JP2011183391A - Mercury immobilizing method, gypsum producing method using the same, mercury immobilizing apparatus, and flue-gas desulfurization system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide gypsum having low mercury content or recyclable or landfill-disposable even having a high mercury content, from an absorbing liquid containing gypsum and mercury discharged from a flue-gas desulfurization apparatus. <P>SOLUTION: The method for immobilizing the mercury in the absorbing liquid containing gypsum after gas-liquid contact with combustion flue-gas in the flue-gas desulfurization apparatus 10, includes a process for unevenly distributing mercury in the absorbing liquid into the liquid side or solid side of the absorbing liquid, by adding additives to the absorbing liquid from an additive supplying machine 50. Solid-liquid separation of the absorbing liquid with mercury unevenly distributed in the liquid side by a gypsum separator 30 provides gypsum with the low mercury content. Solid-liquid separation of the absorbing liquid with mercury unevenly distributed in the solid side by the gypsum separator 30 provides recyclable or landfill-disposable gypsum even having a high mercury content. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a mercury immobilization method, a gypsum production method using the same, a mercury immobilization device, and a flue gas desulfurization system using the same.

Mercury is contained in the exhaust gas generated when fossil fuel such as coal is burned, although it is a trace amount. Therefore, in the flue gas desulfurization apparatus, mercury is collected by the absorbing liquid together with the sulfur oxide. The sulfur oxide in the absorbing solution reacts with the lime in the absorbing solution to become gypsum. The absorbent containing this gypsum is
Usually, it is separated into a solid component mainly composed of gypsum and a liquid component to be drained by a gypsum separator.
At this time, mercury is contained in both gypsum and waste water.

As a method for treating mercury in wastewater, there are a method of adding a flocculant to precipitate mercury and a method of adsorbing mercury using a chelate resin (see Patent Document 1), but a method of treating mercury in gypsum. There is no. Therefore, if the gypsum contains mercury, depending on the intended use of the gypsum, the gypsum is refused to be collected, or when gypsum board or cement is produced from gypsum, in the drying or roasting process, or when gypsum is used. When landfilling, there is a problem that mercury is vaporized and re-released into the atmosphere at the landfill.

In addition, the percentage of mercury in the gypsum that is contained in the gypsum and the percentage in the wastewater is not constant due to solid-liquid separation, and the separation rate of mercury over time depends on the flue gas desulfurization equipment and its operating conditions. Therefore, there is a problem that mercury cannot be reliably processed.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-347548

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention recycles or fills gypsum discharged from a flue gas desulfurization apparatus and mercury-containing absorbent, even if the mercury content is low, even if the mercury content is low. It is an object of the present invention to provide a mercury fixing method capable of obtaining gypsum that can be disposed of, a gypsum production method using the same, a mercury fixing device, and a flue gas desulfurization system using the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, as one aspect thereof, is a method for immobilizing mercury in an absorbent containing gypsum after gas-liquid contact with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, Adding an additive to the absorbing solution, and distributing the mercury in the absorbing solution to the liquid component side or the solid component side in the absorbing solution.

In this way, an additive is added to the absorption liquid containing gypsum and mercury, and the mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on one of the liquid side and the solid side in the absorption liquid. If the liquid is separated, gypsum or waste water with a low mercury content can be obtained. Note that when the latter mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid content side, the gypsum obtained by solid-liquid separation contains mercury, but the mercury is fixed in the additive and stabilized in the gypsum. Mercury can be prevented from being released again into the atmosphere even when used or disposed of in landfills. In addition, since the mercury is fixed and stabilized in the absorbent by the additive, the mercury is re-released into the atmosphere even if it is disposed of in the form of gypsum slurry without solid-liquid separation. And can be prevented from being mixed into groundwater.

In one embodiment of the method for immobilizing mercury according to the present invention, using a chelating agent or an oxidizing agent as the additive, the mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the liquid side in the absorption liquid. In addition, the method may further include a step of solid-liquid separation of the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side and separating it into a solid containing gypsum and a liquid containing mercury. As a result, a high-quality gypsum suitable for reuse with a low mercury content can be obtained.

In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation can be performed while supplying a cleaning liquid containing an acid. Thereby, the mercury content in gypsum can be further reduced.

