JP2011208055A - Thermal-blocked network-like polysilane - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stabilized network-like polysilane.SOLUTION: The polymerization terminal (halo-silyl group, silanol group, etc.) of the network-like polysilane in which a halosilane containing at least tri-halosilane is polymerized (for example, polyalkyl tri-halosilane, aryl tri-halosilane-alkyl tri-halosilane copolymer, aryl tri-halosilane-alkylaryl di-halosilane copolymer, etc.) is blocked by a blocking group such as a hydrocarbon group (for example, alkyl group, etc.).

Description

  The present invention relates to a network-like polysilane in which a polymerization terminal [halogen atom (or halosilyl group), hydroxyl group (or silanol group, etc.)] is blocked.

  Polysilane is a polymer compound with a silicon-silicon bond as the main chain and has various physical properties such as heat resistance, high refractive index, photoreactivity, hole transportability, light emission, etching resistance, and low dielectric constant. Material. Polysilanes make use of such excellent physical properties, such as ceramic precursors, interlayer insulating films, and optoelectronic materials (for example, photoelectrophotographic materials such as photoresists and organic photoreceptors, optical transmission materials such as optical waveguides, and optical memories such as optical memories). It is attracting attention as a recording material, a material for an electroluminescence element, and the like.

  Such polysilanes are produced, for example, by a method (so-called “magnesium reduction method”) in which halosilanes are polymerized (dehalogenated polycondensation) using magnesium as a reducing agent, usually at the end of polysilane (polysilane structure). Has a halogen atom (or halosilyl group) derived from a monomer (halosilanes) or a hydroxyl group (or silanol group) formed by terminal hydrolysis. Such a polysilane having a terminal is applied to various uses by utilizing the reactivity of the terminal group.

  For example, JP 2003-277474 A (Patent Document 1) discloses a curable resin composition containing a polysilane compound having a silanol group and an epoxy compound reactive with the silanol group.

JP 2003-277474 A (Claims)

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a stabilized network polysilane.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a network-like polysilane capable of achieving both stabilization and reactivity.

  The present inventors have found that polysilanes having reactive end groups (such as silanol groups) are advantageous from the viewpoint of reactivity, but among the polysilanes, in particular, network-like polysilanes obtained by polymerization of trihalosilanes and the like. Found that there are many reactive end groups as compared to linear polysilanes and the like, and the condensation reaction (self-condensation reaction) between the polysilanes proceeds due to the reactive end groups.

  Accordingly, as a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have blocked the polymerization terminal (halogen atom, hydroxyl group, etc.) of network-like (or branched or network-like) polysilane with an alkyl group (or the like) (or Substitution), the condensation reaction between the polysilanes does not proceed, and the network-like polysilane can be stabilized. Further, by leaving a part of the polymerization terminal, the reactivity of the polysilane (for example, with the epoxy compound) The present invention has been completed by finding that it can be stabilized without impairing the reactivity, etc.).

That is, the polysilane of the present invention is a network-like polysilane in which a halosilane containing at least trihalosilane is polymerized, and is a terminal-capped polysilane in which a polymerization terminal is blocked with a non-hydrolytic condensable group. In such an end-capped polysilane, the polymerization terminal may be capped (or substituted) with, for example, a hydrocarbon group (for example, an alkyl group such as a C _1-4 alkyl group).

  In the polysilane of the present invention, the polymerization terminal blockage rate may be, for example, 10% or more. Typically, in the polysilane, the concentration of the polymerization end group may be about 0.001 to 2 mol per mol of silicon atom of the polysilane, and the blocking rate of the polymerization end may be 20% or more.

  As described above, the polysilane of the present invention may have a polymerization terminal that remains without being blocked. Such a blocking rate of the polymerization terminal of polysilane may be, for example, about 20 to 95%. As polysilane having a typical polymerization terminal, the blocking rate of the polymerization terminal is about 25 to 90%, and the concentration of the non-blocked polymerization terminal group is 0.01 to 1 mol per mol of silicon atom of polysilane. Polysilanes and the like are included.

  The polysilane includes, as a trihalosilane unit, a polysilane containing at least one selected from an alkyltrihalosilane unit and an aryltrihalosilane unit (for example, polyalkyltrihalosilane, aryltrihalosilane-alkyltrihalosilane copolymer, or aryltrihalosilane). Silane-alkylaryl dihalosilane copolymer).

A typical polysilane of the present invention is a methyltrihalosilane-C _2-10 alkyltrihalosilane copolymer or an alkylaryldihalosilane-aryltrihalosilane copolymer, and a polymerization end group is a C _1-4 alkyl. And polysilane having a blocking rate of 30 to 85% at the polymerization terminal and a concentration of the polymerization terminal group not blocked of 0.15 to 0.8 mol per mol of silicon atom of the polysilane. .

  In the present specification, the “network-like polysilane” means a polysilane obtained using a halosilane containing at least trihalosilane as a polymerization component, regardless of whether the polymer structure is a network or not. The term “polymerization terminal” is used to mean all free halogen atoms (halosilyl groups) and hydroxyl groups (silanol groups) directly bonded to silicon atoms.

  In the present invention, a stabilized network-like polysilane can be provided. That is, such a network-like polysilane has a polymerization end (reactive polymerization end such as a halosilyl group or silanol group) blocked or substituted with a hydrocarbon group (such as an alkyl group) or the like. It is stabilized without causing an increase in In addition, by leaving a part of the polymerization terminal without blocking, it is possible to achieve both stabilization of the network polysilane and reactivity (reactivity with an epoxy resin, etc.).

[Polysilane]
The network-like (network-like or branched-chain) polysilane of the present invention (sometimes simply referred to as polysilane) is a polysilane obtained by polymerizing a halosilane containing at least trihalosilane, and the polymerization terminal is blocked (specifically, the polymerization terminal is It is a polysilane (end-capped polysilane) blocked with a blocking group.

(Halosilane)
As the halosilane, for example, mono to tetrahalosilane can be used. Examples of such mono to tetrahalosilanes include compounds represented by the following formulas (1) to (4).

(Wherein X ^{1 to} X ⁴ are the same or different and each represents a halogen atom, and R ^{1 to} R ³ are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an organic group or a silyl group)
In the above formula, the organic group represented by R ^{1 to} R ³ includes an alkyl group [a linear or branched C _1-10 alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and t-butyl groups. (Preferably C _1-6 alkyl group, especially C _1-4 alkyl group etc.), etc.], cycloalkyl group (C _5-8 cycloalkyl group such as cyclohexyl group, especially C _5-6 cycloalkyl group etc.), aryl Groups (C _6-12 aryl groups such as phenyl and naphthyl groups, preferably C _6-10 aryl groups, more preferably C _6-8 aryl groups), aralkyl groups [C _6-10 aryls such as benzyl and phenethyl groups] -C _1-6 other hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group _(such as _{C 6-10} aryl _{-C 1-4} alkyl group), etc.], an alkoxy group [methoxy, ethoxy Shi, propoxy, isopropoxy, _{C 1-10} alkoxy group (preferably _{C 1-6} alkoxy groups, especially _{C 1-4} alkoxy groups) such as butoxy and t- butoxy, etc.], an amino group, and N- substituted amino Groups (such as N-mono- or di-substituted amino groups substituted with the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, acyl group, etc.).

