JP2011206755A - Hydrothermal treatment apparatus for object to be treated - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hydrothermal treatment apparatus by which the time required from introduction of steam into a reactor for initiation of hydrothermal treatment can be shortened and the amount of steam to be introduced can be reduced.SOLUTION: The hydrothermal treatment apparatus for obtaining hydrothermally treated object by hydrothermal treatment of the object includes a pressure-resistant reactor for hydrothermal treatment of an object to be treated, a first pressure-resistant container for containing the object to be applied to the reactor, which is connected to the reactor, a second pressure-resistant container for containing the hydrothermally treated object to be discharged from the reactor, which is connected to the reactor, and a singularity or a plurality of pipes for connecting the reactor and the second pressure-resistant container so as to introduce steam from the reactor to the second pressure-resistant container.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrothermal treatment apparatus for an object to be processed such as garbage.

  In recent years, awareness of environmental conservation and resource recycling has increased, and various methods have been proposed to replace existing processing methods such as incineration of processed objects such as garbage (for example, Patent Document 1). In this patent document 1, feeds and compost are manufactured by hydrolyzing an object to be treated such as raw garbage (food residue), wood waste, and paper waste with high-temperature and high-pressure steam.

  Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses an apparatus for treating highly water-containing waste. In the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2, a pair of hydrothermal treatment reactors are arranged, and between each reactor, there is a pipe for moving water vapor from one reactor to the other reactor. Is provided.

JP 2003-47409 A JP 2009-120746 A

  In the hydrothermal treatment of an object to be treated such as raw garbage, water vapor is introduced into the reactor after the object to be treated is introduced into the hydrothermal treatment reactor. And the temperature and pressure in a reactor are raised to predetermined value with the introduce | transduced steam, and the hydrothermal treatment of a to-be-processed object is performed. After the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece is completed, water vapor is degassed from the reactor.

  Patent Document 2 discloses that a part of water vapor in one reactor moves into the other reactor. In the apparatus described in Patent Document 2, before the hydrothermally treated product is taken out from each reactor, the water vapor in the reactor is discharged to the outside until the pressure in each reactor becomes equivalent to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, after the hydrothermal treatment is completed, when a new object to be treated is introduced into the reactor and the next hydrothermal treatment is performed, water vapor is introduced into the reactor to reduce the pressure in the reactor from about atmospheric pressure. It needs to be increased to the required value. As a result, it took a long time from the introduction of water vapor into the reactor to the start of hydrothermal treatment.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal treatment apparatus and a hydrothermal treatment method capable of shortening the time from introduction of water vapor into the reactor to the start of hydrothermal treatment. A further object of the present invention is to provide a hydrothermal treatment apparatus and a hydrothermal treatment method capable of reducing the amount of water vapor introduced.

That is, the present invention
[1] A pressure-resistant reactor for hydrothermally treating a workpiece,
A first pressure vessel connected to the reactor and for containing a workpiece to be charged into the reactor;
A second pressure-resistant vessel connected to the reactor and containing a hydrothermally treated product discharged from the reactor; and a connection between the reactor and the second pressure-resistant vessel; One or more pipes for introducing waste steam into the second pressure vessel;
A hydrothermal treatment device for hydrothermally treating a workpiece to obtain a hydrothermal treatment;
[2] A step of supplying an object to be processed to the first pressure vessel (step 1),
A step (step 2) of charging an object to be treated into the reactor;
A step (step 3) of introducing water vapor into the reactor and hydrotreating the object to be treated;
A step of introducing waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the object to be processed into the first pressure vessel (step 4);
A step of introducing the waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece into the second pressure vessel (step 5);
Discharging the hydrothermally treated product from the reactor (step 6);
A step of introducing the next object to be treated into the reactor (step 7), and a step of introducing water vapor into the reactor to perform a hydrothermal treatment of the next object to be treated (step 8);
In this order, the hydrothermal treatment method of the workpiece; and [3] the hydrothermal treatment product of the workpiece obtained by the hydrothermal treatment method of the workpiece according to [2] above is further biologically treated. The present invention relates to a biological treatment method for an object to be treated, including a step of obtaining a biological treatment product.

