JP2011190843A - Ceramic tube member - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ceramic tube member which makes it hard to precipitate alkali metal, water stain, etc., contained in water in a conduit of the ceramic tube member, and prevents a water passage hole from being clogged even when used for a long period of time. <P>SOLUTION: The ceramic tube member 12 has an inner periphery 22 formed of a water-permeable porous ceramic material to form the conduit 20 through which water flows, and an outer periphery 24 formed from the inner periphery outward at a predetermined thickness. Pores 26, 28 through which water can penetrate from the inner periphery through the outer periphery are formed. Porosity R1 on the outer periphery is set to be not less than porosity R2 on the inner periphery. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ceramic tube member, and more particularly to a ceramic tube member that is incorporated in an exterior member of a building and cools outside air.

  Conventionally, many high-rise buildings such as buildings made of concrete have been built in urban areas. In addition to being easily heated by sunlight, these high-rise buildings consume a large amount of energy and generate a large amount of exhaust heat by using cooling in the high-rise buildings in summer. Since the so-called heat island phenomenon that the surface temperature of the urban area becomes higher than the surrounding area occurs, various measures are taken to suppress such a heat island phenomenon.

  As one of the measures for suppressing the heat island phenomenon, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, there is a louver device in which a plurality of blade members made of porous ceramics are arranged in a vertical direction at predetermined intervals. Are known. The upper surface of each blade member of the louver device is provided with a storage portion formed in a concave shape so that water can be temporarily stored, so that the water in the storage portion penetrates into the blade member and is retained. Thus, when the blade member is heated by sunlight, the surroundings are cooled by using the heat of vaporization (latent heat of vaporization) of the water retained inside the blade member.

  Further, for example, Patent Document 2 describes a cooling wall body in which cooling body blocks in which ventilation holes penetrating from the front surface to the rear surface are formed by partition walls are stacked. On the upper and lower surfaces of each cooling body block of this cooling wall body, water passages extending in the left-right direction are formed, and in these water passages, through holes penetrating in the vertical direction are located at different positions for each cooling body block. Is formed. By stacking the through holes of each cooling body block so that they are staggered in the upper and lower cooling body blocks, the cooling body block is moistened by the water in the through holes passing through the water passages and the vertical direction of each cooling body block. It is supposed to be. And when the block for cooling bodies is heated with sunlight, the circumference | surroundings are cooled using the heat of vaporization which the water moistened to the block for cooling bodies vaporized.

JP 2006-28927 A JP 2000-144963 A

  However, in the louver device described in Patent Document 1 described above, in order to store water in a storage portion formed in a concave shape on the upper surface of each blade member, water must be sprayed into the storage portion by a hose or a watering can. There is a problem that it takes time and effort. In addition, during seasons when watering is not required other than in summer, dust and dead leaves are likely to accumulate in the reservoir formed in a concave shape on the upper surface of the blade member, and deposits are removed before the summer when cooling is required again. There is a problem that it takes time and effort for maintenance. Furthermore, there is a problem that stable cooling performance cannot be obtained, for example, the water stored in the storage part is scattered by strong wind. Therefore, due to the problems of these louver devices, it is difficult to apply the louver device to high-rise buildings such as buildings, and there is also a problem that it is difficult to reliably suppress the heat island phenomenon in urban areas.

  Moreover, in the cooling wall body described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, the structure is such that water falls along the partition wall in each cooling body block, and is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of each block. Since the through hole communicating with the water passage is not a closed water passage such as a pipe, but a part of the through hole is exposed to the outside air, there is a possibility that water that wets the block leaks to the outside due to strong wind and scatters and falls. Therefore, it is difficult to apply such a cooling wall body to a high-rise building such as a building, and there is a problem that it is difficult to reliably suppress the heat island phenomenon in urban areas.

