side passage 7. It is heated by the exhaust heat (the liquid absorbs the exhaust heat) to become hot water, and the hot water is sent from the surface side passage 7 to the storage facility 4 (for example, a hot water storage tank or hot water use facility). There is a power supply terminal 8 on the back of the exhaust heat recovery device 1, from which a power cord 8a is drawn, and a power plug 8b is connected thereto.

  In the following description, when the exhaust heat recovery device 1 is inclined about 30 degrees and installed on the roof of a building or the like, the solar light receiving surface of the solar cell module 6 is the front surface, the opposite side is the back surface, and the lower position is In the following description, the direction to be performed is set as the lower side and the direction positioned at the upper side as the upper side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B has a lower extension plate 9 connected to the lower side of the solar cell module 6 and an upper extension plate 10 connected to the upper portion thereof. A connection module 11 is formed, a heat insulating material 12 is disposed on the back side of the extension plate connection module 11, a rectangular frame 13 is disposed on the front surface, and the translucent cover 5 is disposed on the frame 13. It is stored inside. The lower extension plate 9 and the upper extension plate 10 can be fixed with an adhesive or other fixing means.

  An existing or new solar cell module 6 of the present invention can be used. The existing solar cell module 6 generally includes a thin plate-like cell 15 that converts solar energy into electric energy, a transparent synthetic resin 16 that surrounds the outer periphery of the cell 15, and a transparent glass plate provided on the surface of the synthetic resin 16. (Usually a white glass plate) 17 is provided.

  The lower extension plate 9 and the upper extension plate 10 can be made of resin or other materials. The lower extension plate 9 has a supply hole 9a, and the upper extension plate 10 has a delivery hole 10a. As shown in FIG. 1, a water supply pipe 18 is connected to the supply hole 9a, and the pressure adjusting device 2 and the liquid supply equipment 3 are connected to the water supply pipe 18, and the liquid supplied from the liquid supply equipment 3 is pressure-adjusted. The pressure is adjusted by the apparatus 2 and supplied to the water supply pipe 18 so as to be fed into the surface side passage 7 from the supply hole 9a. A delivery pipe 19 is connected to the delivery hole 10a, so that the liquid that has absorbed heat in the surface-side passage 7 and heated up is delivered from the delivery pipe 19 to the storage facility 4 as shown in FIG. is there.

  The frame 13 (FIG. 2) has a rectangular frame shape slightly smaller than the outer peripheral edge of the surface of the extension plate connection module 11, and is disposed and fixed on the outer peripheral edge of the surface of the extension plate connection module 11. The frame 13 is for ensuring the height of the surface-side passage 7 (the space between the white glass plate on the surface of the solar cell module 6 and the light-transmitting cover 5 overlaid on the surface), and the thickness is an arbitrary dimension. However, about 0.5 mm to 5 mm is preferable. The shape and size of the frame 13 can correspond to the shape and size of the extension plate coupling module 11. The frame 13 is preferably made of resin from the viewpoint of weight reduction, but may be made of other materials. The frame 13 can be fixed to the surface of the extension plate connecting module 11 by various fixing means such as an adhesive, screws, bolts and nuts.

  The translucent cover 5 is transparent through which sunlight can pass, and is disposed on the frame 13 and fixed with an adhesive. The translucent cover 5 has a size capable of covering the entire surface of the extension plate coupling module 11 and has a thickness of about 3 mm. The thickness may be thicker or thinner than that, for example, about 5 mm. The translucent cover 5 can be made of various materials such as a transparent glass plate, a resin plate, and a resin film. If the translucent cover 5 is hard to be deformed, the surface side passage 7 can have a constant volume. However, in some cases, it may be flexible (flexible). Tempered glass can be used for the translucent cover 5 from the viewpoint of strength. When tempered glass is used, water can be fed directly from the liquid supply equipment 3 without reducing the pressure by the pressure adjusting device (pressure adjusting valve) 2. The thickness and shape of the translucent cover 5 can be selected in accordance with the shape and size of the extension plate connecting module 11. The translucent cover 5 can be fixed to the frame 13 by various fixing means such as an adhesive, screws, bolts and nuts.

  The outer periphery of the three members of the extension plate connecting module 11, the frame 13, and the light transmitting cover 5 is sealed with a sealing material or other waterproofing material and sealed, and the surface of the extension plate connecting module 11 is surrounded by the three members. A planar surface-side passage 7 having the same size as the above is formed. As the sealing material, for example, an existing material such as silicon or butyl sealant can be used.

