JP2011166038A - Solar cell module and roof structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar cell module for roofs, capable of eliminating damage caused by small animals and insects, e.g., by rats gnawing, and capable of being used in a long period of time, since solar cell modules laid on roofs of houses are used in a long period of time. <P>SOLUTION: The solar cell module 10 has a peculiar configuration in which a limited groove 21 is provided which crosses solar cells 17 (see Fig.3). A region above the limited groove 21 (B region) is not connected to a terminal box 14. The limited groove 21 crossing the solar cells 17 is positioned so as to be slightly exposed outside from overlap against a solar cell module 10-2 of the upper side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell module having a solar cell panel and installed on a roof. The present invention also relates to a roof structure on which the solar cell module is placed.

The solar cell module integrates a solar cell panel and an accessory for taking out electricity generated by the solar cell panel to the outside, and can generate electricity by receiving sunlight.
For example, in the solar cell module disclosed in Patent Document 1, a terminal box is provided on the back side of the solar cell panel. And the solar cell in a solar cell panel is connected to the terminal box. Further, a cable is connected to the terminal box. In the solar cell module disclosed in Patent Document 1, electricity generated by the solar cell in the solar cell panel is conducted to the terminal box and further taken out to the outside through the cable.
Here, in the solar cell module of the prior art, solar cells are distributed over substantially the entire area of the solar cell panel, and all of the solar cells over the almost entire area of the solar cell panel are connected to the terminal box.
That is, in the solar cell module of the prior art, power generation is performed in the entire area of the solar cell panel, and all the electricity generated in the entire area flows to the cable through the terminal box and is taken out to the outside.

In recent years, an increasing number of households employ a solar power generation system in which a solar cell module is installed on a roof of a general household and the electric power used in the home is covered by the electric power generated by the solar cell module.
Here, as a measure for installing the solar cell module on the roof of a general household, the solar cell module itself has a tile (roof member) function, and the solar cell module is laid on the roof base instead of the tile, and the slate tile There is a structure in which a solar cell module is further installed on a roof on which etc. are laid.

The former structure is, for example, the roof structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, and is called a roof tile-integrated solar cell module.
The latter structure is, for example, a roof structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, in which a mounting bracket is provided on a known slate roof, and a solar cell module is mounted via the mounting bracket.

  Regardless of which structure is adopted, the solar cell module is placed in a row and in a plurality of stages, with a part overlapping with the adjacent roof member and the remaining part exposed, like scales. Placed.

JP 2009-299465 A Japanese Patent No. 3609298

  The solar cell module can generate electric power by using solar energy that flows infinitely, is clean without exhausting exhaust gas, and is safe without danger of emitting radioactivity. Ordinary household roofs are usually places where nothing is placed. For this reason, installing solar cell modules on the roof to generate electricity and using this power as household power is an effective use of empty space, and can produce household power without causing any adverse effects. It can be said that it is a preferable structure.

  However, the structure of installing solar cell modules on the roof of ordinary households has a short history since it was developed, and it has not been verified in practice whether it can maintain sufficient performance for a long period of several decades. .

In other words, a house (building) is usually used for at least 40 to 50 years after construction, and the solar cell module installed in a house is required to have long-term durability as well. It is.
Here, the general durability performance, such as ozone resistance performance, ultraviolet resistance performance, rain resistance performance, heat resistance performance, etc., can be verified in a pseudo manner using a known environmental test apparatus or the like.
However, there is no such pseudo-verification method for harmful effects caused by animals such as mice, insects, and birds.
For this reason, there is no way to actually use it for a long time and monitor changes during this period.
However, based on past rules of thumb, measures should be taken in advance for sites where these organisms may cause harmful effects.

From this point of view, when observing the solar cell module of the prior art, it is noticed that there is a gap between the solar cell modules.
In other words, as described above, the solar cell modules are arranged in rows and plural steps on the roof, and are placed with a planar spread, and a part of the solar cell modules overlaps with the adjacent solar cell modules. However, there is a slight gap between solar cells that overlap one above the other. Further, there is a space that allows a mouse to enter between the end surface of the solar cell module positioned on the lower side and the solar cell module overlapping on the upper side.
Therefore, there is a concern that insects, spiders, birds, and the like enter these gaps and cause unexpected failures.
Here, some of the secretions secreted by insects, spiders, etc. may cause unexpected harm over the years. For example, formic acid secreted by ants is a strong acid, and by touching the formic acid over a long period of time, a part of the solar cell may be corroded.
In addition, a mouse may invade through a gap such as a raining board and bite the solar cell module.

