JP2011219695A - 芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物およびその成形品 - Google Patents
芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物およびその成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011219695A JP2011219695A JP2010093290A JP2010093290A JP2011219695A JP 2011219695 A JP2011219695 A JP 2011219695A JP 2010093290 A JP2010093290 A JP 2010093290A JP 2010093290 A JP2010093290 A JP 2010093290A JP 2011219695 A JP2011219695 A JP 2011219695A
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- OOZKMYBQDPXENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3-diethylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(OP(OC=2C(=C(CC)C=CC=2)CC)OC=2C(=C(CC)C=CC=2)CC)=C1CC OOZKMYBQDPXENQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJHKJOCIGPIJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,6-ditert-butylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=C(C(C)(C)C)C=CC=C1C(C)(C)C AJHKJOCIGPIJFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC WGKLOLBTFWFKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGXDXGDZKTYFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[2,3-di(propan-2-yl)phenyl] phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(OP(OC=2C(=C(C(C)C)C=CC=2)C(C)C)OC=2C(=C(C(C)C)C=CC=2)C(C)C)=C1C(C)C QFGXDXGDZKTYFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl] phosphate Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)(CBr)COP(=O)(OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr)OCC(CBr)(CBr)CBr BHYQWBKCXBXPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】(A)芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(A成分)100重量部に対し、(B)ポリ乳酸樹脂および/または乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体(B成分)10〜100重量部、並びに(C)フェノキシ樹脂(C成分)0.001〜10重量部を含有する樹脂組成物。
【選択図】なし
Description
(1)(A)芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(A成分)100重量部に対し、(B)ポリ乳酸樹脂および/または乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体(B成分)10〜100重量部、並びに(C)フェノキシ樹脂(C成分)0.001〜10重量部を含有する樹脂組成物である。
(2)A成分100重量部に対し、(D)酸化防止剤(D成分)0.01〜2重量部を含有する上記構成(1)に記載の樹脂組成物である。
(3)D成分がホスファイト系化合物、ホスホナイト系化合物、ヒンダートフェノール系化合物およびチオエーテル系化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の酸化防止剤である上記構成(1)または(2)に記載の樹脂組成物である。
(4)A成分100重量部に対し、(E)難燃剤(E成分)0.1〜100重量部を含有する上記構成(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物である。
