JP2011182585A - Charge control device and vehicle loading the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a charge control device, capable of reducing a total charging cost in consideration of power consumption requiring for putting in advance an energy storage unit in a state ready for charging. <P>SOLUTION: A charge control ECU17 computes a temperature-change time t<SB>2</SB>required for cooling or heating a battery by a cooler 13 or a heater 14 in consideration of a battery temperature. The charge control ECU computes a first power required for charge at a time when the charging time t<SB>1</SB>of the battery 2 is secured for a time from a charge-commenceable time to a vehicle starting time and a second power required for cooling or heating the battery 2 at the temperature-change time t<SB>2</SB>while using the time obtained by adding the temperature-change time t<SB>2</SB>to a present time as the charge-commenceable time. The cooler 13 or the heater 14 is controlled so that the total of electric rates converting the first power and the second power on the basis of an electric rate system having differences by time zones is minimized, and charging the battery 2 is carried out from an external power supply X. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a charge control device that controls a power storage state of power storage means that is mounted on a vehicle and that can be charged by power supplied from an external power source, and a vehicle on which the charge control device is mounted.

  Conventionally, in a vehicle equipped with power storage means, in a charge control device that externally charges the power storage means, the required charge amount Q is obtained from a plurality of types of power sources (midnight power, daytime power, power generated by a solar power generator). Among them, the battery is charged using the period from the charging start time to the scheduled departure time so that the power can be charged the most with the cheap power (see paragraphs [0036] and [0042] in Patent Document 1 below). .

JP 2009-148121 A

  However, in the conventional charge control device, the required charge amount Q is preferentially charged with power with a low power unit price (for example, late-night power), and power is consumed to make the battery chargeable in advance. In some cases, such power consumption is not taken into consideration.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention is equipped with a charge control device and a charge control device capable of reducing the total charge cost in consideration of the power consumption required to precharge the power storage means. The object is to provide a vehicle.

A charge control device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a charge control device that is mounted on a vehicle and controls a storage state of a storage unit that can be charged by power supplied from an external power source,
In view of the power storage state of the power storage means, a charge time calculation means for calculating a charge time required to charge the power storage means;
In view of the state of the power storage means, the time obtained by adding the time obtained by adding the charge preparation time required to make the power storage means suitable for charging by the charge preparation means to the current time is defined as the charge startable time. First calculating means for calculating first power required for charging when the charging time is secured between a startable time and a departure time of the vehicle;
Second calculating means for calculating second power required to make the power storage means chargeable during the charge preparation time;
An electric charge obtained by converting the first electric power and the second electric power based on an electric charge system having a difference in height according to a time zone, among a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the charging preparation means and the charging start time of the power storage means. The charging preparation means is controlled in accordance with the one combination that minimizes the total of the above, and charging from the external power source to the power storage means is executed.

  According to the charge control device of the first aspect of the present invention, the first power required for charging the power storage means and the power storage means in a state in which the power storage means can be charged among a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the charge preparation means and the charging start time of the power storage means. The second electric power required for adjustment is converted into an electric charge based on an electric charge system having a difference in height depending on the time zone, and according to the one combination that minimizes the total of the electric charge, the charging preparation means Control and charging from the external power source to the power storage means are executed. Thus, by considering the second electric power converted into an electric charge, the total charging cost is increased as a result because it does not take into account that electric power is consumed to make the electric storage means in a state where electric power can be stored in advance. This can be avoided and the total charge cost can be reduced.

The charge control device of the second invention is the first invention,
The charging preparation means is a temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature of the power storage means,
The temperature required to bring the power storage means to a temperature suitable for charging by the temperature adjusting means when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the power storage means is outside the temperature range suitable for charging the power storage means. Calculate the change time as the charge preparation time,
A time obtained by adding the temperature change time to the current time as the charge startable time, the first power required for charging when the charge time is secured between the charge startable time and the departure time of the vehicle; The second electric power required for adjusting the temperature of the power storage means during the temperature change time is calculated.

  According to the charging control device of the second invention, among the plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the temperature adjusting means and the charging start time of the power storage means, it is necessary to charge the power storage means between the charge startable time and the next departure time. The first electric power and the second electric power required for adjusting the temperature of the power storage means are converted into electric charges based on an electric charge system having a difference in height depending on the time of day, and the combination in which the total of the electric charges is minimized Accordingly, the control of the temperature adjusting means and the charging from the external power source to the power storage means are executed. Thus, by considering the second electric power converted into an electric charge, it is not considered that electric power is consumed to adjust the power storage means to a temperature suitable for charging in advance. It is possible to avoid the increase, and the total charge cost can be reduced.

The charge control device of the third invention is the second invention,
When the operation mode of the temperature adjusting means is natural cooling that does not operate the temperature adjusting means, the time required for natural cooling is calculated as the temperature change time.

  According to the charge control device of the third aspect of the invention, natural cooling that does not require the second electric power can be employed as one aspect of the temperature control method for the power storage means. Moreover, the charging startable time can be calculated by setting the natural cooling time as the temperature change time. Furthermore, the second electric power in this case is set to 0, and the first electric power required for charging the power storage means can be converted into an electric charge based on the charge system from a time zone after the charging start possible time. As a result, it is possible to select the one that minimizes the total electricity bill, including a natural cooling method that does not depend on the temperature control means, and the power consumption required to adjust the power storage means to a temperature suitable for charging in advance. The total charge cost can be reduced in consideration of time.

