JP2011183248A - Dust remover - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust remover that is comparatively inexpensive in manufacturing cost and that also facilitates miniaturization. <P>SOLUTION: The dust remover is composed of a charging roller 12 that is rotatably operated and a conveyance mechanism 3 that relatively moves a dust removal target P and the charging roller 12 in a state in which the charging roller 12 and the target P are oppositely faced. The charging roller 12 is configured to be charged by friction between the charging roller 12 and an auxiliary member 14 having a different electrostatic charging tendency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a dust removing apparatus including a charging roller that is rotated, and a conveyance mechanism that relatively moves a dust removal object and a charging roller in a state where the charging roller faces the object.

  There exists patent document 1 shown below as prior art document information relevant to this kind of dust removal apparatus. The dust removing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is intended to remove dust attached to a light receiving surface of a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD image sensor, and includes two rotating rollers that are rotated and an object to be removed. The CCD image sensor and the two charging rollers are provided with a transport mechanism for relative movement with each charging roller facing the object. One charging roller is charged to-and the other charging roller is charged to +. It is charged by the charging unit whose charge amount is controlled by the control unit.

JP 2007-73877 (paragraph 0015, FIG. 1)

  However, in the dust removal device described in Patent Document 1, since it is necessary to provide at least two sets of charging units and charge control units that are presumed to include a high voltage generation circuit, the production cost of the dust removal device is high, It was also difficult to make the dust remover compact.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a dust removal device that can be manufactured at a relatively low cost and that can be easily made compact in view of the problems given by the conventional dust removal device exemplified above.

The first characteristic configuration of the dust removing device according to the present invention is as follows.
A charging roller that is rotated,
A transport mechanism that relatively moves the dust removal object and the charging roller in a state where the charging roller faces the object;
The charging roller is configured to be charged by friction between the charging roller and an auxiliary member having a different charging tendency.

  In the dust removing device according to the first characteristic configuration of the present invention, the charging roller disposed opposite to the object is charged to a polarity set to either + or-by friction between the charging roller and an auxiliary member having a different charging tendency, Dust positioned on the surface of the object in a state of being charged to the opposite polarity is sucked and removed by the charging roller. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange a complicated charging device including a high voltage generation circuit in order to charge the charging roller. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the dust removing device can be reduced, and further, the dust removing device can be easily downsized. For example, if the dust positioned on the surface of the object is dust that is generally (+) charged indoors, the charging roller and the auxiliary member are charged so that the charging roller is charged (−). These materials may be selected from known charging trains.

  Another feature of the present invention is that the charging roller is a charging brush roller.

  With this configuration, a strong or coulomb force due to static electricity can be intensively generated at the tips of individual hairs constituting the brush roller by electrification, so a roller having a flat or sponge-like peripheral surface Compared to the above, a dust removing device with higher adsorption capacity can be obtained. Since the dust adsorbed on the charging roller can be collected with a high yield, the tendency to reattach to the object is also suppressed.

  Another feature of the present invention is that the charging brush roller is rotated with respect to the object in a non-contact state.

  In this configuration, since the charging brush roller is configured to adsorb dust without contacting the object, the charging state of the charging brush roller changes in an inconvenient direction for dust adsorption due to contact with the object. The fear is suppressed. In addition, the possibility that dust once adsorbed to the charging brush roller may reattach to the object due to the rotation of the charging brush roller and the charging brush roller may cause mechanical damage to the object are suppressed.

  Another characteristic configuration of the present invention includes a second charging roller disposed opposite to the object, and the second charging roller is charged with a polarity different from that of the charging roller.

  With this configuration, even when dust charged to + and dust charged to-are mixed on the surface of the object, both dusts can be removed.

  Another feature of the present invention is that the second charging roller is charged by friction between the second charging roller and a second auxiliary member having a different charging tendency.

  With this configuration, dust having a charging tendency that could not be removed by the first charging roller can be removed by the second charging roller charged by friction with the auxiliary member having a different charging tendency. It is possible to remove both positively charged dust and negatively charged dust without using a complicated device.

  Another feature of the present invention is that the second charging roller is charged by a corona discharge device.

