JP2011178292A - Moving blade - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve shape retaining property of a blade surface deformed into a desired shape and to facilitate thinning of a moving blade by simplifying an interior trim mechanism, in the moving blade bending the blade surface by the interior trim mechanism to change a blade shape. <P>SOLUTION: This moving blade includes flexible blade upper surface member 1 and blade lower surface member 2, a blade edge rib 3 and intermediate ribs 4-8 for connecting the blade edge rib 3 and a moving blade support body (a main blade body 10) in series via a rotary shaft. Upper and lower end faces of the blade edge rib 3 and the intermediate ribs 4-8 hold the blade upper surface member 1 and the blade lower surface member 2. The moving blade includes a driving mechanism using spring rods 11-15, a beam 16 and a linear actuator 17, and a driving mechanism using cables 21 and 22 as other forms and an actuator 23 for pulling both of the cables 21 and 22, to operate a connection angle at each connection point of a connecting body constituted of the blade edge rib 3, the intermediate ribs 4-8 and the moving blade support body. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface by an internal mechanism.

For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface by an internal mechanism.
Such a moving blade is applied to the leading edge portion of the main wing and the like, and can change the airfoil shape while maintaining a smoothly continuous blade surface from the main wing body.
In the moving blade described in Patent Document 1, the blade leading edge is composed of three links (10, 11, 12), and the outer surface of the blade leading edge is formed by these three links. The shape and thickness of the wing leading edge are changed. A flexible cover plate is applied to the rear of the three links, and the blade surface at the portion between the rear spar (5) and the links (10, 12) is curved and deformed.
In the moving blade described in Patent Document 2, a blade leading edge member (30) and a flexible outer skin (31) are connected to a link mechanism, and a blade surface formed by the flexible outer skin (31) is provided. Curve and deform.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-58758 U.S. Pat. No. 4,351,502

However, the above-described conventional technology has the following problems.
The moving blade described in Patent Document 1 is not suitable for thin blades because the leading edge of the blade is composed of three links, and a configuration for holding a flexible cover plate that is curved and deformed is not provided. The flexible cover plate may be deformed against the desired airfoil due to wind pressure.
In the moving blade described in Patent Document 2, although the leading edge of the blade is supported by one member (30), the internal link mechanism is complicated and requires a space in the blade thickness direction. Is difficult to apply. Moreover, in the moving blade described in Patent Document 2, the portion of the flexible outer skin (31) that is not constrained by the link mechanism is contrary to a desired airfoil due to wind pressure, as in the moving blade described in Patent Document 1. There is a risk of deformation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the prior art, and in a moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface by an internal mechanism, the shape of the blade surface is changed to a desired shape. It is an object of the present invention to improve the performance and simplify the interior mechanism to facilitate the thinning of the blades.

The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface by an internal mechanism.
A wing upper surface member forming the wing upper surface;
A wing lower surface member forming the wing lower surface;
Blade edge ribs that retain the shape of the blade edge;
One or more intermediate ribs that connect the blade edge rib and the blade support in series via a rotation shaft, the upper end holding the blade upper surface member and the lower end holding the blade lower surface member;
It is a moving blade provided with the drive mechanism which operates the connection angle in each connection point of the connection body which consists of the said blade edge rib, the said intermediate rib, and the said moving blade support body.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the drive mechanism is
A spring that urges each connecting angle to change in the same direction and corrects the airfoil to the first configuration;
By extending from the rotor blade support side toward the blade edge rib, the airfoil is engaged with the intermediate rib and the blade edge rib and the airfoil is in a second form different from the first form against the spring. A beam to correct,
The moving blade according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator that extends and retracts the beam.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lock mechanism that locks each of the connection angles in the first embodiment, and the beam is engaged with a release operation portion of the lock mechanism when the beam is extended. It is a moving blade of Claim 2 which cancels | releases.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the drive mechanism is
A first cable that corrects the airfoil to a first configuration by pulling the blade edge rib and, if necessary, one or more of the intermediate ribs, so that the connection angles change in the same direction;
A second cable that corrects the airfoil to a second form different from the first form by pulling the blade edge rib and, if necessary, one or more of the intermediate ribs, so that each of the connection angles changes in a direction opposite to the direction. When,
The moving blade according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator that extends and retracts the first cable and the second cable in a complementary manner.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an intermediate rib that is not directly connected to the cable among the intermediate ribs is an end of a blade edge rib or other intermediate rib that is connected to the tip side of the intermediate rib when the cable is pulled. The moving blade according to claim 4, further comprising a stopper that receives a moment for rotating relative to the base end side by receiving the portion.