A charge control device of a fourth invention is the third invention,
An electric charge obtained by converting the first electric power when the electric storage means is charged after the natural cooling is performed based on the electric charge system and a temperature suitable for charging the electric storage means by the temperature adjusting means. The first power and the second power when the power storage means is charged after the adjustment is compared with the electric charge converted based on the electric charge system, and according to the case where the electric charge is minimized, The temperature adjusting means is controlled, and charging from the external power source to the power storage means is executed.

  According to the charging control device of the fourth aspect of the invention, when natural cooling is performed, the electricity charge corresponding to the second electric power is not necessary, but the chargeable start time is delayed and the electricity charge is low in a time zone where the electricity charge is low. It may be difficult to ensure all of the charging time. Therefore, the total electricity charge can be obtained by comparing the electricity charge when natural cooling is performed with the electricity charge when the temperature adjustment means is set to a temperature suitable for charging and the charge start time is advanced. The minimum charge can be selected to reduce the total charge cost.

The charge control device of the fifth invention is any one of the second to fourth inventions,
The temperature adjusting means is actuated by electric power directly supplied from the external power supply connected via the external power supply connecting means.

  According to the charge control device of the fifth aspect of the invention, the power loss caused by the charge / discharge when the power is supplied from the power storage means by directly operating the temperature adjusting means by the power supplied from the external power source is avoided. Thus, the total charging cost can be reduced when the temperature of the power storage unit is adjusted by the temperature adjusting unit.

A charge control device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, according to any one of the second to fifth aspects,
The temperature adjusting means is operated by electric power supplied from the power storage means,
Supplying the second power, which is a decrease in the remaining capacity of the power storage means due to power supply to the temperature adjusting means, from the external power source to the power storage means together with charging of the power storage means, and supplying the second power to the power storage means It is characterized by converting to electricity charges based on the charge system.

  According to the charging control device of the sixth aspect of the invention, the temperature of the power storage means is adjusted with the electric power supplied from the power storage means to the temperature adjustment means, and the remaining capacity of the power storage means that has decreased due to the temperature adjustment is subsequently converted to an external power source. To the power storage means. As a result, it is possible to broaden the variation of the timing of temperature adjustment by the temperature adjustment means and the conversion timing of the electricity charge required for temperature adjustment. It is possible to reduce the charging cost.

The charge control device of the seventh invention is the sixth invention,
When it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the power storage means in advance by the temperature adjusting means,
After the electric power is supplied from the electric storage means to the temperature adjusting means and the electric storage means is adjusted to a temperature suitable for charging, the remaining capacity of the electric storage means is reduced by the electric power supplied to the temperature adjusting means. When the two electric power is supplied to the electric storage means from the external power source together with the charging of the electric storage means, the first electric power and the second electric power converted based on the electric charge system, and the external electric power source Based on the electricity bill system, the first power and the second power when charging the power storage means after supplying power to the temperature adjusting means and adjusting the power storage means to a temperature suitable for charging. Then, according to the case where the electricity rate is minimized, the power supply to the temperature adjusting unit and the charging to the power storage unit from the external power source are executed according to the case where the electricity rate is minimized.

  According to the charge control device of the seventh aspect of the invention, when the temperature of the power storage means is adjusted in advance with the electric power supplied from the power storage means to the temperature adjustment means, charging / discharging loss of the power storage means may occur, but compared with the temperature change time. Since the time required to supply the second power required for temperature control from the external power source to the power storage means is very short, the time for receiving the power supply from the external power source can be shortened, and the electricity charge is low. It is possible to intensively supply power (including charging) to the power storage means in an appropriate time zone. Therefore, comparing the electricity charge when adjusting the temperature of the electricity storage means with the power supplied from the electricity storage means and the electricity charge when adjusting the temperature of the electricity storage means with the power supplied directly from the external power source It is possible to reduce the total charging cost by selecting the one with the minimum total electricity bill.

  A vehicle according to an eighth aspect includes the charge control device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, and the power storage means.

  According to the vehicle of the eighth aspect of the invention, when the charging control device is mounted on the vehicle, the power storage means needs to be in a state suitable for charging due to an environmental change or the like when the vehicle is used or not used. Of the plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the charge preparation means and the charging start time of the power storage means, the control of the charge preparation means and the external power supply Charging is performed. As a result, it is possible to avoid an increase in the total charge cost as a result of not considering that power is consumed in order to make the power storage unit ready to store power, and to reduce the total charge cost. Can do.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a vehicle on which a power supply system according to a first embodiment is mounted. The flowchart which shows the processing content by charge control ECU of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the method of estimating cooling time and heating time. Explanatory drawing which shows the method of estimating charging time. Explanatory drawing when natural cooling is selected from charging cost. Explanatory drawing when the cooling by a cooling means is selected from charging cost. The figure which shows an example of the time area | region where natural cooling is selected, and the time area | region where the cooling by a cooling means is selected. The whole block diagram of the vehicle carrying the power supply system of 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the minimization of the charging cost in the charging system of 2nd Embodiment. The whole block diagram of the vehicle which shows the example of a change of the power supply system of 1st Embodiment.

