JP2011218339A - Method for preparing thermit agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ultrahigh temperature region product which can easily, simply and stably generate, always and anywhere, a temperature zone of 1,700 to 1,800°C required for asbestos melting artificially by chemical reaction utilizing inorganic scrap wood.SOLUTION: The thermit agent is characterized in that iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed and adhered with Konnyaku fly powder, and the mixture is pelletized. Furthermore, iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed and adhered with water glass, the mixture is pelletized, and a thermit agent with the aluminum dross powder as a main raw material is made into a pill with Konnyaku scrap wood.

Description

  The present invention develops a new fuel that generates heat in order to create a temperature environment in an ultra-high temperature region using inorganic waste materials, thereby enabling detoxification treatment of harmful inorganic substances that cannot be melted or treated at room temperature. It relates to the manufacture of

  In the prior art relating to the thermit agent, it is difficult to handle main raw materials such as iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder, and in actual use, small bagging according to each mixing ratio is mainstream. However, in the case of bagging, the organic bag preferentially reacts and burns in the melting furnace, but naturally the surrounding oxygen is consumed. To keep the oxygen consumption as small as possible, the bag material should be as thin as possible. Therefore, before reaching the melting point in the melting furnace where the object to be melted changes from solid to liquid, most of the bags are broken and already in the bag where the thermite reaction is required. Each thermite agent is dispersed in the melted material and is merely a single inorganic powder, and it is virtually non-functional as a thermite agent, and is simply a powder. There are drawbacks.

  Today, the field of practical use as thermite is mostly in the field of ash melting furnaces. In these ash melting furnaces, ash is introduced into a hopper by a crane or the like, and a magnetic separator, crusher, belt conveyor, Although it is conveyed to a melting furnace via a screw conveyor or the like, the thermite agent is introduced into the material to be melted in any of these processes, and then enters the melting furnace. However, the thermite agent arrives under the burner so that it can be called the final process in the melting furnace. Because it is far from soft feeling like powder, it is originally a waste waste, so it is always in a broken bag environment, so it is strange that the thermite bag will arrive properly, so it is not normal to actually It is.

  Also in the prior patents, thermite-related ones are the structure of the furnace body, for example, the in-furnace temperature control method and the in-furnace temperature control device of the JP 2000-97425 waste melting apparatus, the JP 2003-56989 thermite type melting furnace, or the thermite agent. As the solidification method, there is only JP 2005-288453 solid thermite agent and solid thermite agent production apparatus, but this is a solidification method using water, and the use of water naturally causes the hydration reaction of the aluminum powder. Naturally, there is a major drawback that leads to the deterioration of the energy that should be the target in advance, and the aluminum hydroxide film wraps around the solid of each of the aluminum powder, which causes a deterioration of the heat generation energy. The reaction between iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder is an oxidation-reduction reaction, and this is the first effect expected when the two interface contact each other. Invite.

JP-A 2000-97425 waste melting apparatus In-furnace temperature control method and in-furnace temperature control apparatus for Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-56889 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-288453 includes a solid thermite agent and a solid thermite agent production apparatus. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 relate to a melting apparatus, and Patent Document 3 is a method for solidifying a thermite agent using water. The use of water naturally causes an oxidation reaction of the aluminum powder, and the oxide film before use naturally leads to energy loss and deterioration.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and its object is to require a special temperature in the ultra-high temperature range for melting for detoxifying special inorganic substances such as asbestos. Even the most marketable iron in inorganics requires temperatures around 1500 ° C., and its heat source requires coke oxy-combustion, while asbestos requires higher melting temperatures. In order to artificially create this ultra-high temperature range, the limit is around 1,400 ° C. with a heavy oil burner and about 1,700 ° C. with a gas burner, which is a fairly difficult temperature zone for asbestos melting. This plan is an ultra-high temperature range where the temperature range of 1,700 to 1,800 ° C required for melting asbestos can be generated easily, easily, and stably at any time by chemical reaction using inorganic waste. It is intended to create a product.

