JP2011219708A - System and method for producing jet biofuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technology for stably producing a jet biofuel from biomass in a high yield.SOLUTION: A production system of a jet biofuel comprises: a pulverization processing device for pulverizing a wood-based raw material into wood chips; a thermal decomposition device for performing the thermal decomposition of pulverized wood chips to obtain a dry distillation gas; a purifying device for purifying the dry distillation gas; and a hydrocarbon synthesizing device for converting the purified gas into a jet biofuel in the presence of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst. The system further includes a regulating device, between the purifying device and the hydrocarbon synthesizing device, for mixing the purified dry distillation gas with hydrogen in a predetermined molar ratio.

Description

  The present invention relates to a jet biofuel production system and a jet biofuel production method.

  Various attempts have been made to pyrolyze biomass to generate dry distillation gas and to convert the generated dry distillation gas into liquid fuel (BTL: Biomass to Liquid) using a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst.

  Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-205135) discloses a methane fermentation tank for methane fermentation treatment of low-calorie waste, a carbonization furnace for burning carbonization by burning high-calorie waste, and the carbonization furnace. A gasification furnace for introducing and burning the generated carbide to gasify, a gas purification device for purifying the gas generated in the gasification furnace, and liquid fuel from the purified gas mainly containing the purified CO and H2 A composite waste treatment system including a liquid fuel synthesizing apparatus that performs FT synthesis (Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) and that supplies biogas generated in a methane fermentation tank to a gasification furnace as a combustor is disclosed.

  Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-204558) includes a gasification unit that holds a certain amount of biomass and heats it with a heating body to gasify it, and a particulate material, tar, A gas refining unit that removes at least one substance selected from sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds and purifies biomass gas, and a liquid fuel manufacturing unit that liquefies the purified biomass refining gas to produce a biomass liquid fuel stock solution A gas-liquid separator that separates the biomass liquid fuel stock solution into biomass liquid fuel, water, and light hydrocarbons, a vacuum recovery unit that recovers the biomass liquid fuel separated by the gas-liquid separator by reducing the pressure, and Combusting the unreacted material that is not gasified in the gasification unit, and supplying the generated heat to the gasification unit, liquid combustion from biomass comprising Manufacturing apparatus is disclosed.

  As a technique for producing liquid fuel from these biomasses, a technique for industrially producing jet biofuel from biomass is expected.

  However, these technologies are in a design stage or an experimental stage, and have not been established to produce jet fuel from biomass continuously and stably on an industrial scale.

  JP 2006-205135 A   JP 2007-204558 A

  The subject of this invention is providing the technique which manufactures a jet biofuel stably from biomass with sufficient yield.

The present invention for solving the above problems is achieved by the following items.
(Item 1) A pulverizing apparatus for converting wood-derived raw materials into wood chips having a predetermined size, a predetermined moisture content, a predetermined carbon content and a hydrogen content per unit mass, and heat the crushed wood chips Jet bio, composed of a pyrolysis device that decomposes into dry distillation gas, a purification device that purifies the dry distillation gas, and a hydrocarbon synthesis device that uses the purified gas as jet biofuel in the presence of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst A fuel production system comprising a hydrogen supply system for metering and adding hydrogen gas between the refining device and the hydrocarbon synthesis device, a dry distillation gas purified by the refining device, and metering from the hydrogen supply system A mixed gas in which the carbon: hydrogen molar ratio is from 1: 2 to 1: 6 is adjusted to the dry distillation gas based on the carbon component containing hydrogen and the content of hydrogen component in the wood chip A jet biofuel production system comprising:

(Item 2) The gas adjusting device further includes a gas supply line for mixing unreacted gas from the hydrocarbon synthesizer, and the purified dry distillation gas, hydrogen from the hydrogen supply device, and 2. The jet biofuel production system according to item 1, wherein unreacted gas from the hydrocarbon synthesizer is mixed.

(Item 3) The gas adjusting device includes a refined dry distillation gas introduction port, a hydrogen gas introduction port, an unreacted gas introduction port, a gas mixing unit having gas compression means, and a mixed gas, each having a flow rate adjustment bubble. 3. The jet biofuel production system according to item 1 or 2, comprising at least one buffer tank that is temporarily compressed and stored.

(Item 4) The jet biofuel production system according to item 3, wherein the gas compressing means includes a heat exchange device provided in the gas mixing section.