  With this configuration, the second charging roller can be charged to an arbitrary level by the corona discharge device, so that dust adhering to the surface of the object can be removed with a very strong adsorption force. The charging roller 1 is charged by friction with auxiliary members having different charging tendencies until tired. Therefore, only one high voltage generating circuit constituting the corona discharge device is required, which is simpler than the prior art. A dust removing device is obtained.

  Another feature of the present invention is that a frictional force adjusting mechanism for adjusting a frictional force generated between the charging roller and the auxiliary member is provided.

  If it is this structure, it will become possible to control the electrification property and Coulomb force which are obtained in the charging roller by friction with the auxiliary member to a size suitable for the characteristics of the object and the dust on the object. As a result, for example, it is possible to provide a dust removing device that can adsorb and remove dust on an object and hardly cause inconveniences such as attracting the object itself.

It is a schematic side view which shows the coating | coated apparatus provided with the dust removal apparatus by this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure and effect | action of a dust removal apparatus. It is an enlarged view which shows the principal part of a coating | coated apparatus. It is an enlarged view which shows the other principal part of a coating | coated apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure and effect | action of the dust removal apparatus by another embodiment.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Below, the form for implementing this invention is demonstrated, referring drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a coating apparatus 150 for attaching a transparent protective film to an image surface of a print discharged from an ink jet printer or the like. As a part of the coating apparatus 150, a dust removal unit 50 (of a dust removal apparatus) according to the present invention is shown. An example) is provided. The coating apparatus 150 is disposed adjacent to the downstream side of the ink jet printer.

(Coating equipment)
The coating apparatus 150 receives the print P discharged from the discharge unit 80a of the ink jet printer, removes the dust 1a and 1b from the image surface of the print P, and the print immediately after receiving the dust removal operation by the dust removal unit 50. And a laminator unit 100 for attaching a protective film S to P. The print P is sent to the dust removal unit 50 with the image surface facing upward. As illustrated in FIG. 2, there may be a case where both the dust 1 a charged to + and the dust 1 b charged to − are mixed on the image surface side of the print P, but generally charged to +. In many cases, the dust 1a is mainly used.

(Dust remover)
The dust removing unit 50 includes a first dust removing portion D1 that mainly sucks and removes dust 1a charged mainly to +, and a second dust removing portion D2 that mainly sucks and removes dust 1b charged to-. The second dust removing portion D2 is disposed on the downstream side of the first dust removing portion D1 with respect to the transport direction of the print P.

(First dust removal part)
The first dust removing portion D1 includes a transport roller 3 whose outer peripheral surface is made of a material having a large frictional force such as rubber, and a first charging roller 4 whose outer peripheral surface is made of an insulator such as rubber. The conveyance roller 3 is disposed below the conveyance guide 2 made of a grounded sheet metal or the like. The first charging roller 4 disposed above the conveyance guide 2 is configured to press the print P against the conveyance roller 3 by a pressure-bonding mechanism using a spring or the like. The conveyance roller 3 is basically driven at a speed synchronized with the discharge speed of the print P by the ink jet printer by a driving source such as a motor.

  The transport roller 3 is rotationally driven by a drive source (not shown) such as a motor in order to transport the print P toward the laminator unit 100. The first charging roller 4 may be driven synchronously by a common drive source with the transport roller 3, but may be configured to roll by friction with the print P transported by the transport roller 3. If the transport roller 3 and the first charging roller 4 are made of the same material, it is advantageous because there is less risk of static electricity inconvenient for the dust removal operation due to friction between the rollers 3 and 4. However, the first charging roller 4 may be made of a material that is easily charged negatively and has a weak adsorbing power with respect to dust in a discharged state, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).

  In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the first charging roller 4, a corona discharge device 6 for charging the surface of the first charging roller 4 to-is disposed. Accordingly, the positively charged dust 1 a existing on the image surface side of the print P moves to the surface of the first charging roller 4 by the Coulomb force of the first charging roller 4 charged negative. The surface of the first charging roller 4 is charged to a high voltage (for example, about 300 V or more) by the corona discharge device 6.

