JP2011174064A - Method and apparatus for reforming cutting oil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for reforming a cutting oil that can improve lubricating and cooling performance essential to a cutting oil; reduce the cost by reducing an additive, extending a tool life, extending a use cycle of a cutting oil, reducing an amount of use of a cutting oil and reducing unit power consumption in machining resulting from improved machining efficiency; reduce an environmental load in disposal; and improve a working environment. <P>SOLUTION: Reforming of a cutting oil to be used in a cutting machine in machining centers is carried out by the apparatus for reforming a cutting oil that includes a step of bringing the cutting oil diluted with reforming water and stored in an oil tank of the cutting machine into contact with an anti-Tues stone article preferably under a pressure of 3-30 kg/cm<SP>2</SP>and then subjecting the cutting oil to turbulent flow agitation, and a step of bringing the cutting oil again into contact with another anti-Tues stone article and then subjecting the cutting oil to jet flow agitation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention improves the lubricity and cooling performance of the cutting oil by modifying the cutting oil used in metal processing, thereby extending the life of the machining tool and reducing the thermal effect on the work piece. The present invention relates to a cutting oil reforming method and a cutting oil reforming apparatus that reduce the environmental load by reducing the usage amount of the gas and extending the use cycle of the cutting oil, and reduce the discharge of toxic gas to improve the working environment. The present invention also relates to a reduction method of sludge generated in a cutting oil tank, a cutting oil reforming method and a cutting oil reforming device for softening sludge.

  Cutting oil is used for metalworking, and is intended to extend the tool life and improve machining accuracy by interposing between the tool and the workpiece, reducing friction between the tool and workpiece, and cooling the heat generated by the friction. used.

  In recent years, the progress of machine tools such as cutting machines has been remarkable, and high-precision machining is possible by rotating the machining tool at high speed, and cutting oils with various additives have been developed. Since the cutting oil does not penetrate sufficiently, the heat generated by the friction between the tool and the workpiece cannot be sufficiently cooled, resulting in a shortened tool life and warpage of the workpiece due to frictional heat, which requires rework. There was a problem such as not having caused the processing cost to rise.

Further, for example, a sulfur-based additive blended in cutting oil is generated as sulfur gas due to frictional heat or the like, and in the worst case, the working environment is deteriorated as the lethal concentration is reached.
In addition, in order to clean the sludge accumulated in the cutting oil tank, the cutting device must be stopped and the solidified sludge must be removed manually using a scoop or the like, resulting in a reduction in productivity with time and labor. I was invited.

  The cutting oil is roughly classified into a water-insoluble cutting oil and a water-soluble cutting oil, and they are properly used depending on the workpiece. However, since cutting oil eventually becomes sludge containing metal powder and is processed as industrial waste, there is a demand for reduction in the amount of cutting oil consumption even in the field of waste-less. Is said to be 130,000 tons per year, and 420,000 tons (including after dilution) of waste oil is said to be generated annually.

  On the other hand, based on the Kyoto Protocol compiled at the Kyoto Conference on Global Warming Prevention, reduction targets for greenhouse gases in advanced countries are assigned. In Japan, the industrial sector accounts for about 50% of energy consumption, so rationalization of energy use in the industrial sector and reduction of environmental burdens are required. Especially, about 700,000 machine tools are operating nationwide. The reduction of energy consumption is said to be a problem. According to automaker data, 53% of machine tool energy consumption is related to cutting oil (coolant), and in particular, reducing cutting oil in metalworking factories is an important issue.

  Also, coupled with the globalization of environmental management standards, the problem of cutting oil has been getting closer year by year.

  In order to deal with such problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-189796 discloses that waste oil used in machine tools is placed in a high electric field and minute impurities or metal powder contained in waste oil such as cutting oil are used as electrodes. Disclosed is a method for reclaiming waste oil that can be almost completely restored to its original state by adhering and removing.

  However, this waste oil regeneration method only removes minute impurities and metal powder in the existing used cutting oil, so that the cutting oil cannot sufficiently penetrate into the machining point at the tip of the tool. The effect of frictional heat cannot be avoided.

  In addition, oil manufacturers have developed water-soluble cutting oils with various additives added to solve the above problems. However, when these cutting oils are used, discarded and finally processed, the spread of the additives is not promoted because the added additives become an obstacle and a great cost is required. In addition, water-soluble cutting oil is not only prone to spoilage, but there are reports that additives are gasified during processing and the working environment is deteriorated, but its performance is improved by modifying the cutting oil itself. However, the present situation is that a technique for extending the use cycle of the cutting oil has not been developed.