  Therefore, the present inventors have developed a ceramic pipe member that forms a porous ceramic pipe line having excellent water permeability and water retention, utilizing the unique technology and know-how in the technical field of ceramic materials. Is incorporated into the exterior material that cools the outside air around the building, and water is allowed to flow through the ceramic pipe line, so that a part of the water in the pipe line is discharged from the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic pipe member and vaporized to cool the outside air. Thus, an attempt was made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art.

  However, in the above-described conventional ceramic tube member, innumerable pores (hereinafter referred to as “water-permeable holes”) capable of water permeation are formed in the region from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the ceramic tube member. The longer the service life of the member, the more gradually alkali metals and scales contained in the water flowing in the ceramic pipes are deposited in the pores. There is a newly requested issue to solve such problems.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the newly requested problem related to the conventional ceramic pipe member described above, and even if it is used for a long time, it is contained in the water in the pipe of the ceramic pipe member. It is an object of the present invention to provide a ceramic tube member that can make it difficult for alkali metals, scales, and the like that are deposited in the water-permeable holes to prevent clogging of the water-permeable holes.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a ceramic tube member that is incorporated in a building exterior material and cools outside air, and is formed of a water-permeable porous ceramic material to form a conduit through which water flows. And an outer peripheral portion formed with a predetermined thickness outward from the inner peripheral portion, and a water-permeable pore is formed from the inner peripheral portion through the outer peripheral portion. The porosity is set to be equal to or higher than the porosity in the inner peripheral portion.
In the present invention configured as described above, the water flowing through the pipe of the ceramic tube member incorporated in the exterior material of the building can be permeated from the inner periphery of the ceramic tube member (hereinafter referred to as “water-permeable hole”). The outside air around the building is cooled by being discharged to the outside of the outer peripheral portion and vaporized. At this time, since the porosity in the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is set to be equal to or higher than the porosity in the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member, the water flowing in the pipeline is more reliably passed from the inner peripheral portion through the water-permeable holes. It can be discharged to the outside of the outer periphery and vaporized. Therefore, even if the ceramic pipe member is used for a long period of time, it is possible to make it difficult to deposit alkali metal, scale, etc. contained in the water in the pipe, for example, in the water-permeable hole, and clog the water-permeable hole. Can be difficult. In addition, since the water released from the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member to the outside of the outer peripheral portion through the water-permeable holes can reliably cool the outside air around the building while maintaining the evaporative cooling function, In urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

In the present invention, preferably, the porosity on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is set to be higher than the porosity on the lower surface side of the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member.
In the present invention configured as described above, for example, the porosity on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member, which is more sunny than the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member, is higher than the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member. Since the porosity is set to be equal to or higher than the porosity on the lower surface side, on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member, more water is discharged from the water-permeable holes than on the lower surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member to vaporize and evaporate the water. The action can be enhanced, and the outside air around the building can be reliably cooled while maintaining the evaporative cooling function. Particularly in urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

Further, the present invention is a ceramic tube member that is incorporated in a building exterior material and cools the outside air, and is formed of a water-permeable porous ceramic material, and an inner peripheral portion that forms a conduit through which water flows, and this An outer peripheral portion formed with a predetermined thickness on the outer side from the inner peripheral portion, and a water-permeable pore is formed from the inner peripheral portion through the outer peripheral portion, and the pore diameter in the outer peripheral portion is the pipe line It is set to be larger than the pore diameter in the inner peripheral portion so that the water flowing inside can be discharged from the inner peripheral portion to the outside of the outer peripheral portion through the water-permeable pores and vaporized. It is said.
In the present invention configured as described above, the water flowing through the pipe of the ceramic tube member incorporated in the exterior material of the building can be permeated from the inner periphery of the ceramic tube member (hereinafter referred to as “water-permeable hole”). The outside air around the building is cooled by being discharged to the outside of the outer peripheral portion and vaporized. At this time, since the pore diameter in the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is set to be larger than the pore diameter in the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member, the water flowing in the pipeline is more reliably passed from the inner peripheral portion through the water-permeable holes. It can be discharged to the outside of the outer periphery and vaporized. Therefore, even if the ceramic pipe member is used for a long period of time, it is possible to make it difficult to deposit alkali metal, scale, etc. contained in the water in the pipe, for example, in the water-permeable hole, and clog the water-permeable hole. Can be difficult. In addition, since the water released from the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member to the outside of the outer peripheral portion through the water-permeable holes can reliably cool the outside air around the building while maintaining the evaporative cooling function, In urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