In this embodiment, the step of measuring the mercury concentration in the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side, the step of measuring the mercury concentration in the liquid containing mercury after the solid-liquid separation, The method may further include a step of comparing the two measured mercury concentrations and performing control to increase the amount of the additive so that a difference between the two mercury concentrations is reduced. Thereby, the mercury content in gypsum can be stably reduced over time.

As another embodiment of the mercury immobilization method according to the present invention, using sulfide as the additive, the mercury in the absorption liquid can be unevenly distributed on the solid side in the absorption liquid, The method may further include a step of solid-liquid separation of the absorption liquid in which mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid content side to separate the liquid into a solid containing gypsum and mercury. As a result, wastewater having a low mercury content and a low wastewater treatment load can be obtained. Moreover, although the gypsum obtained contains mercury, the mercury is fixed by the additive and stabilized in the gypsum. Accordingly, it is possible to obtain gypsum that does not re-release the contained mercury into the atmosphere even if it is reused or disposed of in landfills.

In this embodiment, the solid-liquid separation can be performed while supplying a cleaning liquid containing alkali. Thereby, the mercury content in the waste water can be further reduced.

In this embodiment, the step of measuring the mercury concentration in the liquid after the solid-liquid separation, and the step of controlling to increase the amount of the additive added so that the measured mercury concentration is further reduced Can be included. Thereby, the mercury content in waste water can be stably reduced over time.

Another aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for immobilizing mercury in an absorption liquid containing gypsum after being in gas-liquid contact with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, wherein an additive is added to the absorption liquid. And a mixing tank in which mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the solid side or the liquid side in the absorption liquid.

In one embodiment of the mercury immobilization apparatus according to the present invention, the additive is a chelating agent or an oxidizing agent, and the mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the liquid side in the absorption liquid,
Furthermore, a gypsum separator that separates the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side into solid and liquid and separates it into a solid containing gypsum and a liquid containing mercury can be included.

In this embodiment, the gypsum separator can include a cleaning liquid supply means for supplying a cleaning liquid containing an acid to the absorption liquid to be solid-liquid separated. In this embodiment, the first mercury meter for measuring the mercury concentration in the absorption liquid in the mixing tank and the second mercury concentration in the liquid containing mercury after the solid-liquid separation are measured. A mercury meter, and a control circuit that controls to increase the amount of the additive so that the difference between the mercury concentration measured by the first mercury meter and the mercury concentration measured by the second mercury meter is small. Can further be included.

In another embodiment of the mercury immobilization apparatus according to the present invention, the additive is a sulfide,
The mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the solid content side in the absorption liquid, and further, the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid content side is solid-liquid separated to obtain a solid containing liquid, gypsum and mercury A gypsum separator that separates into two parts can be included.

In this embodiment, the gypsum separator can include a cleaning liquid supply means for supplying a cleaning liquid containing alkali to the absorption liquid to be solid-liquid separated. In this embodiment, the mercury meter for measuring the mercury concentration in the liquid after the solid-liquid separation, and the control for increasing the additive amount so that the mercury concentration measured by the mercury meter is reduced And a control circuit for performing.

As still another aspect, the present invention is a flue gas desulfurization system including the above-described mercury immobilization apparatus.

The present invention, as yet another aspect, is a method for producing gypsum from an absorbent containing gypsum after contact with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, wherein a chelating agent or an oxidizing agent is added to the absorbent. And adding the mercury in the absorption liquid to the liquid side in the absorption liquid and removing the liquid containing mercury by solid-liquid separation of the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side. And obtaining gypsum.

The gypsum production method according to the present invention includes, as another embodiment, a sulfide added to an absorption liquid absorption liquid containing gypsum after being in gas-liquid contact with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus. A step of unevenly distributing the mercury of the mercury to the solid content side in the absorption liquid, and a step of removing the liquid by solid-liquid separation of the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed to the solid content side to obtain a gypsum containing mercury. It is characterized by including.