[First embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, the power supply system of this Embodiment is mounted in a hybrid vehicle (equivalent to the vehicle of this invention), for example.

  The hybrid vehicle is a four-wheel drive vehicle, and is a first motor 3 and a second motor 4 that are rotated by electric power supplied from an engine 1 that is an internal combustion engine and a battery 2 (corresponding to power storage means of the present invention). Also corresponds to the electric motor of the present invention) and a main ECU 5 (Electric Control Unit) that centrally manages and controls the engine 1, the first motor 3, the second motor 4, and the like. The main ECU 5 is a microcomputer (not shown) including a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an input / output interface, a timer, and the like. Process according to the data.

  Further, the hybrid vehicle is driven by a PDU (Power Drive Unit) 6 that controls electric power of the first motor 3 and the second motor 4, front wheels 7 that are driven by the engine 1 and the first motor 3, and the second motor 4. And a rear wheel 8 to be operated.

  The engine 1 and the first motor 3 are connected to a common drive shaft, and drive the front wheels 7 via a gear mechanism, a differential gear, and the like (both not shown). Similarly, the second motor 4 drives the rear wheel 8 via a gear mechanism, a differential gear, and the like (both not shown).

  The first motor 3 and the second motor 4 also function as a generator under the control of the PDU 6. That is, the first motor 3 can generate power by receiving driving force from the engine 1 or the front wheel 7 and can charge the battery 2, and the second motor 4 can generate power by receiving driving force from the rear wheel 8. The battery 2 can be charged.

  Next, the structure of the power supply system mounted in this hybrid vehicle is demonstrated.

  In addition to the battery 2, the power supply system includes at least the SOC detection means 11 that detects the state of charge of the battery 2, the temperature sensor 12 that detects the temperature of the battery 2, and the cooling means 13 that cools the battery 2 (in the present invention). A temperature adjusting means), a heating means 14 for heating the battery 2 (corresponding to a temperature adjusting means of the present invention), a battery 2, a cooling means 13 and a heating means 14 for connecting to an external power source X. A charge control ECU 17 (corresponding to the charge control device of the present invention) that controls charging of the battery 2 from the external power source X based on the detected value of the connector 15, the time management means 16, the temperature detection means 12, etc. Prepare.

  The battery 2 mounted in the power supply system is, for example, a lithium ion battery, and the output voltage varies in the range of about 300V to 500V.

  The SOC detection means 11 estimates the open circuit voltage of the battery 2 from the output voltage and output current of the battery 2, and a map or data table that defines the relationship between the estimated open circuit voltage and the SOC (State of Charge) that is the amount of charge. (Hereinafter referred to as a map or the like), the SOC of the battery 2 is estimated.

  The temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature of the battery 2 at a predetermined processing cycle, and outputs the measured value to the charge control ECU 17.

  The cooling unit 13 is, for example, a cooling fan for cooling the battery 2 and is controlled by a control signal from the charge control ECU 17. Similarly, the heating means 14 is, for example, a heating wire provided in the battery 2 so as to heat the battery 2 and is controlled by a control signal from the charge control ECU 17. The cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 are operated by electric power supplied from the external power source X via the connector 15, but a commercial AC power source is connected to the DC rating between the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 and the connector 15. An AC / DC converter 18 for converting the voltage is provided.

  The connector 15 is an outlet inserted into the socket Y of the external power supply X. Note that the connector 15 and the socket Y are provided with a PLC modem or the like that performs communication between the external power source X and the charging control ECU 17 as necessary, and authentication of the vehicle at the time of charging is performed.

  The time management means 16 is a clock for managing date and time. The time management unit 16 may be configured inside the charge control ECU 17.

  The charge control ECU 17 is based on at least the estimated SOC value of the battery 2 output from the SOC detection means 11, the measured temperature of the battery 2 output from the temperature sensor 12, and the current time output from the time management means 16. Controls the charging of the battery 2 from the external power source X, and controls the operation of the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 when it is necessary to operate the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 as preprocessing (preparation) of charging. To do.

  More specifically, the charge control ECU 17 includes first calculation means 17A and second calculation means 17B. The first calculation means calculates the first power required to supply power from the external power source X and charge the battery 2. On the other hand, when it is necessary to operate the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14, the second calculation unit 17 </ b> B calculates the second power required to operate the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14. Then, the charge control ECU 17 sets the first electric power and the second electric power among the plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14 and the charging start time of the battery 2 with the difference in height depending on the time zone. The operation of the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14 is controlled according to the one combination that minimizes the total electricity bill converted based on the system, and the battery 2 is charged from the external power source X.

  Supplementally, the “operation mode of the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14” includes not only the timing of these operations (the time from the start to the end) but also natural cooling and natural heating that do not operate them.

  Next, the processing content by the charge control ECU 17 will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, the charging control ECU 17 determines whether or not the vehicle is in a stopped state and is IG-OFF (FIG. 2 / STEP 1), and when the vehicle is stopped and is in an IG-OFF state (FIG. 2 / YES in STEP 1), it is determined whether or not the connector 15 is connected to the outlet Y of the external power source X (FIG. 2 / STEP 2).