In the present invention, preferably, the pore diameter on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is set to be larger than the pore diameter on the lower surface side of the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member.
In the present invention configured as described above, for example, the pore diameter on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member that is more sunny than the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is the same as the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member. Since the pore diameter is set to be equal to or larger than the pore diameter on the lower surface side, vaporization and transpiration of water are discharged on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member from the lower surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member. The action can be enhanced, and the outside air around the building can be reliably cooled while maintaining the evaporative cooling function. Particularly in urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

In the present invention, preferably, the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is blasted.
In the present invention configured as described above, since the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is blasted, the surface forming the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is made rougher than when blasting is not performed. The surface area of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member can also be made larger than when blasting is not performed. Therefore, it is possible to enhance the evaporation and transpiration of the water released from the water-permeable holes in the outer periphery of the ceramic tube member, and reliably cool the outside air around the building while maintaining the evaporation cooling function, especially in urban areas. Can reliably suppress the heat island phenomenon.

  According to the ceramic pipe member of the present invention, even if it is used for a long period of time, alkali metals and scales contained in the water in the pipe of the ceramic pipe member can be made difficult to precipitate in the water permeable holes. Hole clogging can be prevented.

It is a schematic front view which shows the exterior material to which the ceramic pipe member by one Embodiment of this invention was applied. It is sectional drawing which shows the ceramic pipe member by one Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, a ceramic tube member according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, an exterior material to which a ceramic tube member according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an exterior material to which a ceramic tube member according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
As shown in FIG. 1, the code | symbol 1 shows exterior material, this exterior material 1 is provided in the outer wall (not shown) of the predetermined floor part of buildings (not shown), such as a multistory high-rise building, It is sized according to the size of the frontage of the building and the height of the outer wall.

  The exterior material 1 includes a left column 2 and a right column 4 provided on both sides, an intermediate column 6 provided at an intermediate position between the left column 2 and the right column 4, and an intermediate position between the left column 2 and the intermediate column 6. A plurality of auxiliary columns 8 and 10 provided at intermediate positions between the right column 4 and the intermediate column 6 and the left column 2, the right column 4 and the intermediate column 6 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. A long ceramic tube member 12 is provided.

In addition, all of the columns 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 are formed of, for example, a hollow stainless steel member having excellent corrosion resistance and strength.
The struts 2 and 4 on both sides are fixed to the outer wall (not shown) from the first floor to the top floor of the building, and the intermediate strut 6 is set to a predetermined length in the vertical direction for each floor. (Not shown).

  The plurality of ceramic tube members 12 arranged between the left column 2 and the intermediate column 6 and between the right column 4 and the intermediate column 6 are respectively arranged symmetrically with respect to the intermediate column 6. The evaporative cooling unit 14 and the right evaporative cooling unit 16 are formed.

  Further, the ceramic tube member 12 of the left column 2 and the left evaporative cooling unit 14 and the ceramic tube member 12 of the right column 4 and the right evaporative cooling unit 16 form a pipeline (water channel 18) through which water flows. The left evaporative cooling unit 14 corresponds to the rainwater from the upper side of the left column 2 and the right column 4 or water supply from other water supply sources (not shown) from the water passages 18 of the left column 2 and the right column 4 respectively. The water is drained below the left column 2 and the right column 4 through the water passage 18 of the ceramic tube member 12 of the right evaporative cooling unit 16.