As described above, according to the present invention, the gypsum discharged from the flue gas desulfurization apparatus and the mercury-containing absorbing liquid can be reused or disposed of in landfill even if the mercury content is low or the mercury content is high. It is possible to provide a mercury immobilization method for obtaining gypsum, a gypsum production method using the same, a mercury immobilization apparatus, and a flue gas desulfurization system using the same.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a mercury immobilization method and a gypsum production method using the same, a mercury immobilization device, and a flue gas desulfurization system using the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing an embodiment of a flue gas desulfurization system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the flue gas desulfurization system includes a wet flue gas desulfurization device 10 that absorbs and removes sulfur oxide (SOx) in the flue gas by bringing the absorption liquid into gas-liquid contact with the flue gas, and flue gas desulfurization. A gypsum slurry supply tank 20 for temporarily storing an absorbent containing gypsum discharged from the apparatus 10 to supply to the gypsum separator 30, and a gypsum separator 30 for solid-liquid separation of the absorbent containing gypsum The filtrate recovery tank 40 mainly stores the filtrate discharged from the gypsum separator 30.

The flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10 includes an absorption liquid tank 12 at the bottom, and the absorption liquid is stored in the absorption liquid tank 12. The absorption liquid contains lime such as limestone (CaCO ₃ ), slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), quick lime (CaO), etc., and the absorption liquid is in a slurry form. Absorption liquid tank 12
Is provided with an absorption liquid circulation line 13 for sending the absorption liquid in the tank to the spray header 11 at the upper part of the apparatus by a pump 14. The flue gas desulfurization device 10 has a structure in which the absorbing liquid injected by the spray header 11 falls into gravity and returns to the absorbing liquid tank 12 while coming into gas-liquid contact with the combustion exhaust gas and absorbing and removing SOx in the combustion exhaust gas. ing.

In the absorption liquid tank 12, a gas containing oxygen such as air is jetted into the absorption liquid, and the lime in the absorption liquid reacts with the absorbed SOx to generate gypsum (CaSO ₄ · H ₂ O). A bubble supply means (not shown) is provided. In order to collect this gypsum, a gypsum collection line 15 for sending a part of the absorbent in the line to the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 is provided in the absorption liquid circulation line 13.
Is provided.

An additive supply machine 50 is connected to the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 via an additive supply line 51.
Is installed. In the present embodiment, the additive supply machine 50 is a device that supplies a chelating agent or an oxidizing agent 50 a as an additive into the gypsum slurry supply tank 20. As the chelating agent, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or a salt thereof, or a chelating resin shown in the following table can be used.

As the oxidizing agent, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O ₂₎
, Ozone (O ₃ ), or the like can be used. The gypsum slurry supply tank 20 includes a stirrer 21 for uniformly mixing the absorption liquid to be introduced and the additive, and a mercury meter 22 for measuring the mercury concentration in the absorption liquid. The gypsum slurry supply tank 20 is provided with a gypsum slurry supply line 23 for sending the absorption liquid in the tank to the gypsum separator 30 by the pump 24.

The gypsum separator 30 is a device that can separate the absorption liquid into a solid and a liquid by solid-liquid separation. For example, a belt filter, a thickener, a centrifuge, etc. as shown in FIG. preferable. The gypsum separator 30 is supplied with a cleaning liquid supply machine 60 via a cleaning liquid supply line 61.
Is installed. In the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid supply machine 60 is an apparatus that supplies the cleaning liquid containing the acid 60 a to the gypsum separator 30. As the acid 60a, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid can be used. The pH of the cleaning solution containing an acid is preferably 6 or less, and more preferably 4 or less. A gypsum storage tank 31 is installed on the solid content discharge side of the gypsum separator 30, and a filtrate recovery tank 40 is installed on the liquid content discharge side.

The filtrate collection tank 40 is a stirrer 41 for uniformly mixing the filtrate from which gypsum has been removed by the gypsum separator 30, a mercury meter 42 for measuring the mercury concentration in the filtrate, and measuring the pH of the filtrate. PH to
43 in total. In the filtrate collection tank 40, the filtrate in the tank is sent to the absorbent tank 12 of the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10 by a pump 46, and the filtrate in the tank is drained by a pump 48 (shown in the figure). A filtrate discharge line 47 to be sent to (omitted) is provided.

Mercury meters 22 and 42 installed in the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 and the filtrate recovery tank 40 are
The measurement data can be transmitted to the mercury concentration control circuit 70. The additive supply line 51 is provided with a valve 52 that can increase or decrease the flow rate of the additive. The valve 52 is configured to receive a signal from the mercury concentration control circuit 70 and adjust the degree of opening and closing of the valve.