  According to the above-described configuration of the present invention, not only the hydrothermal treatment reaction of the workpiece but also the introduction of the workpiece into the hydrothermal reaction reactor and the recovery of the hydrothermal treatment from the reactor are performed in the pressure vessel. Thus, the material to be treated can be charged into the reactor and the hydrothermally treated material can be discharged from the reactor while the inside of the reactor is maintained at a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure. As a result, when hydrothermal treatment is continuously performed, the amount of additional water vapor introduced into the reactor can be reduced when a new hydrothermal treatment is performed after hydrothermal treatment, and from the introduction of additional water vapor. The time required to start the hydrothermal treatment can be shortened. Therefore, according to the apparatus or method of the present invention, the hydrothermal treatment of the object to be processed can be performed at a lower cost and in a shorter time.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing step 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing step 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing step 3 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing step 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing step 5 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing step 6 of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing step 7 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing step 8 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a biological treatment plant.

<Hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention>
Organic waste is a preferred example of the treatment object (object to be treated) of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus and hydrothermal treatment method of the present invention, and specific examples thereof include raw garbage (food residue), food processing residue, and livestock disposal. And fishery waste.

  Next, the hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention will be described in more detail based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an example of a hydrothermal treatment apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the drawing, a hydrothermal treatment apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment includes a pressure-resistant reactor 11 and a first pressure-resistance for accommodating an object to be processed that is connected to the reactor 11 and charged into the reactor 11. It is provided with the container 1 and the 2nd pressure | voltage resistant container 21 for accommodating the hydrothermally processed material discharged | emitted from the reactor 11 connected with the reactor 11. The containers are connected to each other through valves (1a and 11a), and the objects to be treated, the hydrothermally treated material, and the water vapor are moved through the valves. Examples of the pressure vessel used in the present invention include a steel vessel or a stainless vessel having pressure resistance and temperature resistance. The shape of the pressure vessel is not particularly limited, but a spherical shape is preferable because of its excellent pressure resistance.

  Between the reactor 11 and the second pressure vessel 21, one or more pipes for introducing waste steam from the reactor 11 to the second pressure vessel 21 are further provided. By providing such a pipe, efficient use of water vapor can be achieved. When providing several piping, it is more preferable to provide a difference in the internal diameter of each piping. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a small-diameter pipe 12 provided with a valve 12a and / or a large-diameter pipe 13 provided with a valve 13a may be provided. As an internal diameter of the small diameter piping 12, 1-5 cm is preferable, for example. Moreover, as an internal diameter of the large diameter piping 13, 1-3 times the internal diameter of the small diameter piping 2 is preferable, for example.

  From the viewpoint of charging and discharging the object to be processed and hydrothermally processed material into each container by a simple operation, it is preferable to provide the first pressure resistant container 1 at the upper part of the reactor 11, and the second pressure resistant container 21 is the reactor. 11 is preferably provided at the lower part of 11.

  The volumes of the first pressure vessel 1 and the second pressure vessel 21 are preferably smaller than the volume of the reactor 11. By setting it as such a structure, the quantity of the water vapor | steam introduce | transduced into each pressure vessel from the reactor 11 can be decreased, and the more water vapor | steam (waste steam) which remains in the reactor 11 is ensured more. Because you can. The volume of each pressure vessel is, for example, preferably 20 to 100% of the reactor 11, and more preferably 30 to 60%.

  In order to discharge the hydrothermally treated product from the reactor 11 to the second pressure vessel 21, the reactor 11 is provided with an opening (not shown). The valve 11 a is positioned between the opening and the second pressure vessel 21. Such an opening is preferably provided below the liquid surface (surface) of the hydrothermally treated product in the reactor 11, and more preferably provided at the bottom of the reactor 11. By providing the opening in this manner, the hydrothermally treated product can be easily discharged from the reactor 11.