(5)A成分100重量部に対し、(F)無機充填材(F成分)0.1〜100重量部を含有する上記構成(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物である。
(6)上記構成(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物からなる成形品である。
(7)射出成形、押出成形、熱成形、ブロー成形および発泡成形よりなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の成形法により成形した上記構成(6)に記載の成形品である。
(8)自動車部品、電気・電子部品、電気機器外装部品およびOA外装部品よりなる群より選ばれる部品である上記構成(6)または(7)に記載の成形品である。
本発明でA成分として使用されるポリカーボネート樹脂は、二価フェノールとカーボネート前駆体とを反応させて得られるものである。反応方法の一例として界面重合法、溶融エステル交換法、カーボネートプレポリマーの固相エステル交換法、および環状カーボネート化合物の開環重合法などを挙げることができる。
本発明では、汎用のポリカーボネートであるビスフェノールA系のポリカーボネート以外にも、他の二価フェノール類を用いて製造した特殊なポリカーボネ−トをA成分として使用することが可能である。例えば、二価フェノール成分の一部又は全部として、4,4’−(m−フェニレンジイソプロピリデン)ジフェノール(以下“BPM”と略称することがある)、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン(以下“Bis−TMC”と略称することがある)、9,9−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン及び9,9−ビス(4−ヒドロキシ−3−メチルフェニル)フルオレン(以下“BCF”と略称することがある)を用いたポリカーボネ−ト(単独重合体又は共重合体)は、吸水による寸法変化や形態安定性の要求が特に厳しい用途に適当である。これらのBPA以外の二価フェノールは、該ポリカーボネートを構成する二価フェノール成分全体の5モル%以上、特に10モル%以上、使用するのが好ましい。
(1)該ポリカーボネートを構成する二価フェノール成分100モル%中、BPM成分が20〜80モル%(より好適には40〜75モル%、さらに好適には45〜65モル%)であり、かつBCF成分が20〜80モル%(より好適には25〜60モル%、さらに好適には35〜55モル%)である共重合ポリカーボネート。
(2)該ポリカーボネートを構成する二価フェノール成分100モル%中、BPA成分が10〜95モル%(より好適には50〜90モル%、さらに好適には60〜85モル%)であり、かつBCF成分が5〜90モル%(より好適には10〜50モル%、さらに好適には15〜40モル%)である共重合ポリカーボネート。
(3)該ポリカーボネートを構成する二価フェノール成分100モル%中、BPM成分が20〜80モル%(より好適には40〜75モル%、さらに好適には45〜65モル%)であり、かつBis−TMC成分が20〜80モル%(より好適には25〜60モル%、さらに好適には35〜55モル%)である共重合ポリカーボネート。
これらの特殊なポリカーボネートの製法及び特性については、例えば、特開平6−172508号公報、特開平8−27370号公報、特開2001−55435号公報及び特開2002−117580号公報等に詳しく記載されている。
(i)吸水率が0.05〜0.15%、好ましくは0.06〜0.13%であり、かつTgが120〜180℃であるポリカーボネート、あるいは
(ii)Tgが160〜250℃、好ましくは170〜230℃であり、かつ吸水率が0.10〜0.30%、好ましくは0.13〜0.30%、より好ましくは0.14〜0.27%であるポリカーボネート。
さらにポリオルガノシロキサン単位を共重合した、ポリカーボネート−ポリオルガノシロキサン共重合体の使用も可能である。
比粘度(ηSP)=(t−t0)/t0
[t0は塩化メチレンの落下秒数、tは試料溶液の落下秒数]
求められた比粘度(ηSP)から次の数式により粘度平均分子量Mを算出する。
ηSP/c=[η]+0.45×[η]2c(但し[η]は極限粘度)
[η]=1.23×10−4M0.83
c=0.7
本発明でB成分として使用されるポリ乳酸樹脂および乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体の中で、ポリ乳酸は通常ラクタイドと呼ばれる乳酸の環状二量体から開環重合により合成され、その製造方法に関してはUSP1,995,970、USP2,362,511、USP2,683,136に開示されている。また乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸の共重合体は通常ラクタイドとヒドロキシカルボン酸の環状エステル中間体から開環重合により合成され、その製造法に関してはUSP3,635,956、USP3,797,499に開示されている。開環重合によらず直接脱水重縮合により乳酸系樹脂を製造する場合には、乳酸類と必要に応じて他のヒドロキシカルボン酸を好ましくは有機溶媒、特にフェニルエーテル系溶媒の存在下で共沸脱水縮合し、特に好ましくは共沸により留出した溶媒から水を除き実質的に無水の状態にした溶媒を反応系に戻す方法によって重合することにより、本発明に適した重合度の乳酸系樹脂が得られる。