The pH meter 43 installed in the filtrate collection tank 40 is configured to transmit measurement data to the pH control circuit 80. The cleaning liquid supply line 61 is provided with a valve 62 that can increase or decrease the flow rate of the cleaning liquid. The valve 62 is configured to receive a signal from the pH control circuit 80 and adjust the degree of opening and closing of the valve.

According to the above configuration, first, combustion exhaust gas generated when fossil fuel such as coal is burned is introduced into the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10 and brought into gas-liquid contact with the absorbing liquid injected from the spray header 11. Thereby, sulfur oxides and mercury in the combustion exhaust gas are absorbed and removed by the absorbing solution. The combustion exhaust gas purified by removing sulfur oxides and mercury is discharged from the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10.

Before introducing the flue gas into the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10, it is preferable to oxidize the flue gas with a supply of hydrogen chloride gas or an oxidation catalyst. Thereby, the mercury metal (Hg) contained in the combustion exhaust gas can be converted into mercury chloride (HgCl ₂ ) having good water solubility, so that the absorption rate of mercury by the absorbing liquid can be improved.

On the other hand, the absorption liquid that has absorbed sulfur oxides and mercury falls into the absorption liquid tank 12. Absorption liquid tank 1
In S2, air was blown from a bubbling header (not shown), and lime in the absorption liquid and absorbed S
Gypsum is produced by reaction with Ox. The absorption liquid is in the form of a slurry in which gypsum is suspended. The absorbent in the absorbent tank 12 is again sprayed by the absorbent header circulation line 13 through the spray header 11.
However, in order to collect the gypsum in the absorbent, the absorbent is continuously extracted from the gypsum collection line 15 and sent to the gypsum slurry supply tank 20. The absorbent tank 12 is supplemented with lime necessary for SOx absorption and supplementary water as necessary.

In the gypsum slurry supply tank 20, an absorption liquid containing gypsum and mercury is introduced, and a chelating agent or an oxidizing agent 50 a is introduced from the additive supply machine 50, and these are mixed into the stirrer 2.
1 to mix evenly. The absorption liquid is in the form of a slurry, and the mercury in the absorption liquid adheres to the solid gypsum or dissolves in the liquid water, and is present on both the solid and liquid sides. However, by adding the chelating agent or oxidizing agent 50a, mercury adhering to the gypsum can be transferred to the liquid side, and mercury can be unevenly distributed on the liquid side. The reaction formula when ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium is used as a chelating agent is shown below.

By adsorbing mercury ions to the chelating agent in this way, mercury is immobilized and stabilized on the liquid side of the slurry. Therefore, it is possible to prevent mercury from adhering to the gypsum on the solid content side. In addition, the supply amount of the chelating agent is 0.1 mg / L to 1 μg / L of mercury in the absorbing solution.
It is preferable to add an amount in the range of 100 mg / L.

The reaction formula when NaClO is used as the oxidizing agent is shown below.
Hg + Cl ⁻ + ClO ⁻ + 2H ⁺ → HgCl ₂ + H ₂ O

In this way, by making the poorly water-soluble metallic mercury into water-soluble mercury chloride with an oxidizing agent, the mercury is fixed and stabilized on the liquid side of the slurry. Therefore, mercury can be transferred to the liquid side. The supply amount of the oxidizing agent (NaClO) is preferably added in an amount in the range of 0.1 mmol / L to 1 mol / L with respect to 1 μg / L of mercury in the absorbing solution. Also,
By adding a chelating agent or oxidizing agent 50a to the absorbing solution, not only mercury but also heavy metals other than mercury can be transferred to the liquid component side.

Next, the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side is continuously supplied to the gypsum separator 30 through the gypsum slurry supply line 23 to separate the liquid into a solid part and a liquid part. At this time, since mercury is unevenly distributed on the liquid side, the mercury concentration in the solid after solid-liquid separation is very low, and high-quality gypsum can be obtained. The solid after the solid-liquid separation is sent to the gypsum storage tank 31 and reused for the production of gypsum board and cement.