  The reactor 11 may further be provided with a heating means (not shown) for heating the inside of the reactor 11. By such heating means, for example, the temperature in the reactor 11 during hydrothermal treatment can be adjusted, or the hydrothermally treated product can be dried in the reactor 11. In this case, the hydrothermally treated product may be dried and then discharged into the second pressure vessel 21.

  Furthermore, in the hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable to include a hydrothermally treated product recovery tank 31 connected to the second pressure vessel 21. The connection between the second pressure resistant vessel 21 and the hydrothermally treated material recovery tank 31 is preferably performed via a valve 21a. By providing such a hydrothermally treated product recovery tank 31, the hydrothermally treated product can be efficiently collected. From the viewpoint of discharging the hydrothermally treated product to the hydrothermally treated product recovery tank 31 by a simple operation, the hydrothermally treated product recovery tank 31 is preferably provided at the lower portion of the reactor 11.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to include a water vapor recovery tank 41 connected to the first pressure vessel 1 and the second pressure vessel 21. The first pressure vessel 1 and the water vapor recovery tank 41 are preferably connected via a pipe 42 provided with a valve 42a, and the second pressure vessel 21 and the water vapor recovery tank 41 are connected to the valve 22a. It is preferable to carry out through the provided piping 22. Providing such a steam recovery tank 41 is preferable because it enables efficient use of steam. Specifically, the valve 42a can be opened to recover the water vapor in the first pressure vessel 1 into the water vapor recovery tank 41, and the valve 22a can be opened to convert the water vapor in the second pressure vessel 21 to the water vapor. It can be recovered in the recovery tank 41. The hydrothermally treated product recovery tank 31 and the water vapor recovery tank 41 do not need to be pressure resistant containers.

  Between the first pressure vessel 1 and the reactor 11, one or more pipes for introducing waste steam generated in the reactor 11 into the first pressure vessel 1 may be further provided. By providing such a pipe, efficient use of water vapor can be achieved. When providing several piping, it is more preferable to provide a difference in the internal diameter of each piping. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a small-diameter pipe 2 provided with a valve 2a and / or a large-diameter pipe 3 provided with a valve 3a may be provided. As an internal diameter of the small diameter piping 2, 1-5 cm is preferable, for example. Moreover, as an internal diameter of the large diameter piping 3, 1-3 times the internal diameter of the small diameter piping 2 is preferable, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the reactor 11 includes one or more stirring blades 113 that are rotatable. The workpiece in the reactor 11 can be stirred and ground by the stirring blade 113. Since high-temperature and high-pressure steam is introduced into the reactor 11 and is filled with steam and hot water derived from the steam, the stirring blade 113 rotates to stir the object to be processed. Can be uniformly contacted with water vapor and hot water, and more uniform heat can be transmitted to the object to be processed. Further, the stirring blade 113 can grind the workpiece and destroy the solid content of the workpiece to promote hydrothermal treatment.

  The reactor 11 is equipped with a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the internal temperature and a pressure sensor (not shown) for detecting the internal pressure. These sensors output detection signals to a control device (not shown).

  A control device (not shown) performs overall control of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, and includes a CPU that executes logical operations, a ROM that stores programs and data, and temporary reading and writing of data. It is composed of a computer having a RAM or the like that can be made. Detection signals from various sensors are input to the control device, and drive control of devices such as various valves and boilers is executed in accordance with such detection signals and operating condition setting parameters from an operation panel (not shown).

  An accumulator may be connected to a pipe (not shown) for supplying water vapor to the reactor, and after the water vapor is accumulated in the accumulator, the water vapor may be rapidly supplied from the accumulator into the reactor. In this case, the atmosphere in the reactor can be raised to a high temperature and high pressure in a short time, and the start of hydrothermal treatment can be accelerated.

<The hydrothermal treatment method of the to-be-processed object of this invention>
Below, the hydrothermal treatment flow of the to-be-processed object regarding the hydrothermal treatment apparatus of this invention and the hydrothermal treatment method of this invention is demonstrated.

(Step 1) Step of supplying an object to be processed to the first pressure vessel As shown in FIG. 3, an object 51a is supplied to the first pressure vessel 1.