Further, the details of the structure of the ceramic tube member 12 of the left evaporative cooling unit 14 and the right evaporative cooling unit 16 will be described later. The ceramic tube member 12 uses a portion of the water flowing through the water passage 18 to pass through the ceramic tube member 12. A vaporization cooling function is provided for cooling the outside air around the ceramic tube member 12 by allowing water to permeate outside and vaporizing the water permeated outside.
Further, the ceramic tube members 12 of the left evaporative cooling unit 14 and the right evaporative cooling unit 16 have a function of sunshade (louver) while ensuring a certain extent of field of view through the window from the interior of the building (not shown). Is given.

Next, the ceramic tube member 12 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a ceramic tube member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the ceramic tube member 12 is a thick hollow body made of a porous ceramic material having water permeability and water retention, and forms a pipe line 20 therein.
The ceramic tube member 12 includes an inner peripheral portion 22 and an outer peripheral portion 24 formed with a predetermined thickness on the outer side from the inner peripheral portion 22, and the cross-sectional shapes of the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 are buildings. It has an oval shape that is long in the front-rear direction (not shown) (left-right direction in FIG. 2).

  Also, upper water-permeable holes 26 that are innumerable pores that are permeable through the upper outer peripheral surface 24a that is the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion 24 from the upper inner peripheral surface 22a that is the upper surface of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 are formed. The lower water-permeable holes 28 that are innumerable pores that can penetrate through the lower inner peripheral surface 22b that is the lower surface of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 through the lower outer peripheral surface 24b that is the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion 24 are provided. Is formed.

  Further, a core member 30 is provided inside the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12, and the ceramic tube member 12 is held from the inside by the core member 30, and the ceramic tube member 12 is damaged by any chance. Even in this case, the ceramic tube member 12 is prevented from falling.

The upper outer peripheral surface 22 a and the lower inner peripheral surface 22 b of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 and the lower outer peripheral surface 24 b of the outer peripheral portion 24 are the upper outer periphery of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12. A dense layer L1 having a surface roughness smaller than that of the surface 24a is formed.
On the other hand, the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is the same dense layer L1 as the inner peripheral surfaces 22a and 22b of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 and the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the outer peripheral portion 24. Only a portion having a predetermined thickness is cut to remove the dense layer L1, and the inner intermediate layer L2 is exposed.

Further, the intermediate layer L2 has a larger porosity than the dense layer L1.
Here, the “porosity” is the ratio of the volume of the pore portion to the volume of the sample (including pores) of the intermediate layer L2 or the dense layer L1 collected from the ceramic pipe member 12 formed of a ceramic material (volume ratio). ).

Furthermore, the porosity R1 on the upper outer peripheral surface 24a side of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12, the porosity R2 on the upper inner peripheral surface 22a side and the lower inner peripheral surface 22b side of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12, When the porosity R3 on the lower outer peripheral surface 24b side of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is set, the porosity R1 is equal to or higher than the porosity R2 (R1 ≧ R2) and equal to or higher than the porosity R3 (R1 ≧ R3). Is set.
Further, the porosity R2 and the porosity R3 are set so that the porosity R2 and the porosity R3 are the same (R2 = R3) if the magnitude relationship with the porosity R1 described above is satisfied. Alternatively, the porosity R3 may be set to be larger than the porosity R2 and smaller than the porosity R1 (R1>R3> R2). Or R1 = R3> R2 may be sufficient. In the present embodiment, the porosity R1 is preferably set to be equal to or higher than the porosity R2, more preferably set so that the porosity R1 is larger than the porosity R2, and the porosity R1 is Most preferably, the maximum value is set.

Further, for the porosity R1, R2, and R3, a three-dimensional analysis by X-ray of the ceramic tube member 12 is performed using a microfocus X-ray CT (SMX-160CT-SV3 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) having a minimum resolution of 1 μm. I do.
Specifically, the overall volume of the ceramic tube member 12, the size and shape of pore portions of 1 μm or more formed in the dense layer L1 on the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12, and A three-dimensional image of the volume and the size shape and volume of the pore portion of 1 μm or more formed in the intermediate layer L2 inside the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 and in the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24. The porosity R1, R2, R3 is measured based on the result of numerical analysis based on the result.