  Next, when the connector 15 is in a state where power can be supplied from the external power source X connected to the outlet Y (YES in STEP 2 in FIG. 2), the charging control ECU 17 performs first to third processing for calculating charging costs. Are executed in parallel. On the other hand, when the vehicle is stopped and not IG-OFF (NO in FIG. 2 / STEP1) or when the connector 15 is not connected (NO in FIG. 2 / STEP2), the process returns to STEP1 to stop the vehicle. Etc. are determined again.

  Next, the first process for calculating the charging cost will be described.

  In the first process, the charging control ECU 17 acquires the current time from the time management unit 16 (FIG. 2 / STEP 11).

  Next, the charging control ECU 17 calculates the time from the current time until the start of the midnight power time zone (in the present embodiment, 23: 00 to the next morning 7:00) (FIG. 2 / STEP 12).

  Next, the second process will be described.

  In the second process, the charging control ECU 17 first acquires the measured temperature T of the battery 2 from the temperature sensor 12 (FIG. 2 / STEP 21).

  Next, the charging control ECU 17 determines whether or not the acquired measured temperature T of the battery 2 is within a temperature range (Ta ≦ T ≦ Tb) suitable for charging the battery 2 (FIG. 2 / STEP 22).

  Here, the temperature range suitable for charging the battery 2 is a temperature range determined by the lower threshold temperature Ta and the upper threshold temperature Tb. The lower limit threshold temperature Ta is a temperature (for example, 10 [° C.]) set to prevent this because the maximum current that can be applied during charging is low at low temperatures. On the other hand, the upper threshold temperature Tb is a temperature (for example, 60 [° C.]) set in consideration of the heat resistance of the battery 2 and the like.

  In addition, when supplementing the upper limit threshold temperature Tb, since charging of the battery 2 is usually an exothermic reaction, the battery 2 immediately exceeds the upper limit temperature when charging is started at the rated upper limit temperature. The temperature lower than the rated upper limit temperature by a certain temperature is set as the upper limit threshold temperature Tb here.

  When the measured temperature T of the battery 2 is within the temperature range suitable for charging (YES in FIG. 2 / STEP 22), the charging control ECU 17 ends the second process, and the measured temperature T of the battery 2 is charged. If it is outside the temperature range suitable for (NO in FIG. 2 / STEP22), it is determined whether or not the measured temperature of the battery 2 is higher than the upper threshold temperature Tb (FIG. 2 / STEP23).

  When the measured temperature T of the battery 2 is higher than the upper threshold temperature Tb (YES in FIG. 2 / STEP 23), the charging control ECU 17 estimates the cooling time until the temperature of the battery 2 reaches the upper threshold temperature Tb. The second process is finished (FIG. 2 / STEP 24).

  On the other hand, when the measured temperature T of the battery 2 is not higher than the upper limit threshold temperature Tb (NO in FIG. 2 / STEP 23), the charging control ECU 17 assumes that the temperature of the battery 2 is lower than the lower limit threshold temperature Ta. The heating time until the temperature reaches the lower limit threshold temperature Ta is estimated, and the second process is terminated (FIG. 2 / STEP 25).

  The details of the method for estimating the cooling time and the heating time by the charge control ECU 17 (FIG. 2 / STEP 24 and STEP 25) will be described later.

  Next, the third process will be described.

  In the third process, the charging control ECU 17 first acquires the SOC of the battery 2 from the SOC detection means 11 (FIG. 2 / STEP 31).

  Next, the charging control ECU 17 estimates the time (charging time) required until the SOC of the battery 2 is fully charged from the obtained SOC of the battery 2 (FIG. 2 / STEP 32).

  Details of the charging time estimation method by the charging control ECU 17 will be described later.

  When the first to third processes are completed, the charging control ECU 17 calculates the charging cost for each of a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14 and the charging start time of the battery 2 (FIG. 2 / (STEP 40).

Here, the operation mode of the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14, in (I) of FIG. 5 to be described later, corresponding be time t ₂₁ actuating the cooling means 13 23:00 is the start time of the midnight power time zone In (II), natural cooling that does not activate the cooling means 13 corresponds to the time t ₂₂ from the current time 19:00. The charging start time of the battery, the (I), a starting time and time when the time _{t 21} elapses 23:00 is the midnight power time zone, (II) At the time chosen time _{t 22} elapses from the current time It is.

Similarly, in FIG. 6 to be described later, the operation mode of the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14 corresponds to operating the time t ₂₁ cooling means 13 from 1:00 which is the current time in (III), and (IV in), between 1:00 is the current time in the time _{t 22,} natural cooling is applicable to not activate the cooling means 13. In (III), the charging start time of the battery is a time when the time t _{21 has} elapsed from the current time 1:00, and in (IV), the time when the time t _{22 has} elapsed from the current time 1:00. It is.

  Next, the charging control ECU 17 selects a charging method that minimizes the calculated charging cost from among a plurality of combinations (FIG. 2 / STEP 50), and ends the series of processes.

  The charging control ECU 17 calculates the charging cost for a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14 and the charging start time of the battery 2, and selects the one that minimizes the charging cost (see FIG. Details of 2 / STEP 40, 50) will be described later.

  Next, a method for estimating the cooling time and the heating time by the charge control ECU 17 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The charge control ECU 17 includes (1) a cooling curve, a table, and the like that define the relationship between the measured temperature of the battery 2 and the cooling temperature of the battery according to the cooling time by the cooling means 13, and (2) the measured temperature of the battery 2. And a cooling curve, a table, etc. that define the relationship between the cooling temperature of the battery according to the natural cooling time by natural cooling without using the cooling means 13, and (3) the measured temperature of the battery 2 and the heating time by the heating means 13 A heating curve, a table and the like that define the relationship with the heating temperature of the battery according to the above are stored in an internal memory (not shown).