  Therefore, the present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned concerns of the prior art, and it is an object to provide a solar cell module for roof that can be used for a long period of time.

  The invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problem is a solar cell module installed on the roof of a building, and the solar cell panel is electrically connected in series with unit cells separated by a plurality of grooves. The solar is characterized by being provided with a limited groove that crosses each unit cell and partitioned into a large working area and a small non-working area, and electricity is taken out only from the working area. It is a battery module.

In the solar cell module of the present invention, a limited groove that crosses each solar cell is provided. And it is divided into the working area with a large area, and the non-working area | region with a small area by the said limitation groove | channel.
The solar cell module of the present invention is installed on the roof of a building, and is arranged in a row and a plurality of steps and mounted with a planar spread, and a part of adjacent steps is installed, as is well known. It will be in the state which overlaps with a solar cell module. And in the solar cell module of this invention, the solar cell module of the step adjacent to the non-operation area | region with a small area can be piled up. In the present invention, electricity is taken out only from the operating area.
Therefore, even if a living thing enters the overlapping portion of the solar cell module and destroys a part of the solar cell, the solar cell is not short-circuited or leaked.
Further, since the non-operating area is a portion where the adjacent solar cell modules are stacked, the non-operating area is originally a shaded portion covered with the adjacent solar cell modules and does not contribute to power generation. Therefore, there is no inconvenience even if a configuration is adopted in which a limited groove is provided in the solar cell module and electricity is not taken out from a non-operating region with a small area.

  The invention according to claim 2 has a cable for taking out the electricity generated by the solar cell panel to the outside, the unit cell belonging to the operating region is connected to the cable, and the unit cell in the non-operating region is connected to the cable It is not carried out, It is a solar cell module of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the solar cell module of the present invention, since electricity is taken out by a cable, wiring is easy.

  In the invention according to claim 3, a terminal box is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module, unit cells belonging to the operating region are connected to the terminal box, and unit cells in the non-operating region are connected to the terminal box. It is not, It is a solar cell module of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.

  In the solar cell module of the present invention, a terminal box is provided, and the solar cell panel and the outside are electrically connected through the terminal box, and the wiring in the solar cell panel receives external force through the terminal box. Is prevented. Therefore, no disconnection occurs in the solar cell panel.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the solar cell panel is square in plan view, and a limiting groove is provided at a position 30 mm to 60 mm inside from one side thereof. It is a solar cell module in any one.

  The present invention shows an indication of the position of the limiting groove.

  The invention according to claim 5 is a stage in which the solar cell modules according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are arranged in a row and in a plurality of stages and placed with a planar spread, and a part of which is adjacent. The roof structure is characterized in that it overlaps with the solar cell module and a part of the solar cell module is exposed, and the non-operating region is disposed in an overlapping portion of the solar cell module.

  According to the roof structure of the present invention, even if an unexpected situation occurs in which one end of the solar cell module is scratched by a mouse, no short circuit or electric leakage occurs.

  The solar cell module of the present invention can be used for a long time. Moreover, the solar cell module of the present invention has high safety.