  The inventors have been conducting research on water reforming for a long time by bringing water into contact with anti-fluorite and processed anti-fluorite.

  Here, anti-fluorite is a kind of rhyolite produced in the Izu Peninsula, etc., the composition of which mainly consists of so-called volcanic glass, containing quartz, feldspar, mica and other components, by volcanic activity, Silica (silica), which is the main component, crosses vertically and horizontally, and is constructed as a porous spongy igneous rock made into glass fiber. And about 70% or more of a silicic acid component is contained.

In addition, the processed products of anti-fluorite include unglazed bodies and calcined bodies, which are sintered at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. to 1500 ° C., with the powder of anti-fluorite adjusted to a relatively coarse particle size in a substantially spherical shape. The fired body is obtained by applying a glaze containing anti-fluorite powder on the surface of the unfired body and firing it at a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1500 ° C.

  According to the inventors' research, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-63355 discloses that the surface tension of water before contact is 71.0 mN / m by bringing water into contact with the processed product of anti-fluorite. It has been found that the surface tension of water after contact with the calcined product and the calcined product is reduced to 58.0 mN / m. Further, a waveform diagram measured by a liquid property analyzing radio wave spectrometer (Aqua Analyzer) disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-40924 and an optical pattern of a suspended substance in an aqueous solution disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3728314. Judging from the micro-drying micrograph of water by the aqueous solution evaluation method using the microscopic observation method, the water aqua analyzer waveform after contact with the anti-fluorite processed product (Fig. 1) shows the waveform before contact with the anti-fluorite processed product. Compared with the waveform diagram of water (Fig. 2), the waveform width is more complicated and widened at the part exceeding 200 kHz, and the water (Fig. 3) and the anti-fluorite stone in contact with the processed anti-fluorite product also in the micro-drying micrograph of water When water before contact with the processed product (Fig. 4) is compared, the pattern becomes smaller and the aggregate of fine particles increases, and the water cluster is miniaturized because it is thinly distributed throughout the whole area. It is determined that the objects.

  In this way, the inventors know that there is a clear change that water particles (clusters) become smaller when water comes into contact with the anti-fluorite processed product, and contact with the anti-fluorite stone and the anti-fluorite processed product. Stir the reformed fuel oil brought into contact with the modified water and anti-fluorite processed product, fine water droplets are finely and evenly dispersed in the oil and maintain an emulsion state for a long time, and excellent ignition stability Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-63355 discloses a method for producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel and an apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel.

In addition, in the research of Prof. Miyata at Setan University, a 600MHz nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus and a JNR / NMR JNM / ECA / 600 were used to process an anti-fluorite processed product (ceramic). : 7 mm) was immersed in 35 mL of tap water for one day, and the immersion tap water was measured. In this measurement, in order to evaluate the size of the water cluster, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum ( ¹⁷ O · MNR) was measured for oxygen ( ¹⁷ O) having an atomic weight of 17 which is an isotope of natural oxygen by NMR. As a result, the half-width value of the water cluster of tap water that is not immersed as shown in FIG. 5 is 70 hertz (Hz), whereas the anti-calcite processed product (unfired body) is used as shown in FIG. The inverse width value of the water cluster of the soaked tap water was 62 Hz, and it was observed that the water cluster of the anti-calcite processed product (unfired body) tap water was remarkably refined.

Also, in oils and fats, ethylbenzene was used as a model of aromatic compounds in light oil components used as fuel for diesel vehicles, and changes due to contact with anti-calcite processed products (unfired bodies) were investigated. As an investigation method, 10 grains of anti-calcite processed product (unfired body) (particle size: 7 mm) were added to a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 35 mL of ethylbenzene, and then immersed for one day. Next, hydrogen having an atomic weight of 3 which is an isotope of natural hydrogen is used for immersion-treated ethylbenzene using a 600 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus, a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus (MNR) JNM / ECA / 600 manufactured by JEOL Ltd. It was measured nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of ^{(3 H) (3 H ·} NMR).