The aryl group constituting the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, or aralkyl group may have a substituent. Examples of such a substituent include the above-exemplified alkyl groups (particularly, C _1-6 alkyl groups and the like) and the above-exemplified alkoxy groups. The number of substituents is not particularly limited, and may be one or plural (for example, 2 to 4). Examples of the organic group having such a substituent include C _1-6 alkyl C _6-10 aryl groups such as tolyl, xylenyl, ethylphenyl, and methylnaphthyl groups (preferably mono to tri C _1-4 alkyl C _{6). -10} aryl groups, especially mono or di C _1-4 alkylphenyl groups); C _1-10 alkoxy C _6-10 aryl groups such as methoxyphenyl, ethoxyphenyl, _{methoxynaphthyl} groups (preferably C _1-6 alkoxy C) _6-10 aryl group, especially C _1-4 alkoxyphenyl group, etc.).

The silyl group represented by R ^{1 to} R ³ may be a substituted silyl group substituted with the exemplified alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, and / or alkoxy group.

  Of these groups, hydrogen atoms or hydrocarbon groups, particularly hydrocarbon groups (alkyl groups, aryl groups, etc.) are preferred.

In the formulas (1) to (4), the halogen atoms represented by X ^{1 to} X ⁴ include F, Cl, Br, and I atoms. Of these halogen atoms, Cl and Br (especially Cl) atoms are particularly preferred.

(1) Monohalosilane In the above formula (1), the groups R ^{1 to} R ³ are preferably hydrocarbon groups such as alkyl groups and aryl groups.

Representative monohalosilanes include, for example, trialkylmonohalosilanes (tri-C _1-10 alkyl monohalosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane, preferably tri-C _1-6 alkyl monohalosilanes, more preferably tri-C _1-4 alkyls. Monohalosilanes, etc.), dialkyl monoaryl monohalosilanes (diC _1-10 alkyl mono C _6-12 aryl monohalosilanes such as dimethylphenylchlorosilane, preferably diC _1-6 alkyl mono C _6-10 aryl monohalo silane, more preferably such di _{C 1-4} alkyl mono- _{C 6-8} aryl monohaloalkyl silane), mono _{C 1-10} alkyl di _{C 6-12} aryl monohaloalkyl silane such as monoalkyl diaryl monohaloalkyl silane (methyl diphenyl chlorosilane, preferably mono _{C 1 6} alkyl di _{C 6-10} aryl monohaloalkyl silane, more preferably such mono _{C 1-4} alkyl di _{C 6-8} aryl monohaloalkyl silane), tri _{C 6-12} aryl monohaloalkyl such triaryl monohaloalkyl silane (triphenyl chlorosilane Silane, preferably tri-C _6-10 aryl monohalosilane, more preferably tri-C _6-8 aryl monohalosilane, etc.). Monohalosilane can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

(2) Dihalosilane In the formula (2), the groups R ¹ and R ² are preferably hydrocarbon groups such as alkyl groups and aryl groups.

Representative dihalosilanes include, for example, dialkyldihalosilanes (diC _1-10 alkyldihalosilanes such as dimethyldichlorosilane, preferably diC _1-6 alkyldihalosilanes, more preferably diC _1-4 alkyl). Dihalosilanes), monoalkyl monoaryl dihalosilanes (mono C _1-10 alkyl mono C _6-12 aryl dihalosilanes such as methylphenyldichlorosilane, preferably mono C _1-6 alkyl mono C _6-10 aryl) Dihalosilanes, more preferably mono-C _1-4 alkyl mono-C _6-8 aryl dihalosilanes, etc., diaryl dihalosilanes (di-C _6-12 aryl dihalosilanes such as diphenyldichlorosilane, preferably di-C _{6 -10} aryl dihalo silane, more preferably _{di-C 6-8} aryl Halosilane, etc.), and the like. Preferred dihalosilanes include dialkyldihalosilanes, monoalkylmonoaryldihalosilanes, diaryldihalosilanes, and the like. Dihalosilane can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

(3) Trihalosilane In the above formula (3), R ¹ is preferably an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an aralkyl group or other hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group, Aryl groups are preferred.

Typical trihalosilanes include alkyltrihalosilanes (C _1-10 alkyltrihalosilanes such as methyltrichlorosilane, ethyltrichlorosilane, propyltrichlorosilane, butyltrichlorosilane, t-butyltrichlorosilane, hexyltrichlorosilane, preferably C _1-6 alkyltrihalosilane, more preferably such C _1-4 alkyl trihalosilane), such as mono C _6-10 cycloalkyl alkyltrihalosilane such monocycloalkyl alkyltrihalosilane (cyclohexyl trihalosilane), aryl trihalosilane (phenyltrichlorosilane , Tolyltrichlorosilane, xylyltrichlorosilane, etc., C _6-12 aryltrihalosilane, preferably C _6-10 aryltrihalosilane, more preferably C _{6 -8} aryltrihalosilane and the like). Preferred trihalosilanes include alkyltrihalosilanes, aryltrihalosilanes, and the like. Trihalosilanes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Although methyltrihalosilane is a halosilane that has a high silicon ratio and is advantageous in terms of increasing the silicon content in the polysilane, it is usually difficult to polymerize alone. In addition, methyltrihalosilane homopolymers (polymethyltrichlorosilane) are poorly soluble in many solvents (especially most organic solvents), and can be blended with coating materials containing solvents and other materials. It is difficult to. However, when methyltrihalosilane and other halosilanes are used in combination, polysilane can be obtained as a methyltrihalosilane copolymer. From the viewpoint of increasing the silicon content in the polysilane, among the halosilanes other than methyltrihalosilane, alkyltrihalosilanes, particularly alkyltrihalosilanes having a low carbon number (for example, C _2-10 alkyltrihalosilanes, preferably C _2-6 alkyltrihalosilanes, more preferably _C2-4 alkyltrihalosilanes, especially ethyltrihalosilane) are preferred.

(4) Tetrahalosilane Specific examples of tetrahalosilane include tetrachlorosilane, dibromodichlorosilane, and tetrabromosilane. Tetrahalosilanes may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Usually, tetrahalosilane is used in combination with mono to trihalosilane.

  These halosilanes can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  As described above, the halosilane includes at least a trihalosilane. Trihalosilane may be combined with other halosilanes (dihalosilane, tetrahalosilane, etc.).