(Item 5) The jet biofuel production system has superheated steam generation means, uses superheated steam generated from the superheated steam generation means as a carrier gas for the thermal decomposition apparatus, and further heat source of the thermal decomposition apparatus 5. The jet biofuel production system according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the system is used as a heat medium passing through a heat exchanger.

(Item 6) The jet biofuel production system according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the purification device includes a desulfurization device and an ion exchange scrubber.

(Item 7) A pulverization step of pulverizing a wood-derived raw material to a predetermined size, a predetermined moisture content, a predetermined range of carbon content and hydrogen content per unit mass to obtain a wood chip, and pre-ground wood A pyrolysis gas generation process that generates chips by introducing chips into a pyrolysis apparatus, a purification process that purifies the generated dry distillation gas, and hydrogen is added to the purified dry distillation gas so that a predetermined carbon: hydrogen molar ratio is obtained. A mixed gas preparation step for preparing a mixed gas for synthesis, a hydrocarbon oil production step for converting the prepared mixed gas into a hydrocarbon, and a mixed gas obtained in the hydrocarbon production step with a hydrocarbon oil, unreacted A method for producing a jet biofuel, comprising: a separation step of separating into two parts.

(Item 8) The method for producing jet biofuel according to Item 7, further comprising an unreacted component circulation step for returning the unreacted component generated in the separation step to the mixed gas preparation step.

(Item 9) Based on the ratio of carbon to hydrogen contained in the wood chip to be introduced, hydrogen is added so that the ratio of carbon to hydrogen in the mixed gas is from 1: 2 to 1: 4 in molar ratio. Item 9. The method for producing jet biofuel according to Item 7 or 8, wherein

  According to the present invention, wood chips having a raw material standard within a predetermined range of moisture content, carbon content, and hydrogen content by a predetermined pretreatment are used as a starting material, and hydrogen is supplied to a predetermined carbon in accordance with the raw material standard. Since the mixture is mixed with the purified dry distillation gas so as to have a hydrogen / hydrogen molar ratio, the target jet biofuel can be produced stably and with high yield.

  Further, by circulating unreacted off-gas, it becomes a hydrocarbon oil within the target molecular weight range, and it becomes possible to obtain a jet biofuel having a constant property.

  It is drawing which shows the basic composition of the manufacturing system of the jet biofuel which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.   It is drawing which shows an example of the thermal decomposition apparatus in the manufacturing system of the biojet fuel of this invention.   Drawing which shows an example of the carrier gas supply system supplied to a thermal decomposition apparatus.   It is drawing which shows an example of the refiner | purifier in the manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of this invention.   It is drawing which shows an example of the hydrogen supply system in the manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of this invention.   It is drawing which shows an example of the adjustment apparatus in the manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of this invention.   It is a flowchart which shows an example of calculation of the hydrogen addition amount in the manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of this invention.   It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the jet biofuel of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(Basic configuration)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the basic configuration of the jet biofuel production system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrocarbon production system of the present invention includes a pulverizer 10 for pulverizing a wood-derived raw material into a predetermined size and moisture content to obtain wood chips, and pyrolyzing the wood chips by pyrolyzing them. A refining apparatus 40 for purifying a dry distillation gas, an FT synthesis tower 70 which is a hydrocarbon synthesizing apparatus for converting the purified gas into a hydrocarbon oil having a predetermined molecular weight range in the presence of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst, The jet biofuel production system according to the present invention is mainly composed of a hydrogen supply device 60 for supplying a shortage of hydrogen for hydrocarbon synthesis to the dry distillation gas, and the adjustment system 50 for mixing the purified dry distillation gas and hydrogen. And have. More preferably, in the jet biofuel production system of the present invention, the adjusting device 50 has a configuration for returning unreacted gas to the adjusting device 50 in the FT synthesis tower.

  As will be described later, the pyrolysis apparatus 20 replaces the inlet 21 for introducing biomass as a raw material and the atmosphere in the pyrolysis apparatus 20, and sends the generated dry distillation gas to the subsequent purification apparatus 40. A gas supply system 30 is provided.

    The apparatus for producing jet biofuel of the present invention purifies a dry distillation gas generated by thermally decomposing predetermined pretreated wood chips with a thermal decomposition apparatus 20 with a purification apparatus 40, and adds hydrogen to the purified dry distillation gas. The mixed gas is converted into a hydrocarbon oil having a predetermined molecular weight range by the FT synthesis tower. At this time, since the deficient hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen supply system 50 based on the carbon content and the hydrogen content of the wood chips, the yield of the jet biofuel in the jet biofuel production apparatus of the present invention is increased.