  In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the first charging roller 4, on the downstream side of the corona discharge device 6 with respect to the rotation direction of the first charging roller 4, static elimination for once neutralizing or weakening the charged state of the surface of the first charging roller 4. A device 8 is arranged. Accordingly, the neutralizing device 8 weakens the adsorption force with respect to the dust 1 a adsorbed on the surface of the first charging roller 4.

  Further, in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the first charging roller 4, a negative pressure formed by a vacuum pump or a blower on the downstream side of the static elimination device 8 and the upstream side of the corona discharge device 6 with respect to the rotation direction of the first charging roller 4. A first dust collecting device 10a that collects dust 1 from the first charging roller 4 by pressure is disposed. That is, the dust 1 whose adsorption power is weakened by the static eliminator 8 is collected by a first dust collecting device 10a into a dust collecting bottle (not shown).

(Second dust removal part)
The second dust removing portion D2 includes a second charging roller 12 disposed so as to face the image surface of the print P fed by the first dust removing portion D1, and an auxiliary roller 14 disposed above the second charging roller 12. Have Each of the second charging roller 12 and the auxiliary roller 14 is made of a resin brush roller, and the tip ends of the brushes of both rollers are arranged to overlap each other by at least about 2 to 5 mm. The second charging roller 12 is driven to rotate at a peripheral speed synchronized with the conveyance speed of the print P by a driving source common to the conveyance roller 3.

  The second charging roller 12 is composed of a nylon brush roller, while the auxiliary roller 14 is composed of an acrylic brush roller that is arranged on the negative side of the charging train in the negative direction. Is charged to + by friction with the auxiliary roller 14, and the auxiliary roller 14 is charged to-. Therefore, when dust 1b charged negatively on the image surface side of the print P exists, the dust 1b is near the tip of the nylon hair by the Coulomb force generated around the tip of each nylon hair of the second charging roller 12. It is adsorbed by etc.

  The second charging roller 12 is disposed so as to be separated from the print P by at least 3 to 5 mm and separated from the first charging roller 4 of the first dust removing portion D1 by several cm downstream. The rotational speed and direction of the auxiliary roller 14 and the amount of overlap with the second charging roller 12 are such that the second charging roller 12 is positioned on the image surface side of the print P. It is configured such that it can be attracted by being attracted from a separated position and has a Coulomb force that does not attract the print P itself.

  For example, if the auxiliary roller 14 is rotated by the drive source in a direction opposite to the second charging roller 12 in a side view and at a peripheral speed equal to that of the second charging roller 12, the friction between the two rollers is small, and the second charging roller 12 The coulomb force generated in the is small. Even when the auxiliary roller 14 is separated from the drive source and is free to rotate, the friction is reduced. On the other hand, as illustrated by the arrow in FIG. 1, if the auxiliary roller 14 is rotated in the same direction as the second charging roller 12 in a side view, the friction between both rollers increases, and the coulomb generally generated in the second charging roller 12 is increased. The power increases.

Near the outer periphery of the second charging roller 12, a second dust collecting device 10b similar to the first dust collecting device 10a is disposed upstream of the auxiliary roller 14 in the rotation direction of the second charging roller 12. That is, the dust adsorbed near the peripheral surface of the second charging roller 12 or the dust scraped off from the peripheral surface of the second charging roller 12 by the acrylic hair of the auxiliary roller 14 is the second dust collecting device 10b. Is collected in a dust collection bottle (not shown).
In addition, as a brush roller which comprises the 2nd charging roller 12 and the auxiliary | assistant roller 14, a hair-like body of an applicable material is squeezed between two or more metal core materials, and the metal core material is twisted. By fixing over, what formed in the state which many hairs extended radially from the metal core material etc. can be used.

(Laminator)
As illustrated in FIG. 3, in the laminator unit 100, an operation is performed in which the covering sheet T is placed on the image surface side of the print P, and pasted by a pressing force from above and below by the pair of pressure rollers 22 a and 22 b. The covering sheet T is composed of a transparent protective film S and a release sheet B temporarily bonded to the back side of the protective film S. The protective film S is a protective layer S1 having light resistance and the like. And an adhesive layer S2 provided inside the protective layer S1. When the protective film S is attached to the print P by the adhesive layer S2, the release sheet B is peeled off from the protective film S and collected separately. As the covering sheet T, a long sheet having a width slightly larger than the width of the print P is used. An anchor layer may be provided between the protective layer S1 and the adhesive layer S2 in order to keep the bonding state between the two layers.