(Polysilane)
Polysilane corresponding to the halosilane is produced by the polymerization (condensation reaction) of the halosilane as described above. Specifically, when (i) a halosilane represented by the above formula (1) is used, a unit represented by the following formula (1a) (or a unit, that is, a monohalosilane unit), (ii) the above formula (2) When a halosilane represented by the following formula (2a) is used, a unit represented by the following formula (2a) (dihalosilane unit), (iii) When a halosilane represented by the formula (3) is used, represented by the following formula (3a) Unit (trihalosilane unit), (iv) When a halosilane represented by the formula (4) is used, a polysilane having a unit (tetrahalosilane unit) represented by the following formula (4a) is obtained.

(Wherein R ^{1 to} R ³ are the same as described above.)
And since the polysilane of this invention is obtained by superposition | polymerization of the halosilane containing at least trihalosilane, it is a polysilane which has a trihalosilane unit (unit represented by said Formula (3a)) at least.

  In polysilane, preferable trihalosilane units (or units derived from trihalosilane) include alkyltrihalosilane units (or alkylsilane units), aryltrihalosilane units (or arylsilane units), and the like.

In polysilane, typical halosilane units (or combinations thereof) include (a) alkyltrihalosilane units (or alkyltrihalosilane units alone, for example, combinations of methyltrihalosilane units and _C2-10 alkyltrihalosilane units, C _2-10 alkyltrihalosilane units), (b) aryltrihalosilane units (or aryltrihalosilane units alone), (c) aryltrihalosilane units and dihalosilane units (eg monoalkylmonoaryldihalosilane units) The combination with is mentioned.

Specific network-like polysilanes include polyalkyltrihalosilanes [for example, methyltrichlorosilane-ethyltrichlorosilane copolymer (or methylsilane-ethylsilane copolymer (structure basic name), the same shall apply hereinafter), polyethyltrichlorosilane, etc. poly _{C 1-10} alkyl trihalosilane, preferably poly _{C 1-6} alkyl trihalosilane, more preferably poly _{C 1-4} alkyl trihalosilane, polyaryl trihalosilane (e.g., poly _C, such as poly phenyltrichlorosilane _{6- 12} aryl trihalosilane, preferably poly C _6-10 aryl trihalosilane, more preferably poly C _6-8 aryl trihalosilane), aryl trihalosilane - alkyltrihalosilane copolymer (e.g., methyltrichlorosilane Run - _{C 1-10} alkyltrihalosilane _{-C 6-12} aryl trihalosilane copolymers such as phenyltrichlorosilane copolymer, preferably _{C 1-6} alkyl trihalosilane _{-C 6-10} aryl trihalosilane copolymer, more preferably poly trihalosilane such C _1-4 alkyltrihalosilane -C _6-8 aryl trihalosilane copolymer); aryl trihalosilane - alkylaryl dihalo silane copolymer (e.g., phenyl trichlorosilane - methylphenyl di C _6-12 aryl trihalosilane-C _1-10 alkyl C _6-12 aryl dihalosilane, such as chlorosilane copolymer, preferably C _6-10 aryl trihalosilane-C _1-6 alkyl C _6-10 aryl dihalo silane, more preferably _{C 6-8} Reel trihalosilane _{-C 1-4} alkyl _{C 6-8} trihalosilanes such as aryl dihalo silane) - dihalosilane copolymer.

In the case where the polyalkyltrihalosilane includes a methyltrihalosilane unit, the polyalkyltrihalosilane is usually a copolymer of methyltrihalosilane and an alkyltrihalosilane having 2 or more carbon atoms [for example, poly (methyltrihalosilane- C _2-10 alkyl trihalosilane) (methyltrihalosilane _{-C 2-10} alkyl silane copolymer), preferably methyltrihalosilane _{-C 2-6} alkyl silane copolymer, more preferably methyltrihalosilane _{-C 2- 4-} alkylsilane copolymer].

  In the network-like polysilane, the proportion of trihalosilane units is 30 mol% or more (for example, 40 mol% or more), preferably 50 mol% or more (for example, 60 mol% or more), more preferably 70 mol% of the entire halosilane unit. It may be above (for example, 75 mol% or more), particularly 80 mol% or more.

  Moreover, when combining a dihalosilane unit and a trihalosilane unit, these ratios are the former / the latter (molar ratio) = 99/1 to 1/99, preferably 90/10 to 2/98 (for example, 85/15 to 2/98), more preferably 80/20 to 3/97 (e.g. 70/30 to 4/96), especially 60/40 to 5/95 (e.g. 50/50 to 7/93). It may be 50/50 to 5/95 (for example, 45/55 to 7/93, preferably 40/60 to 10/90, more preferably 30/70 to 88/12).

Further, when a methyltrihalosilane unit is used in combination with another halosilane unit (for example, a trihalosilane unit other than a methyltrihalosilane unit such as a C _2-10 alkyltrihalosilane unit), these ratios (use ratios) are the former. / Latter (molar ratio) = 1/99 to 95/5, preferably 2/98 to 90/10 (eg 2/98 to 80/20), more preferably 3/97 to 70/30 (eg 3 / 97-60 / 40), especially 4 / 96-55 / 45 (eg 5 / 95-55 / 45), usually 1 / 99-55 / 45 [eg 3 / 97-50 / 50, preferably 5/95 to 45/55, more preferably 7/93 to 40/60 (eg 8/92 to 37/63), in particular 8/92 to 35/65].

  The average degree of polymerization of the network-like polysilane may be 2 to 200, preferably 3 to 150, more preferably 5 to 120, particularly 7 to 100 (for example, 8 to 80).

  The weight average molecular weight of the network polysilane may be, for example, 300 to 20000, preferably 400 to 10000, more preferably 500 to 7000, particularly about 700 to 5000.

  Furthermore, the molecular weight distribution of the network-like polysilane [ratio Mw / Mn of weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn)] is, for example, 1.05 to 20, preferably 1.1 to 15, and more preferably. 1.15-10 (for example, 1.2-8) may be sufficient.

  The network-like polysilane has many polymerization ends as a halogen atom (halosilyl group) derived from halosilane (such as trihalosilane), and thus has a relatively low degree of polymerization and molecular weight. For this reason, it is an unstable polymer because the ratio of polymerization terminals shown in the whole polymer is large or a reaction (condensation reaction) between polymerization terminals tends to occur. In the present invention, the polymerization terminal of such network-like polysilane is stabilized by blocking (or replacing it with an inactive terminal).

  The concentration of terminal groups (or polymerization terminal groups, usually halogen atoms or silanol groups at the polymerization terminals) of the network-like polysilane (unblocked polysilane) is 0.01 to 2 mol per mol of silicon atoms of the polysilane (for example, 0.03 to 1.3 mol), preferably 0.05 to 1.2 mol, more preferably about 0.1 to 1.1 mol, and usually 0.2 to 1.5 mol (for example, 0.3 to 1.3 mol, preferably 0.4 to 1.2 mol). The end group concentration (end group quantification) can be measured by a conventional analysis method such as fluorescent X-ray analysis (WDX fluorescent X-ray analysis), NMR, or the like.