(Raw material and pretreatment)
In the present invention, a raw material derived from wood, more specifically, a thinned material is used as a raw material, and this is pulverized to a predetermined size.

  The reason why the raw material derived from wood is used is that the properties are within a predetermined range, the ratio of carbon and hydrogen is relatively stable, and impurities to be removed can be predicted. Therefore, when the moisture content and size are within the predetermined range, dry distillation gas having a predetermined composition is stably generated by thermal decomposition with the thermal decomposition apparatus to be used. In the dry distillation gas, components to be removed such as sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide are clear, and the carbon / hydrogen molar ratio in the gas is also within a certain range. Accordingly, when an appropriate addition amount of hydrogen is added after an appropriate purification treatment, a hydrocarbon oil within the target molecular weight range (within the planned range of jet biofuel) can be produced efficiently.

  In addition, a stable supply of raw materials derived from timber can be a resource for forest conservation and development. For this reason, it is advantageous to use wood-derived raw materials as raw materials for biojet fuel compared to the case of using agricultural products such as corn, which can lead to changes in the sea area, which can lead to changes in seaweed and food prices. is there.

  Typical wood contains about 50 to 60% by mass of carbon and 4 to 8% by mass of hydrogen, but this variation is reduced by specifying the production area and the type of wood used. In the present invention, hydrogen is added based on such carbon content and hydrogen content so as to obtain an optimal carbon: hydrogen molar ratio (C: H). Generally, C: H = 1: 1. The hydrogen content is adjusted to be from 5 to 1: 6, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 5, more preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 4.

  At this time, the moisture derived from the wood-derived raw material should be sufficiently adjusted so that it falls within the predetermined range of carbon hydrogen molar ratio (moisture adjustment is also important from the viewpoint of reducing energy in thermal decomposition) and efficiency. It is important to pulverize to a predetermined size in advance so that it can be thermally decomposed well.

  However, since the wood-derived raw material has a moisture content within a predetermined range unless it is piled up in a place exposed to wind and rain, moisture adjustment is not necessarily essential.

The target moisture content is less than 60%, preferably less than 30%, more preferably less than 10%. If the water content is too high, energy consumption due to excessive evaporation in the thermal decomposition apparatus becomes too large.

  The size of the wood chip is preferably as fine as possible from the viewpoint of efficient thermal decomposition. In general, it is preferable to use wood chips of less than 10 mm, preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm. By pretreating in this way, the carbon content and hydrogen content per unit weight can be assumed. In other words, in the present invention, the wood chips pulverized to such a constant size are used as the raw material standard of the starting material, based on the carbon and hydrogen content per unit weight, It becomes possible to do.

(Thermal decomposition)
The biomass raw material pretreated in the present invention is then thermally decomposed into crude dry distillation gas by the thermal decomposition apparatus 20. The pyrolysis apparatus 20 applicable in the present invention includes, for example, an inlet 21 for charging a pre-treated bimass raw material as shown in FIG. 2, a function for replacing the atmosphere in the pyrolysis apparatus 20, and the generated dry distillation gas. It has a carrier gas introduction port 23 having a carrier gas function to be transported to the process, and a discharge port 22 for discharging the generated dry distillation gas (crude dry distillation gas). It is a device having a heat source (not shown), and is not particularly limited as long as it is a pyrolysis device having such a function, and can be applied to a continuous type such as a rotary kiln type or a batch type. .

  The thermal decomposition apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 2 has a configuration in which wood chips are inserted from an insertion port 21 and are pushed by a raw material pushing apparatus 21a. At this time, air contained in the raw material is removed from the lower side of the inlet 21 and a substantial amount of oxygen is removed when entering the inside of the thermal decomposition apparatus 20.

  Therefore, a considerable amount of air is replaced by the introduction of the carrier gas. The introduced biomass material is heated to a thermal decomposition temperature in a carrier gas atmosphere by a heating means (not shown) and is thermally decomposed into a dry distillation gas containing impurities and a remaining solid component.

  The heat source of the thermal decomposition apparatus can be oil as in the past, but those using electric energy or a hybrid with an oil type are preferred from the viewpoint of easy temperature control in the heat separator.