(Step 2) Step of loading an object to be processed into the reactor As shown in FIG. 4, an object to be processed 51a is charged from the first pressure vessel 1 into the reactor 11. Since the first pressure vessel 1 is provided at the upper part of the reactor 11, by opening the valve 1a, the workpiece 51a is dropped using gravity.

(Step 3) Step of introducing water vapor into the reactor and hydrothermally treating the object to be treated As shown in FIG. 5, water vapor is introduced into the reactor 11 via a pipe for introducing water vapor (not shown). 61 is introduced. A predetermined temperature and pressure are applied to the workpiece 51a by the introduced water vapor 61 to perform hydrothermal treatment. At this time, the valves 1a, 11a, 12a and 13a are closed. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the next workpiece 51b may be supplied to the first pressure vessel 1 in this step.

  As temperature in the reactor at the time of the hydrothermal treatment in this process, 100-300 degreeC is preferable, 100-250 degreeC is more preferable, 150-200 degreeC is further more preferable. From the viewpoint of dielectric constant, the temperature in the reactor is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, and from the viewpoint of ion product, the temperature in the reactor is preferably 300 ° C. or lower. The pressure in the reactor during hydrothermal treatment in this step is preferably 0.1 to 4.0 MPa.

  Further, the hydrothermal treatment time is preferably 0.5 to 60 minutes, more preferably 1.5 to 30 minutes, and further preferably 3 to 15 minutes. From the viewpoint of liquefaction, the hydrothermal treatment time is preferably 0.5 minutes or more, and from the biodegradability viewpoint, the hydrothermal treatment time is preferably 30 minutes or less.

  It is preferable that the temperature of the introduced steam is several degrees higher than the temperature in the reactor during the hydrothermal treatment. Moreover, in order to shorten the time of the whole hydrothermal treatment operation, it is preferable that the introduction speed of the water vapor into the reactor 11 is fast, for example, 0.2 to 2 MPa / min. When the temperature in the reactor 11 reaches a predetermined temperature / pressure, the introduction of water vapor is stopped. Next, it is preferable to stir the workpiece by rotating a stirring blade (not shown) as necessary.

(Step 4) Step of introducing the waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece into the first pressure-resistant vessel As shown in FIG. 6, the residue remains in the reactor 11 after the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece. Steam (waste steam 62) is introduced into the first pressure vessel 1. By this operation, the pressure in the first pressure vessel 1 and the pressure in the reactor 11 become substantially equal. The waste steam 62 includes not only water vapor generated by vaporization of water but also water droplets obtained by liquefaction of the water vapor and floating in the water vapor.

  When introducing the waste steam 62 into the first pressure vessel 1, after closing the valves 1a, 2a, 3a and 42a, first the valve 2a is opened and the waste steam 62 is introduced via the small diameter pipe 2, Thereafter, it is preferable to open the valve 3 a and introduce the waste steam 62 via the large-diameter pipe 3. By performing such an operation, the load on each member resulting from the difference between the pressure in the first pressure vessel 1 and the pressure in the reactor 11 can be reduced, or the hydrothermally treated product 52 in the reactor 11 can be reduced. Can be suppressed.

(Step 5) Step of introducing the waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece into the second pressure resistant vessel As shown in FIG. 7, the waste steam 62 is introduced into the second pressure resistant vessel 21. In this operation, it is preferable to introduce the waste steam 62 so that the pressure in the reactor 11 is higher than the pressure in the second pressure vessel 21 by, for example, 0.01 to 1 MPa. Accordingly, the pressure in each container after the introduction of the waste steam 62 is in the order of the pressure in the first pressure-resistant container 1> the pressure in the reactor 11> the pressure in the second pressure-resistant container 21.

  When the waste steam 62 is introduced into the second pressure vessel 21, the valves 1 a, 2 a, 3 a, 11 a, 12 a, 13 a and 22 a are closed, and then the valve 12 a is first opened and discarded via the small-diameter pipe 12. It is preferable to introduce the steam 62 and then open the valve 13 a and introduce the waste steam 62 via the large-diameter pipe 13. By performing such an operation, the load on each member resulting from the difference between the pressure in the second pressure vessel 21 and the pressure in the reactor 11 can be reduced, or the hydrothermally treated product 52 in the reactor 11 can be reduced. Can be suppressed.