Then, in view of the battery measurement temperature T acquired in STEP 21, the charging control ECU 17 (1) the battery measurement temperature T is cooled by the cooling means 13 and is the upper limit threshold when the battery measurement temperature T exceeds the upper limit threshold temperature Tb. and cooling time t ₂₁ until the temperature Tb, (2) a natural cooling time t ₂₂ to the battery measured temperature T is the upper limit threshold temperature Tb in natural cooling, estimated on the basis of each of the cooling curve or table or the like (FIG. 2 / STEP 24).

In the present embodiment, the charging control ECU 17 sets the point at which the battery measurement temperature T (in IG-OFF) acquired in STEP 21 on the cooling curve or the natural cooling curve is time 0 as the time between the cooling curve and the upper threshold temperature Tb. the intersection and cooling time t _21, estimates the intersection of the natural cooling curve and the upper threshold temperature Tb as the cooling time t _22.

On the other hand, the battery if the measured temperature T is below the lower threshold temperature Ta is (3) the battery measured temperature T is heating means 14 lower threshold temperature Ta and heating time until t ₂₃ of the heating curve or table or the like by heating with (STEP 25 in FIG. 2).

In the present embodiment, the charging control ECU 17 sets the point at which the battery measured temperature T (in IG-OFF) acquired in STEP 21 on the heating curve is time 0, and the intersection of the heating curve and the lower threshold temperature Ta is the heating time. It estimated as t _23.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, a charging time estimation method by the charging control ECU 17 will be described later.

The charging control ECU 17 includes an SOC curve, a table, and the like that define the relationship between the current SOC of the battery 2 and the SOC of the battery 2 according to the time when power is supplied from the external power source X. In the present embodiment, the charging control ECU 17 sets the point on the SOC curve that becomes the SOC (in IG-OFF) acquired in STEP 31 as time 0, and sets the intersection of the SOC curve and the SOC at the time of full charging as the charging time t _1. Estimate as

  Next, referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the charging control ECU 17, which has been described later, calculates the charging cost for a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14 and the charging start time of the battery 2. And the process (FIG. 2 / STEP40, 50) which selects the thing from which charging cost becomes the minimum among them is demonstrated.

  In this process, the charging control ECU 17 starts the vehicle from the charging startable time using the charging start time as the time obtained by adding the cooling time / natural cooling time or heating time acquired in STEP24 or STEP25 to the current time acquired in STEP11. Electricity rate converted from the first power required for charging when the charging time of STEP32 is secured up to the time and the second power required for heating or cooling based on an electricity rate system having a difference in height depending on the time zone Is calculated as the charging cost (FIG. 2 / STEP 40), and the one that minimizes the charging cost is selected (FIG. 2 / STEP 50).

  For example, with reference to FIG. 5, a description will be given of a case where natural cooling is selected as the one that minimizes the charging cost when the battery 2 must be cooled (YES in FIG. 2 / STEP 23).

In the case of FIG. 5, (I) the charging cost when operating the cooling means 13 is minimized when the cooling means 13 is turned on by the midnight power supplied from the external power source X after the midnight power time zone. after actuated by cooling time t _21, the case where supplying midnight power from an external power source X to the battery 2 charging time t ₁ executes the charge. In contrast, in the case of natural cooling without actuating the (II) cooling means 13, after naturally cooling the natural cooling time t ₂₂ by the battery 2 from the current time, and supplies the midnight electric power supplied from an external power source X In this case, charging is performed for the charging time t ₁ . Comparing (I) and (II), charging cost is minimized in (II) because the cooling means 13 is not operated (second power is not required), and (II) is selected.

More precisely, the charging cost C (I) in the case of (I) in which cooling is performed by the cooling means 13 is A [yen / kw · h] when the electricity rate per unit time in the midnight power time zone is
C (I) = A · t ₂₁ + A · t ₁
It becomes.

On the other hand, the charging cost C (II) in the case of natural cooling (II) without using the cooling means 13 is
C (II) = A · t ₁
It becomes. Therefore, when C (I) and C (II) are compared, the charge control ECU 17 can reduce the charging cost by A · t ₂₁ by the natural cooling (II). ) Is selected.

  When supplementing (I) in FIG. 5, if the current time is 19:00, the charging startable time (for example, the time when the cooling means 13 adds the cooling time t1 (for example, 10 minutes) to the current time (for example, 19:10) and thereafter, since it is sufficient to secure the charging time t1 of STEP 32, the electricity charge of the first power required for charging the battery 2 is the minimum value in the case of charging in the midnight power time zone. On the other hand, since the second electric power required to operate the cooling means 13 is supplied from the external power source X, the electricity charge of the second electric power is minimized during the midnight power hours, and cooling is performed outside the midnight power hours. If done, the electricity bill for the second power is higher than this. Therefore, (I) of FIG. 5 exemplifies a case where cooling by the cooling unit 13 and charging of the battery 2 are performed in the midnight power time period, assuming that the charging cost when the cooling unit 13 is operated is minimized. did.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a description will be given of a case where the cooling by the cooling means 13 is selected as the one that minimizes the charging cost when the battery 2 must be cooled (YES in FIG. 2 / STEP 23). .