Means to solve the problem

As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventor has obtained the following knowledge.
That is, dry iron oxide powder with ultra-fine particles that occupy one of the thermite agents and high dispersibility, which is the waste soil left when rare metal titanium is extracted, while aluminum dross recycles recovered old aluminum products and aluminum waste materials. The supernatant residue of ultrafine particles generated when dissolved is dried and excluded from reuse, and it is a waste material with a lot of impurities, so-called so-called aluminum dross, both of which are waste materials. In the chemical reaction formula, iron oxide FE203 + aluminum AL → pure iron Fe + AL203, even in the demonstration test, the mixing ratio is on a weight basis, and aluminum dross is ideal for iron oxide 3, but it is not necessary to measure so precisely Apart from the weight ratio, the bulk ratio does not seem to be much different.

  When iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are solidified with an aqueous solution, there is a defect that aluminum deteriorates due to the hydration reaction of aluminum, and in the case of polymer adhesive or solution adhesive, the outer periphery of aluminum particles themselves is coated. There is considerable energy loss to expect an interfacial contact reaction called the thermite reaction.

Therefore, in the present invention, iron oxide powder, aluminum dross powder and waste material powder of konjac, which is a plant system, are commonly known as konjac flying powder, and when the screen is enlarged by a microscope, iron oxide powder, aluminum dross powder and konjac flying powder, Has an ideal triangular interface contact, there is no risk of energy deterioration due to coating with polymer adhesive, etc., and the loss due to combustion using organic material bags for filling the thermite agent, and the interface due to the coating agent An ideal and quick redox reaction was confirmed with no loss of contact reaction.

Therefore, we were able to see the completion of the auxiliary heat generating agent using pure thermite balls with iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder and konjac flying powder as a binder.

Other effective adhesives and adhesives that are assumed as adhesive components include those that have the function of solidification and adhesion after evaporation of water and solvents, such as glue, starch, molasses, natural rubber, casein and PVP, PEO, There is also the possibility of organic paste materials such as MC and CMC.

  When thermite pills are mixed with incinerated ash and heated and melted in a melting furnace, the thermite reaction occurs simultaneously, thermite reaction heat is generated, and an explosive shock wave is also generated to disturb the mixture. Due to the heating in the heating furnace, the surface of the object to be melted is melted, and only the surface layer is melted.However, by mixing thermite pills into the incineration ash, explosive disturbance of the thermite reaction causes the melting object to melt. The lower layer part goes up to the surface layer and is heated evenly up and down, and the depth of the molten layer becomes deep. As a result, the melting capacity of the mixture per hour is increased as compared with the melting by only the burner heating of the melting furnace. The addition of thermite pills increases the degree of capacity increase by 120-170% compared to the surface melting furnace alone.

  Thermite pills consist of a mixture of a raw material containing an aluminum component and a raw material containing an iron oxide component. Waste containing aluminum components such as waste aluminum cans for beverages and aluminum residue ash so-called aluminum dross generated when redissolving aluminum bullion is effective as raw materials containing aluminum components, but is limited to this. It is not a thing.

  Raw materials containing iron oxide components are general metal waste such as iron scrap and iron rust, dust collection ash such as converter dust and blast furnace dust generated in the steel industry, and also generated as a by-product during magnetic iron oxide production Iron oxide sludge, titanium extraction residue, red mud when aluminum hydroxide is produced from bauxite are effective, but are not limited thereto. These raw materials may be used as they are, or two or more different starting materials may be appropriately mixed and used.

  When using iron oxide sludge produced as a by-product during the production of magnetic iron oxide as the iron oxide-containing raw material, the water content may be dried to about 5 to 1% by sun drying or the like. Further, in order to produce a pill having a uniform and uniform component balance as much as possible, it is preferable to pulverize the lump in order to further improve the mixing with the aluminum raw material.