As shown in FIG. 7, the peak appearance range of ³ H · NMR spectrum in untreated ethylbenzene is 1.04 to 1.14 ppm, and three distinct peaks are recognized. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the peak appearance range of ³ H · NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene immersed in an anti-fluorite processed product (unfired body) is 1.08 to 1.2 ppm, which is not treated. Compared to ethylbenzene, 0.4 to 0.6 ppm is also shifted to the high magnetic field side. Furthermore, the number of appearance peaks also increased to seven.

In the case of a neutral fat-soluble substance typified by ethylbenzene, it is known that molecules are bonded to each other by a hydrogen bond between hydrogen atoms to form a large pseudo-molecular cluster. In this study, to shift to the Fire-stone workpiece (unglazed body) appearing range of ^{3 H} · MNR spectrum of ethylbenzene by processing high magnetic field side, and the results appearing peak number is increased, the miniaturization of ethylbenzene clusters It is a suggestion. When the oil brought into contact with the processed anti-fluorite product is measured by NMR, it is indicated that a change in the resonance frequency occurs and the refinement of the oil particles occurs.

  Thus, it has been found that water clusters and oil particles are reduced by bringing water and oil into contact with the anti-lithic stone processed product. As a result, the cutting oil penetrates sufficiently into the machining point, and the lubrication and cooling properties inherent to the cutting oil are further improved, eliminating the need for additives, extending the tool life, and extending the cutting oil usage cycle. Since it became possible, we continued further diligent research and completed the invention.

  JP 2008-189796 A   JP 2008-63355 A   JP 2007-40924 A   Japanese Patent No. 3728314

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the cutting oil is modified to further improve the lubricity and cooling performance inherent to the cutting oil, reducing the additive, extending the tool life, and reducing the usage cycle of the cutting oil. Reducing power consumption during processing with respect to production volume by extending and reducing the amount used, reducing sludge generation, softening sludge, reducing environmental impact during disposal, improving the working environment, and increasing cutting efficiency The present invention provides a cutting oil reforming method and a cutting oil reforming apparatus that can be achieved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for modifying cutting oil used in a cutting apparatus such as a machining center, and is effective in resisting cutting oil stored in an oil storage tank of the cutting apparatus in a pressurized state. It comprises a first step in which turbulent stirring is performed after contact with the processed pyroxenic product, and a second step in which collision stirring is performed after contacting with the anti-fluorite processed product in a pressurized state.

In addition to the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 is such that the pressure in the pressurized state is preferably in the range of 3 kg / cm ² to 30 kg / cm ² .

  In addition to the invention of claim 1 or 2, the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the anti-fluorite processed product is an anti-fluorite body made by sintering anti-fluorite powder, It is said that it is one of the sintered anti-refractory fired bodies obtained by applying a glaze containing the above-mentioned anti-refractory powder to a pyroxene body.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a suction portion that sucks cutting oil stored in an oil storage tank of a cutting device such as a machining center, and is connected to the suction portion so as to store an anti-fluorite processed product and contact the cutting oil. A first cutting oil reforming section for modifying the cutting oil by contacting the cutting oil with the anti-fluorite processed product, and connecting the first cutting oil reforming section, A first agitating unit for turbulently stirring the cutting oil modified by contact with the anti-fluorite processed product, and connected to the first agitating unit to store the anti-fluorite processed product and the turbulent-stirred cutting A second cutting for modifying the turbulently agitated cutting oil by contacting the turbulently agitated cutting oil with the refractory agitated cutting oil; An oil reforming unit, and the second cutting oil reforming unit, A second stirring unit that jets and agitates the cutting oil modified by contact, and the cutting oil that is jet-stirred by the second stirring unit and connected to the second stirring unit is supplied to an oil storage tank of a cutting device such as a machining center. And a return portion for returning the cutting oil.

  Therefore, according to the cutting oil reforming method of the present invention and the cutting oil reforming apparatus that realizes the above method, the cutting oil stored in the oil storage tank of the cutting apparatus such as a machining center is sucked and the anti-fluorite in a pressurized state. By contacting / stirring the processed product and further contacting / stirring the anti-fluorite processed product, the cutting oil with reduced particles can be returned to the oil storage tank of a cutting device such as a machining center.

  According to the cutting oil reforming method and the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention, since the particles of the cutting oil can be reduced, the cutting oil with the reduced particles sufficiently permeates the machining point at the tip of the tool. Removes (cools) the heat generated by the friction between the original tool and the workpiece, prolongs the life of the tool, eliminates warpage of the workpiece due to frictional heat, and eliminates the trouble of reworking. Shortening is achieved.