  In the above-described pasting operation, the pressing force from the pressure rollers 22a and 22b is applied to these three members while the print P is sandwiched between the upper covering sheet T and the lower auxiliary sheet R. The adhesive layer S2 of the protective film S exhibits a permanent adhesive force to the image surface side of the print P, but the auxiliary sheet R is made of a material that is difficult to work with the adhesive force of the adhesive layer S2.

Among the members constituting the laminator unit 100, the cover sheet holding shaft 16 that rotatably supports the unused roll-shaped cover sheet T and the release sheet B peeled from the cover sheet T are collected in a roll shape. A release sheet collecting shaft 17 is disposed above the transport path L of the print P.
On the other hand, below the transport path of the print P, the auxiliary sheet holding shaft 18a that rotatably supports the unused roll-shaped auxiliary sheet R and the protective film S are transferred to the image surface side of the print P. An auxiliary sheet collecting shaft 18b for collecting the used auxiliary sheet R in a roll shape is disposed.
Inside the covering sheet holding shaft 16 and the auxiliary sheet holding shaft 18a, a torque limiter or the like is provided as a rotation limiting mechanism for holding a predetermined tension on the covering sheet T and the auxiliary sheet R.

Between the covering sheet holding shaft 16 and the transport path L of the print P, a first deflection for making the approach angle of the covering sheet T with respect to the nip of the pressure rollers 22a and 22b close to the tangential direction of the pressure rollers 22a and 22b. A pulley 20a is rotatably provided.
Similarly, between the auxiliary sheet holding shaft 18a and the conveyance path L of the print P, the approach angle of the auxiliary sheet R with respect to the nip of the pressure rollers 22a and 22b is made closer to the tangential direction of the pressure rollers 22a and 22b. A second deflection pulley 20b is rotatably provided.

  Between the release sheet collecting shaft 17 and the transport path of the print P, a first branch guide 24a for branching the transport path of the release sheet B from the transport path of the print P is disposed. Similarly, a second branch guide 24b for branching the conveyance path of the auxiliary sheet R from the conveyance path of the print P is disposed above the auxiliary sheet collection shaft 18b.

  Inside the pair of pressure rollers 22a and 22b, heaters 23a and 23b made of a halogen lamp or the like for heating the print P, the covering sheet T, and the auxiliary sheet R while applying pressure are provided. Due to the action of the heaters 23a and 23b, the surface of the lower driving roller 22b that is rotationally driven by the driving source is about 50 to 70 ° C. The surface of the upper pressing roller 22a that is pressed against the driving roller 22b by a pressing means such as a spring. Is heated to about 90-110 ° C. That is, the adhesive layer S2 of the covering sheet T is activated by being heated by the rollers 22a and 22b, and the adhesive action by pressurization is strengthened.

  Both the pressure roller 22a and the drive roller 22b are configured such that the surface of a hollow metal roller is covered with an elastic member such as silicon rubber. The thickness of the elastic member covering the surface of the metal roller does not impair the heat conductivity from the heaters 23a, 23b, and the covering sheet T conveyed between the pressure roller 22a and the driving roller 22b. It is preferable to have a thickness that has sufficient elasticity to allow the print P to be sufficiently crimped.

  The print P having the protective film S coated (laminated) on the entire image surface side by the action of heat and pressure applied from the pressure rollers 22a and 22b is rotated and driven at a peripheral speed equal to that of the drive roller 22b. It is discharged from the laminator unit 100 by the roller 26. A print obtained by removing the excess protective film S protruding outside the print P is a completed print.