  Two support members 20 (FIG. 1) for preventing the light transmitting cover 5 disposed and fixed on the frame 13 from being bent are provided in the surface side passage 7 at intervals in the vertical direction. The support member 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a block shape, but may have other shapes and sizes as long as bending can be prevented. The material is a transparent material capable of transmitting sunlight, and has the same thickness (height) as the frame 13 so that the distance between the surface (surface glass) of the solar cell module 6 and the translucent cover 5 is uniform. . The frame 13 and the support member 20 can be fixed by various fixing means such as an adhesive, screws, bolts and nuts.

  The heat insulating material 12 provided on the back surface of the extension plate coupling module 11 prevents the heat on the back surface side of the solar cell module 6 from escaping (discharging) into the atmosphere. As the heat insulating material 12, for example, a styrofoam or other heat insulating material can be used. A lower opening 12a through which the water supply pipe 18 can be piped as shown in FIG. 1 is opened at the lower part of the heat insulating material 12, and an upper opening 12b through which the delivery pipe 19 can be piped as shown in FIG. A through hole 21 is opened at a position of the heat insulating material 12 where the power terminal 8 and the power cord 8a are located, from which the power terminal 8 and the power cord 8a can be drawn out.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the case 14 is closed at the bottom by the bottom plate 22, the top is opened at the inside of the upper outer peripheral edge 23, and both sides and the lower end are closed at the peripheral walls 24a, 24b and 24c. The surface 25 is opened, and is a box shape of an upper peripheral opening provided with an accommodation space 29 inside the bottom plate 22, the upper outer peripheral edge 23, the three peripheral walls 24a, 24b, 24c, and one side wall (the left side in FIG. 2) Water supply pipe through hole 26 and delivery pipe through hole 27 are opened in the side wall 24b, and the power supply terminal 8 and the power cord 8a provided on the back surface of the solar cell module 6 on the bottom plate 22 are provided outside the case 14. The drawer outlet 28 is opened. The heat insulating material 12, the solar cell module 6, the frame 13, and the translucent cover 5 can be inserted and housed in the housing space 29 from the upper peripheral surface 25. After the housing, the upper peripheral surface 25 is closed. The heat insulating material 12, the solar cell module 6, the frame 13, and the translucent cover 5 in the housing space 29 are prevented from falling off.

(Exhaust heat recovery device for solar cell module with endothermic device)
As shown in FIG. 3, the solar cell module exhaust heat recovery device 1 of the present invention is a heat absorption device for recovering exhaust heat on the back surface side of the solar cell module 6 between the back surface of the solar cell module 6 and the heat insulating material 12. 30 can also be provided. The heat absorbing device 30 in FIG. 3 is provided with several partition plates 32 in a rectangular hollow case 31 spaced from above to partition the inside of the hollow case 31, and one end in the width direction of each partition plate 32 (right end or left end). ) Are alternately opened to form a back surface side passage 33 that meanders. The heat absorbing device 30 is accommodated in a rectangular accommodating recess 12 c provided in a part of the heat insulating material 12, and is arranged and fixed on the heat absorbing device 30 with the back surface of the solar cell module 6 in contact (contact). A water supply pipe 18 is connected to the lower end of the rear surface side passage 33, and a recovery pipe 34 is piped to the upper end. The recovery pipe 34 is drawn along the outer surface of the hollow case 31, and is routed outside the bottom surface of the hollow case 31. Then, the extension plate connecting module 11 is connected to the supply port 9a of the lower extension plate 9. The hollow case 31 is provided with a drawer opening 35 through which the power terminal 8 of the solar cell module 6 is fitted and the power cord 8 a and the power plug 8 b can be pulled out to the back side of the hollow case 31. The hollow case 31 and the partition plate 32 are preferably made of copper having high thermal conductivity, but may be other metals.

  The heat absorbing device 30 in FIG. 3 is housed and disposed in, for example, the housing recess 12 c formed in the heat insulating material 12. In this case, not only the hollow case 31 of the heat absorbing device 30 but also the recovery pipe 34 piped outside thereof is accommodated. In this case, it is preferable that the side surface of the heat insulating material 12 penetrates the outlet hole 12d so that the water supply pipe 18 can be brought out of the heat insulating material 12 (inserted from the outside).