  Further, since the particles of the cutting oil can be reduced, the additive added to improve the processing performance due to insufficient penetration of the cutting oil into the processing point, for example, sulfur derived from sulfur-based additives It is possible to reduce the deterioration of the working environment which is considered to be caused by additives such as the reduction of gas generation.

  Moreover, since the addition of the additive to the cutting oil is reduced, the cost for the final treatment of the used waste cutting oil is also reduced. In addition, it is expected to reduce the environmental load by extending the tool life, shortening the machining time, reducing the amount of sludge, and reducing the final processing cost of waste cutting oil from softening sludge.

  It is a wave form diagram of the water aqua analyzer after contacting an anti-fluorite processed product.   It is a wave form diagram of the water aqua analyzer before contact with an anti-fluorite processed product.   It is the photograph of the fine drying microscope of the water after contacting an anti-fluorite processed product.   It is the photograph of the fine-drying microscope of the water before contacting an anti-fluorite processed product.   It is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of the tap water which has not immersed the anti-calcite processed product.   It is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of tap water in which an anti-fluorite processed product is immersed.   It is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of untreated ethylbenzene.   It is a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of ethylbenzene immersed in an anti-fluorite processed product.   It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is a microscope picture of the cutting oil modified with the cutting oil reforming device of the present invention.   It is a microscope picture of the normal cutting oil which is not modified.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (chip | tip) which performed the processing test using the cutting oil modified | reformed with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (chip | tip) which performed the processing test using normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (drill) which performed the processing test using the cutting oil modified | reformed with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (drill) which performed the processing test using normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (tap) which performed the processing test using the cutting oil improved with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is the photograph of the front-end | tip part of the tool (tap) which performed the processing test using normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is a 3D photograph of the processing surface of the workpiece which performed the processing test using the cutting oil modified with the cutting oil reforming device of the present invention.   It is 3D photograph of the processing surface of the workpiece which performed the processing test using the normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is a table | surface which shows the component analysis result of water.   It is a graph which shows the interfacial tension measurement result of water.   It is the graph of the acceleration amplitude which performed the machining test using normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is the graph of the acceleration amplitude which performed the machining test using the cutting oil modified | reformed with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is the photograph of the cutting-blade front-end | tip part of the tool which performed the processing test using normal (non-modified) cutting oil.   It is the photograph of the cutting-blade front-end | tip part of the tool which performed the processing test using the cutting oil modified | reformed with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of this invention.   It is the photograph of the surface of the chirico in the oil mist processing of the usual (unmodified) cutting oil.   It is a photograph of the surface of silicon in the process using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a cutting oil reforming method and a cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating an example of the configuration of the manufacturing apparatus of the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 9, MC is an oil storage tank in which cutting oil OL used in a cutting apparatus such as a machining center is stored. The cutting oil OL stored in the oil storage tank MC is a water-soluble cutting oil, and is pumped to a processing point of a tool such as a drill and a tip and a workpiece (not shown) at the time of cutting by a pump or the like (not shown). It is circulated for the purpose of cooling the frictional heat generated by the friction of the workpiece and washing away the cutting waste.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a cutting oil reformer that modifies the cutting oil OL. P is a pump that sucks the cutting oil OL stored in the storage tank MC and sends it to the cutting oil reforming apparatus 1. Reference numeral 2 denotes a first cutting oil reforming section, in which an anti-fluorite processed product (fired body) is housed, and the anti-fluorite processed product that is pumped by the pump P from the cutting oil storage tank MC under pressure. It is modified by contacting with (fired body). 3 is a 1st stirring part, the mesh is arrange | positioned in multiple stages inside, and the disorder | damage | failure which arises when the cutting oil OL improved in the 1st cutting oil reforming part is pumped by the fine gap | interval of the mesh arrange | positioned in multiple stages. Stir by flow. Reference numeral 4 denotes a second cutting oil reforming section, in which an anti-fluorite processed product (unfired body) is stored, and the cutting oil OL turbulently stirred in the first stirring unit 3 is subjected to anti-fluorite processed product ( It is modified by bringing it into contact with an unglazed body. G is a pressure gauge showing the pressure of the cutting oil in the cutting oil reforming apparatus 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes a second stirring unit for jet-stirring the cutting oil OL modified by the second cutting oil reforming unit 4. The flow path from the second cutting oil reforming section 4 is divided into two and connected to the second stirring section 5 so as to face each other in the second stirring section 5, and a nozzle is connected to the tip of each flow path. ing. The cutting oil OL modified by the second cutting oil reforming unit 4 is jetted under pressure from the nozzles arranged opposite to each other and collides with the inner wall of the second stirring unit 5 and is stirred. The pressure of the cutting oil OL flowing in the cutting oil reforming apparatus 1 is adjusted by an orifice of the nozzle so as to be an appropriate pressure (3 kg / cm ^{2 to} 30 kg / cm ² ).