  The aluminum content in the reaction composition of thermite pills mainly composed of an aluminum-containing raw material and an iron oxide-containing raw material is preferably 5% or more. If it is less than 5%, the thermite exothermic reaction hardly occurs, which is not preferable. The mixing ratio of aluminum and iron oxide is preferably a ratio of iron oxide content of 2.5 to 3.0 with respect to aluminum content of 1, 3 to 12% by weight of titanium oxide, and manganese oxide of 1 to 3 in the mixture. It is preferable to make it contain by weight%. When titanium oxide and manganese oxide are already contained in the aluminum raw material and iron oxide raw material, the shortage of titanium oxide and manganese oxide may be added after mixing the aluminum raw material and the oxidation raw material. As a method of adding titanium oxide and manganese oxide, titanium oxide and manganese oxide itself may be added, or those containing titanium oxide and a manganese oxide component may be added. It is also effective to add waste particles containing titanium oxide and manganese oxide.

If the ratio of the aluminum-containing raw material and the iron oxide-containing raw material exceeds the upper limit, the iron oxide becomes excessive and the thermite exothermic reaction becomes difficult to occur. On the other hand, if it is less than the lower limit, the amount of aluminum becomes excessive and aluminum remains in the reaction product, which is not preferable.
If the titanium oxide content is less than the lower limit, the thermite reaction product has a high viscosity, so that the meltability becomes poor and continuous operation becomes impossible. Further, even if the content exceeds the upper limit, no further improvement effect of the meltability can be expected. About the mixing method of these compositions, for example, it may be mixed using a normal stirring mixer such as a fret mill, a high speed mixer, a mixer, etc., and there is a special limitation on the addition and mixing method of titanium oxide, manganese oxide and the like. There is no reason.

The reason why the thermit agent is made into a pill is that, when granulated or granulated, the density is higher than that of the powder or packed state, so that the propagation speed of combustion heat is high and a higher heat generation effect can be obtained.
As the granule or granulation molding method, dry molding is preferred because the aluminum component constituting the composition easily reacts with moisture.
The dry molding method may be a high pressure molding with a briquette machine or a method of adding a sticky inorganic binder, etc., but if the viscosity of konjac powder is used, it is relatively cheap and most of all uses waste materials. It's good for the times.

The invention's effect

The thermite pills and granules of the present invention enable standardization, rationalization, and mass production of production, standardization of transportation and transportation, ease of handling on site, and stable market as new fuel. It becomes. In addition, the use of waste materials is an effective use of limited resources. In particular, iron oxide and aluminum are fuels for natural resources, both of which are the first and second in content on the earth. One stone is thrown at the door.

  In the following, the embodiment of the present invention can be produced as it is with existing equipment and equipment such as a pill making machine, a confectionery making machine or a pellet making machine, and the low price and stabilization by mass production are the way to mass consumption. Opening a new market as a new fuel and providing a stable supply of ultra-high temperatures will enable the development of new technologies in the future. This embodiment is specifically described for better understanding of the gist of the invention, and the present invention is of course not limited thereto.

  The thermite pills could be easily produced simply by mixing the iron oxide powder, the aluminum dross powder, and the slightly wet konjac powder into the pellet production machine in Example 1, and adding them. After that, it was dried in less than a day in the sun, and the reaction test was immediately performed using a welding gas burner on the next day. At that time, a slight amount of exothermic smoke was seen, but there was almost no smoke compared to the normal combustion of organic matter, confirming that it was a chemical reaction just like the glass smoke when the match was ignited.

Example 2, Pelletized aluminum raw material of thermite pill drug: A dried aluminum residue ash generated during remelting of an aluminum ingot was used.
Iron oxide component: Red mud of red soil material titanium extract imported from the south was used after drying.
Auxiliary materials: Titanium oxide and manganese oxide wastes were used. The above aluminum raw material, iron oxide component, and auxiliary raw material are prepared in the following composition (wt%), konjac powder is mixed with 5%, and the diameter is 8mm and length is 10-12mm with a pelletizer. Made pellets.
Approximate composition of thermite pills Aluminum composition: 23%
Iron oxide component: 58%
Titanium oxide: 5%
Manganese oxide: 2%
Konjac powder: 10%

The thermite pill pellets mixed at a ratio of about 3: 1 to iron oxide and aluminum dross were melt tested in a surface melting furnace.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the surface melting furnace used in this example.
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a raw material to be melted, and thermite pills as an exothermic additive are formed by mixing so-called iron oxide and aluminum dross in a mixing ratio of 3: 1 with 10% konjac powder and pelletized.