  The polymerization terminal of polysilane is usually a halogen atom after polymerization, but such a halogen atom is easily hydrolyzed into a hydroxyl group (silanol group). Therefore, it seems that polysilane having a halogen atom as a polymerization terminal is easily converted into a polysilane having a silanol group which is a reactive terminal when left standing without being blocked, due to moisture in the air. Therefore, in the present invention, as described later, it is preferable that such a halogen atom at the polymerization terminal is blocked (for example, substituted with an organic group by a Grignard reaction described later) before being converted into a silanol group.

  As the blocking group for blocking the polymerization terminal (substituent for replacing the polymerization terminal), a halogen atom or silanol group as the polymerization terminal is blocked (substituted), and a non-hydrolytic condensable group (or a group having low hydrolysis condensability). ) Group (that is, non-hydrolyzable condensable group) is not particularly limited, and may be an alkoxy group, an acyl group (acetyl group, etc.), a fluorine atom, etc., but a silyl group (organic silyl group) A hydrocarbon group is preferred, and a hydrocarbon group is particularly preferred.

Examples of the silyl group include trialkylsilyl groups (for example, tri-C _1-10 alkylsilyl groups such as trimethylsilyl group and triethylsilyl group, preferably tri-C _1-4 alkylsilyl groups, more preferably tri-C _1-2 alkylsilyl group), triarylsilyl groups (e.g., tri _{C 6-10} aryl silyl group such as a triphenylsilyl group), _{di-C 1-4} alkyl _-C such dialkyl aryl silyl group (dimethylphenylsilyl group _{6- 10} an aryl silyl group), C _1-4 alkyl, such as alkyldiarylsilyl groups (methyl diphenyl silyl group - and the like, such as di-C _6-10 aryl silyl group) three silyl groups having a hydrocarbon group substituted such that .

The hydrocarbon group includes an alkyl group [eg, a linear or branched C _1-10 alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a t-butyl group (preferably C _1-6 alkyl group, especially C _1-4 alkyl group etc.)], cycloalkyl group (eg C _5-8 cycloalkyl group such as cyclohexyl group, especially C _5-6 cycloalkyl group etc.), aryl group (For example, C _6-12 aryl group such as phenyl group and naphthyl group, preferably C _6-10 aryl group, more preferably C _6-8 aryl group), aralkyl group [for example, benzyl group, phenethyl group, etc. C _6-10 aryl-C _1-6 alkyl group (such as C _6-10 aryl-C _1-4 alkyl group) and the like. In particular, the blocking group (nonhydrolyzable condensable group) is preferably an alkyl group (for example, a C _1-4 alkyl group such as a methyl group).

  These blocking groups (or substituents) may be used alone or in combination of two or more to block the polymerization terminal of polysilane.

  In the polysilane with the terminal blocked (stabilized polysilane), the terminal blocking ratio (blocking ratio with respect to the entire terminal) is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 10% or more (for example, 15 to 100%), preferably 20%. Or more (for example, 25 to 99%), more preferably about 30% or more (for example, 35 to 95%), 40% or more (for example, 50 to 95%, preferably 55 to 90%, further Preferably, it may be about 60 to 85%. If the end-capping is in such a range, polysilane can be stabilized efficiently.

  In addition, the polymerization terminal of polysilane should just block at least one part (namely, one part or all part), and in order to ensure the reactivity (for example, reactivity with an epoxy resin, etc.) of polysilane, stabilizing. , A part of the ends may be left without blocking. Such polysilane has a terminal blocking ratio (polymerization terminal blocking ratio) of, for example, 10 to 99% (for example, 20 to 95%), preferably 25 to 90% (for example, 30 to 85%), and more preferably. It may be about 35 to 80%. The terminal blocking rate can be calculated by measuring the amount of terminal groups of the polysilane before and after terminal blocking by, for example, fluorescent X-ray analysis (WDX fluorescent X-ray analysis), NMR, or the like.

  In addition, the proportion (concentration) of polymer end groups [for example, halogen atoms (halosilyl groups), hydroxyl groups (silanol groups)] that are not blocked in the polysilane after being end-capped (stabilized polysilane) is the silicon of the polysilane. It can be selected from the range of about 0.001 to 1 mol (for example, 0.005 to 0.8 mol) per mol of atom, for example, 0.01 to 1 mol (for example, 0.03 to 0.9 mol). , Preferably 0.05 to 0.8 mol, more preferably about 0.1 to 0.75 mol, usually 0.15 to 0.8 mol (eg 0.2 to 0.7 mol) It may be a degree. The end group concentration (end group quantification) can be measured by a conventional analysis method such as fluorescent X-ray analysis (WDX fluorescent X-ray analysis), NMR, or the like.

  The terminal blocking rate or the amount of unblocked terminal groups can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of terminal blocking agent or the reaction time required for blocking.

  The silicon content of the polysilane may be, for example, about 10 to 70% by weight, preferably about 15 to 60% by weight, and more preferably about 20 to 60% by weight.

[Production method of polysilane]
The method for producing the network-like polysilane is not particularly limited as long as it can produce polysilane using halosilane, but usually a method (magnesium reduction method) in which halosilanes are polymerized (dehalogen polycondensation) using magnesium as a reducing agent. It can be suitably used.

  Typically, in the present invention, a polysilane may be produced by reacting (or polymerizing) a halosilane in an aprotic solvent in the presence of at least a metal magnesium component.

  As the halosilane, the exemplified halosilane can be used. In addition, it is preferable that halosilane is highly purified, for example, you may distill and use before use.

  In addition, the density | concentration (substrate density | concentration) of the halosilane in a raw material mixture (reaction liquid) is about 0.05-20 mol / l, for example, Preferably it is about 0.1-15 mol / l, More preferably, it is 0.2-5 mol / l. It may be about l.

(Metallic magnesium component)
The metallic magnesium component (magnesium component) may be any component that contains magnesium in the form of active metallic magnesium (ie, magnesium that is not magnesium ions, etc.), such as metallic magnesium (magnesium alone), magnesium alloy, and a mixture thereof. There may be. The kind of magnesium alloy is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include conventional magnesium alloys such as magnesium alloys containing components such as aluminum, zinc, rare earth elements (scandium, yttrium, etc.). These metal magnesium components can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The shape of the magnesium component is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the reaction of the halosilane, but it is granular (powder, granular, etc.), ribbon, cut piece, lump, rod, plate (flat plate) Etc.), and in particular, powders, granules, ribbons, cut pieces and the like are preferable. The average particle diameter of the magnesium metal component (for example, powdery magnesium metal component) may be, for example, 1 to 10000 μm, preferably 10 to 7000 μm, and more preferably 15 to 5000 μm (for example, 20 to 3000 μm).