  A sixth aspect of the present invention is the moving blade according to the fourth aspect, wherein a lock mechanism that locks the connection angles in the first and / or the second form is provided.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the moving blade according to claim 4, wherein the drive mechanism has a crank having one end connected to the first cable and the other end connected to the second cable.

The invention according to claim 8 is provided with a lock mechanism that locks each of the connection angles in the first form and / or the second form,
The moving blade according to claim 7, wherein the lock mechanism is operated by the crank.

According to the present invention, the one or more intermediate ribs in which the blade rib and the blade support are connected in series via the rotation shaft, the upper end holding the blade upper surface member and the lower end holding the blade lower surface member. Therefore, there is an effect of improving the shape retention of the blade surface deformed into a desired shape.
Further, according to the present invention, the interior angle mechanism can be obtained by operating the connection angle at each connection point of the connection body composed of the blade edge rib, the intermediate rib, and the rotor blade support by a simple drive mechanism such as a beam or a cable. This has the effect of simplifying the blade and facilitating the thinning.

It is a perspective view which shows the inside of the moving blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an arrow A view of the moving blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an arrow B figure of the moving blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a mechanism conceptual diagram of the moving blade which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a lock mechanism sectional view of a moving blade concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a mechanism conceptual diagram of the moving blade which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a lock mechanism sectional view of a moving blade concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following is one embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The moving blade of this embodiment constitutes the leading edge of the main wing.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the moving blade of the present embodiment includes a blade upper surface member 1, a blade lower surface member 2, and a blade edge rib 3, and further includes five intermediate ribs 4, 5, 6, and 6 in series. 7 and 8 are provided in parallel (4a, 4b to 8a, 8b).
The wing upper surface member 1 and the wing lower surface member 2 are flexible cover materials. The blade upper surface member 1 forms the blade upper surface, and the blade lower surface member 2 forms the blade lower surface. The front edge portion of the blade upper surface member 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the blade edge rib 3 by adhesion, welding, or the like, and the front edge portion of the blade lower surface member 2 is fixed to the lower surface of the blade edge rib 3 by adhesion, welding, or the like. The shape of the leading edge of the blade is maintained by the blade edge rib 3. The wing upper surface member 1 and the wing lower surface member 2 may be an integral cover material connected around the front edge. The blade upper surface member 1 and the blade lower surface member 2 form a blade surface over the main wing body 10.

The proximal end of the blade edge rib 3 and the distal end of the intermediate ribs 4a and 4b are hinge-connected. The end on the proximal end side of the intermediate rib 4 and the end on the distal end side of the intermediate ribs 5a and 5b are hinge-connected. The proximal ends of the intermediate ribs 5a and 5b are hinged to the distal ends of the intermediate ribs 6a and 6b. The proximal ends of the intermediate ribs 6a and 6b and the distal ends of the intermediate ribs 7a and 7 are hinged. The proximal ends of the intermediate ribs 7a and 7b and the distal ends of the intermediate ribs 8a and 8b are hinged. The proximal ends of the intermediate ribs 8a and 8b and the distal end of the fixed frame 9 are hinge-connected.
The above hinge connection is a connection through a rotation shaft parallel to the blade leading edge. The direction parallel to the blade leading edge is a direction perpendicular to the drawings in FIGS.
The fixed frame 9 is fixed to the main wing body 10. The main wing body 10 is a support for the main rotor blade.
As described above, the intermediate ribs 4 a and 4 b to the intermediate ribs 8 a and 8 b are connected in series between the blade edge rib 3 and the main wing body 10.

The blade upper surface member 1 is fixed to the upper end surfaces of the intermediate ribs 4a, 4b to 8a, 8b by adhesion, welding or the like, and the blade upper surface member 1 is held. The blade lower surface member 2 is fixed to the lower end surfaces of the intermediate ribs 4a, 4b to 8a, 8b by adhesion, welding, or the like, and the blade lower surface member 2 is held.
A space is provided between the upper end surfaces of the intermediate ribs adjacent in the series direction and between the lower end surfaces.

  As described above, the connecting body including the blade edge rib 3, the intermediate ribs 4 to 8, and the main wing body 10 is configured. The moving blade includes a drive mechanism that manipulates the connection angle at each of these connection points. The drive mechanism in the present embodiment uses spring rods 11 to 15, a beam 16, and an actuator 17.