The gypsum separator 30 can be supplied with the cleaning liquid containing the acid 60a from the cleaning liquid supplier 60 together with the absorbing liquid. As a result, when the gypsum separator 30 cleans gypsum,
H can be lowered, and mercury still adhering to the gypsum can be transferred to the filtrate side without moving to the liquid side. Therefore, the mercury separation efficiency in the gypsum separator 30 is further improved, and high-quality gypsum with a lower mercury concentration can be obtained. In addition, by washing the gypsum with a cleaning solution containing the acid 50a, the remaining lime is dissolved and gypsum is promoted, and the gypsum purity is improved. The supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing the acid 60a is 0.1 m with respect to 1 μg / L of mercury in the absorbing liquid.
It is preferable to add an amount in the range of mol / L to 1 mol / L.

On the other hand, the filtrate from which the solid has been removed by the solid-liquid separation in the gypsum separator 30 is sent to the filtrate collection tank 40. This filtrate contains mercury. When draining the filtrate, the filtrate discharge line 4
The mercury contained in the filtrate is processed from 7 to a wastewater treatment facility (not shown) and then drained. Moreover, the filtrate can be reused as moisture of the absorbent by sending the filtrate from the filtrate collection line 45 to the absorbent tank 12 of the flue gas desulfurization apparatus 10.

The supply amount of the chelating agent or oxidizing agent 50a from the additive supply machine 50 is determined from the mercury concentration in the absorbent in the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 and the mercury concentration in the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40. An absorbent and a chelating agent or oxidizing agent are continuously introduced into the gypsum slurry supply tank 20, and the mercury concentration in a state in which these are uniformly mixed is measured by a mercury meter 22 using a stirrer 21. Also, the filtrate from the gypsum separator 30 is continuously introduced into the filtrate collection tank 40,
The mercury concentration in a state where the filtrate is uniformly mixed by the stirrer 41 is measured by the mercury meter 42. The mercury concentration data measured by the mercury meters 22 and 42 is transmitted to the mercury concentration control circuit 70.

When the rate of transfer of mercury in the absorption liquid to the liquid side decreases, mercury in the absorption liquid adheres to the gypsum and is discharged to the gypsum storage tank 31, so that the mercury in the filtrate in the filtrate recovery tank 40 Mercury concentration decreases. Therefore, the mercury concentration control circuit 70 compares the mercury concentration of the mercury meter 22 in the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 with the mercury concentration of the mercury meter 42 in the filtrate collection tank 40, and when this difference is large,
A signal is sent to the valve 52 to open the valve, and the supply amount of the chelating agent or oxidizing agent 50a is increased. As a result, the rate of transfer of mercury to the liquid component side increases, and the mercury concentration in the filtrate recovery tank 40 increases. Therefore, the difference is small. Thus, by controlling the supply amount of the chelating agent or the oxidizing agent 50a so that the difference becomes small, high-quality gypsum with a low mercury content can be obtained continuously. The difference between the mercury concentration in the absorbent in the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 and the mercury concentration in the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40 is preferably controlled to be 1.0 μg / L or less.

Moreover, the relational expression of the mercury concentration in the absorption liquid of the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 and the filtrate of the filtrate collection tank 40 and the migration rate of mercury to the liquid side is shown below.

The supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing the acid 60 a from the cleaning liquid supply machine 60 is determined from the pH of the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40. The filtrate from the gypsum separator 30 is continuously introduced into the filtrate collection tank 40, and the pH in a state where the filtrate is uniformly mixed is measured by the pH meter 43 by the stirrer 41. p
The pH value data measured by the H meter 43 is transmitted to the pH control circuit 80. When the measured value exceeds a predetermined pH, the pH control circuit 80 sends a signal to the valve 62 to open the valve, thereby increasing the supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing the acid 60a. Thereby, the gypsum separator 3
When washing with gypsum at 0, the pH can be lowered stably, and high-quality gypsum with a lower mercury content can be continuously obtained. In addition, it is preferable to control pH of the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40 to 5.2 or less.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a schematic view schematically showing another embodiment of the flue gas desulfurization system according to the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the present embodiment, the additive supplied from the additive supplier 50 to the gypsum slurry supply tank 20 is a sulfide 50b, and the cleaning liquid supplied from the cleaning liquid supplier 60 to the gypsum separator 30 is a cleaning liquid containing an alkali 60b. It is.