  The cutting oil OL modified through such processes is returned to the oil storage tank MC of a cutting device such as a machining center, and the cutting oil OL in the oil storage tank MC is modified by repeating this circulation.

The operation will be described from the above configuration. The cutting oil OL stored in the oil storage tank MC is removed by a filter (not shown) and the like by a pump P built in the cutting oil reforming apparatus 1 through a pipe or a hose. Sucked. The pump P is preferably a high-pressure pump having a pressure of 30 kg / cm ² or more.

  The cutting oil OL pressurized by the pump P is pumped to the first cutting oil reforming unit 2 in which a plurality of anti-fluorite processed products (fired bodies) are stored, and comes into contact with the anti-fluorite processed products (fired bodies). As a result, the surface tension of the moisture contained in the cutting oil OL is modified to be lowered. This decrease in the surface tension of water is considered to be caused by the increase in the distance between water molecules due to weakening of hydrogen bonds of water molecules by contact with a processed product (fired body) of anti-fluorite. This phenomenon is considered to occur also in the oil content of the cutting oil OL.

  The cutting oil OL sent to the first stirring unit 3 is turbulently stirred by passing between meshes arranged in multiple stages in the first stirring unit 3 at a high pressure, and the cutting oil OL whose intermolecular distance is widened. It mixes so that the water | moisture content of oil and cutting oil OL may be taken in mutually. Based on the above-mentioned research results, the opinion that the refinement of water clusters and refinement of oil clusters is occurring in the anti-fluorite processed products (unfired bodies) stored in the second cutting oil reforming section 4 is shown. Therefore, the cutting oil OL that comes into contact with the anti-fluorite processed product (unfired body) at high pressure is fine in each of the oil clusters of the cutting oil OL and the water clusters of the cutting oil OL with a wide intermolecular distance. To be modified.

  The cutting oil OL modified by the second cutting oil reforming unit 4 is divided into two flow paths and sent to the second stirring unit 5. Since the tip of the channel connected oppositely in the second stirring unit 5 is processed into a nozzle shape, the pressure further increases to the tip of the channel, and the pressure rapidly decreases as soon as it passes through the channel tip. In other words, for example, the cutting oil OL is further refined in the same situation as the spraying, and the flow path tip is arranged oppositely. Therefore, the cutting oil OL is reformed into an emulsion state of very fine particles by collision stirring. Then, it is returned to the oil storage tank MC of a cutting device such as a machining center.

FIG. 10 is a photomicrograph of cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a photomicrograph of normal cutting oil that has not been modified.
As can be seen from FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, it can be confirmed that water droplets are scattered in the normal cutting oil that has not been modified. In the cutting oil that has been refined, the water droplets are minute droplets that cannot be called water droplets, and the oil content has also been modified, so that the oil and water content is a solid emulsion. Can be confirmed.
Thus, the cutting oil OL modified to a very fine emulsion state sufficiently penetrates the working point where the tool tip comes into contact with the work piece when supplied to the working point of the cutting device, thereby reducing and generating friction. It is possible to effectively remove (cool) the heat to be generated.

  Here, when the processed product of the anti-fluorite used in the present embodiment is described in detail, the raw stone of the anti-fluorite is a kind of rhyolite produced in the Izu Peninsula and the Izu Islands. Anti-fluorite contains silica (silicic acid) and aluminum as main components, and is composed of various oxides and compounds including oxides of calcium and magnesium, and silica (silicic acid) is vertically and horizontally. It is a porous spongy igneous rock that crosses into a glass fiber.