The spring rods 11 to 15 are applied as push springs.
The spring rod 11 is installed on the blade edge rib 3 and the intermediate rib 4 at a position eccentric to the upper side of the connection point between the blade edge rib 3 and the intermediate rib 4, and the blade edge rib 3 is positioned below the intermediate rib 4. Tilt to. That is, the spring rod 11 is urged in a direction in which the connection angle below the connection point between the blade edge rib 3 and the intermediate rib 4 becomes smaller.
Similarly, the spring rods 12, 13, 14, 15 are applied between the intermediate ribs 4, 5, between the intermediate ribs 5, 6, between the intermediate ribs 6, 7, and between the intermediate ribs 7, 8.

  The actuator 17 is a linear actuator that reciprocates a movable part such as a hydraulic cylinder in a straight line, and is installed in the main wing body 10. The beam 16 shown in FIG. 3 is fixed to the movable part of the actuator 17, and the actuator 17 extends and retracts the beam 16. A hole 9a (see FIG. 1B) is provided in a portion between the intermediate rib 8a and the intermediate rib 8b of the fixed frame 9. The beam 16 is inserted into the hole 9a. As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the actuator 17 extends the beam 16 into the space between the intermediate ribs 4a to 8a and the intermediate ribs 4b to 8b, and fits the tip of the beam 16 to the blade edge rib 3. .

As shown in FIG. 3, a pair of retainers 4 c and 4 d arranged vertically are installed between the intermediate ribs 4 a and 4 b which are parallel to each other. Similarly, a pair of retainers 5c, 5d, retainers 6c, 6d, retainers 7c, 7d, between intermediate ribs 5a, 5b, between intermediate ribs 6a, 6b, between intermediate ribs 7a, 7b, and between intermediate ribs 8a, 8b, Retainers 8c and 8d are installed. These retainers 4 c, 4 d to 8 c, 8 d are provided with rollers that roll in contact with the side surfaces of the beam 16, and serve to stabilize the positions of the intermediate ribs 4 to 8 with respect to the extended beam 16. Have
The retainers 4c and 4d of the intermediate ribs 4a and 4b and the retainers 5c and 5d of the intermediate ribs 5a and 5b are unevenly distributed on the base end side, and the retainers 6c and 6d of the intermediate ribs 6a and 6b are in the center, and the intermediate ribs 7a and 7b The retainers 8c and 8d of the retainers 7c and 7d and the intermediate ribs 8a and 8b are arranged unevenly on the tip side.

The actuator 17 is pulled in until the tip of the beam 16 is detached from the retainers 8c and 8d. By arranging the retainers 8c and 8d so as to be unevenly distributed on the distal end side, the stroke length of the beam 16 can be shortened.
As shown in FIG. 3 (b), when the beam 16 is detached from the blade edge rib 3 and all the retainers 4c, 4d to 8c, 8d, the connecting angles are set in the same direction by the action of the spring rods 11 to 15 described above. As shown in FIGS. 1 (b), 2 (b), and 3 (b), the airfoil is corrected to a first shape that is curved so that the leading edge hangs down.
When the actuator 17 extends the beam 16 and the tip of the beam 16 is fitted to the blade edge rib 3 as shown in FIG. 3A, the beam 16 is also applied to the upper and lower retainers 4c, 4d to 8c, 8d. Therefore, the beam 16 corrects each connection angle to 180 degrees against the acting force of the spring rods 11 to 15, and is shown in FIGS. 1 (a), 2 (a) and 3 (a). In this way, the airfoil is corrected to the second form flat with respect to the main wing body 10.
Therefore, the airfoil can be repeatedly changed between the first form and the second form by bending the blade surface by moving the beam 16 with the actuator 17.

FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram of a connecting mechanism for the intermediate ribs 7 and 8 as a representative. The moving blade is provided with a lock mechanism 18 that locks each connection angle in the first embodiment.
The lock mechanism 18 is provided at a position that is deviated from the connection point 19 of the intermediate ribs 7 and 8 by a predetermined radius.
As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 5, the lock mechanism 18 is configured in a hole formed in the intermediate ribs 7 and 8. The hole formed in the intermediate rib 7 and the hole formed in the intermediate rib 8 are arranged coaxially in the first embodiment. The lock mechanism 18 includes a lock piece 18a, a compression spring 18b, and a release operation piece 18c. The compression spring 18b is pushed so that the lock piece 18a fits over the hole formed in the intermediate rib 7 and the hole formed in the intermediate rib 8, and thereby the lock is applied (FIG. 5 (a)). When the beam 16 pushes the protruding end of the release operation piece 18c, the compression spring 18b is compressed, the lock piece 18a is pushed back, and the lock is released (FIG. 5B).
A similar locking mechanism is applied to the other connecting portions.
The beam 16 is unlocked at the initial stage when extending from the most retracted position, and further extended to correct the airfoil to the second form.