First, as shown in (III), when the cooling means 13 is operated, the total charging cost is already in the midnight power time zone, so the cooling means 13 is immediately turned on by the midnight power supplied from the external power source X. after actuated by cooling time t _21, the minimum in the case of charging time t1 executes charging by supplying midnight power from an external power source X to the battery 2. In contrast, as shown in (IV), in the case of natural cooling without actuating the cooling means 13, after naturally cooling the natural cooling time t ₂₂ by the battery 2 from the current time, midnight supplied from the external power source X supplies power to the charging time t ₁ executes the charge. Comparing these (III) and (IV), in (IV), the electricity charge of the second power in the midnight power time zone is unnecessary due to natural cooling, but it exceeds the midnight power time zone (next morning 7: Since charging of the battery 2 is executed (beyond 00), (III) is selected as the one with the lowest charging cost.

More precisely, the charging cost C (III) in the case of (III) in which cooling is performed by the cooling means 13 is A [yen / kw · h] when the electricity rate per unit time in the midnight power time zone is
C (I) = A · t ₂₁ + A · t ₁
It becomes.

On the other hand, the charge cost C (IV) in the case of natural cooling (IV) without using the cooling means 13 is that the electricity rate per unit time in the daytime period other than midnight power is B [yen / kw · h]. ,
C (IV) = A · (t ₁ −t _out ) + B · t _out
It becomes. Therefore, when C (I) and C (II) are compared, the charging cost differs _depending on the size relationship between A · t ₂₁ and (B−A) · t _out .

Here, considering that the electricity bill for daytime is about three times the electricity bill for midnight power, and B = 3A, the relationship between C (I) and C (II) is t ₂₁ , Although determined by the magnitude relationship between 2t _out, t21 temperature change time are the short (e.g., about 10 _minutes), from _t 21 << 2 _· t _out, better by forced cooling (III), the charging cost Since it can be kept low, the charging control ECU 17 selects the mode (III) by forced cooling.

  In view of the above, FIG. 7 shows a time region in which forced cooling by the cooling means 13 is advantageous in view of the charging cost and a time in which natural cooling is advantageous in view of the charging cost in relation to the current time (IG-OFF). It shows the area. This time region differs depending on the measured temperature and cooling time of the battery 2, and also the SOC and charging time t1 of the battery 2, but roughly has a relationship as shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 7, when there is a certain amount of time before the start of midnight power before the start of the midnight power time zone, it is advantageous to select natural cooling. On the other hand, after the midnight power time zone is reached, it is advantageous to employ the cooling method by the cooling means 13 from the viewpoint of ensuring the maximum charging time t1 in the midnight power time zone.

  The above is the contents of processing by the charge control ECU 17. According to the charge control ECU 17 of the present embodiment, the first power required for charging the battery 2 from the charge startable time to the next departure time, and the storage means The cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 are controlled so that the second electric power required for temperature adjustment is converted into an electric charge based on an electric charge system having a height difference depending on the time zone, and the total of the electric charge is minimized. At the same time, the battery 2 is charged from the external power source X. Thus, by considering the second electric power converted into an electric charge, the result is that the electric power is consumed to adjust the battery 2 to a temperature suitable for charging in advance of charging. An increase in the total charge cost can be avoided, and the total charge cost can be reduced.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a modified example of the power supply system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that this embodiment is different from the above embodiment only in the configuration for supplying power from the battery 2 to the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14, and therefore the same components as in the above embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiment. The description is abbreviate | omitted using the same referential mark.

  In the power supply system of this embodiment, the battery 2, the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 are connected via a DC / DC converter 19.

  According to the power supply system of the present embodiment, the charging control ECU 17 supplies power from the battery 2 to operate the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14 to heat or cool the battery 2, thereby A method of replenishing the decrease in the SOC together with the charging of the battery 2 (at STEPs 40 and 50 in FIG. 2) can be selected.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the time period when the electricity rate is low is short, power is supplied from the battery 2 to the cooling unit 13 or the heating unit 14 in advance to cool or heat the battery. It may be effective to recharge the battery 2 and replenish the power consumption of the SOC required for heating or cooling during a time period when the charge is low.

  Specifically, when the time zone of the late-night electricity rate at which the electricity rate is low is from 3:00 to 6:00, the charging control ECU 17 selects the most electricity from (I) ′ to (IV) ′. You can select the one with the lowest charge.

For (I) ', immediately from the IG-OFF current time (2:40), the cooling of the battery 2 with electric power supplied from an external power source X (heating) time _{t 21} performs, 3 of midnight power time zone From 0:00, the battery 2 is charged for time t1.

For (II) ', IG-OFF current time (2:40) immediately from the electric power supplied from the battery 2 of the battery 2 cooling (heating) time _{t 21} performs, the midnight power time zone 3: The battery 2 is charged from 00 at time t ₁ , and the power required for cooling (heating) is supplied from the external power supply X to the battery 2 after time t ₂ ′.

For (III) ', midnight power time zone: in (3 00), cooling (heating) time _{t 21} performs the battery 2 with electric power supplied from an external power supply X, followed by the charging of the battery 2 perform time _{t 1.} However, in this case, the charging time t ₁ of the battery 2, it can not be ensured in the midnight power time zone, resulting in over the time t _{out 'only} noon time.