It is the perspective view which looked at the roof structure of the embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the slate tile employ | adopted with the roof structure of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the solar cell module employ | adopted with the roof structure of this embodiment, (a) is the perspective view which observed the solar cell module from the front side, (b) is the cross section which expanded the connector part of the 1st cable. (C) is sectional drawing to which the connector part of the 2nd cable was expanded. It is the perspective view which observed the solar cell module of FIG. 3 from the back surface side. It is the perspective view which observed the solar cell module of FIG. 3 from the front side, and has shown the back surface structure with the broken line. It is sectional drawing of the connector of the solar cell module of FIG. It is a perspective view of the eaves attachment bracket (eave attachment fixture) employ | adopted with the roof structure of this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the eaves tip attachment metal fitting of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the eaves-end attachment metal fitting of FIG. It is a perspective view of the intermediate attachment metal fitting (attachment tool) employ | adopted with the roof structure of this embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view of the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting of FIG. It is DD sectional drawing of FIG. It is EE sectional drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting of FIG. It is a perspective view of an intermediate mounting bracket (mounting tool) employed in the roof structure of the present embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the construction procedure of the roof structure of this embodiment, and is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the eaves edge attachment metal fitting to the eaves edge of the roof base | substrate. It is sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the roof structure in a state in which a first-stage slate roof tile is mounted, showing a process following the processes of FIGS. 16 and 17. It is sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the roof structure in a state in which a second-stage slate roof tile is mounted, showing a process following the process of FIG. 19. It is a perspective view which shows the process following the process of FIG. 20, and shows the state which attaches the fixing | fixed part structural member of the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting of a 1st step to the 2nd step slate roof tile. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the fixing | fixed part structural member at the time of attaching the fixing | fixed part structural member of the intermediate | middle attachment bracket of a 1st step to the 2nd step | slate roof tile. FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a state following the step of FIG. 23 and showing a state in which the third-stage slate roof tile is mounted in the first recess of the first-stage intermediate mounting bracket. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which screws the fixing | fixed part structural member of the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting of a 1st step to the 3rd step | slate roof tile. It is sectional drawing of FIG. It is a top view which shows the state which screwed the fixing | fixed part structural member of the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting of the 1st step to the 3rd step | slate roof tile. (A) is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the state which mounts the slate tile of the 4th step, (b) is an enlarged view in the circle. (A) is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the state which attached the lower board member of the 2nd step | paragraph intermediate | middle attachment bracket to the 4th step | line slate tile, (b) is an enlarged view in the circle | round | yen. . (A) It is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the state which mounted | wore with the 5th step | line slate tile in the 1st recessed part of the 2nd step | paragraph intermediate attachment metal fitting, (b) is the enlarged view in the circle | round | yen. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the fixing | fixed part structural member of the eaves edge attachment metal fitting and the intermediate attachment metal fitting to each slate roof tile. It is a conceptual diagram explaining the connection method of a solar cell module. It is an electrical wiring diagram which shows the connection structure of a solar cell module. It is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the state which attaches the 1st step | paragraph solar cell module to an eaves-end metal fitting. It is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the process following FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached | subjected the intermediate | middle board member (including pressing member) to the 1st step | paragraph fixing | fixed part structural member, and pressed the ridge side of the solar cell module. FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an intermediate plate member (including a pressing member) is attached to the first-stage fixing portion constituting member of FIG. 36. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the solar cell module of the 1st step | level. It is a perspective view which shows the state which attached the solar cell module of the 1st step and performed cable wiring. It is a top view which shows the state which attached the solar cell module of the 1st step and performed cable wiring. It is sectional drawing of the roof structure which shows the state which mounted the solar cell module of the 2nd step and covered the solar cell module of the 2nd step on the cable wiring. Sectional view of the roof structure showing a state in which the second-stage intermediate plate member (including the pressing member) is attached to the second-stage fixed portion constituting member and the ridge side of the second-stage solar cell module is pressed. It is. It is a top view which shows the state which attached the solar cell module of the 2nd step and performed cable wiring. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the rain finishing board to the eaves side of the solar cell module of the 3rd step | paragraph. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the solar cell module to the roof structure. It is a perspective view which shows the state which removes a connection piece from the state of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which removes a solar cell module from the state of FIG. FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view showing a step following FIG. 48. It is a perspective view which shows the intermediate | middle attachment metal fitting provided with the holding plate member of the form different from FIG. It is the perspective view which observed the solar cell module provided with the heat insulation reinforcement of another form from FIG. 5 from the front side, and has shown the back surface structure with the broken line. It is a conceptual diagram which illustrates notionally the layer structure of the integrated solar cell comprised by the solar cell panel employ | adopted by this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the overlapping condition of a solar cell module. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the overlapping condition of a solar cell module. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the overlap condition of the solar cell module different from FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the overlapping condition of the solar cell module different from FIG.

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below.
The roof structure 1 of the present embodiment has an eaves mounting bracket (eave mounting fixture) 5 and an intermediate mounting bracket (mounting fixture) on a basic roof structure 3 sown with a slate tile (roof member) 2 as shown in FIG. A solar cell module 10 is attached via 6. Moreover, the rain finishing board 11 is partially installed in the required part.