  When electric energy is used, the hydrocarbon (gas and / or oil) obtained by the present invention is used as a heat source, or the mixture of hydrogen and hydrocarbons generated by the present invention is used as an energy source. It is preferable to do. The thermal decomposition apparatus using electric energy may be a conventional electric furnace, but may be a heating method using microwaves or a heating method using a ceramic heating element.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thermal decomposition apparatus includes an input amount measuring device (for example, a weight sensor) for measuring the input amount of a biomass source, a flow rate sensor for measuring the flow rate of the carrier gas, and an in-furnace It is preferable to provide a known sensor such as a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature, a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the apparatus, and a flow rate sensor for measuring the discharge amount and discharge pressure of the dry distillation gas.

    In particular, the pyrolysis apparatus includes a weight sensor for measuring the input amount of wood chips, a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of the carrier gas, a flow sensor and a temperature sensor for measuring the discharge amount and discharge temperature of the dry distillation gas. This information is important for calculating the carbon content and the hydrogen content (and hence the molar ratio of carbon to hydrogen).

    The electric heating method is easy to control based on information from these sensors, and is preferable in terms of energy cost reduction, quick start-up, and ease of maintenance and operation. In particular, in the case of the micro-wave type, the energy cost is about 1/10 compared to an electric furnace (an additional half by inserting an inverter circuit), the start-up is faster (about 5 minutes), and higher-temperature pyrolysis is possible. There is an advantage that downsizing is possible and maintenance and operation are easy.

    In this way, by pyrolyzing a predetermined wood chip at a high temperature of generally 700 ° C. or higher, a dry distillation gas mainly composed of water gas is generated at a stable pyrolysis rate depending on the wood chip to be pyrolyzed. (Crude carbonization gas).

  In the present invention, since wood chips obtained by subjecting a certain raw material to a certain treatment are used as a starting raw material, the pyrolysis apparatus 20 can generate dry distillation gas with stable efficiency.

  The carrier gas supply system 30 is mainly composed of a water tank 31 for storing water for generating water vapor and an induction heating line 32 for overheating the generated water vapor. Since the superheated steam can be heated to a temperature of about 600 ° C. to 900 ° C., it can also be used as a heat source for the thermal decomposition apparatus 20.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, superheated steam can be sent to a hydrogen supply system 60 to be described later and used for generating hydrogen by catalytic reaction, and water from a purification device 50 such as an ion exchange scrubber can be used. It is also possible to have a configuration in which the water is sent to the hot water tank 31.

  This configuration has an advantage that the apparatus configuration is simplified and energy consumption is reduced.

(Purification equipment)
The purification device 40 is a device that removes impurities from the generated crude dry distillation gas, and can be configured by combining devices well known in the art. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, a dry distillation in which a combination of a desulfurization / detarring device 41 and an ion exchange scrubber 43 or a combination of a desulfurization / detarging device 41, an ion exchange scrubber 43 and a cyclone 42 is purified. It is preferable in that the gas is purer and the hydrocarbon oil as the final product does not contain ionic components such as chlorine.

In other words, the ion exchange scrubber is a scrubber having both an anion exchange resin layer and a cation exchange resin layer, and is removed at an efficiency of 98% or more during gas treatment of HCl, HCN, Cl ₂ , NO ₂ , SO _2, etc. Is possible. Further, it is possible to simultaneously perform the adsorption treatment of the contaminated gas and the regeneration of the ion exchange fiber in one chamber.

  Conventionally, the gas generated by this type of pyrolysis has been treated with a normal scrubber. However, depending on the origin of the raw material, the usual scrubber may not be able to sufficiently remove halogens and metal ions such as chlorine and iodine, and may remain in the purified gas, adversely affecting the hydrocarbon oil that is the final product. There was a case. Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to employ an ion exchange scrubber.

  In addition, the crude water gas often contains a sulfur component, a tar component, and the like, which may adversely affect the hydrocarbon oil that is the final product. Therefore, in the present invention, these components are removed by a desulfurization / detar apparatus. Such an apparatus is not particularly limited as long as it achieves the object of the present invention, but can be composed of activated carbon that becomes denser from upstream to downstream, and is configured to switch a plurality of activated carbon layers in terms of maintenance. It is also possible to do.

  The desulfurization / detar apparatus 41 is a known apparatus as described in, for example, Patent Document 2, and the cyclone 42 is also a known apparatus.