(Material of resin sheet)
The protective layer S1 of the covering sheet T is preferably excellent in adhesion to the print P, highly transparent, hardly discolored by heat or light, and excellent in chemical and physical barrier properties. Resins and vinyl acetate resins are preferred.
For the adhesive layer S2 of the covering sheet T, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin having transparency and exhibiting a strong adhesive force with the print P by heating, for example, a polyester resin.
The release sheet B of the covering sheet T preferably has heat resistance and mechanical strength that can stably maintain the shape under pressure and heating conditions, and good peelability from the protective layer S1. For example, it is preferable to use a film of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene naphthalate, or the like.
The auxiliary sheet E is preferably made of a material that allows the adhesive layer S2 of the covering sheet T to temporarily maintain an adhesive state with an appropriate adhesive force. For example, a film such as polyethylene terephthalate is preferably used.

[Another embodiment]
<1> The Coulomb force generated in the second charging roller 12 can be adjusted by the friction level with the auxiliary roller 14. Therefore, the friction generated between the rollers prevents the print P from being attracted to the second charging roller 12 and damaged by the Coulomb force generated in the second charging roller 12 while maintaining the dust adsorption force. A friction force adjusting mechanism for adjusting the force can be provided. The specific configuration of the frictional force adjusting mechanism can be realized by a mechanism for adjusting the speed difference between the rollers 12 and 14 or a mechanism for adjusting the overlapping length between the rollers 12 and 14. As a mechanism for adjusting the speed difference, a speed change mechanism may be provided between the auxiliary roller 14 and the drive source. As a mechanism for adjusting the overlapping length, for example, a mechanism is provided in which the shaft of the auxiliary roller 14 is supported in the long hole and the axis of the auxiliary roller 14 is displaced with respect to the second charging roller 12. It is feasible.

<2> FIG. 5 shows a dust removal unit 60 according to a second embodiment that does not require a high voltage circuit like a corona discharge device.
As in the above-described embodiment, the dust removal unit 60 includes a first dust removal portion D11 that mainly removes dust 1a charged positively and a second dust removal portion D12 that removes dust 1b mainly charged negatively. However, all of these dust removing portions are constituted by brush rollers.
The first dust removing portion D11 arranged on the upstream side is made of an acrylic first charging roller 32a arranged so as to face the image surface of the print P, and a nylon made arranged above the first charging roller 32a. And a first auxiliary roller 34a. The brush tips of both rollers 32a and 34a are arranged to overlap each other by at least about 2 to 5 mm.
The second dust removing portion D12 disposed on the downstream side includes a nylon second charging roller 32b disposed to face the image surface of the print P, and an acrylic resin disposed above the second charging roller 32b. And a second auxiliary roller 34b. The brush tips of both rollers 32b and 34b are arranged so as to overlap each other by at least about 2 to 5 mm.

Between the first charging roller 32a and the second charging roller 32b, as a means for transporting the print P toward the laminating unit 100, a pair of transport rollers 40a and 40b driven by a driving source such as a motor is provided. ing.
The first charging roller 32a of the first dust removing unit D11 and the second charging roller 32b of the second dust removing unit D12 are arranged at a distance of at least about 3 to 5 mm above the print P, and the transport roller pairs 40a and 40b are separated from each other. It is rotationally driven at a peripheral speed synchronized with the transport speed of the print P by a drive source common to the drive roller 40a constituting.

  The first charging roller 32a of the first dust removing portion D11 is configured by an acrylic brush roller, while the first auxiliary roller 34a is configured by a nylon brush roller that is arranged on the positive side of the charging column in the positive side. Therefore, the first charging roller 32a is negatively charged by friction with the first auxiliary roller 34a. Accordingly, the positively charged dust 1a existing on the image surface side of the print P is adsorbed by the Coulomb force generated around the tip of each acrylic hair of the first charging roller 32a.

  On the other hand, the second charging roller 32b of the second dust removing portion D12 is configured by a nylon brush roller, and the second auxiliary roller 34b is configured by an acrylic brush roller that is arranged on the negative side of the charging row from the nylon. Therefore, the second charging roller 32b is positively charged by friction with the second auxiliary roller 34b. Therefore, the negatively charged dust 1b existing on the image surface side of the print P is adsorbed by the Coulomb force generated around the tip of each nylon hair of the second charging roller 32b.