The slate roof tile 2 is a substantially rectangular thin plate formed of cement or the like as shown in FIG. The slate roof tile 2 is previously provided with four mounting holes 12 in a row near the center in the short direction. In this embodiment, the interval between the mounting holes 12 is not uniform, and the interval between the two central holes 12b and 12c is wider than the interval between the other holes.
More specifically, assuming that the four holes are the holes 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d from the left side of the drawing, the interval Wa between the holes 12a and 12b, the interval between the holes 12a and 12b, and the interval between the holes 12c and 12d. Wc is equal, and the interval Wb between the central holes 12b and 12c is wider than the interval Wa and Wc.

Next, the structure of the solar cell module 10 will be described. As will be described later, in this embodiment, the solar cell module 10 is laid in such a direction that the cables 16 and 18 are on the ridge side. Therefore, for convenience of explanation, the side on which the cables 16 and 18 protrude will be described as the upper side.
As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the solar cell module 10 employed in the present embodiment has two long sides and two short sides, and has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front. And each of solar cell panel 13, terminal box 14 (refer to Drawing 4) attached to the back of solar cell panel 13, two cables 16 and 18 extended from terminal box 14, and cables 16 and 18 And connectors 20 and 22 and a heat insulating reinforcing material 23 connected to each other. And it is possible to take out the electric power which solar cell panel 13 generated via terminal box 14 and cables 16 and 18.

The solar cell panel 13 is formed in a substantially rectangular surface as shown in FIG. The solar cell panel 13 desirably has a length in the longitudinal direction of 900 to 1200 [mm] and a length in the short direction of 230 to 650 [mm].
The length of the solar cell panel 13 in the longitudinal direction is about twice that of the slate roof tile 2 described above. The length AW of the solar cell panel 13 in the short direction is about 1.3 to 1.6 times the length aw of the slate roof tile 2 in the short direction. More specifically, the length (width) AW in the short direction of the solar cell panel 13 is longer than the length (width) aw in the short direction of the slate roof tile 2, and the two pieces of the slate roof tile 2 in the stacked state. The length is equivalent to minutes.

The solar cell panel 13 employed in the present embodiment is an integrated solar cell. In the solar cell panel 13, for example, a conductive film or a semiconductor film is laminated on a glass substrate, and a plurality of vertical grooves 15 are provided to form a predetermined number of unit cells (solar cells) 17, and each solar cell. What electrically connected 17 in series etc. is employable. The solar cell panel 13 of the present embodiment can obtain a voltage of about 100 volts by itself.
As described above, the solar cells 17 are electrically connected in series and connected to the terminal box 14.
For the sake of drawing, the number of grooves 15 is smaller than the actual number.

Moreover, the limitation groove | channel 21 which crosses each photovoltaic cell 17 is provided as a structure peculiar to the solar cell panel 13 of this embodiment. The position of the limiting groove 21 is a position that is about 30 mm to 60 mm inward from the upper side when the side from which the cables 16 and 18 are led out is the upper side. A more preferable position of the limiting groove 21 is a position that is on the inner side of about 30 mm to 50 mm from the upper side when the side from which the cables 16 and 18 are led out is the upper side.
In the solar cell panel 13, each of the solar cells 17 is divided by a limiting groove 21 into an A region (operating region) on the lower side of the drawing and a B region (non-operating region) on the upper side of the drawing. The region B is a portion (overlapping portion) that is covered with the solar cell module 10 on the ridge side and is shaded when the solar cell module 10 is laid on the roof. For this reason, in the present embodiment, only the solar cells 17 in the A region having a large area on the lower side of the drawing are connected to the terminal box 14, and the B region that does not contribute to power generation in the shade is connected to the terminal box 14. It has not been.

Hereinafter, the cross-sectional structures of the solar battery cell 17 and the limiting groove 21 of the solar battery panel 13 will be additionally described. FIG. 52 is an example of a conceptual diagram of a solar cell for simply explaining the layer configuration of the solar cell panel 13. As shown in FIG. 52, the solar cell panel 13 is formed by sequentially laminating a transparent conductive film 142, a semiconductor layer 143, and a back electrode film 144 on a glass substrate 141. The transparent conductive film 142 and the back electrode film 144 are stacked. A potential difference occurs between the two. That is, the transparent conductive film 142, the semiconductor layer 143, and the back electrode film 144 constitute a solar cell 140.
However, the voltage generated by one solar cell 140 is extremely low, and a single solar cell 140 alone does not reach a practical voltage. Therefore, a plurality of grooves 15 are provided in the thin film of the solar cell 140 to divide it into a large number of unit cells (solar cells 17), and the large number of solar cells 17 are electrically connected in series to increase to a practical voltage. Ingenuity has been made. Such a solar cell is called an integrated solar cell.