(IV) in the case of 'midnight power time zone (3: 00), the cooling of the battery 2 with electric power supplied from the battery 2 (heating) time _{t 21} performs, performs time _{t 1} the charging of the battery 2 At the same time, the power required for cooling (heating) after the charging of the battery 2 is completed is supplied from the external power source X to the battery 2 for a time t ₂ ′. However, in this case, the charging time t ₁ of the battery 2, can not be ensured in the midnight power time zone, _'with the result across the only noon time, time t _2' time t _out would also become a noon time .

In the case of (I) ′ to (IV) ′, first, (IV) ′, which does not minimize the electricity charge compared to (II) ′, is excluded, and the charging time t ₁ of the battery 2 is changed to the midnight power time. Also excluded is (III) ′ which cannot be secured with a belt.

  Among (I) ′ and (II) ′, the total charging cost obtained by converting the first electric power required for charging the battery 2 and the second electric power required for cooling (heating) the battery 2 into an electric charge is minimum. To choose. For this reason, even when charging / discharging loss of the battery 2 is taken into account, the total charge cost is minimum in the case of (II) ′ in which the first power and the second power are all supplied from the external power X in the midnight power time zone. Selected as the case.

More precisely, the charging cost in the case of (I) ′ to (IV) ′ in which cooling by the cooling means 13 is performed, the electricity rate per unit time in the midnight power time zone is A [yen / kw · h], midnight When the electricity rate per unit time in daytime other than electricity is calculated as B [yen / kw · h],
C (I) ′ = B · t ₂₁ + A · t ₁
C (II) ′ = A · t ₁ + A · t ₂ ′
C (III) ′ = A · t ₂₁ + A · (t ₁ −t _out ′) + B · t _out ′
C (IV) ′ = A · (t ₁ −t _out ′) + B · (t _out ′ + t ₂ ′)
It becomes. Taking this into consideration that the electricity bill for daytime is about three times the electricity bill for late-night power, B = 3A,
C (I) ′ = 3 A · t ₂₁ + A · t ₁
= A (3t ₂₁ + t ₁ )
C (II) ′ = A · t ₁ + A · t ₂ ′
= A (t ₁ + t ₂ ′)
C (III) ′ = A · t ₂₁ + A · (t ₁ −t _out ′) + 3A · t _out ′
= A (t ₂₁ + t ₁ + 2t _out ′)
C (IV) ′ = A · (t ₁ −t _out ′) + 3A · (t _out ′ + t ₂ ′)
= A · (t ₁ + 2t _out '+ 3t ₂ ')
It becomes. Therefore, when C (II) ′ and C (IV) ′ are compared, first, C (IV) ′ is excluded because it is not minimized.

Considering that the second power itself is all common, comparing C (II) ′ and C (IV) ′ from A · t ₂₁ ≈A · t ₂ ′, C (III) ′ is Excluded because it is larger than C (II) by 2 At _out ′ and not minimized.

Finally, when C (I) ′ and C (II) ′ are compared, the charging cost differs depending on the size relationship between 3t ₂₁ and t ₂ ′, but compared with the cooling time by the cooling means 13. Thus, the time required for supplying the electric power required for this to the battery 2 is very short, and from 3t ₂₁ >> t ₂ ', the electric power is supplied from the battery 2 and the cooling means is operated (II)'. Therefore, the charge control ECU selects the mode (II) ′.

  Thus, since the time required to supply the second power required for this from the external power source to the battery 2 is very short compared to the cooling time (heating time), the battery 2 is supplied with the power supplied from the battery 2. By substituting the second power of the battery 2 consumed by the cooling (heating) as the charge, the time for receiving the power supply from the external power source X can be shortened, It is possible to concentrate power supply (including charging) to the battery 2 in a low time zone, and to reduce the total charging cost.

  In the first and second embodiments, the cooling by the cooling means 13 has been described for one pattern in which the cooling fan has a predetermined number of revolutions. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of revolutions of the cooling fan is different. You may make it select the case where the value which converted the said 1st and 2nd electric power into the electricity bill becomes the minimum from several cooling patterns. Similarly, the heating by the heating means 14 has been described for one pattern in which a constant current is passed through the heating wire, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of heating patterns having different current values flowing through the heating wire can be used. A case where the value obtained by converting the first and second electric powers into the electricity charge is minimized may be selected.

  In the first and second embodiments, the cooling curve, the natural cooling curve, and the heating curve shown in FIG. 3 are constant regardless of the outside air temperature of the vehicle. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, an outside air temperature sensor for measuring the outside air temperature may be provided, and the slopes of these curves may be changed according to the outside air temperature measured thereby.

  Furthermore, in the said 1st and 2nd embodiment, although the case of forced cooling by the cooling means 13 and the natural cooling which does not use the cooling means 13 were compared, natural heating may be considered also about the case of heating. . For example, when the vehicle moves to a garage having a high indoor temperature, appropriate charging that can reduce the total charging cost can be performed by considering natural heating.