  The liquid flow of the heat absorbing device 30 having the above-described configuration is as follows. The liquid supplied from the liquid supply facility 3 (FIG. 1) to the water supply pipe 18 (FIG. 2) through the pressure adjusting device 2 (FIG. 1) is sent to the lower end of the back surface side passage 33 of the heat absorbing device 30, and the back surface side passage 33. The inside is meandering and sent to the upper side of the back surface side passage 33, and during this time, the exhaust heat of the back surface of the solar cell module 6 is absorbed and recovered by this liquid. The hot water previously recovered by absorbing the exhaust heat on the back surface side in the back surface side passage 33 is discharged to the recovery pipe 34 (FIG. 3) connected to the upper end of the back surface side passage 33 and flows through the recovery pipe 34. It is sent to the supply hole 9a of the lower extension plate, and flows into the lower end of the surface side passage 7 therefrom. The recovered liquid flows from the bottom to the top in the surface side passage 7 and absorbs and recovers the heat of the surface of the solar cell module 6 during that time and is discharged from the outlet of the surface side passage 7 to the delivery pipe 19 (FIG. 1). And stored in the storage facility 4. Contrary to the above, it is also possible to send the liquid first to the surface side passage 7 and collect and recover the exhaust heat on the surface side, and send the recovered liquid (warm water) to the back side passage 33. .

  By providing the heat absorbing device 30, not only the surface of the solar cell module 6 but also the exhaust heat released from the back surface can be recovered, so that the heat recovery efficiency is improved as compared with the case where the heat absorbing device 30 is not provided. Moreover, since the temperature of the solar cell module 6 can be kept lower by providing the heat-absorbing device 30 than when it does not exist, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation output due to the temperature rise of the solar cell module 6.

(Other examples of endothermic devices)
The heat absorbing device 30 may have another structure, for example, a copper pipe meandering and piped in the vertical direction of the copper plate. If possible, the same structure as the surface side passage 7 may be used. In this case, a frame is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module 6, a back surface cover is provided on the back surface, and a back surface side passage 33 having the same structure as the front surface side passage 7 is formed in a gap between the back surface and the back surface cover. be able to.

(Systematization of solar cell modules)
The embodiment of FIG. 1 is an example in the case of using one exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1, but as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of exhaust heat recovery apparatuses 1 are connected to a water supply side collecting pipe 36 on the liquid supply equipment 3 side, and stored. It can also be systematized by connecting to the delivery side collecting pipe 37 on the equipment 4 side. Connections may be in series or series-parallel. The solar cell module 6 in the case of using a plurality of sheets may be a small size, for example, a size of 1/2, 1/3, or 1/4 of the illustrated size. The solar cell module utilization system shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is an example in which two exhaust heat recovery devices 1 are used, but there may be three or more exhaust heat recovery devices 1.

(Usage example 1 of exhaust heat recovery device for solar cell module)
The usage method of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus of the solar cell module shown in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
(1) The valve of the liquid supply equipment 3 is opened, and the water pressure is reduced to a pressure equal to or lower than the pressure resistance of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 by the pressure adjusting device 2 to start water supply.
(2) The supplied water is introduced into the surface side passage 7 on the surface side of the solar cell module 6 from the supply hole 9 a of the lower extension plate 9 through the water supply pipe 18.
(3) The water introduced into the surface side passage 7 is sent from the bottom to the top along the surface of the solar cell module 6, and the exhaust heat of the surface is collected during that time, and is sent to the delivery hole 10 a of the upper extension plate 10. Flowing.
(4) The hot water that has flowed into the delivery hole 10a is delivered to the storage facility 4 through the delivery pipe 19 connected to the delivery hole 10a.

(Usage example 2 of exhaust heat recovery device for solar cell module)
A method of using the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 including the heat absorption apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

(1) The valve of the liquid supply equipment 3 is opened, and the water pressure is reduced to a pressure equal to or lower than the pressure resistance of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 by the pressure adjusting device 2 to start water supply.
(2) The supplied water passes through the water supply pipe 18 and is fed into the meandering back surface passage 33 of the heat absorbing device 30.
(3) The water sent into the back surface side passage 33 absorbs the heat of the back surface of the solar cell module 6 and collects it while flowing through the inside.
(4) The hot water recovered by heat passes through the recovery pipe 34 of the heat absorption device, is sent to the supply hole 9a of the lower extension plate 9, and is introduced into the surface side passage 7.
(5) The water introduced into the surface side passage 7 absorbs and collects heat from the surface of the solar cell module 6 and flows into the delivery hole 10 a of the upper extension plate 10.
(6) The hot water flowing into the delivery hole 10a is sent into the storage facility 4 through the delivery pipe 19 connected to the delivery hole 10a.