原料の乳酸類としてはL−およびD−乳酸、またはその混合物、乳酸の二量体であるラクタイドのいずれも使用できる。また乳酸類と併用できる他のヒドロキシカルボン酸類としては、グリコール酸、3−ヒドロキシ酪酸、4−ヒドロキシ酪酸、4−ヒドロキシ吉草酸、6−ヒドロキシカプロン酸などのヒドロキシカルボン酸類の他、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール等の分子内に複数の水酸基を含有する化合物類またはそれらの誘導体、コハク酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、フマル酸、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、5−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸、5−テトラブチルホスホニウムスルホイソフタル酸等の分子内に複数のカルボン酸基を含有する化合物類またはそれらの誘導体が挙げられる。なお、乳酸系樹脂の製造に際し、適当な分子量調節剤、分岐剤、その他の改質剤などの添加は差し支えない。また乳酸類、および共重合体成分としてのヒドロキシカルボン酸類はいずれも単独あるいは2種以上で使用することができ、さらに得られた乳酸系樹脂を2種以上混合使用してもよい。本発明においては乳酸類のみの重合体であるポリ乳酸が好適に用いられ、主としてL−乳酸単位からなるポリ−L乳酸樹脂、主としてD−乳酸単位からなるポリ−D乳酸樹脂、またはその混合物の何れを用いてもよい。
本発明の樹脂組成物はC成分としてフェノキシ樹脂を含有する。フェノキシ樹脂を加水分解抑制剤として含有させることで耐加水分解性を高められた成形品を得ることができる。
本発明の樹脂組成物には、D成分として酸化防止剤を含有することができる。この酸化防止剤としては、ヒンダードフェノール系化合物、ホスファイト系化合物、ホスホナイト系化合物およびチオエーテル系化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の酸化防止剤が好ましく使用される。酸化防止剤を配合する事により、成形加工時の色相や流動性が安定するだけでなく、耐加水分解性の向上にも効果がある。
本発明の組成物はE成分として難燃剤を含有することができる。難燃剤としては樹脂に難燃性を付与する目的で添加される物質であれば特に限定されるものではなく、臭素系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、窒素化合物系難燃剤、シリコーン系難燃剤、有機金属塩系難燃剤、水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤などが挙げられ、これらの使用は単独でも2種以上でも良く、各々の種類の中で単数以上の化合物を使用しても構わない。その使用は目的に応じて使い分けることが好ましい。
本発明で用いられる臭素系難燃剤の具体例としては、デカブロモジフェニルオキサイド、オクタブロモジフェニルオキサイド、テトラブロモジフェニルオキサイド、テトラブロモ無水フタル酸、ヘキサブロモシクロドデカン、ビス(2,4,6−トリブロモフェノキシ)エタン、エチレンビステトラブロモフタルイミド、ヘキサブロモベンゼン、1,1−スルホニル[3,5−ジブロモ−4−(2,3−ジブロモプロポキシ)]ベンゼン、ポリジブロモフェニレンオキサイド、テトラブロムビスフェノール−S、トリス(2,3−ジブロモプロピル−1)イソシアヌレート、トリブロモフェノール、トリブロモフェニルアリルエーテル、トリブロモネオペンチルアルコール、ブロム化ポリスチレン、ブロム化ポリエチレン、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A誘導体、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−エポキシオリゴマーまたはポリマー、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−カーボネートオリゴマーまたはポリマー、ブロム化フェノールノボラックエポキシなどのブロム化エポキシ樹脂、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(2−ヒドロキシジエチルエーテル)、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(2,3−ジブロモプロピルエーテル)、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−ビス(アリルエーテル)、テトラブロモシクロオクタン、エチレンビスペンタブロモジフェニル、トリス(トリブロモネオペンチル)ホスフェート、ポリ(ペンタブロモベンジルポリアクリレート)、オクタブロモトリメチルフェニルインダン、ジブロモネオペンチルグリコール、ペンタブロモベンジルポリアクリレート、ジブロモクレジルグリシジルエーテル、N,N′−エチレン−ビス−テトラブロモフタルイミドなどが挙げられる。なかでも、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−エポキシオリゴマー、テトラブロムビスフェノール−A−カーボネートオリゴマー、ブロム化エポキシ樹脂が好ましい。