  By configuring the refining device in this way, it becomes possible to obtain a hydrocarbon oil substantially free of impurities suitable for jet biofuel in combination with the use of a raw material derived from wood as a raw material.

  A purified reflux gas having certain properties can be obtained regardless of the origin of the biomass. That is, it is preferable to use a reflux gas substantially free of ionic components, particularly halogen components and sulfur components. Such purified carbonization gas is extremely advantageous for providing the desired hydrocarbon oil containing no chlorine or the like.

(Hydrogen supply system)
In the present invention, purified water gas is mixed with hydrogen in order to make up for the lack of hydrogen compared to carbon. That is, the hydrogen required to produce hydrocarbon oils according to the present invention is deficient compared to carbon from purified water gas. Therefore, in order to produce hydrocarbon oil with a good yield (yield) by the system and method of the present invention, hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen supply system to the purified water gas. In the present invention, it is preferable to synthesize hydrogen on-site and use the synthesized hydrogen according to the required amount, more preferably to use superheated steam used as a carrier gas and hydrogen generated by a hydrogen generation catalyst. .

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, by bringing a CaBr / FeO catalyst into contact with the superheated steam shown in FIG. 3, the steam is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen. The resulting hydrogen is taken into a hydrogen tank and used to mix with purified water gas as necessary.

  In this way, hydrogen can be produced in the system. By arranging a hydrogen supply system 60 capable of producing hydrogen in the system, a large amount of hydrogen can be supplied to the purified water gas. This makes it possible to obtain hydrocarbons with a good yield in the system of the present invention. It is also possible to use the obtained hydrogen for power generation.

(Hydrogen addition to dry distillation gas)
In the present invention, hydrogen from such a hydrogen supply system is added to the purified dry distillation gas. Hydrogen may be added in advance to the carrier gas or added to the water source of superheated steam as microbubbles. However, it is preferable to provide an adjusting device as shown in FIG.

(Adjustment device)
The adjustment device 50 shown in FIG. 6 mixes a dry distillation gas purified by the purification device 40, hydrogen from the hydrogen supply system 60, and preferably an unreacted gas from the FT synthesis tower 80 described later in a predetermined amount, It is a device that adjusts the mixed gas sent to the FT synthesis tower, and temporarily mixes the gas mixed with the gas mixer 51 provided with control valves 52a, 52b, 52c such as electromagnetic valves for adjusting the gas pressure of each gas. It comprises a buffer tank 53 for storage. The gas mixer 51 preferably includes gas compression means (not shown). As such a gas compression means, for example, by arranging a heat exchange tube using superheated steam as a heat medium in the gas mixer 51, the mixed gas in the gas mixer 51 is expanded and pressurized.

The amount of hydrogen added at this time is determined, for example, as shown in FIG.
That is, in the present invention, the raw material standard is determined in advance by pretreatment (hydrogen content and carbon content), and the hydrogen content and carbon content of the dry distillation gas are determined by this raw material standard.

  Then, the amount of dry distillation gas generated per unit time is calculated by measuring the amount of gas generated by the actual operation of the thermal decomposition apparatus 20 and discharged from the thermal decomposition apparatus 20. The gas generation amount of the dry distillation gas can be approximately determined as a value obtained by subtracting the flow rate of the carrier gas introduced per unit time from the flow rate of the gas discharged from the discharge port 21 per unit time. Then, the amount of hydrogen shortage is calculated from the composition of carbonized gas (carbon and hydrogen content) and the flow rate.

  Further, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, when the unreacted gas from the FT synthesis tower 80 is mixed, the component of the unreacted gas is generally a lower hydrocarbon. The amount of hydrogen to be actually introduced is calculated by correcting the above.

  Based on the hydrogen addition amount calculated in this way, the adjustment device 50 supplies a predetermined amount of hydrogen gas from the hydrogen supply system 50 via the control valve 52c and the dry distillation gas purified from the purification device 40 via the control valve 52a. If necessary, the flow rate of the off-gas is controlled through the control valve 52b and sent to the gas mixer 41, and the mixed gas of these gases is temporarily stored in the buffer tank 43.

  In this way, it is possible to prepare a mixed gas in which the carbon: hydrogen molar ratio is optimized in the adjusting device 40. In this way, the mixed gas in which the ratio of carbon and hydrogen is optimized is sent to the subsequent FT synthesis tower.