(Usage example 3 of solar cell module exhaust heat recovery device)
A usage example of the heat recovery system shown in FIG. 5A in which the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 of FIG. 2 is systemized will be described below.
(1) The valve of the liquid supply equipment 3 is opened, and the water pressure is reduced to a pressure equal to or lower than the pressure resistance of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 by the pressure adjusting device 2 to start water supply.
(2) The water supplied to the water supply side collecting pipe 36 is sent to the water supply pipe 18 of each exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1.
(3) The water fed into the water supply pipe 18 collects the exhaust heat on the surface side of the solar cell module 6 in the same flow as (2) to (4) in the first usage example.
(4) The hot water from which the exhaust heat on the surface side of the solar cell module 6 has been collected flows through the delivery pipe 19 into the delivery side collecting pipe 37 and is sent to the storage facility 4.

(Usage example 4 of exhaust heat recovery device for solar cell module)
A usage example of the heat recovery system shown in FIG. 5B in which the exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1 including the heat absorption device 30 of FIG. 3 is systemized will be described below.
(1) The valve of the liquid supply facility 3 is opened, the water pressure is reduced to a pressure lower than the pressure with the pressure adjusting device 2, and water supply to the water supply side collecting pipe 36 is started.
(2) The water supplied to the water supply side collecting pipe 36 is sent to the water supply pipe 18 of each exhaust heat recovery apparatus 1.
(3) The water fed into the water supply pipe 18 is fed into the back surface side passage 33 (FIG. 3) of the heat absorbing device 30 on the front surface side of the solar cell module 6 and flows upward from below to discharge the water on the back surface side first. The liquid that has absorbed the heat and has reached the top is sent from the recovery pipe 34 to the lower side of the surface-side passage 7 and absorbs and recovers the exhaust heat on the surface side.
(4) The hot water recovered from the exhaust heat from the front and back surfaces of the solar cell module 6 flows into the delivery side collecting pipe 37 through the delivery pipe 19 and is sent to the storage facility 4.

(Ensuring power generation efficiency)
When a surface-side passage is provided on the surface of the solar cell module and liquid is supplied to the surface-side passage, there is a concern that the incident amount of sunlight is reduced and the power generation efficiency is reduced as compared with the case where no surface-side passage is provided. The However, the present inventor conducted experiments on the optical characteristics such as reflectance and transmittance of the glass cover used in the present exhaust heat recovery apparatus and the effect of circulating water on the characteristics, and found that the power generation efficiency is hardly reduced. confirmed.

(Change in power generation efficiency)
When the inventor conducted an experiment using an existing thin film module, there was a possibility that the surface temperature of the module could be raised to a temperature about 45 ° C. higher than the air temperature. As a result, the temperature of the water circulating through the exhaust heat recovery device of the present invention is also raised to a temperature 45 ° C. higher than the air temperature by reducing the flow rate by reducing the flow rate valve provided in the water supply pipe. Means you can. Usually, module characteristics are evaluated at a surface temperature of 25 ° C. If the surface temperature is lower than this reference temperature, the output increases and decreases if it is higher. The temperature coefficient of the module output is -0.5% / ° C, and when the temperature rises by 10 ° C, the power generation output decreases by 5%.

  The power generation output loss (the power generation output loss of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus of the present application) due to filling the surface side passage with water on the surface of the solar cell module becomes clear by examining the light transmittance of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus. According to the experiment of the present inventors, the reflectance from the surface of the existing thin film module was 10.6%. When a water film was formed on the surface of the thin film module, the reflectance was improved from 10.6% to 7.5%. The reason for the improvement is that the reflectance at the water surface is smaller than that of glass, the refractive index of water is close to the refractive index of glass, and the reflectance at the contact portion between the module and the water film is extremely small. Water has a very low light absorption rate among liquid and solid substances, and the absorption of light when passing through water of only a few millimeters in thickness is negligible. The total reflectivity when the surface passage between the module and the glass is not filled with water reaches 21.2% because the reflection on both sides of the glass and the module surface is added. Since the surface side passage is filled, the total reflectance is improved to 13.7%. Therefore, the reflectance by providing the surface side passage of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus of the present invention only increases 1.29 times that in the case of not providing it. In terms of light transmittance, it is 0.894 for normal use without glass and 0.863 for glass, with a difference of only 3.1%. Therefore, since the light transmittance of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus provided with the surface passage of the present invention is only 3.1% lower than the case where the surface passage is not provided, there is almost no power generation output loss.