FIG. 53 is a conceptual diagram conceptually illustrating the layer structure of the integrated solar cell configured in the solar cell panel 13 employed in the present embodiment.
The layer structure of the integrated solar cell 155 of the solar cell panel 13 is such that a transparent conductive film 142, a semiconductor layer 143, and a back-side electrode film 144 are sequentially laminated on a glass substrate 141, and grooves 156, 157, 158 is formed.

That is, the first groove 156 is formed in the transparent conductive film 142, and the transparent conductive film 142 is divided into a plurality of parts. In addition, a second groove (electrical connection groove) 157 is formed in the semiconductor layer 143, the semiconductor layer 143 is divided into a plurality of parts, and a part of the back-side electrode film 144 enters the second groove 157 to form the groove. It is in contact with the transparent conductive film 142 at the bottom.
Further, a third groove 158 is formed by cutting away the back-side electrode film 144 and the semiconductor layer 143 and reaching the surface of the transparent conductive film 142.

  Further, in the vicinity of the end portion of the integrated solar cell 155, three rows of electrode connection grooves 159 extending from the back surface side electrode film 144 and the semiconductor layer 143 to the transparent conductive film 142 are provided. Solder 160 is poured into the electrode connection groove 159, and a lead 161 disposed on the upper portion of the laminated body is connected. The lead 161 communicates with the transparent conductive film 142 via the solder 160. Although not shown, the back-side electrode film 144 is also in electrical communication with another lead 161 and solder 160.

  A separation groove 162 is formed outside the electrode connection groove 159. As shown in FIG. 53, the separation groove 162 is a groove formed by removing all of the transparent conductive film 142, the semiconductor layer 143, and the back-side electrode film 144.

  And as a structure peculiar to this embodiment, the limitation groove | channel 21 which crosses each photovoltaic cell 17 is provided. The limited groove 21 is also a groove formed by removing all of the transparent conductive film 142, the semiconductor layer 143, and the back-side electrode film 144 as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, the outermost part of the glass substrate 141 is a bare ground portion 165 from which the laminate is removed.
Further, the further back side of the back side electrode film 144 is covered with a coating film (not shown).

The integrated solar cell 155 configured in the solar cell panel 13 includes a first groove 156 provided in the transparent conductive film 142, a semiconductor layer 143 (specifically, having a p layer, an i layer, and an n layer) and a back surface. Each thin film is partitioned by a third groove 158 provided in the side electrode film 144, and an independent cell is formed. As described above, a part of the back-side electrode film 144 enters the second groove 157, and a part of the back-side electrode film 144 is in contact with the transparent conductive film 142, and one cell is an adjacent cell. And electrically connected in series.
That is, the current generated in the semiconductor layer (solar cell film) 143 flows from the transparent conductive film 142 side toward the back electrode film 144 side, but a part of the back electrode film 144 is transparent via the second groove 157. The current generated in the first cell is in contact with the conductive film 142 and flows in the transparent conductive film 142 of the adjacent cell. For this reason, the voltages are sequentially added.

In the present embodiment, as described above, the limited groove 21 that crosses each solar battery cell 17 is provided, so that two large and small integrated solar batteries 163 and 164 are formed. As described above, the limiting groove 21 is formed by removing the transparent conductive film 142, the semiconductor layer 143, and the back-side electrode film 144 together, so that the large and small integrated solar cells 163 and 164 are formed as follows. It is electrically insulated.
In this embodiment, only the integrated solar cell 163 in the area A (operating area) on the lower side of the drawing is connected to the terminal box 14. The integrated solar cell 164 in the B region (non-operating region) is not connected to the terminal box 14.
That is, the A region (operating region) 161 a of the lead 161 provided at the end is connected to the terminal box 14, and the lead 161 b in the B region (non-operating region) is not connected to the terminal box 14.

  The grooves are formed by laser scribing using a laser processing machine. Sand blasting or the like is employed for forming the bare ground portion 165.