リン系難燃剤としては、(1)リン酸エステル系難燃剤、(2)ホスホニトリル系難燃剤、(3)ホスホネート系難燃剤、(4)ポリリン酸塩系難燃剤、(5)ホスフィン酸塩系、(6)赤リンが挙げられる。
リン酸エステル系難燃剤の具体例としては、特に下記式(1)で表される1種または2種以上のリン酸エステル化合物を挙げることができる。
本発明で用いられるホスホニトリル系難燃剤は、ホスホニトリル線状ポリマーおよび/または環状ポリマーであり、下記式(2)で表される繰り返し単位を有するオリゴマーないしポリマーであり、その数平均重合度が3以上のものである。直鎖状、環状のいずれであってもかまわないが、特に環状3量体が好ましく用いられる。また、直鎖状物、環状物を任意の割合で混合した混合物であってもかまわない。
ホスホネート系難燃剤は、下記一般式(3)で表されるものが好ましい。
本発明で用いられるポリリン酸塩系難燃剤として、ポリリン酸アンモニウム、ポリリン酸メラミン等が挙げられる。
本発明で用いられるホスフィン酸塩系難燃剤として、下記式(4)または下記式(5)で表される塩が挙げられる。
式(4)および(5)で表されるホスフィン酸塩を併用する場合、(4)/(5)の重量比は10/90〜30/70の範囲が好適に選択される。
赤リンとしては、未処理の赤リンのみでなく、熱硬化性樹脂被膜、金属水酸化物被膜、金属メッキ被膜から成る群より選ばれる1種以上の化合物被膜により処理された赤リンを好ましく使用することができる。熱硬化性樹脂被膜の熱硬化性樹脂としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、フェノール−ホルマリン系樹脂、尿素−ホルマリン系樹脂、メラミン−ホルマリン系樹脂、アルキッド系樹脂などが挙げられる。金属水酸化物被膜の金属水酸化物としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化亜鉛、水酸化チタンなどを挙げることができる。金属メッキ被膜の金属としては、赤リンを被膜できる樹脂であれば特に制限はなく、Fe、Ni、Co、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ti、Zr、Alまたはこれらの合金などが挙げられる。さらに、これらの被膜は2種以上組み合わせて、あるいは2種以上に積層されていてもよい。
上記リン系難燃剤のなかでもリン酸エステル系難燃剤、ホスホネート系難燃剤、ポリリン酸塩系難燃剤、ホスフィン酸塩系が好ましく、リン酸エステル系難燃剤が特に好ましい。
本発明で用いられる窒素系難燃剤は、トリアジン骨格を含む窒素系難燃剤であり、リン系難燃剤の難燃性を相乗的に増大させる剤であり、下記式(6)および(7)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種が適用される。
本発明で用いられるシリコーン系難燃剤としては、シリコーン樹脂、シリコーンオイルを挙げることができる。前記シリコーン樹脂は、SiO2、RSiO3/2、R2SiO、R3SiO1/2の構造単位を組み合わせてできる三次元網状構造を有する樹脂などを挙げることができる。ここで、Rはメチル基、エチル基、プロピル基等のアルキル基、または、フェニル基、ベンジル基等の芳香族基、または上記置換基にビニル基を含有した置換基を示す。前記シリコーンオイルは、ポリジメチルシロキサン、およびポリジメチルシロキサンの側鎖あるいは末端の少なくとも1つのメチル基が、水素元素、アルキル基、シクロヘキシル基、フェニル基、ベンジル基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、ポリエーテル基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、クロロアルキル基、アルキル高級アルコールエステル基、アルコール基、アラルキル基、ビニル基、またはトリフロロメチル基の選ばれる少なくとも1つの基により変性された変性ポリシロキサン、またはこれらの混合物を挙げることができる。
有機金属塩系難燃剤は、耐熱性がほぼ維持されると共に少なからず帯電防止性を付与できる点で有利である。本発明において最も有利に使用される有機金属塩系難燃剤は、含フッ素有機金属塩化合物である。本発明の含フッ素有機金属塩化合物とは、フッ素置換された炭化水素基を有する有機酸からなるアニオン成分と金属イオンからなるカチオン成分からなる金属塩化合物をいう。より好適な具体例としては、フッ素置換有機スルホン酸の金属塩、フッ素置換有機硫酸エステルの金属塩、およびフッ素置換有機リン酸エステルの金属塩が例示される。含フッ素有機金属塩化合物は1種もしくは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。その中でも好ましいのはフッ素置換有機スルホン酸の金属塩であり、とくに好ましいのはパーフルオロアルキル基を有するスルホン酸の金属塩である。ここでパーフルオロアルキル基の炭素数は、1〜18の範囲が好ましく、1〜10の範囲がより好ましく、更に好ましくは1〜8の範囲である。