  The rotational speed and direction of the first auxiliary roller 34a, the amount of overlap with the first charging roller 32a, etc. are 3-5 mm of dust charged positively by the first charging roller 32a located on the image surface side of the print P. It is configured to have a Coulomb force that can be attracted by attracting from a position that is spaced apart and that does not attract the print P itself. Similarly, the rotational speed and rotational direction of the second auxiliary roller 34b and the amount of overlap with the second charging roller 32b are also determined from the position where the dust charged on the image surface side of the print P is separated by about 3 to 5 mm. It is configured to have a Coulomb force that can be attracted and attracted and that does not attract the print P itself.

  Near the outer periphery of the first charging roller 32a, a first dust collecting device 10c is disposed upstream of the first auxiliary roller 34a in the rotational direction of the first charging roller 32a. That is, dust adsorbed in the vicinity of the peripheral surface of the first charging roller 32a or dust scraped off from the first charging roller 32a by the nylon bristle of the first auxiliary roller 34a becomes dust by the first dust collecting device 10c. It is collected in a collection bottle (not shown). A second dust collecting device 10d similar to the first dust collecting device 10c is disposed near the outer periphery of the second charging roller 32b and upstream of the second auxiliary roller 34b in the rotational direction of the second charging roller 32b. Yes.

<3> One or both of the first auxiliary roller 34a and the second auxiliary roller 34b of the second embodiment may be configured as a fixed member that is not rotated, such as a general rubber roller or a rubber blade. In this case, the first charging roller 32a of the first dust removing portion D11 is not made of acrylic, but needs to be a brush roller made of polyethylene or vinyl chloride that is positioned on the negative side of the charging train with respect to the rubber.

<4> Since the dust removal device that adsorbs and removes only the dust charged to + − may sufficiently achieve the purpose, for example, the first dust removal portion D1 is omitted from the first embodiment, and the second Either + or-due to friction with auxiliary members having different charging tendencies, such as a form provided with only the dust removing part D2, or a form in which either the first dust removing part D11 or the second dust removing part D12 is omitted from the second embodiment It is also possible to implement in a form in which only one charging roller is charged on either side.

<5> The conveyance mechanism may move the pair of charging rollers with respect to the dust removal object instead of moving the dust removal object such as the print P.

  Production cost is relatively low with a dust removal device equipped with a rotating charging roller and a transport mechanism that moves the dust removal object and the charging roller relative to each other with the charging roller facing the object. Therefore, it can be used as a technique for improving compactness to an easy one.

B release sheet D1 1st dust removal part D2 2nd dust removal part D11 1st dust removal part (2nd Embodiment)
D12 2nd dust removal part (2nd Embodiment)
L Transport path P Print R Auxiliary sheet S Protective film S1 Protective layer S2 Adhesive layer T Cover sheet 1a Dust (charged to +)
1b Dust (charged to-)
2 Conveying Guide 3 Conveying Roller 4 First Charging Roller 6 Corona Discharge Device 8 Neutralizing Device 10a First Dust Collecting Device 10c First Dust Collecting Device (Second Embodiment)
10d Second dust collector (second embodiment)
12 Second charging roller 14 Auxiliary roller 10b Second dust collecting device 32a First charging roller 32b Second charging roller 34a First auxiliary roller 34b Second auxiliary roller 50 Dust removing unit (dust removing device)
60 dust removal unit (dust removal device, second embodiment)
80a Discharge unit (inkjet printer)
100 Laminator 150 Coating Device

Claims (7)

A charging roller that is rotated,
A transport mechanism that relatively moves the dust removal object and the charging roller in a state where the charging roller faces the object;
The dust removing apparatus, wherein the charging roller is configured to be charged by friction between the charging roller and an auxiliary member having a different charging tendency.   The dust removing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the charging roller is a charging brush roller.   The dust removing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the charging brush roller is rotated with respect to the object in a non-contact state.   4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a second charging roller disposed to face the object, wherein the second charging roller is charged with a polarity different from that of the charging roller. Dust removal equipment.   The dust removing device according to claim 4, wherein the second charging roller is charged by friction between the second charging roller and a second auxiliary member having a different charging tendency.   The dust removing device according to claim 4, wherein the second charging roller is charged by a corona discharge device.   The dust removing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a friction force adjusting mechanism that adjusts a friction force generated between the charging roller and the auxiliary member.

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