(FT synthesis)
In the present invention, a mixed gas in which the ratio of carbon and hydrogen is optimized is sent to the FT synthesis tower 70, and an FT synthesis reaction is performed until the hydrocarbon has a predetermined molecular weight range. The FT synthesis tower itself is composed of an FT synthesis tower in which a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst known in the art is packed by a known method.

  In the FT synthesis tower 70, a mixed gas having an optimized ratio of carbon and hydrogen is compressed by, for example, a compressor (not shown) and brought into contact with a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst at a predetermined temperature, typically 200 to 250 ° C. Conversion to the desired hydrocarbon.

  The gas containing hydrocarbons thus synthesized is a separation device 80, generally a device that separates hydrocarbon oil 90 and off-gas (unreacted gas) mainly composed of lower hydrocarbons by a condenser. .

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the separated unreacted gas is temporarily stored in an unreacted gas tank (not shown) if desired, and then returned to the adjusting device 50 to be mixed with purified dry distillation gas and hydrogen. Then, it is again subjected to the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction in the FT synthesis tower 70. In the present invention, the unreacted gas means a gas that has not been converted to a desired molecular weight, and generally means an unreacted water gas and a lower hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, butane, propane, etc.). Thus, the yield of hydrocarbon oil suitable for jet biofuel increases by circulating unreacted gas.

  In the jet biofuel production system of the present invention configured as described above, the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is purified by using a wood chip pulverized to a predetermined size as a starting material, and purified. At this time, the impurities contained in the wood chips are within an assumed range in advance, and substantially all impurities can be removed by a refining apparatus including a desulfurization / detarring apparatus and an ion exchange scrubber. Therefore, a dry distillation gas having a carbon: hydrogen content within a predetermined range is stably generated. By adding a predetermined amount of hydrogen to such dry distillation gas, it becomes possible to produce jet biofuel oil with high yield. Also. Since the separated red reaction gas is circulated to the adjusting device and FT synthesis is performed together with a predetermined amount of hydrogen and dry distillation gas, the yield can be further improved.

(Production method)
Next, the manufacturing method of the jet biofuel of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG.
A method for producing a jet biofuel according to the present invention is a method for producing a jet biofuel, in which a biomass raw material is pyrolyzed to generate dry distillation gas, and after refining the dry distillation gas, hydrocarbon oil is obtained by a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst. A pulverization step (A) for making wood chips from a raw material to obtain a predetermined size, a predetermined moisture content, a predetermined range of carbon content and hydrogen content per unit mass, and introducing the wood chips into a pyrolyzer A carbonization gas generation step (B) for generating carbonization gas, a purification step (C) for purifying the generated carbonization gas, and synthesis by adding hydrogen to the purified carbonization gas at a predetermined carbon: hydrogen molar ratio. Gas mixture step (D) for preparing a mixed gas for use, hydrocarbon oil manufacturing step (E) for converting the prepared mixed gas into hydrocarbons, and a mixed gas obtained in the hydrocarbon manufacturing step Comprising a hydrocarbon oil, and a separation step of separating the unreacted fraction (F).

  First, in step A, pulverization is performed so that dry carbonization gas can be generated with a predetermined pyrolysis efficiency with a known carbon content and hydrogen content, and in step B, wood chips are put into a pyrolysis apparatus to perform pyrolysis. In step C, impurities are purified.

  The carbon content and hydrogen content in the carbonized gas thus purified are within a known range, and the amount of hydrogen necessary to obtain the optimum carbon-hydrogen molar ratio is, for example, as shown in FIG. Can be obtained by calculation. In step D, the amount of hydrogen calculated in this way is added to the refined dry distillation gas to optimize the amount of carbon and hydrogen components in the mixed gas.

  The molar ratio at this time is C: H = 1: 1.5 to 1: 6, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 5, more preferably 1: 2 to 1: 4, as described above.

  In this way, the mixed gas in which the molar ratio of carbon and hydrogen is adjusted is converted into a hydrocarbon by FT synthesis in Step E.

  And the component obtained at the process E in the process F is isolate | separated into a hydrocarbon oil and an unreacted part, and hydrocarbon oil is collect | recovered as jet biofuel.

The unreacted component can be returned to step D and re-synthesised as desired.
As described above, in the method of the present invention, hydrogen is added to a large number of by-mass raw materials having an excess carbon content and a short hydrogen content, so that the hydrocarbon oil can be converted without leaving a carbon content. Further, the yield can be further increased by returning the unreacted component to the adjustment step and performing FT synthesis again.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can be widely applied.