上記の中でも好ましいフッ素原子を含有しない有機スルホン酸の金属塩は、芳香族スルホン酸アルカリ(土類)金属塩であり、特にカリウム塩が好適である。
本発明の水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤としては、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウムおよび水酸化カルシウムが好ましく、組成物の熱安定性が向上のため、純度が高いものが好ましく、特に純度が99.5%以上であるものが好ましい。水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤の純度は公知の方法で測定することができる。例えば、水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤に含まれている不純物の含有量を公知の方法で測定し、全体量から前記不純物の含有量を減じれば、水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤の純度を得ることができる。より具体的には、例えば水酸化アルミニウムの場合、不純物としてはFe2O3、SiO2、T−Na2O、S−Na2O等が挙げられる。Fe2O3の含有量は炭酸ナトリウム−ホウ酸液に融解後、O−フェナントロリン吸光光度法(JIS H 1901)により求められる。SiO2の含有量は炭酸ナトリウム−ホウ酸液に融解後、モリブテン青吸光光度法(JIS H 1901)により求められる。T−Na2Oの含有量は硫酸に融解後、フレーム光度測定法で、S−Na2Oは温水抽出後、フレーム光度測定法で求められる。上記により求められた含有量を水酸化アルミニウムの重量より減じることにより水酸化物の純度を得ることができる。もちろん異なる複数種の水酸化金属化合物系難燃剤を組み合わせて用いることができることは言うまでもない。
本発明のF成分である無機充填材としては、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、ガラスフレーク、ワラストナイト、カオリンクレー、マイカ、タルクおよび各種ウイスカー類(チタン酸カリウムウイスカー、ホウ酸アルミニウムウイスカーなど)といった一般に知られている各種フィラーを使用することができる。無機充填材の形状は繊維状、フレーク状、球状、中空状を自由に選択でき、樹脂組成物の強度や耐衝撃性の向上のためには繊維状、フレーク状のものが好適である。
(衝撃改良剤)
本発明の組成物は衝撃改良剤を含有することができる。衝撃改良剤を含有することで機械特性に優れた組成物を得ることができる。
衝撃改良剤として弾性重合体を使用することができ、弾性重合体の例としては、ガラス転移温度が10℃以下のゴム成分に、芳香族ビニル、シアン化ビニル、アクリル酸エステル、メタクリル酸エステル、およびこれらと共重合可能なビニル化合物から選択されたモノマーの1種または2種以上が共重合されたグラフト共重合体を挙げることができる。より好適な弾性重合体は、ゴム成分のコアに前記モノマーの1種または2種以上のシェルがグラフト共重合されたコア−シェル型のグラフト共重合体である。
本発明の組成物は結晶化促進剤を含有していてもよい。結晶化促進剤を含有することで、機械的特性、耐熱性、および成形性に優れた成形品を得ることができる。即ち結晶化促進剤の適用により、ポリ乳酸樹脂および/または乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体(B成分)の成形性、結晶性が向上し、通常の射出成形においても十分に結晶化し耐熱性、耐湿熱安定性に優れた成形品を得ることができる。加えて、成形品を製造する製造時間を大幅に短縮でき、その経済的効果は大きい。
結晶化促進剤として、無機系の結晶化核剤および有機系の結晶化核剤のいずれをも使用することができる。
結晶化促進剤の含有量は、A成分100重量部に対し、好ましくは0.01〜30重量部、より好ましくは0.1〜10重量部である。含有量が0.01重量部未満では結晶化促進の効果が十分でなく、30重量部を超えると機械的特性を損なうため好ましくない。
本発明の芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物の製造には、任意の方法が採用される。例えばA成分からF成分を、V型ブレンダー、ヘンシェルミキサー、メカノケミカル装置、および押出混合機などの予備混合手段を用いて充分に混合(いわゆるドライブレンド)した後、必要に応じて押出造粒器やブリケッティングマシーンなどにより得られた予備混合物の造粒を行い、その後ベント式二軸押出機に代表される溶融混練機で溶融混練し、溶融混練後の組成物をペレタイザー等の機器によりペレット化する方法が挙げられる。