(Step 6) Step of Discharging Hydrothermal Treatment Product from Reactor As shown in FIG. 8, the valve 11a is opened and the hydrothermal treatment product 52 in the reactor 11 is discharged into the second pressure vessel 21.

  The second pressure vessel 21 is preferably provided in the lower part of the reactor 11, but in step 5, the pressure in the reactor 11> the pressure in the second pressure vessel 21, so this pressure difference is utilized. As a result, the hydrothermally treated product 52 is discharged. Further, by this operation, the pressure in the second pressure vessel 21 and the pressure in the reactor 11 become substantially equal.

(Step 7) Step of loading the next object to be processed into the reactor As shown in FIG. 9, the next object to be processed 51b is charged from the first pressure vessel 1 into the reactor 11.

  By opening the valve 1a, the next workpiece 51b is dropped using gravity and a pressure difference. Further, by this operation, the pressure in the first pressure vessel 1 and the pressure in the reactor 11 become substantially equal.

  In this step, the waste steam 62 and the hydrothermally treated product 52 may be discharged from the second pressure vessel 21. When performing these operations, first, the valve 22a is opened, the waste steam 62 is discharged into the water vapor recovery tank 41 via the pipe 22, and then the valve 21a is opened to open the hydrothermal treatment material recovery tank 31. The hydrothermally treated product 52 is discharged.

(Step 8) Step of introducing water vapor into the reactor and hydrothermally treating the next object to be processed As shown in FIG. 10, the inside of the reactor 11 passes through a pipe for introducing water vapor (not shown). Introduce additional water vapor 64. With the introduced additional water vapor 64 and the remaining waste steam 62, a predetermined temperature and pressure are applied to the next object to be processed 51b to perform hydrothermal treatment. At this time, the valve 1a is closed. Since the waste steam 62 is reused for the hydrothermal treatment in this step, the amount of water vapor used for the hydrothermal treatment can be reduced and the time until the start of the hydrothermal treatment can be shortened.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 10, the next workpiece 51 c may be supplied to the first pressure vessel 1 in this step. In this case, first, the valve 42 a is opened, and the waste steam 62 remaining in the first pressure vessel 1 is discharged into the steam recovery tank 41 via the pipe 42. At this time, the inside of the first pressure vessel 1 is almost normal pressure. Next, the next workpiece 51 c is supplied to the first pressure vessel 1.

  Thereafter, by repeating (Step 4) to (Step 8) in this order, the hydrothermal treatment of the object to be processed can be performed continuously.

<Biological treatment method of the present invention>
The hydrothermal treatment product obtained by the hydrothermal treatment method of the present invention may be further biologically treated to obtain a biological treatment liquid. Since such a biological treatment liquid has a greatly reduced amount of organic matter or the like, it can be discharged to sewage after confirming that it meets the discharge standard for sewage. A biological treatment method for an object to be treated including a step of obtaining a biological treatment liquid by further biologically treating the hydrothermally treated product (referred to as step (c)) is also included in the present invention. Hereinafter, step (c) in the present invention will be described.

  Before supplying the hydrothermal treatment liquid of the workpiece to the step (c), the hydrothermal treatment product may be subjected to ozone treatment. By this ozone treatment, the oil in the liquid is decomposed. As a result, the load on the sludge in liquid biological treatment can be reduced, and biological treatment can be performed more stably. Furthermore, the liquid can be decolorized by ozone treatment. As a method for the ozone treatment, a known treatment method may be mentioned.

  The hydrothermally treated product of the object to be treated or, if necessary, a liquid further ozone-treated is provided for the step (c). In this case, for example, a flow rate adjusting tank (buffer tank) may be provided, and in this tank, the waste steam after hydrothermal treatment and the liquid may be mixed and then subjected to step (c).