  In the jet biofuel production system and production method of the present invention, the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis is purified by using a wood chip pulverized to a predetermined size as a starting material, and purified. At this time, the impurities contained in the wood chips are within an assumed range in advance, and substantially all impurities can be removed by a refining apparatus including a desulfurization / detarring apparatus and an ion exchange scrubber. Therefore, a dry distillation gas having a carbon: hydrogen content within a predetermined range is stably generated. By adding a predetermined amount of hydrogen to such a dry distillation gas, it becomes possible to produce jet biofuel stably with high yield. Also. Since the separated unreacted gas is circulated to the adjusting device and FT synthesis is performed together with a predetermined amount of hydrogen and dry distillation gas, the yield can be further improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pretreatment apparatus 20 Pyrolysis apparatus 30 Carrier gas supply system 40 Refinement apparatus 50 Adjustment apparatus 60 Hydrogen supply system 70 FT synthesis tower 80 Hydrocarbon oil

Claims (9)

A pulverizing apparatus for converting wood-derived raw materials into wood chips having a predetermined size, a predetermined moisture content, and a predetermined range of carbon content and hydrogen content per unit mass;
A pyrolysis device that pyrolyzes the crushed wood chips into dry distillation gas;
A refining device for purifying dry distillation gas, a hydrocarbon synthesizing device using the purified gas as jet biofuel in the presence of a hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst,
A jet biofuel production system comprising:
A hydrogen supply system for metering and adding hydrogen gas between the purification device and the hydrocarbon synthesis device, a dry distillation gas purified by the purification device and hydrogen metered and added from the hydrogen supply system, And an adjusting device for adjusting the mixed gas so that the carbon: hydrogen molar ratio is from 1: 2 to 1: 6 based on the content of the carbon component and the hydrogen component contained in the dry distillation gas. A jet biofuel production system.   The gas regulator further includes a gas supply line for mixing unreacted gas from the hydrocarbon synthesizer, and the purified dry distillation gas, hydrogen from the hydrogen supplier, and the hydrocarbon synthesis The system for producing jet biofuel according to claim 1, wherein unreacted gas from the apparatus is mixed.   The gas regulator includes a refined dry distillation gas inlet, a hydrogen gas inlet, an unreacted gas inlet, a gas mixing section having gas compression means, each of which includes a flow rate adjustment bubble, and temporarily compresses the mixed gas. 3. The jet biofuel production system according to claim 1, wherein the production system comprises at least one buffer tank for storage.   The said biocompression means is comprised from the heat exchange apparatus provided in the said gas mixing part, The manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The jet biofuel production system includes superheated steam generation means, uses superheated steam generated from the superheated steam generation means as a carrier gas for the thermal decomposition apparatus, and further uses a heat source and / or heat of the thermal decomposition apparatus. It is used as a heat medium which passes an exchanger, The manufacturing system of the jet biofuel of any one of Claim 1 to 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   6. The jet biofuel production system according to claim 1, wherein the purification device includes a desulfurization device and an ion exchange scrubber. A pulverization step of pulverizing a wood-derived raw material to a predetermined size, a predetermined moisture content, and a carbon content and a hydrogen content in a predetermined range per unit mass to obtain a wood chip,
A dry distillation gas generation step of supplying pre-ground wood chips to a pyrolysis apparatus to generate dry distillation gas;
A purification step for purifying the generated dry distillation gas, a mixed gas preparation step for preparing a mixed gas for synthesis by adding hydrogen to the purified dry distillation gas so as to have a predetermined carbon: hydrogen molar ratio,
A jet comprising a hydrocarbon oil production process for converting the prepared mixed gas into hydrocarbons, and a separation process for separating the mixed gas obtained in the hydrocarbon production process into hydrocarbon oil and unreacted components Biofuel manufacturing method.   The method for producing a jet biofuel according to claim 7, further comprising an unreacted component circulation step for returning the unreacted component generated in the separation step to the mixed gas preparation step.   Based on the ratio of carbon to hydrogen contained in the wood chip to be introduced, hydrogen is added so that the ratio of carbon to hydrogen in the mixed gas is 1: 2 to 1: 4 in molar ratio. A method for producing a jet biofuel according to claim 7 or 8.

Images