As the sulfide 50a, it is preferable to use a soluble salt such as Na ₂ S, NaHS, H ₂ S, or KHS. The sulfide is preferably added as an aqueous solution, but H ₂ S itself can be blown. Moreover, it is preferable to use caustic soda or the like as the alkali 60b. The pH of the cleaning liquid containing alkali is preferably 7 or more, and more preferably 9-10.

According to the above configuration, the exhaust gas desulfurization apparatus 10 absorbs and removes sulfur oxides and mercury in the combustion exhaust gas with the absorption liquid. The absorbing solution that has absorbed sulfur oxides and mercury is air-oxidized in the absorbing solution tank 12, and gypsum is generated by the reaction between the lime in the absorbing solution and the absorbed SOx. The absorbent containing gypsum is sent from the gypsum recovery line 15 to the gypsum slurry supply tank 20.

In the gypsum slurry supply tank 20, the sulfide 50 b is introduced from the additive supply device 50 and mixed uniformly by the stirrer 21. Mercury in the absorption liquid exists on both the solid side and the liquid side, but by adding sulfide 50b, mercury ions are converted into poorly water-soluble mercury sulfide as shown in the following reaction formula. Further, mercury existing on the liquid side can be transferred to the solid side, and mercury can be unevenly distributed on the solid side.

Hg ²⁺ + S ^2- → HgS

The supply amount of the sulfide 50b is 0.1 to 100 m with respect to 1 μg / L of mercury in the absorbing solution.
It is preferred to add an amount in the g / L range. Moreover, by adding the sulfide 50b to the absorbing solution, not only mercury but also heavy metals other than mercury can be transferred to the solid component side if the absorbing solution contains.

Next, the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid content side is continuously supplied to the gypsum separator 30 by the gypsum slurry supply line 23 to separate the liquid into a solid and a liquid. At this time, since mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid content side, a filtrate with a very low mercury concentration can be collected in the filtrate collection tank 40. Therefore, when draining filtrate, the load of waste water treatment can be reduced and sludge discharge can be reduced.

The gypsum separator 30 can be supplied with a cleaning liquid containing the alkali 60b from the cleaning liquid supplier 60 together with the absorbing liquid. As a result, mercury ions are made insoluble in water as shown in the following reaction formula, so that even if sulfide is added, mercury that is still present on the liquid component side is not transferred to the solid component side. Can be migrated to. Therefore, gypsum separator 30
The mercury separation efficiency is further improved, and a filtrate having a lower mercury concentration can be obtained. The supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing alkali 60b is 0.1 mm with respect to 1 μg / L of mercury in the absorbing liquid.
It is preferable to add an amount in the range of ol / L to 1 mol / L.

Hg ²⁺ + 2OH ⁻ + nH ₂ O → Hg (OH) _2. (H ₂ O) _n

On the other hand, the gypsum sent to the gypsum storage tank 31 after the solid-liquid separation contains a relatively large amount of mercury. However, mercury fixed by adding sulfide 50b or by washing with a cleaning solution containing alkali 60b is stabilized in gypsum, so that gypsum can be reused in the production of gypsum board and cement. However, it does not evaporate in the drying or roasting process, and it does not evaporate in the landfill even after landfill disposal. Therefore, although the gypsum obtained by this Embodiment contains comparatively much mercury, it can be reused for manufacture of a gypsum board and cement, and can also be disposed of in landfill.

The supply amount of sulfide from the additive supplier 50 is determined from the mercury concentration in the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40. The filtrate from the gypsum separator 30 is continuously introduced into the filtrate collection tank 40, and the mercury concentration in a state where the filtrate is uniformly mixed is measured with a mercury meter 42 by the stirrer 41. Mercury meter 42
The mercury concentration data measured in (1) is transmitted to the mercury concentration control circuit 70.