  Depending on the storage status of the magnesium metal component, a film (such as an oxide film) may be formed on the metal surface. Since this coating may adversely affect the reaction, it may be removed by an appropriate method such as cutting or elution (pickling such as hydrochloric acid cleaning) as necessary.

  In addition, you may use a metal magnesium component for superposition | polymerization as an active metal magnesium component by the method of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-226586, etc.

  The metal magnesium component is used in an amount of, for example, 0.3 to 30 equivalents, preferably 0, in terms of magnesium with respect to the halogen atoms of halosilane (the total amount of halosilanes, the same shall apply hereinafter when halosilanes are used) 0.5 to 20 equivalents, more preferably about 1 to 15 equivalents, and usually about 1 to 20 equivalents (for example, 1.2 to 15 equivalents, preferably 1.5 to 10 equivalents). .

  The amount of the metallic magnesium component used is 1 to 500 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 200 parts by weight, and particularly about 10 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the halosilane. May be.

  The metal magnesium component reduces halosilane to form polysilane, and magnesium itself is oxidized to form a halide. And the unreacted metallic magnesium component which is not used for reduction | restoration of halosilane is contained in a reaction mixture. Such a magnesium component may be converted into a Grignard reagent as described later (and used for blocking the polymerization terminal).

  The reaction may be performed in the presence of at least a metal magnesium component, but may be performed in the presence of at least one selected from a lithium compound and a metal halide (promoter or catalyst) in order to promote polymerization of the halosilane. .

(Lithium compound)
Lithium compounds include lithium halides (lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, etc.), inorganic acid salts (lithium nitrate, lithium carbonate, lithium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydrochloride, lithium sulfate, lithium perchlorate, lithium phosphate Etc.) can be used. These lithium compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. A preferred lithium compound is lithium halide (especially lithium chloride).

  The proportion of the lithium compound is, for example, about 0.1 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 150 parts by weight, and more preferably about 5 to 100 parts by weight (for example, 5 to 75 parts by weight) with respect to 100 parts by weight of the halosilane. Usually, it is about 10 to 80 parts by weight.

  The concentration of the lithium compound in the solvent (reaction solution) is usually 0.05 to 5 mol / L, preferably 0.1 to 4 mol / L, particularly about 0.15 to 3 mol / L. Also good.

(Metal halide)
Examples of metal halides (metal halides excluding lithium halide) include polyvalent metal halides such as transition metals (for example, periodic table group 3A elements such as samarium, periodic table group 4A elements such as titanium, vanadium, etc. Periodic table 5A group element, periodic table 8 group element such as iron, nickel, cobalt, palladium, periodic table 1B group element such as copper, periodic table 2B group element such as zinc), periodic table 3B group metal (such as aluminum) And metal halides (such as chloride, bromide or iodide) such as Group 4B metals (such as tin) in the periodic table. Although the valence of the metal constituting the metal halide is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 to 4 valence, particularly 2 or 3 valence. These metal halides can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The metal halide is preferably a chloride or bromide of at least one metal selected from iron, aluminum, zinc, copper, tin, nickel, cobalt, vanadium, titanium, palladium, samarium and the like.

Examples of such metal halides include chlorides (iron chloride such as FeCl ₂ and FeCl ₃ ; AlCl ₃ , ZnCl ₂ , SnCl ₂ , CoCl ₂ , VCl ₂ , TiCl ₄ , PdCl ₂ , and SmCl ₂ ). Examples thereof include bromides (such as iron bromide such as FeBr ₂ and FeBr ₃ ) and iodides (such as SmI ₂ ). Of these metal halides, chlorides (for example, iron chlorides such as iron (II) chloride and iron (III), zinc chloride) and bromides are preferred. Usually, iron chloride and / or zinc chloride, especially zinc chloride and the like are used.

  The proportion of the metal halide may be, for example, 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably about 2 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the halosilane.

  The concentration of the metal halide in the solvent (reaction solution) is usually about 0.001 to 6 mol / L, preferably 0.005 to 4 mol / L, more preferably 0.01 to 3 mol. It may be about / L.

(Aprotic solvent)
Examples of the aprotic solvent as the solvent (reaction solvent) include ethers (1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis (2-methoxyethyl). Cyclic or linear C _4-6 ether such as ether), carbonates (such as propylene carbonate), nitriles (such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile), amides (such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide), sulfoxides (such as dimethyl sulfoxide) Aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (eg, chain or cyclic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, octane, cyclooctane, etc.).

  These aprotic solvents can be used alone or in combination of two or more as a mixed solvent. Among these solvents, at least polar solvents [for example, ethers [for example, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, bis (2-methoxyethyl) ether, 1,4-dioxane, etc. (especially tetrahydrofuran, 1,2- Dimethoxyethane)] is preferably used. A polar solvent may be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types, and may combine a polar solvent and a nonpolar solvent.

  In addition, since halosilane reacts rapidly with water, it is preferable that the raw materials used (that is, a metal magnesium component, a lithium compound, a metal halide, an aprotic solvent, etc.) are dried before use.

  The reaction temperature is usually in the temperature range from −20 ° C. to the boiling point of the solvent used, for example, 0 to 150 ° C., preferably 5 to 100 ° C., more preferably about 10 to 80 ° C. May be.

  The reaction time varies depending on the type of halosilane, the amount of metal halide and magnesium metal component, etc., but it may usually be 5 minutes or longer, for example, 30 minutes to 100 hours, preferably 1 to 80 hours, More preferably, it may be about 2 to 60 hours.

  As described above, a reaction mixture containing the produced polysilane is obtained. And the reaction mixture after such polymerization contains unreacted metallic magnesium component (or remaining metallic magnesium component) in addition to the produced polysilane. In addition, the ratio of the metal magnesium component which remains is 90 weight% or less (for example, 0.5 to 85 weight%) with respect to the metal magnesium component used (charged) in reaction, Preferably it is 80 weight% or less (for example, 1 to 75% by weight), more preferably 70% by weight or less (for example, 2 to 65% by weight), and particularly 60% by weight or less (for example, 3 to 55% by weight).

  In the present invention, as described later, the metal magnesium component contained (or remaining) in such a reaction mixture may be converted into a Grignard reagent and used for blocking the polymerization terminal of polysilane. Specifically, the reaction mixture is mixed with a compound that reacts with the metal magnesium component to form a Grignard reagent (that is, an organic halide), thereby reacting the metal magnesium component with the organic halide to produce a Grignard reagent. And the polymerization terminal of polysilane may be blocked.

(Method for blocking the polymerization terminal)
The polymerization terminal blockage may be performed on a commercially available polysilane or a polysilane separated from the reaction mixture after the polymerization reaction. As described above, the network-like polysilane having many polymerization terminals is moisture in the air. Is likely to cause a decrease in physical properties of polysilane (for example, a decrease in polysilane characteristics due to introduction of a siloxane bond (—Si—O—Si—) due to self-condensation). For this reason, it is preferable to perform blocking after the polymerization reaction.