Further, the intermediate layer L2 has a larger pore diameter than the dense layer L1.
Here, in this embodiment, the “pore diameter” refers to a mode diameter (Mode Pore Diameter) of the sample of the intermediate layer L2 or the dense layer L1 collected from the ceramic conduit member 12. The mode diameter means the pore diameter at which the differential value is maximum in the differential pore distribution obtained from the integrated pore volume curve using a pore distribution measuring device by mercury porosimetry.

Further, the pore diameter D1 on the upper outer peripheral surface 24a side of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12, the pore diameter D2 on the upper inner peripheral surface 22a side and the lower inner peripheral surface 22b side of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12, When the pore diameter D3 on the lower outer peripheral surface 24b side of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is set, the pore diameter D1 is not less than the pore diameter D2 (D1 ≧ D2) and not less than the pore diameter D3 (D1 ≧ D3). Is set.
The pore diameter D2 and the pore diameter D3 are set so that the pore diameter D2 and the pore diameter D3 are the same (D2 = D3) as long as the above-described magnitude relationship with the pore diameter D1 is satisfied. Alternatively, the pore diameter D3 may be set to be larger than the pore diameter D2 and smaller than the pore diameter D1 (D1>D3> D2). Alternatively, D1 = D3> D2 may be satisfied. In the present embodiment, the pore diameter D1 is preferably set to be larger than the pore diameter D2, more preferably the pore diameter D1 is set to be larger than the pore diameter D2, and the pore diameter D1 is Most preferably, the maximum value is set.

Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the ceramic tube member 12 will be described.
Regarding the composition of clay, which is a raw material of porous ceramic material having water permeability and water retention used for forming the ceramic tube member 12, feldspar is 10% to 70%, and aggregate is 0%. A composition comprising -30%, 10% to 50% clay, and 0% to 10% pigment can be suitably used.

  For forming the ceramic tube member 12, the above-mentioned clay containing water is kneaded in a vacuum state using a vacuum kneader, and extrusion molding is performed wet, followed by drying at 80 ° C or lower for 2 days or more after molding. Do.

After drying under the predetermined drying conditions described above, baking is performed in a baking furnace having a maximum temperature of 1200 ° C. for 30 to 40 hours, preferably about 37 hours.
Here, as the firing furnace, a tunnel kiln that is a type that transports the product in the furnace on a carriage is used. In addition to this tunnel kiln, a roller hearth kiln that transports the product on a rotating roller rod, Alternatively, a shuttle kiln that is a batch-type firing furnace that fires while a cart loaded with products is housed in the furnace may be used.

  The ceramic tube member 12 obtained through the above steps has a dense layer L1 formed on the entire surface of the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 thereof. The layer (intermediate layer L2) between the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 has a larger porosity or pore diameter than the dense layer L1.

Next, as post-processing after firing under the above-described predetermined firing conditions, only the dense layer L1 formed on the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 in the ceramic member 12 is cut with a cutting amount having a predetermined thickness. To remove the dense layer L1 and expose the intermediate layer L2. It is more preferable that this cutting process is performed only on the upper surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 in that the water vaporization and transpiration can be efficiently enhanced and sustained for a long period of time.
Here, when cutting the dense layer L1 formed on the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12, the cutting amount of a predetermined thickness is preferably set to 1 mm or less, and set to 0.5 mm. Is most preferred.
As the cutting, any of grinding, polishing, and shot blasting using a file or a grinder can be used, but shot blasting that can easily finish the surface to a rough surface can be suitably used.
In this shot blasting process, the ceramic tube member 12 after firing into a facility in which a blasting material (ball) having a predetermined particle size and hardness obtained by cutting a stainless steel metal rod is always struck downward from above. The blast material is struck against the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 (particularly, the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion 24) in the facility, and the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion 24 is shaved into an uneven shape. .