(Utilization rate of incident light energy)
As described above, the heat recovery efficiency of the existing solar water heater is about 50%. The heat recovery rate of the present exhaust heat recovery device can also be expected to be about 50%. The amount of heat released by subtracting the reflected energy and the amount of power generation from the energy incident on the module is dissipated as heat. Assuming that 50% of the heat dissipation is recovered as described above, that recovery is 38.8% of the light energy incident on the module. This recovered energy is equivalent to 3.4 times the power generation efficiency (about 11.4%) of the thin film module. Adding the power generation efficiency and heat recovery rate to 50.2%, the incident light energy utilization rate can be greatly improved.

(Industrial application fields)
Although the said embodiment demonstrated as an example the case where the hot water which collect | recovered waste heat is stored in the storage facility 4, it can also be directly supplied to a hot water utilization facility, without storing hot water.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste heat recovery apparatus 2 Pressure regulator 3 Liquid supply equipment 4 Storage equipment 5 Translucent cover 6 Solar cell module 7 Surface side passage 8 Power supply terminal 8a Power cord 8b Power plug 9 Lower extension plate 9a Supply hole 10 Upper extension plate 10a Sending out Hole 11 Extension plate connection module 12 Heat insulating material 12a Lower opening portion 12b Upper opening portion 12c Housing recess 12d Lead-out hole 13 Frame 14 Case 15 Cell 16 Synthetic resin 17 Glass plate 18 Water supply pipe 19 Delivery pipe 20 Support material 21 Through hole 22 Bottom plate 23 Upper outer peripheral edge 24a Peripheral wall 24b Peripheral wall 24c Peripheral wall 25 Upper peripheral surface 26 Water supply pipe through-hole 27 Outlet pipe through-hole 28 Drawer port 29 Storage space 30 Heat absorber 31 Hollow case 32 Partition plate 33 Back surface side passage 34 Recovery pipe 35 Drawer opening 36 Water supply side collecting pipe 37 Delivery side collecting pipe

Claims (10)

In a method for recovering exhaust heat from a solar cell module receiving solar energy,
A liquid is supplied to the surface side passage provided on the surface of the solar cell module, and the liquid is moved continuously or intermittently in the surface side passage, and the liquid absorbs exhaust heat from the solar cell module. A method for recovering exhaust heat from a solar cell module, wherein the exhaust heat is recovered. In the exhaust-heat recovery method of the solar cell module of Claim 1,
The exhaust heat is recovered separately on the front side and the back side, or the liquid is first flowed to the back side to absorb and recover the exhaust heat on the back side, and the recovered heat is sent to the front side passage, A method for recovering exhaust heat of a solar cell module, comprising absorbing and recovering exhaust heat on the surface side. In the exhaust-heat recovery method of the solar cell module of Claim 1 or Claim 2,
A method for recovering exhaust heat of a solar cell module, comprising providing a heat insulating material on the back surface side of the solar cell module to prevent exhaust heat from the back surface side. In the exhaust-heat recovery method of the solar cell module in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
A method for recovering exhaust heat from a solar cell module, comprising controlling a flow rate and a flow rate of a liquid by flowing a liquid from the lower side to the upper side of the surface side passage and / or the back side passage. In the exhaust heat recovery device that recovers exhaust heat from solar cell modules that have received solar energy,
The translucent cover is disposed away from the surface of the solar cell module and opposed to the surface, and the surface and the translucent cover are sealed to form a surface side passage through which a liquid can flow between the surface and the translucent cover,
An exhaust heat recovery apparatus for a solar cell module, wherein a liquid supply port is provided on one end side of the surface side passage and a liquid outlet is provided on the other end side. In the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module according to claim 5,
Outside the translucent cover of the surface side passage of the solar cell module, an outer translucent cover is provided apart from it,
An exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module, wherein an air layer whose periphery is closed is provided between the two light-transmitting covers. In the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module according to claim 5 or 6,
An exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module, wherein a heat absorption device capable of flowing a liquid is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module. In the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module according to claim 7,
A solar cell module characterized in that one end of the heat absorbing device and the surface side passage communicate with the other inlet, and the liquid that has passed through either the heat absorbing device or the surface side passage is supplied to the other. Waste heat recovery equipment. In the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module according to claim 7,
An exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module, characterized in that an outlet and an inlet of a heat absorption device and a surface side passage are separated so that liquid can separately pass through the heat absorption device and the surface side passage. In the exhaust heat recovery device of the solar cell module according to any one of claims 5 to 9,
An exhaust heat recovery device for a solar cell module, wherein a heat insulating material for preventing exhaust heat from the back surface is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module or the back surface of the heat absorption device.

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