  Examples of the method for blocking the polymerization terminal include a method in which polysilane is reacted with a blocking agent capable of reacting with a halogen atom or a silanol group at the polymerization terminal. The blocking agent can be appropriately selected according to the type of the blocking group exemplified above, and includes monohalosilanes (for example, monohalosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane and butyldimethylchlorosilane), silyl triflates, and silanes (for example, trimethylsilane and the like). Alkyl silane etc.), Grignard reagents and the like. For example, when monohalosilane is used as a blocking agent and reacted with a polymerization terminal, a dehalogenation reaction occurs in the same manner as in the polysilane production method, and the polymerization terminal is blocked with a group derived from monohalosilane (for example, a trialkylsilyl group). The resulting polysilane is obtained.

  In particular, in the present invention, the polymerization terminal may be blocked using a Grignard reagent as a blocking agent. The Grignard reagent can be generated by reacting magnesium (metallic magnesium) with an organic halide.

  In the organic halide (organic compound having a halogen atom), the halogen atom usually includes a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and a bromine atom and an iodine atom are preferable. The organic halide may have one halogen atom or may have a plurality of halogen atoms. The plurality of halogen atoms may be the same or different halogen atoms.

Representative organic halides include, for example, haloalkanes (eg, haloC _1-10 alkanes such as methyl chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, ethyl iodide, preferably haloC _1-6 alkanes). And more preferably, halogenated hydrocarbons such as haloC _1-4 alkane) and haloarenes (for example, haloC _6-10 arenes such as bromobenzene). The organic halides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Preferred organic halides are haloalkanes (eg bromoalkanes, iodoalkanes), especially halo lower alkanes (eg haloC _1-4 alkanes such as methyl iodide, preferably haloC _1-2 alkanes, more preferably Halomethane) is preferred. The organic group of the organic halide is introduced as a blocking group at the polymerization end of the polysilane by the Grignard reaction (or the polymerization end of the polysilane is substituted by the organic group), but the haloalkane is highly reactive, and in particular, the halo lower alkane. Since the organic group is a lower alkyl group, it is also preferable in that the decrease in the silicon content of the polysilane can be suppressed.

  When the structural formula of the organic halide is RX (wherein X represents a halogen atom and R represents an organic group) due to the reaction between magnesium and the organic halide, the structural formula RMgX (where X and R are the same). Is the same as above).

  Such a Grignard reagent reacts with a polymerization terminal (such as a halogen atom) of a network-like polysilane (particularly, the generated polysilane contained in the reaction mixture) (Grignard reaction), and the halogen atom at the polymerization terminal of the polysilane is organically converted. The terminal of polysilane is blocked in the form of substitution with an organic group derived from a halide (for example, a hydrocarbon group exemplified above as a blocking group such as an alkyl group).

  Specifically, the following reaction occurs between Grignard reagent RMgX and polysilane having a halogen atom as a polymerization terminal.

(In the formula, X and R are the same as above.)
For example, when a halogenated hydrocarbon (for example, haloalkane) is used as the organic halide, a halogen atom at the polymerization terminal of polysilane is substituted with a hydrocarbon group (for example, an alkyl group).

  The Grignard reagent is preferably reacted with polysilane in the reaction mixture as described above. Therefore, the Grignard reagent may be mixed with the reaction mixture and reacted with polysilane (polymerization end of polysilane). The Grignard reagent may be separately generated and mixed with the reaction mixture, or may be generated using at least the metal magnesium component remaining in the reaction mixture. Specifically, a Grignard reagent is generated from the remaining metal magnesium component, and the generated Grignard reagent is reacted with polysilane having a halogen atom as a polymerization end to block the polymerization end (specifically, as a polymerization end A polysilane in which a halogen atom is substituted with an organic group derived from an organic halide can also be produced.

  In many cases, an unreacted metallic magnesium component remains in the reaction mixture, and such a metallic magnesium component is usually separated in a later step, but a step such as filtration is necessary for the separation. In addition, hydrogen gas is generated by the reaction with water, so that solid magnesium hydroxide is generated, which complicates the purification of polysilane. Therefore, when such a magnesium component is used as a magnesium source of a Grignard reagent, not only can it be used for blocking the polymerization end, but also the polysilane purification step (manufacturing process) can be simplified.

  The amount of the organic halide used can be appropriately selected according to the polymerization end group concentration of the polysilane. For example, the usage ratio of the organic halide (mixing ratio with respect to the reaction mixture) is 1 mol of the magnesium component in the reaction mixture. 1 mol or more (for example, 1.01 to 10 mol), preferably 1.05 to 8 mol, and more preferably about 1.1 to 5 mol.

  In addition, when converting the metal magnesium component remaining to block the end of polysilane into a Grignard reagent, as necessary (for example, when the terminal of polysilane cannot be sufficiently blocked with the Grignard reagent derived from the remaining metal magnesium component) The metal magnesium component may be further mixed into the reaction mixture. Moreover, it is not necessary to make all the remaining magnesium metal components into Grignard reagents. For example, as described above, when a part of the polymerization terminal of the polysilane is left, the amount of the Grignard reagent to be generated may be appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the remaining magnesium component in the reaction mixture.

  In the Grignard reagent formation reaction and Grignard reaction, reaction conditions such as reaction temperature and reaction time can be appropriately selected. Since the Grignard reagent easily decomposes and decomposes with water, the Grignard reaction is preferably carried out under the condition that water does not enter, like the polymerization reaction of halosilane. When the remaining metal magnesium component is used, the Grignard reagent formation reaction and Grignard reaction (reaction of Grignard reagent and polysilane) occur in the same reaction system, but if necessary, the reaction conditions can be changed stepwise. The reaction may be carried out while changing to

  The produced polysilane (end-capped polysilane) can be easily separated and purified from the reaction mixture after the Grignard reagent production reaction (and after the Grignard reaction) using a conventional method.

  In particular, in the present invention, the Grignard reagent may be converted into a magnesium salt and separated from the reaction mixture by mixing at least water with the reaction mixture (the reaction mixture after the Grignard reagent is produced). In other words, at least water may be mixed in the reaction mixture after the Grignard reagent is produced, and the magnesium salt produced from the Grignard reagent may be dissolved in water and separated.

  That is, although the metal magnesium component reacts with water, its progress is slow and generates hydrogen gas, but the Grignard reagent is easily hydrolyzed with water to form a magnesium halide (for example, magnesium iodide, chloride). Magnesium salt such as magnesium). A similar magnesium salt is also formed when a Grignard reagent reacts with the polymerization terminal (halogen atom) of polysilane. Such magnesium salts are usually water-soluble, and polysilanes are often hydrophobic. Therefore, the magnesium salt by-produced by the hydrolysis reaction of the Grignard reagent or the Grignard reaction between the Grignard reagent and polysilane (polymerization end of polysilane) can be easily separated from the mixture containing polysilane by dissolving in water. .