When there is no lock mechanism 18, the blade shape is corrected to the first form only by the acting force of the spring rods 11 to 15, so that the main blade may be pushed back by the wind pressure, and the acting force of the spring rods 11 to 15 is Need to be set large. If the acting force of the spring rods 11 to 15 is set to be large, it becomes necessary to increase the driving force of the actuator 17 that pushes the beam 16 against this, and there is a concern about increase in size and increase in energy consumption due to higher output. .
However, according to the moving blade of the present embodiment, the presence of the lock mechanism 18 makes it possible to stabilize the airfoil in the first form without relying only on the acting force of the spring rods 11 to 15.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment is common to the above-described first embodiment with respect to the wing upper surface member 1 and the wing lower surface member 2, and the connection body including the wing edge rib 3, the intermediate ribs 4 to 8, and the main wing body 10. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the drive mechanism and the lock mechanism.

The drive mechanism of the present embodiment uses the first cable 21, the second cable 22, and the actuator 23.
As shown in FIG. 6, the first cable 21 is located below the connection points 19 and 20, and the second cable 22 is unevenly distributed above the connection points 19 and 20 so as to extend from the base end side of the main blade to the tip side. Placed in. The tips of the first cable 21 and the second cable 22 are fixed to the intermediate rib 6. A crank 24 is provided at the connecting position of the intermediate ribs 7 and 8. The first cable 21 is connected to one end of the crank 24 and the second cable 22 is connected to the other end of the crank 24, and the crank 24 is rotatably supported at an intermediate portion. Since the first cable 21 and the second cable 22 are stretched via the crank 24, it is possible to prevent rubbing against other portions of the first cable 21 and the second cable 22 and occurrence of kinks due to excessive loosening.
The proximal ends of the first cable 21 and the second cable 22 are connected to the actuator 23, and the actuator 23 complementarily extends and retracts the first cable and the second cable.
A pair of upper and lower stoppers 25 a and 25 b and a pair of upper and lower stoppers 26 a and 26 b are fixed to the intermediate ribs 7 and 8 not directly connected to the cable.

As can be seen from the above configuration, the first cable 21 pulls the intermediate rib 6 in a direction in which the lower connection angle 20 of the intermediate rib 6 and the intermediate rib 7 becomes smaller, and the leading edge lowers the airfoil. It corrects to the 1st form curved so that it may hang down.
That is, when the actuator 23 pulls the first cable 21 from the state shown in FIG. 6A (second form) and extends the second cable 22 by that amount, as shown in FIG. The intermediate rib 6 rotates with respect to the intermediate rib 7 until the end of the rib 6 is received by the stopper 25b. When the end portion of the intermediate rib 6 is received by the stopper 25b, the intermediate rib 7 to which the stopper 25b is fixed rotates with respect to the intermediate rib 8 on the base end side from the force with which the first cable 21 is pulled. Enjoy the moment for. By this moment, the intermediate rib 7 rotates with respect to the intermediate rib 8 until the end of the intermediate rib 7 is received by the stopper 26b. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6 (c), the end of the intermediate rib 7 is received by the stopper 26b, so that the intermediate rib 8 to which the stopper 26b is fixed has a basic force from the force with which the first cable 21 is pulled. The moment for rotating with respect to the fixed frame 9 on the end side is enjoyed, and the moment with respect to the fixed frame 9 is rotated.
By reversely rotating the actuator 23, the airfoil is returned from the first form to the second form by the pulling force of the second cable 22 and the action of the stopper 25a and the stopper 26a.

By applying the same drive mechanism to the blade edge rib 3 and the intermediate ribs 4 and 5 as above, the entire blade is corrected to the first form or returned to the second form. It can be bent to change the airfoil repeatedly.
It is also possible to connect the cable directly to at least the blade edge rib 3 and interlock with the intermediate ribs 4 to 8 by providing stoppers. Connect cables directly to one or more of the intermediate ribs 4-8 as required. Although it is good also as a structure which connects a cable directly to all the intermediate ribs 4-8, providing the intermediate rib which interlock | cooperates via a stopper without connecting a cable directly can reduce the number of cables parallel.

The moving blade is provided with a lock mechanism 27 that locks each connection angle in the first form, and a lock mechanism 28 that locks each connection angle in the second form.
The lock mechanisms 27 and 28 are provided at positions deviated by a predetermined radius from the connection point 19 of the intermediate ribs 7 and 8. The lock mechanism 27 is disposed at a position that overlaps the crank 24 in the first embodiment as shown in FIG. 6 (c), and at a position that does not overlap the crank 24 in the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 6 (a). On the contrary, the lock mechanism 28 is disposed at a position that does not overlap the crank 24 in the first form as shown in FIG. 6 (c) and at a position that overlaps the crank 24 in the second form as shown in FIG. 6 (a). Is done.