上記の如く得られた本発明の樹脂組成物は通常上記の如く製造されたペレットを射出成形して各種製品を製造することができる。更にペレットを経由することなく、二軸押出機で溶融混練された樹脂組成物を直接シート、フィルム、異型押出成形品、ダイレクトブロー成形品、および射出成形品にすることも可能である。
1.組成物ペレットの製造
表1、2に記載の各成分のうちEおよびF−2成分を除く成分を、表1、2に示す割合にてドライブレンドした後、押出機の第1供給口から供給した。E成分を添加する場合は、80℃に加熱した状態で液注装置(富士テクノ工業(株)製HYM−JS−08)を用いてシリンダー途中の第3供給口(第1供給口とベント排気口との間に位置)から押出機に供給した。液注装置は一定量を供給する設定とし、その他の原料の供給量は計量器[(株)クボタ製CWF]により精密に計測された。F−2成分(無機充填材)を含む場合は、第2供給口からサイドフィーダーを用いて、所定の割合になるよう供給した。径30mmφのベント式二軸押出機[(株)日本製鋼所製TEX30XSST]を用い、シリンダー温度250℃、スクリュー回転数200rpm、吐出量20kg/h、およびベント減圧度3kPaで溶融押出してペレット化した。
得られたペレットを80℃で5時間、熱風循環式乾燥機にて乾燥した後、射出成形により、シリンダー温度250℃、金型温度40℃、成形サイクル40秒で、評価項目の試験片を作成した。
実施例中における各値は下記の方法で求めた。
乾燥後のペレットをシリンダー内径50mmφの射出成形機(住友重機機械工業(株)製:ULTRA220−NIVA)を使用し、図1に示すノートパソコンの筐体成形品をシリンダー温度250℃、金型温度40℃および成形サイクル40secで成形した。得られた成形品を用いて外観を評価した。凝集物のようなものが見られるものは×、表面が均一であるものは○とした。
プレッシャークッカー(平山製作所プレッシャークッカーpc−305III/V)を用いて、特定処理条件下(処理温度:105℃、処理湿度:100%、処理時間:4時間)で試験を行い、東洋精機製作所製SEMI AUTO MELT INDEXER 2Aを用いて、処理後のペレットのISO1133規格に準拠した250℃、2.16kg荷重におけるメルトボリュームレート(MVR値、単位:cm3/10min)を測定した。一方、処理前のペレットのMVR値も同様に測定した。かかる処理後のMVR値から処理前のMVR値を差し引いた値をΔMVRとして評価した。かかるΔMVRが小さいほど耐加水分解性が良好であり、50cm3/10min以下が好ましい。
ISO75−1、75−2に準拠して荷重たわみ温度を測定した。なお、試験片は長さ80mm×幅10mm×厚み4mmのものを用いた。荷重たわみ温度は用途によって要求されるレベルが異なるが、難燃剤を含まない成形品では100℃以上、難燃剤を含む成形品では70℃以上が好ましい。
米国アンダーライターラボラトリー社の定める方法(UL94)により、試験片厚さ1.6mmにおける難燃性を評価した(難燃剤を配合したもののみ評価)。
各実施例および比較例の各評価結果を表1および表2に示した。
(A成分:芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂)
A:粘度平均分子量25,110の直鎖状芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂パウダー(帝人化成(株)製パンライトL−1250WQ(商品名))
(B成分:ポリ乳酸樹脂および/または乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体)
B−1:ネイチャーワークス社製ポリ乳酸、グレード名“NatureWorks4032D”(D体含有量=1.4%、MVR値=2cm3/10min、水分量=360ppm、Tm=166℃、重量平均分子量=220,000)
B−2:ネイチャーワークス社製ポリ乳酸、グレード名“NatureWorks4060D”(D体含有量=12.0%、MVR値=3cm3/10min、水分量=3,190ppm、Tm=無し、重量平均分子量=200,000)
(C成分:フェノキシ樹脂)
C−1:ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製フェノキシ樹脂、“jER1256”(重量平均分子量51,897、エポキシ当量8,300g/eq)
(C成分以外)
C−2:ジャパンエポキシレジン(株)製エポキシ樹脂、“jER828”(重量平均分子量370、エポキシ当量186g/eq)
C−3:東都化成(株)製クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂、“YDCN−704A”(エポキシ当量205g/eq)
C−4:三菱レイヨン(株)製グリシジルメタクリレート、“KP−7653”(重量平均分子量20,000、エポキシ当量170g/eq)
(D成分:酸化防止剤)