  As described above, the Grignard reagent is decomposed into a magnesium salt form when it is subjected to a Grignard reaction with polysilane. Even when such a Grignard reaction occurs, an unreacted Grignard reagent is decomposed. If the reagent remains, the unreacted Grignard reagent may be hydrolyzed with water.

  The mixing amount of water can be appropriately selected according to the amount of the remaining Grignard reagent and is not particularly limited. For example, 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 100 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the reaction mixture. It may be about 50 parts by weight, more preferably about 1 to 30 parts by weight (for example, 1.5 to 20 parts by weight). In order to efficiently hydrolyze the Grignard reagent, water may be mixed as a mixed solution (for example, an aqueous solution of an acid) of an acid (for example, an inorganic acid such as hydrogen chloride) and water, if necessary.

Moreover, you may mix the organic solvent which can melt | dissolve polysilane with water. The organic solvent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrocarbons [eg, aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (eg, hexane, cyclohexane, octane, cyclooctane, etc.). Chain or cyclic hydrocarbons)], ethers (eg, chain ethers such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether, cyclic ethers such as dioxane and tetrahydrofuran), ketones (C _3-6 dialkyl ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone) , Cycloalkanones such as cyclohexanone), esters (carboxylic acid C _1-4 alkyl esters such as ethyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate; ethoxyethyl propionate), Alcohols (meta Lumpur, ethanol, n- propanol, monohydric alcohols such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol, and polyhydric alcohols such as diethylene glycol), cellosolves (methyl cellosolve, C _1-4 alkyl cellosolve such as ethyl cellosolve, etc.), Carbitols ( _C1-4 alkyl carbitols such as methyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, propyl carbitol, butyl carbitol), glycol ether esters (cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, etc.) It is done. The organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In particular, when at least a hydrophobic organic solvent is mixed, an aqueous phase containing a magnesium salt and an organic phase containing a polysilane (hydrophobic organic solvent phase) can be efficiently separated (phase separation). And by such phase separation, polysilane can be easily separated and purified by solvent extraction (liquid-liquid extraction). Hydrophobic solvents include hydrocarbons [for example, aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (for example, linear or cyclic hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, octane, cyclooctane, etc.) And the like], ethers (eg, chain ethers such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether), and the like. In addition, when the reaction solvent is a hydrophobic solvent, it is not always necessary to add the hydrophobic organic solvent, and the reaction solvent may be used as the hydrophobic organic solvent. May be mixed.

  The amount of the organic solvent (for example, an organic solvent containing at least a hydrophobic organic solvent) is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of water. It may be about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably about 0.5 to 10 parts by weight.

  The polysilane thus obtained is further separated by a conventional separation and purification means, for example, a separation and purification means such as concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, column chromatography, or a combination of these. It may be purified.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  In Examples, the molecular weight (weight average molecular weight) of polysilane was measured using GPC (HLC-8320GPC manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) under the following conditions.

  Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min, injection amount: 100 μL, temperature: 40 ° C., solvent: first grade tetrahydrofuran, detector: RI (differential refraction)

Example 1
In a separable flask with an internal volume of 1000 ml equipped with a three-way cock, 21.6 parts by weight (0.90 mol) granular magnesium (0.90 mol) and 15.6 parts by weight anhydrous lithium chloride (0.37 mol), anhydrous chloride 10.0 parts by weight (0.27 mol) of zinc was charged, dry argon gas was introduced into the reactor, 500 ml of dehydrated grade tetrahydrofuran was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 30 minutes. Further, in the reactor, a mixture of 93.5 parts by weight (0.44 mol) of phenyltrichlorosilane and 14.9 parts by weight (0.078 mol) of methylphenyldichlorosilane was added to the dropping funnel while maintaining 20 to 35 ° C. Was added over 2 hours and then stirred at 30 to 35 ° C. for about 24 hours for reaction. In addition, when the terminal group density | concentration of the polysilane after completion | finish of reaction was measured by WDX fluorescence X-ray | X_line, it was 0.69 mol per mol of silicon of polysilane.

  After completion of the reaction, 10.8 parts by weight (0.44 mol) of magnesium was added, and 148.0 parts by weight (1.04 mol) of methyl iodide was added to the reaction mixture using a dropping funnel while maintaining 60 to 67 ° C. It added over time and stirred at 40-55 degreeC for about 24 hours.

  To the reaction mixture after stirring, 563.5 parts by weight (6.12 mol) of toluene and 165.0 parts by weight of pure water were added. Thereafter, 1N hydrochloric acid (121.6 parts by weight) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C. for 0.5 hour. After standing for 0.5 hour, the lower layer was discarded and magnesium chloride (Grignard reagent decomposition product) was added. Removed.

  Further, after washing with 200 ml of pure water 8 times, the product was dried through filter paper covered with 40 parts by weight of anhydrous magnesium sulfate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical), and then dried at 65 ° C. and 10 torr for 20 hours. 2 parts by weight of a pale yellow viscous solid (yield 90.0%) was obtained. As a result of measuring the molecular weight of the obtained compound by GPC, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 1,200, and the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn was 1.3. According to NMR analysis, a phenyltrichlorosilane-methylphenyldichlorosilane copolymer (the former / the latter (molar ratio) = 85/15) was obtained and measured by WDX fluorescence X-ray. It was found that 77% of terminal groups [chlorine atoms (or chlorosilyl groups), hydroxyl groups (silanol groups), etc.] were blocked (substituted) by methyl groups.

  In polysilane, the concentration of terminal groups not blocked by methyl groups (chlorine atoms, silanol groups, etc.) was 0.16 mol per mol of silicon in polysilane.

  And stability of the obtained polysilane was confirmed by the following method.

  10 parts by weight of the obtained polysilane was added to each of three No. 2 screw tubes (manufactured by Maruem), placed in a dryer set at 50 ° C., and heated in an air atmosphere for 2, 6, and 24 hours. As a result of measuring the weight average molecular weight (Mw) by GPC after heating, Mw after 2 hours was 1200, Mw after 6 hours was 1200, and Mw after 24 hours was 1200. From this, it was found that the obtained polysilane was a stable polysilane with no change in molecular weight.

(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 1, 50.2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that methyl iodide was not used, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the remaining magnesium was filtered and subjected to washing with pure water. A light yellow viscous solid was obtained in parts by weight (yield 90.0%). By adding water, water and magnesium reacted to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, and it took considerable time for filtration.

  As a result of measuring the molecular weight of the obtained compound by GPC, a phenyltrichlorosilane-methylphenyldichlorosilane copolymer (the former having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,500 and a molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn of 1.9) was obtained. / Latter (molar ratio) = 85/15). In addition, although Mw is larger than Example 1, it is considered that the condensation of polysilane has already occurred slightly due to the silanol group generated by the addition of water.