  The biological treatment in this step may be an aerobic treatment or an anaerobic treatment, but an aerobic biological treatment with aerobic bacteria is preferred. In the case of aerobic treatment, for example, there is a method of biologically treating a treatment object while aeration with air or the like in the presence of activated sludge containing aerobic bacteria. Hereinafter, an aspect of the aerobic process will be described.

  The component in the introduced liquid is processed by the step (c). During biological treatment, some of the components in the liquid are consumed by the flora and the like in the sludge and released out of the system as a gas such as carbon dioxide, and the remainder is taken into the sludge. In this embodiment, when the components in the liquid are, for example, 3 to 6 kg / day at a TOC load (kg / day), carbon in an amount of 2 to 4 kg per day may be released out of the system as carbon dioxide. And the generation rate of excess sludge can be suppressed to 40% or less.

  Furthermore, by removing a part of the sludge increased by biological treatment and subjecting it to hydrothermal treatment, the generation rate of excess sludge can be further reduced.

  The sludge used for biological treatment may be used for biological treatment after being conditioned outside the system, or may be used for biological treatment without being habituated in advance, and acclimation and biological treatment may be performed simultaneously.

  When aeration is performed, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the liquid in the treatment tank is preferably 0.5 mg / L or more, and more preferably 1 mg / L or more. In addition, from the viewpoint of the amount of dissolved oxygen necessary for performing a steady biodegradation treatment, the upper limit is preferably 8 mg / L or less, more preferably 7 mg / L or less, and 6 mg / L or less. More preferably. The amount of dissolved oxygen can be measured using a DO meter OM12 (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) or the like, and can be easily controlled by adjusting the rotational speed of a fan that sends air into the treatment tank. If the amount of dissolved oxygen is insufficient, an oxygen dissolving device may be used.

  The aerobic bacterium in the activated sludge used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is an aerobic bacterium usually found in a known activated sludge method.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the odor at the time of decomposition | disassembly of the hydrothermally processed material in a processing tank can be prevented. As a reason why odor can be prevented, odorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are usually generated during biodegradation treatment by anaerobic bacteria, but in this embodiment, the inside of the treatment tank is largely aerobic to prevent odor. It is thought that it has contributed.

  This embodiment may employ a method for controlling the amount of dissolved oxygen in the treatment tank containing the hydrothermally treated product.

  In this embodiment, the biological treatment tank that performs biological treatment is a tank that contains a hydrothermally treated product obtained by hydrothermally treating an object to be treated, and is a tank that aerothermally biologically treats the hydrothermally treated product. Specifically, an aeration tank or the like is used as a treatment tank, but one or more biological treatment tanks may be used, or a raw water tank in which waste liquid is stored may be combined.

  For example, the liquid component may be separated from the biological treatment product obtained after the biological treatment by membrane treatment to obtain a membrane treatment liquid. In this application, the process of obtaining this film processing liquid is called (d) process.

  The number average molecular weight of the membrane treatment liquid is, for example, in the range of 250 to 2000. Moreover, as a weight average molecular weight of a film | membrane process liquid, it is 250-3000, for example. The average molecular weight of the membrane treatment solution can be calculated from the measurement result of the molecular weight distribution by the GPC method.

  The progress of the biological treatment can be evaluated by measuring the molecular weight distribution of the biological treatment liquid or the membrane treatment liquid and comparing it with that of the hydrothermally treated product.

  Hereinafter, step (c) and step (d) according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The hydrothermally treated product is processed in the processing plant shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the reference numerals of the respective members are based on FIG. Specifically, the hydrothermal treatment product obtained in the hydrothermal treatment step A is temporarily stored in the flow rate adjustment tank 301 and then supplied to the biological treatment tank 302. Here, the biological treatment tank 302 is an aeration tank provided with an aeration tube 303 for aeration. In the processing plant shown in FIG. 11, the biological treatment tank 302 is one tank, but a plurality of biological treatment tanks 302 may be provided. In the biological treatment tank 302, a pH meter 304, a DO meter 305, and / or an ORP meter 306 may be provided to monitor each measurement value. In the biological treatment tank 302, the pH can be adjusted to a predetermined value by appropriately adding 25 wt% sodium hydroxide or 18 wt% sulfuric acid.