  In the first and second embodiments, the vehicle (e4WD) including the first motor 3 and the second motor 4 is described as an example of the vehicle on which the power supply system is mounted. However, the power supply system is mounted. The vehicle is not limited to this, and as long as the vehicle is propelled by the electric power supplied from the battery 2 (power storage means), in addition to the series hybrid vehicle and the parallel hybrid vehicle, the fuel cell including the power storage means It may be a vehicle or an electric vehicle.

  Furthermore, in the said 1st and 2nd embodiment, although the cooling means 13 or the heating means 14 was demonstrated as the charge preparation means of this invention, and the case where temperature control of the battery 2 was performed, it is not limited to this, As the charging preparation means, processing other than temperature adjustment such as discharging of the battery 2 may be performed. In this case, the power required for processing other than temperature control is set as the second power, and the case where the value obtained by converting the first and second power into the electric charge is minimized is selected, and the total charging cost can be reduced. .

  In the first embodiment, FIG. 7 shows a case where cooling by the cooling means 13 is advantageous from the viewpoint of charging cost and a case where natural cooling is advantageous from the viewpoint of charging cost as a result of STEP 40. Although shown, conversely, based on the map of FIG. 7, the charging control ECU 17 may select cooling by the cooling means 13 and natural cooling.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, the power supplied to the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 may be a system separate from the connector 15. In this case, a temperature sensor 21 for measuring the temperatures of the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 is separately provided, and the temperatures of the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 can be controlled via the temperature adjusting device 23. 23, the cooling means 13 and the heating means 14 can be operated by the electric power supplied from the connector 24. Thereby, cooling and heating of the battery 2 can be performed independently from the charging of the battery 2.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Battery (electric storage means), 3 ... 1st motor (electric motor), 4 ... 2nd motor (electric motor), 11 ... SOC detection means, 12 ... Temperature sensor, 13 ... Cooling means (temperature adjustment means), 14 ... Heating Means (temperature adjusting means), 15... Connector (external power connection means), 17... Charge control ECU (charge control device), 17 A... First calculation means, 17 B.

Claims (8)

A charge control device that controls a storage state of a storage unit that is mounted on a vehicle and that can be charged by power supplied from an external power source,
In view of the power storage state of the power storage means, a charge time calculation means for calculating a charge time required to charge the power storage means;
In view of the state of the power storage means, the time obtained by adding the time obtained by adding the charge preparation time required to make the power storage means suitable for charging by the charge preparation means to the current time is defined as the charge startable time. First calculating means for calculating first power required for charging when the charging time is secured between a startable time and a departure time of the vehicle;
Second calculating means for calculating second power required to make the power storage means chargeable during the charge preparation time;
An electric charge obtained by converting the first electric power and the second electric power based on an electric charge system having a difference in height according to a time zone, among a plurality of combinations of the operation mode of the charging preparation means and the charging start time of the power storage means. A charge control device that controls the charge preparation means according to the one combination that minimizes the sum of the power and performs charging from the external power source to the power storage means. The charging control device according to claim 1,
The charging preparation means is a temperature adjusting means for adjusting the temperature of the power storage means,
The temperature required to bring the power storage means to a temperature suitable for charging by the temperature adjusting means when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the power storage means is outside the temperature range suitable for charging the power storage means. Calculate the change time as the charge preparation time,
A time obtained by adding the temperature change time to the current time as the charge startable time, the first power required for charging when the charge time is secured between the charge startable time and the departure time of the vehicle; A charge control device that calculates second electric power required for temperature adjustment of the power storage means during the temperature change time. The charge control device according to claim 2,
When the operation mode of the temperature adjusting means is natural cooling in which the temperature adjusting means is not operated, a time required for natural cooling is calculated as the temperature change time. In the charging control device according to claim 3,
An electric charge obtained by converting the first electric power when the electric storage means is charged after the natural cooling is performed based on the electric charge system and a temperature suitable for charging the electric storage means by the temperature adjusting means. The first power and the second power when the power storage means is charged after the adjustment is compared with the electric charge converted based on the electric charge system, and according to the case where the electric charge is minimized, A charge control device that controls the temperature adjusting means and performs charging from the external power source to the power storage means. In the charge control device according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The charging control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjusting unit is operated by electric power directly supplied from the external power source connected via the external power source connecting unit. The charge control device according to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The temperature adjusting means is operated by electric power supplied from the power storage means,
Supplying the second power, which is a decrease in the remaining capacity of the power storage means due to power supply to the temperature adjusting means, from the external power source to the power storage means together with charging of the power storage means, and supplying the second power to the power storage means A charge control device characterized by converting into an electricity charge based on a charge system. The charging control device according to claim 6,
When it is necessary to adjust the temperature of the power storage means in advance by the temperature adjusting means,
A second amount of decrease in the remaining capacity of the power storage unit due to power supply to the temperature control unit after power is supplied from the power storage unit to the temperature control unit to adjust the power storage unit to a temperature suitable for charging. When the electric power is supplied to the electric storage means from the external power source together with the charging of the electric storage means, the first electric power and the second electric power converted based on the electric charge system, and the external electric power source After supplying electric power to the temperature adjusting means and adjusting the electric storage means to a temperature suitable for charging, the first electric power and the second electric power when the electric storage means is charged based on the electric charge system Charge control characterized by comparing the converted electricity charge and performing power supply to the temperature adjusting means and charging to the power storage means from the external power source according to a case where the electricity charge is minimized Dress . The charge control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A vehicle comprising the power storage means.

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