  Further, the stability of the obtained polysilane was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, Mw after 2 hours was 2200, Mw after 6 hours was 2240, and Mw after 24 hours was 3000. From this, it was found that the obtained polysilane was a polysilane which showed a change in molecular weight and was unstable in quality.

(Example 2)
In a separable flask with an internal volume of 1000 ml equipped with a three-way cock, 42.6 parts by weight (1.8 mol) of granular magnesium (particle size: 30 to 40 μm), 46.8 parts by weight (1.1 mol) of anhydrous lithium chloride, anhydrous chloride 45.0 parts by weight (0.3 mol) of zinc was charged, dry argon gas was introduced into the reactor, 500 ml of dehydrated grade tetrahydrofuran was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 30 minutes. A mixture of 114.8 parts by weight (0.7 mol) of ethyltrichlorosilane and 11.7 parts by weight (0.08 mol) of methyltrichlorosilane was added to the reactor using a dropping funnel while maintaining the temperature at 35 ° C. or lower. The mixture was added over 4 hours and then stirred at 35 to 40 ° C. for about 24 hours to be reacted. In addition, when the terminal group density | concentration of the polysilane after completion | finish of reaction was measured with WDX fluorescence X-ray | X_line, it was 1.05 mol per mol of silicon of polysilane.

  After completion of the reaction, 124.4 parts by weight (0.8 mol) of methyl iodide was added to the reaction mixture over 2 hours using a dropping funnel while maintaining 60 to 67 ° C, and the mixture was stirred at 60 to 67 ° C for about 24 hours. did.

  To the reaction mixture after stirring, 152.0 parts by weight (1.6 mol) of toluene and 400 parts by weight of pure water were added. Thereafter, 1N hydrochloric acid (60.8 parts by weight) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 to 67 ° C. for 1 hour and allowed to stand for 0.5 hour. Further, after washing with 200 ml of pure water 15 times, the product was dried through a filter paper lined with 40 parts by weight of anhydrous magnesium sulfate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical), and then dried at 60 ° C. and 10 torr for 15 hours. 9 parts by weight of a pale yellow viscous solid (yield 85.0%) was obtained. As a result of measuring the molecular weight of the obtained compound by GPC, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 4200, and the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn was 4.9.

  NMR analysis revealed that an ethyltrichlorosilane-methyltrichlorosilane copolymer (the former / the latter (molar ratio) = 90/10) was obtained, and the end point in the polysilane molecule was measured by WDX X-ray fluorescence. It was found that 38% of the groups [chlorine atom (or chlorosilyl group), hydroxyl group (silanol group), etc.] were blocked (substituted) by the methyl group.

  In polysilane, the concentration of terminal groups not blocked by methyl groups (chlorine atoms, silanol groups, etc.) was 0.64 mol per mol of polysilane silicon.

  When the stability of the obtained polysilane was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1, Mw after 2 hours was 5000, Mw after 6 hours was 5100, and Mw after 24 hours was 5500. From this, it was found that the obtained polysilane was a stable polysilane with suppressed molecular weight change.

(Comparative Example 2)
In Example 2, 36.9 was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that methyl iodide was not used, water was added to the reaction mixture, and the remaining magnesium was filtered and subjected to washing with pure water. A light yellow viscous solid was obtained in parts by weight (yield 85.0%). By adding water, water and magnesium reacted to produce hydrogen and magnesium hydroxide, and it took considerable time for filtration.

  As a result of measuring the molecular weight of the obtained compound by GPC, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) was 6000, and the molecular weight distribution Mw / Mn was 3.1. Ethyltrichlorosilane-methyltrichlorosilane copolymer (former / latter ( It was found that the molar ratio) = 90/10) was obtained. In addition, although Mw is larger than Example 2, it is thought that condensation of polysilane has already arisen by the silanol group produced | generated by addition of water.

  Further, the stability of the obtained polysilane was confirmed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, Mw after 2 hours was 13600, Mw after 6 hours was 14400, and Mw after 24 hours was 16400. From this, it was found that the obtained polysilane showed a large change in molecular weight and was unstable in quality.

  The network-like polysilane of the present invention is stabilized and does not cause an increase in molecular weight due to self-condensation or the like. Such a network-like polysilane of the present invention is used in various applications such as ceramic precursors, optical members (optical filters, mirrors, lenses, light-shielding films, diffraction elements, polarizing beam splitters, microlenses, etc.), optoelectronic materials ( Transparent sealing materials for sealing liquid crystal displays, high-density optical discs, etc .; Photographic materials such as photoresists and organic photoreceptors; Optical recording materials such as optical memories; Electroluminescent element materials), various electronic devices or machines It can be used for parts (for example, aircraft connectors, automobile engine parts, electronic parts, printed wiring boards, protective films for electronic devices, electronic material sealing materials (semiconductor sealing materials, etc.), pure manufacturing equipment parts, etc.).

  In particular, the network-like polysilane of the present invention has a larger proportion of silicon atoms in the polysilane than a linear polysilane and is stabilized, so it is used as an additive (such as an additive for resins). Then, the silicon content can be increased efficiently. In addition, a polysilane having a partially remaining polymerization terminal (halogen atom or silanol group) can ensure stabilization and reactivity derived from the polymerization terminal (for example, reactivity to an epoxy resin) and is extremely useful. is there.

Claims (10)

  A terminal-blocked polysilane in which a halosilane containing at least a trihalosilane is polymerized and has a polymerization terminal blocked with a non-hydrolytic condensable group.   The polysilane according to claim 1, wherein the polymerization terminal is blocked with a hydrocarbon group.   The polysilane according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a polymerization terminal is blocked with an alkyl group.   The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a polymerization terminal blockage is 10% or more.   The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the concentration of the polymerization end group is 0.001 to 2 mol per mol of silicon atom of the polysilane, and the blocking rate of the polymerization end is 20% or more.   The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a polymerization terminal blockage is 20 to 95%.   The blocking rate of polymerization terminals is 25 to 90%, and the concentration of unblocked polymerization terminal groups is 0.01 to 1 mol per mol of silicon atoms of polysilane. Of polysilane.   The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising at least one selected from an alkyltrihalosilane unit and an aryltrihalosilane unit as a trihalosilane unit.   The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is a polyalkyltrihalosilane, an aryltrihalosilane-alkyltrihalosilane copolymer, or an aryltrihalosilane-alkylaryldihalosilane copolymer. Polysilane, methyltrihalosilane -C _2-10 alkyltrihalosilane copolymer, or alkylaryl dihalo silane - aryl trihalosilane copolymer, the polymerization end groups blocked by a C _1-4 alkyl group, the polymerization terminated The polysilane according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the blocking rate of the polymer is 30 to 85%, and the concentration of unblocked polymerization end groups is 0.15 to 0.8 mol per mol of silicon atoms of the polysilane. .