  In the biological treatment tank 302, biological treatment is performed while stirring under aeration. For example, activated sludge containing aerobic bacteria is introduced into the biological treatment tank 302. In addition, a water level sensor can be provided in the biological treatment tank 302, and the residence time of the liquid in the biological treatment tank 302 can be set to a predetermined time.

(D) When the process is further performed, the biological treatment liquid treated in the biological treatment tank 302 is supplied to the membrane treatment tank 311. As the membrane used in the membrane treatment, a known membrane used in the field of the present invention can be adopted without particular limitation, and may be a hollow fiber membrane or a flat membrane. In this embodiment, the membrane treatment tank 311 is provided with a hollow fiber membrane unit 312 composed of 10 hollow fiber membranes (for example, 1 m ² , trade name: SUR134, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) for filtering a biological treatment liquid. A diffuser tube 303 for aeration may be provided as necessary. By aeration from the diffuser tube 303, the amount of dissolved oxygen in the membrane treatment tank 311 can be maintained at a predetermined level (for example, 2 mg / L or more). Further, a sludge return line 307 may be provided to return the sludge accumulated in the membrane treatment tank 311 to the biological treatment tank 302.

  The hollow fiber membrane unit 312 is preferably arranged in the membrane treatment tank 311 so as to be sufficiently subjected to air aeration from the air diffuser tube 303 immediately above the air diffuser tube 303. The air diffusion pipe 303 is disposed at the lower part of the membrane treatment tank 311, and the whole membrane treatment tank 311 can be agitated by aeration. In the membrane treatment tank 311, the air supplied from the diffuser tube 303 passes through the hollow fiber membrane unit 312 and descends on the wall surface of the membrane treatment tank 311 in the membrane treatment tank 311.

  The MLSS in the biological treatment liquid in the membrane treatment tank 311, that is, the mixed liquid of sludge and the object to be treated, is preferably 10,000 mg / L or more as an average value measured several times in the membrane treatment tank 311, and 20000 mg / L or more. More preferred. Moreover, 10,000 mg / L or more is preferable and, as for the average value of MLVSS, 20000 mg / L or more is more preferable.

  The liquid component (membrane treatment liquid) separated by the membrane treatment in the membrane treatment tank 311 may be temporarily stored in the treatment water tank 313, for example. After confirming that the membrane treatment liquid meets the discharge standard for sewage and the like, the membrane treatment liquid can be discharged to the sewage C and the like. Or you may supply to the water reproduction | regeneration process B utilized as the washing | cleaning liquid of the apparatus of a system, or the water for water vapor | steam production.

  In this embodiment, the membrane treatment liquid obtained in step (d) is one or more selected from the group consisting of reverse osmosis (RO) treatment, hydroxyapatite (HAP) treatment, coagulation sedimentation treatment, and ozone treatment. Further processing may be performed by processing. By the RO treatment, impurities in the membrane treatment liquid can be highly removed. By performing the HAP treatment, phosphorus contained in the membrane treatment solution can be recovered. Further, for example, hypochlorous acid may be added to the membrane treatment solution before the RO treatment to remove organic substances remaining in the membrane treatment solution.

  The HAP-treated liquid component has a water quality suitable for being discharged into sewage, and can be discharged into sewage as it is. For example, a part of the non-concentrated liquid obtained by the RO treatment may be reused as a cleaning liquid for a device of a system using this method, and then introduced into the flow rate adjustment tank 301. The remainder of the non-concentrated liquid may be heated with a boiler to produce water vapor and used for hydrothermal treatment. Further, heat may be taken out from the water vapor before, during or after hydrothermal treatment using a heat exchanger and reused. The water vapor discharged after the hydrothermal treatment may be introduced into the flow rate adjustment tank 301 after being degassed after being mixed and cooled with, for example, tap water.