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, both the lock mechanism 27 and the lock mechanism 28 are configured in holes formed in the intermediate ribs 7 and 8. Each of the lock mechanism 27 and the lock mechanism 28 includes a lock piece 27a and a compression spring 27b. The compression spring 27b is pushed so that the inner end portion of the lock piece 27a is detached from the hole formed in the intermediate rib 7, thereby releasing the lock (FIG. 7 (a)). When the crank 24 pushes the outer end portion of the lock piece 27a, the compression spring 27b is compressed, and the inner end portion of the lock piece 27a is inserted into the hole formed in the intermediate rib 7 and locked.
The holes formed in the intermediate rib 7 and the holes formed in the intermediate rib 8 to constitute the lock mechanism 27 are arranged coaxially in the first embodiment. The holes formed in the intermediate rib 7 and the holes formed in the intermediate rib 8 to constitute the lock mechanism 28 are arranged coaxially in the second embodiment.
The lock mechanisms 27 and 28 are operated by the crank 24 as described above.

Due to the presence of the lock mechanisms 27 and 28, the airfoil can be stabilized in the first form and the second form without relying only on the acting force of the actuator 23.
Although either one of the lock mechanisms 27 and 28 may be omitted, it is preferable to provide both.

  In the above embodiment, the blade support of the present invention is used as the main blade body, and the blade of the present invention is applied to the leading edge of the main blade. However, the application part of the blade of the present invention is not limited. The moving blade of the present invention may be applied to the blade trailing edge, the blade side edge, the entire auxiliary blade, or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blade upper surface member 2 Blade lower surface member 3 Blade edge rib 4a, 4b-8a, 8b Intermediate rib 4c, 4d-8c, 8d Retainer 9 Fixed frame 10 Main wing body 11-15 Spring rod 16 Beam 17 Actuator 18 Lock mechanism 18a Lock piece 18b Compression spring 18c Release operation piece 19, 20 Connection point 21 First cable 22 Second cable 23 Actuator 24 Crank 25a, 25b Stopper 26a, 26b Stopper 27, 28 Lock mechanism 27a Lock piece 27b Compression spring

Claims (8)

A moving blade that changes the airfoil shape by bending the blade surface with an internal mechanism,
A wing upper surface member forming the wing upper surface;
A wing lower surface member forming the wing lower surface;
Blade edge ribs that retain the shape of the blade edge;
One or more intermediate ribs that connect the blade edge rib and the blade support in series via a rotation shaft, the upper end holding the blade upper surface member and the lower end holding the blade lower surface member;
A moving blade provided with a drive mechanism for operating a connecting angle at each connecting point of a connecting body composed of the blade edge rib, the intermediate rib, and the moving blade support. The drive mechanism is
A spring that urges each connecting angle to change in the same direction and corrects the airfoil to the first configuration;
By extending from the rotor blade support side toward the blade edge rib, the airfoil is engaged with the intermediate rib and the blade edge rib and the airfoil is in a second form different from the first form against the spring. A beam to correct,
The moving blade according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator that extends and retracts the beam.   The lock mechanism which locks each said connection angle in the said 1st form is provided, The said beam engages the release operation part of the said lock mechanism at the time of extension of the said beam, The said lock mechanism is cancelled | released. Moving blades. The drive mechanism is
A first cable that corrects the airfoil to a first configuration by pulling the blade edge rib and, if necessary, one or more of the intermediate ribs, so that the connection angles change in the same direction;
A second cable that corrects the airfoil to a second form different from the first form by pulling the blade edge rib and, if necessary, one or more of the intermediate ribs, so that each of the connection angles changes in a direction opposite to the direction. When,
The moving blade according to claim 1, further comprising an actuator that complementarily extends and retracts the first cable and the second cable.   Of the intermediate ribs, the intermediate ribs that are not directly connected to the cable receive the end of the blade edge rib or the other intermediate rib that is connected to the distal end side of the intermediate rib when the cable is pulled. The moving blade according to claim 4, further comprising a stopper that receives a moment for rotating with respect to the side.   The moving blade according to claim 4, wherein a lock mechanism that locks the connection angles in the first form and / or the second form is provided.   The moving blade according to claim 4, wherein the drive mechanism has a crank having one end connected to the first cable and the other end connected to the second cable. A locking mechanism for locking each connection angle in the first and / or the second configuration is provided;
The moving blade according to claim 7, wherein the lock mechanism is operated by the crank.

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