D−1:n−オクタデシル−3−(3’,5’−ジ−tert−ブチル−4’−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート(チバ・ジャパン(株)製“イルガノックス”1076)
D−2:ビス(2,4−ジ−tert−ブチルフェニル)ペンタエリスリトールジホスファイト(旭電化工業(株)製“アデカスタブ”PEP−24G)
(E成分:難燃剤)
E:大八化学工業(株)製ビスフェノールAビス(ジフェニルホスフェート)を主成分とするリン酸エステル、“CR−741”
(F成分:無機充填剤)
F−1:林化成工業(株)製タルク、“HS−T0.8”(板状、平均粒子径2μm)
F−2:日東紡績(株)製ガラス繊維、“3PE−937S”( 直径13μm、長さ3mm、エポキシ化合物により集束)
(その他の成分)
i−1:三井化学(株)製低分子量ポリエチレン“Hiwax 405MP”
i−2:日油(株)製エポキシ基含有アクリル共重合体、“モディパーAT−14630”
i−3:三菱レイヨン(株)製アクリル酸アルキル共重合体、“メタブレンP−530A”(重量平均分子量310万)
i−4:三菱レイヨン(株)製ポリテトラフルオロエチレン系混合体、“メタブレンA−3750”(ポリテトラフルオロエチレンアクリル系共重合体からなる混合物、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン含有量50重量%))
2 ゲート(2点ピンゲート)
Claims (8)
- (A)芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂(A成分)100重量部に対し、(B)ポリ乳酸樹脂および/または乳酸類とその他のヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体(B成分)10〜100重量部、並びに(C)フェノキシ樹脂(C成分)0.001〜10重量部を含有する樹脂組成物。
- A成分100重量部に対し、(D)酸化防止剤(D成分)0.01〜2重量部を含有する請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- D成分がホスファイト系化合物、ホスホナイト系化合物、ヒンダードフェノール系化合物およびチオエーテル系化合物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の酸化防止剤である請求項2に記載の樹脂組成物。
- A成分100重量部に対し、(E)難燃剤(E成分)0.1〜100重量部を含有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- A成分100重量部に対し、(F)無機充填材(F成分)0.1〜100重量部を含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物からなる成形品。
- 射出成形、押出成形、熱成形、ブロー成形および発泡成形よりなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の成形法により成形した請求項6に記載の成形品。
- 自動車部品、電気・電子部品、電気機器外装部品およびOA外装部品からなる群より選ばれる部品である請求項6または7に記載の成形品。
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JP2015172100A (ja) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-10-01 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 発泡用ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物 |
CN107459799A (zh) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-12 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | 复合发泡材料及其制备方法、部件和汽车 |
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JP2015172100A (ja) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-10-01 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 発泡用ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物 |
CN107459799A (zh) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-12 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | 复合发泡材料及其制备方法、部件和汽车 |
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