  Next, the entire surface of the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 after the above-described shot blasting is washed with water and air.

Next, the operation of the ceramic tube member 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
Here, in FIG. 2, directions of water supply and drainage in the exterior material to which the ceramic tube member according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied are indicated by arrows. Moreover, in FIG. 3, the water vapor | steam which a part of the water which flows through the inside of the pipe line of a ceramic pipe member vaporizes outside the outer peripheral part of a ceramic pipe member is shown by the arrow.

  The water flowing in the conduit 20 of the ceramic tube member 12 is discharged from the upper inner peripheral surface 22a of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 to the outside of the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 through the upper water-permeable holes 26. Being vaporized. As a result, the outside air around the building (not shown) is cooled. At this time, the porosity R1 on the upper outer peripheral surface 24a side of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is the porosity on the upper inner peripheral surface 22a side and the lower inner peripheral surface 22b side of the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12. Since it is set to R2 or more, the water flowing in the pipe line 20 is discharged from the lower inner peripheral surface 22b of the inner peripheral portion 22 to the outside of the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the outer peripheral portion 24 through the lower water permeable holes 28. Thus, more water than the water to be vaporized is reliably discharged from the upper inner peripheral surface 22a of the inner peripheral portion 22 to the outside of the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 through the upper water-permeable holes 26 and is vaporized.

  Next, examples and comparative examples relating to the ceramic tube member 12 according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

(Example)
In the present example, water was added to the kneaded clay containing feldspar, clay, aggregate, and pigment, and the kneaded base was subjected to a vacuum extrusion molding machine to produce a tubular molded body. The tubular molded body was dried and then fired in a tunnel kiln set to a maximum temperature of 1100 ° C. The obtained fired body was shot blasted only on the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion and ground to an average depth of 0.5 mm. High pressure air is blown onto the grinding surface to remove the grinding powder, and the outer diameter (major axis: 11 cm, minor axis 7 cm), inner diameter (major axis: 8.4 cm, minor axis 4.4 cm), wall thickness 1.3 cm, tube length A ceramic tube member having a shape shown in FIG.

(Comparative example)
As for the post-processing after firing, the ceramic tube member was manufactured in the same process as the above-described example, except for shot blasting and removal of the grinding powder, and used as a comparative example.

(Measurement of porosity)
About the ceramic tube member of the present Example, the upper surface and inner peripheral part of the outer peripheral part were cut out, and a sample having a thickness of 3 mm from the surface was prepared. About each sample, when the porosity was measured by microfocus X-ray CT (SMX-160CT-SV3 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), the result that the porosity of the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion was larger than the porosity of the inner peripheral portion was obtained. It was.

(Measurement of pore diameter)
About the ceramic tube member of the present Example, the outer peripheral part upper surface and the inner peripheral part were cut out, and the sample of about 2g was created. About each sample, the pore distribution measurement was performed by the mercury intrusion method. The measuring apparatus used was Micromeritics Autopore IV 9520 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and the measurement was performed at an initial pressure of 0.7 kPa using a standard cell. The mercury parameters were set to the default of the apparatus (mercury contact angle 130 °, mercury surface tension 485 dynes / cm). As a result of the measurement, the mode diameter of the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion was 3.8 μm, and the mode diameter of the inner peripheral portion was 2.2 μm.

(Outdoor water flow test)
The ceramic pipe members of the present example and the comparative example were horizontally installed outdoors, and tap water was passed through the ceramic pipe member at a flow rate of 0.3 liter / day. When water flow was continued for one month, the water transpiration rate in this example was the initial value, that is, immediately after the start of water flow, whereas in the comparative example, the water transpiration rate after the water flow test was about 50 at the initial stage. %Met.