When the rate of migration of mercury in the absorption liquid to the solid content side decreases, the mercury in the absorption liquid becomes gypsum separator 30.
Since the filtrate is discharged together, the mercury concentration in the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40 increases. Therefore, in the mercury concentration control circuit 70, when the mercury concentration of the mercury meter 42 in the filtrate recovery tank 40 exceeds a predetermined concentration, a signal is sent to the valve 52 to open the valve, and the supply amount of the sulfide 50b is increased. . As a result, the rate of migration of mercury to the solid content side increases, and the mercury concentration in the filtrate collection tank 40 decreases. In this way, by controlling the supply amount of the sulfide 50b so that the mercury concentration in the filtrate collection tank 40 becomes small, a filtrate having a low mercury content can be obtained continuously. In addition, it is preferable to control so that the mercury concentration in the filtrate of the filtrate collection tank 40 may be 1.0 μg / L or less.

The supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing alkali 60b from the cleaning liquid supply machine 60 is the filtrate recovery tank 40.
Determine from the pH of the inner filtrate. The pH value data measured by the pH meter 43 is the pH control circuit 8
Send to 0. And in the pH control circuit 80, when this measured value is below a predetermined pH,
A signal is sent to the valve 62 to open the valve, and the supply amount of the cleaning liquid containing the alkali 60b is increased. Thereby, the filtrate with lower mercury content can be obtained continuously. In addition, it is preferable to control the pH of the filtrate in the filtrate collection tank 40 to 6 or more.

It is a mimetic diagram showing one embodiment of a flue gas desulfurization system concerning the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows another embodiment of the flue gas desulfurization system which concerns on this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Flue gas desulfurization apparatus 11 Spray header 12 Absorption liquid tank 20 Gypsum slurry supply tank 21, 41 Stirrer 22, 42 Mercury meter 30 Gypsum separator 31 Gypsum storage tank 40 Filtrate collection tank 43 pH meter 50 Additive supply machine 60 Cleaning liquid Supply machine 70 Mercury concentration control circuit 80 pH control circuit

Claims (8)

  A method of immobilizing mercury in an absorbent containing gypsum after contacting gas and liquid with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, wherein the absorbent containing the gypsum is extracted from the flue gas desulfurization apparatus and mixed. And the step of adding an additive to the absorbent in the mixing tank and causing the mercury in the absorbent to be unevenly distributed on the liquid or solid side in the absorbent, the additive being A sulfide, the mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the solid side of the absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid side is separated into solid and liquid, and the liquid and gypsum and A method for immobilizing mercury comprising a step of separating into a solid containing mercury.   The mercury immobilization method according to claim 1, wherein the solid-liquid separation is performed while supplying a cleaning liquid containing an alkali.   The method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a step of measuring mercury concentration in the liquid after the solid-liquid separation and a step of performing control to increase the amount of the additive added so that the measured mercury concentration becomes small. The mercury immobilization method as described.   A method of immobilizing mercury in an absorbent containing gypsum after contacting gas and liquid with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, wherein the absorbent containing the gypsum is extracted from the flue gas desulfurization apparatus and mixed. And the step of adding an additive to the absorbent in the mixing tank and causing the mercury in the absorbent to be unevenly distributed on the liquid or solid side in the absorbent, the additive being A sulfide, the mercury in the absorption liquid is unevenly distributed on the solid side of the absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid side is separated into solid and liquid, and the liquid and gypsum and Mercury immobilization equipment including a gypsum separator that separates into mercury-containing solids.   The mercury immobilization apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gypsum separator includes a cleaning liquid supply unit that supplies a cleaning liquid containing alkali to the absorption liquid to be solid-liquid separated.   A mercury meter that measures the mercury concentration in the liquid after the solid-liquid separation, and a control circuit that controls to increase the amount of the additive added so that the mercury concentration measured by the mercury meter is reduced. Item 6. The mercury immobilization apparatus according to Item 4 or 5.   A flue gas desulfurization system comprising the mercury immobilization device according to any one of claims 4 to 6.   A method of producing gypsum from an absorbent containing gypsum after contact with combustion exhaust gas in a flue gas desulfurization apparatus, wherein the absorbent containing gypsum is extracted from the flue gas desulfurization apparatus and sent to a mixing tank A step of adding a sulfide to the absorption liquid in the mixing tank to cause the mercury in the absorption liquid to be unevenly distributed on the solid side of the absorption liquid, and an absorption in which the mercury is unevenly distributed on the solid side. Removing the liquid by solid-liquid separation to obtain a gypsum containing mercury.

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