  An unglazed body, which is a processed product of anti-fluorite, uses 70 wt% or more of anti-fluorite powder adjusted to a relatively coarse particle size of 50 μm or more and 550 μm or less, and has a desired spherical shape or the like with clay as a binder. After being adjusted to the form, the one formed by sintering at a temperature of about 1000 ° C. to 1500 ° C. is used. Moreover, the fired body, which is a processed product of anti-fluorite, uses, for example, 97% by weight of an anti-fluorite powder having the same particle size range as described above on the surface of the above-mentioned unglazed body, and further 3% by weight of synthetic paste and an appropriate amount. The glaze containing the anti-fluorite formed by adding the water is applied and fired at a firing temperature of 1000 ° C. to 1500 ° C ..

The test results of examining the degree of wear of the cutting tool (chip) by modifying the cutting oil by attaching the cutting oil reforming device of the present invention to the cutting oil storage tank of the machining center (cutting device) will be described.
・ Test place: Komatsu Awazu Factory (Komatsu City, Ishikawa Prefecture)
・ Machine tools (Manufacturer: JTEKT Corporation, Model: PM80, Model: NS2127)
・ Cutting oil: Water mixing ratio: 95%
-Workpiece: Mold steel-Cutting oil reforming pressure: 4kg / cm ²
・ Testing time: 100 minutes continuously ・ Testing method: Cutting oil diluted with the same ratio of water is used for two machine tools of the same type, and the cutting oil reforming device of the present invention is attached to one of these cutting oils. Modified. In addition, the same tool (chip, drill, tap) and the same workpiece were set on two machine tools, and machining was continuously performed for 100 minutes with the same machining program. After machining, the chip was removed from the machine tool, the tip of the tool was observed with a digital microscope, and the wear condition was comparatively observed.

・ Test results <Wear of tool (tip) tip>
FIG. 12 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (chip) that has been subjected to a machining test using cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (chip) that was subjected to a machining test using a normal (unmodified) cutting oil as a comparative example.

  As can be judged from FIG. 12, the tip of the tool (chip) after 100 minutes of continuous machining was subjected to a machining test for 100 minutes continuously using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention. Although the tip of the tool (chip) was hardly worn, a machining test was continuously performed for 100 minutes using the normal (non-modified) cutting oil shown in FIG. 13 which is a comparative example. It was confirmed that the tip portion of the tool (chip) was very worn due to melting or peeling of the portion considered to be a processing point.

<Wear of tool (drill) tip>
FIG. 14 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (drill) that was subjected to a machining test using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (drill) that was subjected to a machining test using a normal (unmodified) cutting oil as a comparative example.
The tip of a tool (drill) that has been subjected to a machining test using the cutting oil modified with the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 14 has no spillage, and the sharpness of the cutting edge can be confirmed. On the other hand, the tip of the tool (drill) subjected to the machining test using the normal (non-modified) cutting oil of the comparative example shown in FIG. Sharpness was not seen.

<Wear of tool (tap)>
FIG. 16 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (tap) subjected to a machining test using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a photograph of the tip of a tool (tap) subjected to a machining test using a normal (unmodified) cutting oil as a comparative example.
The tip of the tool (tap) subjected to the machining test using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 16 has no blade spills, and the edge of the cutting edge is standing. On the other hand, the tip of the tool (tap) subjected to the machining test using the normal (unmodified) cutting oil of the comparative example shown in FIG. In addition, the edge of the blade was rounded and no sharpness was seen.

  This is because the cutting oil is modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention, and is in an emulsion state of fine particles. Therefore, the cutting oil is applied to the processing point where the tip of the tool being processed and the workpiece are in contact with each other. It seems that there was almost no wear at the tip of the tool despite the continuous 100-minute machining test due to sufficient penetration and sufficient cooling of the heat generated by lubrication and friction at the machining point. On the other hand, since normal (non-modified) cutting oil seems to have very large particles, the cutting oil penetrates into the processing point where the tip of the tool and the workpiece contacted for a continuous 100-minute processing test. And the cooling of the heat generated by lubrication and friction at the machining point becomes insufficient, so the tip of the tool seems to have melted or peeled off.

<State of workpiece surface>
The 3D photograph of the digital microscope of a processing surface is shown.
FIG. 18 is a 3D photograph of a processed surface of a workpiece that has been subjected to a processing test using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 19 is a 3D photograph of a processed surface of a workpiece that was subjected to a processing test using a normal (non-modified) cutting oil as a comparative example. As can be judged from FIG. 18 to FIG. 19, the surface roughness (height difference) of the processed surface of the workpiece subjected to the processing test using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention is 52. Whereas it is 2 μm, the surface roughness (height difference) of the processed surface of the work piece subjected to the processing test using the normal (non-modified) cutting oil as a comparative example was 386.6 μm. .