The material 1 to be melted is pushed into the melting furnace 2 by a pusher.
The molten raw material 1 pushed into the furnace flows down from the inclined hearth while being melted.
Heavy oil A was used as the fuel for the burner.

  As the test material to be melted, incineration fly ash requiring a melting temperature of 1,400 ° C. to 1,450 ° C. or higher was used, so that the test agent was blown away by a burner flame and dust was scattered inside the furnace, and the outside of the furnace Since there was a possibility of leakage and it was not environmentally preferable, it was solidified with water glass, so it was not blown away by a burner flame, it could be heated in a furnace, and dust would not leak out of the furnace.

  When incineration fly ash, which is said to be the most difficult to melt, is melted in a surface melting furnace, it is necessary to heat it at 1450 ° C. or higher, and even if the time required to obtain 100 kg of molten slag is small, It took 30 hours to prepare the melting environment. On the other hand, when 100 kg of incinerated fly ash was mixed with 10 kg of pelletized thermite pills and heated by a burner, the total amount of melting was only 05 hours after the furnace temperature reached 1,650 ° C. There wasn't. Moreover, in order to maintain the reproducibility at a later date, as a result of photographing the melting temperature body with an infrared camera, it was found that the white temperature zone was 1,700 ° C. or more, and the effectiveness of the thermite agent could be confirmed.

  One of the most worried cases is the scattering of the thermite agent, but the present invention was able to prevent the thermit agent from scattering even in the ultra-high temperature range. In addition, the biggest anxiety material listed as the next problem in the ultrahigh temperature range of melting was the heat resistance of the refractory material in the hearth of the melting furnace, but as a result of the oxidation of aluminum in the thermite agent, it chemically changed to alumina. The result was an unexpected good result of acting as a hearth coating agent. The melting temperature of alumina is about 2,000 ° C., and as a result, it has been found that it can be processed economically at a very low cost. Another concern was the scattering of dust such as incineration fly ash during transport to the melting furnace, but the rough coating of the raw material to be melted with water glass prevents the scattering, and thermite preparation is made into pills with konjac powder. As a result, it was found that the thermite agent could be prevented from scattering. As a result, the incineration fly ash of the object to be melted, which is said to be the most difficult, was completely vitrified and rendered harmless, and the analysis result of the slag elution test was also acceptable.

  As described above in detail, the present invention is capable of completely pollution-free melting at a very low cost, in which all materials used are used as waste materials. Yes, it will make a great contribution to the future vein industry.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of introducing thermite pills into a surface melting furnace. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the shape of the thermite agent of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a state in which an ideal state in which the iron oxide particles and the aluminum dross particles of the present invention are bonded to the konjac powder particles at an interface is enlarged to a microscopic level. FIG. 4 is a photograph in which the 1,800 ° C. band was confirmed as a result of photographing the temperature in the melting furnace with an infrared camera.

1. Objects to be melted (incineration ash, etc.)
2, Melting furnace 3, Heating burner 4, Melting slag 5, Pill-like thermite agent is in a state where it is mixed with the object to be melted on the conveyor 6. Iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed and bonded with konjac powder and pills 7. State in which it is made 7, Iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed with konjac flying powder and made into pets 8. Konjac flying powder particles 9, iron oxide particles 10, aluminum particles

Claims (6)

  A thermite agent characterized in that iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed and adhered with konjac flying powder, and the mixture is pelletized.   A thermite agent characterized in that iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder are mixed and adhered with water glass, and the mixture is pelletized.   A thermite agent characterized in that iron oxide powder, aluminum dross powder and konjac flying powder are used as the main ingredients, and a process of mixing and adhering another adhesive or polymer and pelletizing the mixture.   The mixing ratio of iron oxide powder and aluminum dross powder is 100: (2-30) by weight ratio, The thermite agent of Claim 1 and Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   A thermite agent characterized in that iron oxide powder, aluminum dross powder and konjac flying powder are all waste materials.   The thermite according to claim 1, wherein each of the three products of the iron oxide powder, the aluminum dross powder, the konjac flying powder, or the water glass occupies 1% or more of the total thermite agent at least at the interface contact shape. Agent.