  According to the ceramic tube member 12 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, even if the ceramic tube member 12 is used for a long period of time, it is contained in the water flowing in the pipe line 20 or is eluted from the ceramic tube member. Inorganic components such as alkali metals and scales can be made difficult to precipitate in the upper water-permeable holes 26, and clogging of the upper water-permeable holes 26 can be made difficult to occur. In addition, the water released from the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 to the outside of the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 through the upper water-permeable hole 26 ensures the outside air around the building while maintaining the evaporative cooling function. In particular, in urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

  Further, according to the ceramic tube member 12 according to the present embodiment, for example, pores in the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 that are more sunny than the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12. The rate R1 is set to be equal to or higher than the porosity R2, R3 of the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the inner peripheral portion 22 and the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12, and the pore diameter D1 on the upper outer peripheral surface 24a side of the outer peripheral portion 24 is Since the pore diameters D2 and D3 are set to be larger than the inner peripheral portion 22 of the ceramic tube member 12 and the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the outer peripheral portion 24, the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is More water than the lower outer peripheral surface 24b of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 can be discharged from the water permeable holes 26 to enhance the vaporization and transpiration of water, The ambient air around the building can be reliably cooled while maintaining the reduction cooling function. Particularly in urban areas, the heat island phenomenon can be reliably suppressed.

  Furthermore, according to the ceramic tube member 12 according to the present embodiment, since the upper surface of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 is shot blasted, the upper outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 of the final product. 24a can be made rougher than when blasting is not performed, and the surface area of the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 can also be made larger than when blasting is not performed. Therefore, the vaporization and transpiration action of the water discharged from the water permeable holes 26 in the upper outer peripheral surface 24a of the outer peripheral portion 24 of the ceramic tube member 12 can be enhanced, and the outside air around the building can be surely maintained while maintaining the evaporative cooling function. Cooling can be reliably suppressed, especially in urban areas.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exterior material 2 Left support | pillar 4 Right support | pillar 6 Intermediate support | pillar 8 Auxiliary support | pillar 10 Auxiliary support | pillar 12 Ceramic pipe member 14 Left evaporative cooling unit 16 Right evaporative cooling unit 18 Water flow path 20 Pipe line of ceramic pipe member 22 Inner peripheral part of ceramic pipe member 22a Upper inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member 22b Lower inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member 24 Outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member 24a Upper outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member 24b Lower outer peripheral surface of outer peripheral portion 26 Upper water-permeable hole 28 Lower water-permeable hole 30 Core material L1 Dense layer L2 Intermediate layer

Claims (5)

A ceramic tube member that is built into the building exterior and cools the outside air,
An inner peripheral portion that is formed of a water-permeable porous ceramic material and forms a conduit through which water flows, and an outer peripheral portion that is formed with a predetermined thickness outward from the inner peripheral portion;
A ceramic tube member, wherein pores capable of passing water are formed from the inner peripheral portion through the outer peripheral portion, and a porosity in the outer peripheral portion is set to be equal to or higher than a porosity in the inner peripheral portion.   The pipe member according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the ceramic tube member on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion is set to be equal to or higher than the porosity of the inner peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member and the lower surface side of the outer peripheral portion. A ceramic tube member that is built into the building exterior and cools the outside air,
An inner peripheral portion that is formed of a water-permeable porous ceramic material and forms a conduit through which water flows, and an outer peripheral portion that is formed with a predetermined thickness outward from the inner peripheral portion;
A ceramic tube member, wherein pores that allow water to pass through from the inner peripheral portion to the outer peripheral portion are formed, and a pore diameter in the outer peripheral portion is set to be larger than a pore diameter in the inner peripheral portion.   The tube member according to claim 3, wherein a pore diameter on the upper surface side of the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member is set to be equal to or larger than a pore diameter on the lower surface side of the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the ceramic tube member.   The pipe member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an outer peripheral portion of the ceramic pipe member is blasted.

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