  This is because the cutting oil is modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus of the present invention, so that there is almost no wear on the tip of the tool (chip) in spite of the continuous 100-minute machining test, and the machining surface is less rough. It seems to have become. On the other hand, normal (non-modified) cutting oil seems to have increased the roughness of the machining surface due to the effect of melting or peeling off the tip of a tool (chip) subjected to a machining test for 100 minutes continuously. .

  In addition, as a result of continuous testing of the cutting oil reformer, the sludge softened to a level where air vacuum suction cleaning can be performed, which was previously performed by cutting and cleaning the fixed sludge with a scoop. The amount of sludge generated was 124 kg per 1000 hours before using the cutting oil reformer, but decreased by 72% to 34 kg per 1000 hours after using the cutting oil reformer.

  Next, water that was modified by tap water using anti-fluorite as a filter medium was added to the diluting solution used when diluting cutting fluids commonly used by Associate Professor Fumihito Sakurai, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gunma National College of Technology ( The following describes the results of research that quantitatively evaluates the effect on cutting when using modified water) and the effect of using a cutting fluid circulation device aimed at homogenizing the oil in the cutting fluid. To do.

<About the characteristics of water>
The water freshener used to reform the water is 10HH manufactured by Sawamoto Shoji Co., Ltd. The water freshener is filled with anti-fluorite and anti-fire stone processed products. The water was discharged at a rate of 500 mL per minute, and water with a water generator dropped once was used as an evaluation target. Compared with the reformed water, tap water (hereinafter referred to as tap water) flowing into the water generator, ion exchange produced by using the tap water using a commercially available pure water production device (SHIMAZU SWAC-520). Water (hereinafter ion-exchanged water) was taken up. In this study, in addition to water analysis (COD _MN , chlorine, NOx, NH ₄ , Ph) using a spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UVmini 1240), it seems to have an effect when used as a cutting fluid diluent. Since interfacial tension is considered as a characteristic, each interfacial tension was analyzed using a surface tensiometer (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. FACE automatic surface tensiometer CBVP-A3 type).

The result of the component analysis of water and the result of the interfacial tension are shown in FIGS.
The effect of the reformed water shown in FIG. 20 is that the reformed water obtained by permeating through the water generator is almost the same even though the tap water that is poured into the water generator is slightly alkaline. The point is approaching neutrality. Moreover, regarding the interfacial tension shown in FIG. 21, it was found that the reformed water had the lowest interfacial tension. Therefore, it is possible to easily make a cutting fluid having a low interfacial tension (hereinafter referred to as a modified cutting fluid) by using the modified water as a diluting liquid for the cutting fluid. It is expected that the penetrability of the workpieces between the workpieces will increase and a high lubrication effect will be obtained.

<Cutting test>
In order to quantitatively evaluate the effect of the reduced interfacial tension of the modified cutting fluid, an L8 orthogonal experiment based on the experimental design was conducted. The factors taken up were dilution water (tap water, reformed water), cutting oil reformer (used / unused), and cutting speed (high speed, low speed). The characteristic values for evaluation were vibration acceleration during cutting and surface roughness of the machined surface.
The cutting conditions were milling, workpiece: S45C, number of tool blades: 2 blades (Sumitomo Electric JSM2100 grade: high speed), cutting depth (axial cutting depth: 7 mm), feed rate per blade: 0.05 mm / edge.
A vibration diagnostic machine (LAN-ADC / KSK) manufactured by Kuramae Sangyo was used for measurement of vibration acceleration, and SJ-301 manufactured by Mitutoyo was used for measurement of surface roughness. In order to investigate the influence on the tool, the blade surface was observed using a digital microscope (Keyence VHX-1000).

<About vibration acceleration>
22 and 23 show graphs of measurement results of vibration acceleration. FIG. 22 shows processing using a conventional cutting fluid using tap water for dilution, and FIG. 23 shows processing using a modified cutting fluid modified by a cutting oil reforming device. Since the acceleration amplitude in FIG. 23 is smaller than that in FIG. 22, the acceleration amplitude can be suppressed by using the cutting oil modified by the cutting oil reforming apparatus.
As a result of analysis of variance regarding vibration and surface roughness during machining, the use of a modified cutting fluid modified by a cutting oil reformer reduced vibration during machining, resulting in good cutting. It was confirmed that the surface roughness of the workpiece after processing was also improved.