<Biological treatment apparatus for an object to be treated of the present invention>
The above-described hydrothermal treatment apparatus of the present invention, and a biological treatment apparatus for an object to be treated comprising biological treatment means for biologically treating a hydrothermal treatment product discharged from a reactor of the hydrothermal treatment apparatus to obtain a biological treatment liquid Are also encompassed by the present invention. Examples of the biological treatment means include means for carrying out the above step (c), and further include means for carrying out the above step (d).

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a hydrothermal treatment apparatus, a biological treatment apparatus, a hydrothermal treatment method, and a biological treatment method that can efficiently treat an object to be treated.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st pressure vessel reactor 1a Valve 2 Small diameter piping 2a Valve 3 Large diameter piping 3a Valve 11 Reactor 11a Valve 12 Small diameter piping 12a Valve 13 Large diameter piping 13a Valve 21 Second pressure vessel 21a Valve 22 Piping 22a Valve 31 Hydrothermal treatment recovery tank 41 Steam recovery tank 42 Pipe 42a Valve 51a Processed object 51b Next process target 51c Next process target 52 Hydrothermal process product 61 Water vapor 62 Waste steam 64 Additional steam 100 Hydrothermal treatment apparatus 113 Stirring blade 301 Flow adjustment tank 302 Biological treatment tank 303 Aeration pipe 304 pH meter 305 DO meter 306 ORP meter 307 Sludge return line 311 Membrane treatment tank 312 Hollow fiber membrane unit 313 Treatment water tank A Hydrothermal treatment process B Water regeneration process C Sewage P Pump

Claims (13)

Pressure-resistant reactor for hydrothermally treating the workpiece,
A first pressure vessel connected to the reactor and for containing a workpiece to be charged into the reactor;
A second pressure-resistant vessel connected to the reactor and containing a hydrothermally treated product discharged from the reactor; and a connection between the reactor and the second pressure-resistant vessel; One or more pipes for introducing waste steam into the second pressure vessel;
A hydrothermal treatment apparatus for obtaining a hydrothermal treatment product by hydrothermal treatment of an object to be treated.   The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrothermal treatment material recovery tank connected to the second pressure vessel.   The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first pressure vessel and the second pressure vessel are connected via a water vapor recovery tank.   The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising one or a plurality of pipes for connecting the reactor and the first pressure vessel and introducing waste steam from the reactor to the first pressure vessel. The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to item 1.   The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a single or a plurality of rotatable stirring blades in the reactor.   The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the object to be treated is an organic waste.   The hydrothermal treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and a biological treatment means for biologically treating the hydrothermal treatment product discharged from the reactor to obtain a biological treatment product. Biological treatment equipment for things. Supplying a workpiece to the first pressure vessel (step 1);
A step (step 2) of charging an object to be treated into the reactor;
A step (step 3) of introducing water vapor into the reactor and hydrotreating the object to be treated;
A step of introducing waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the object to be processed into the first pressure vessel (step 4);
A step of introducing the waste steam remaining after the hydrothermal treatment of the workpiece into the second pressure vessel (step 5);
Discharging the hydrothermally treated product from the reactor (step 6);
A step of introducing the next object to be treated into the reactor (step 7), and a step of introducing water vapor into the reactor to perform a hydrothermal treatment of the next object to be treated (step 8);
A method for hydrothermal treatment of an object to be processed, comprising the steps in this order.   The temperature in the reactor during hydrothermal treatment in step 3 is 100 to 300 ° C., the pressure in the reactor is 0.1 to 4.0 MPa, and the hydrothermal treatment time is 0.5 to 60 minutes. The hydrothermal treatment method according to claim 8.   The hydrothermal treatment method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising an operation of discharging waste steam and hydrothermally treated product from the second pressure-resistant vessel in step 7.   The hydrothermal treatment method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein in step 8, an operation of supplying the next object to be processed to the first pressure vessel is further performed.   The hydrothermal treatment method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the process returns to the process 4 after the process 8 and the processes 4 to 8 are repeated.   An article to be treated comprising the step of further biologically treating the hydrothermally treated article obtained by the hydrothermal treatment method for an article to be treated according to any one of claims 8 to 12 to obtain a biologically treated article. Biological treatment method.

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