<Observation of end mill tip>
24 and 25 show the results of observing the flank wear at the tip of the end mill cutting edge when the cumulative cutting feed distance becomes 20 m. In the processing using the conventional cutting fluid using tap water for dilution in FIG. 24, chipping can be confirmed at the cutting edge portion at the tip, and the flank wear width also varies greatly accordingly. Furthermore, it can be confirmed from the undulation of the cutting edge that the damage is not limited to the flank side but covers the entire cutting edge. On the other hand, in the processing using the modified cutting fluid modified by the cutting oil reforming device of FIG. 25, the flank wear width is stable, and the chip edge is sufficiently straight though some chipping is seen. This indicates that stable cutting has been performed.

<Observation of Kiriko>
As an example of whether the same effect can be confirmed also in other cuttings, photographs of the rake face side of the rake face and its edge part (100 times magnification) in lathe processing are shown in FIGS. The heat-resistant alloy steel was processed at a peripheral speed of 80 m / min, a feed of 0.35 mm / rev, and a cutting depth of 0.5 mm.
In the conventional oil mist processing of cutting fluid using tap water for dilution shown in FIG. 26, the surface of the metal appears to be clean, but there is unevenness, indicating that the cutting fluid does not penetrate uniformly. Further, it can be seen that the edge portion is discolored and is deformed by high heat to cause entrainment. On the other hand, in the processing using the modified cutting fluid modified by the cutting oil reforming device of FIG. 27, although the horizontal stripes are visible, the degree of discoloration is small, and the edge portion is periodically formed like a saw tooth. This shows that stable cutting is performed.

  It was found that the reformed water produced by the water generator using anti-fluorite reduces the interfacial tension. In addition, by using the modified cutting fluid modified by the cutting oil reforming device, vibration during machining can be reduced, surface normality after machining is improved, and the burden on the tool is reduced. Therefore, it was confirmed that the tool life could be extended.

  The present cutting oil reforming apparatus can be applied to a cutting apparatus that uses cutting oil such as a machining center.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting oil reformer 2 1st cutting oil reforming part 3 1st stirring part 4 2nd cutting oil reforming part 5 2nd stirring part OL Cutting oil P Pump MC Cutting oil storage tank G Pressure gauge

Claims (4)

  In the method of modifying the cutting oil used in a cutting device such as a machining center, the first step of stirring the turbulent flow after the cutting oil stored in the oil storage tank of the cutting device is brought into contact with the anti-fluorite processed product in a pressurized state And a second step in which the mixture is further brought into contact with an anti-fluorite processed product in a pressurized state and then stirred by collision. The cutting oil reforming method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the pressurized state is preferably in a range of 3 kg / cm ² to 30 kg / cm ² .   The anti-fluorite processed product is an anti-fluorite burned body formed by sintering anti-fluorite powder, or an anti-fluorite burned body obtained by applying and sintering a glaze containing the anti-fluorite powder to the anti-fluorite burned body. The cutting oil reforming method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is any one of the above.   A suction part that sucks cutting oil stored in an oil storage tank of a cutting machine such as a machining center, and a space that is connected to the suction part to store an anti-fluorite processed product and contact the cutting oil. The first cutting oil reforming unit for modifying the cutting oil by contacting the anti-lithic stone processed product, and the first cutting oil reforming unit connected to the modified anti-lithic stone processed product. A first agitating unit for turbulently agitating the cutting oil, and a first agitating unit for storing an anti-fluorite processed product and bringing the turbulent-stirred cutting oil into contact with the anti-fluorite processed product A second cutting oil reforming section for modifying the turbulently agitated cutting oil by contacting the turbulently agitated cutting oil with the anti-fluorite processed product, and having a space; The cutting oil that is connected to the oil reforming unit and modified by contact with the anti-fluorite processing product A second stirring unit for jet stirring, and a return unit connected to the second stirring unit and returning the cutting oil jet-stirred by the second stirring unit to an oil storage tank of a cutting device such as a machining center. A cutting oil reformer characterized by comprising.