  Returning to the description of the solar cell module 10, as shown in FIG. 4, the terminal box 14 is fixed to the back side of the solar cell panel 13 using an adhesive or the like. The terminal box 14 is attached to a region on the one long side 150 side at the approximate center of the long side of the solar cell panel 13. More specifically, the terminal box 14 is attached to the back surface of the solar cell panel 13 and the upper position. Therefore, the terminal box 14 is located near the upper long side of the solar cell module 10. However, the position of the upper side of the terminal box 14 does not coincide with the upper side of the solar cell panel 13 but is attached to a position slightly inside the upper side. Specifically, there is a side on the upper side of the terminal box 14 at a position inside from about 30 mm to 50 mm.

  The terminal box 14 includes a positive electrode connection terminal (not shown) to which the positive electrode of the solar cell panel 13 is connected and a negative electrode connection terminal (not shown) to which the negative electrode of the solar cell panel 13 is connected. Is provided. In the terminal box 14, two plus side conductors 24, which are black clothes conductors, are connected to the plus side electrode connection terminal, and minus side electrode connection terminals, which are white clothes conductors, are connected to the minus side electrode connection terminal. Two conducting wires 26 are connected.

  The first cable 16 is formed by bundling one plus-side conductor 24 of the two plus-side conductors 24, 24 and one minus-side conductor 26 of the two minus-side conductors 26, 26. A two-core cable. The second cable 18 is formed by bundling the other plus-side conductor 24 of the two plus-side conductors 24 and 24 and the other minus-side conductor 26 of the two minus-side conductors 26 and 26. This is a two-core cable.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, the first cable 16 and the second cable 18 have different colors, and the first cable 16 has a positive core wire 24 and a negative side in a white insulating tube 16 a. A core wire 26 is arranged, and the second cable 18 has a plus-side core wire 24 and a minus-side core wire 26 arranged in a black insulating tube 18a.

  The first cable 16 and the second cable 18 are long and short, one is long and the other is short. Specifically, the first cable 16 is shorter than the second cable 18. The total length of the first cable 16 is less than 50% of the length of the long side of the rectangular solar cell panel 13, and the total length of the second cable 18 is the length of the long side of the solar cell panel 13. 50 percent or more.

  However, the total length of the first cable 16 and the length of the second cable 18 is longer than the length of the long side of the solar cell panel 13.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a first connector 20 and a second connector 22 are provided at the respective ends of the first cable 16 and the second cable 18. Although the colors of the first connector 20 and the second connector 22 are different, the structure is the same. In the present embodiment, the first connector 20 is white and the second connector 22 is black.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the first connector 20 and the second connector 22 include a pin-shaped terminal 28 and a socket-shaped terminal 30. The first connector 20 and the second connector 22 have a female piece 32 and a male piece 34, the pin-like terminal 28 is in the female piece 32, and the socket-like terminal 30 is in the male piece 34. is there.

  As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, in this embodiment, the plus-side core wire 24 is joined to the pin-like terminal 28 of the first connector 20, and the socket-like terminal 30 of the first connector 20 is joined to the socket-like terminal 30. The minus side core wire 26 is joined. Further, a minus-side core wire 26 is joined to the pin-like terminal 28 of the second connector 22, and a plus-side core wire 24 is joined to the socket-like terminal 30 of the second connector 22. That is, in the first connector 20, the pin-shaped terminal 28 is a positive electrode and the socket-shaped terminal 30 is a negative electrode. On the other hand, in the second connector 22, the pin-shaped terminal 28 is a negative electrode, and the socket-shaped terminal 30 is a positive electrode. Therefore, the first connector 20 and the second connector 22 are formed by fitting one female piece 32 and the other male piece 34 to connect one pin-like terminal 28 to the other socket-like terminal 30. It is possible to electrically connect the same poles.

Next, the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulation reinforcing member 23 is a foamed resin member that is attached to the back surface of the solar cell panel 13 in order to ensure the strength and heat insulation of the solar cell module 10. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 is in the center of the back surface of the solar cell panel 13, and the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 is missing in the vicinity of the vicinity of the lower side of the drawing to form a wiring storage space 41.
Further, a portion where the terminal box 14 is attached has a terminal box missing portion 43. Accordingly, the terminal box 14 is surrounded on three sides by the heat insulating reinforcing material 23. Further, a missing portion 45 is provided on both sides of the missing portion 43 for terminal box.
In the lower part of the missing part 45, the heat insulating reinforcing material 23 is thin and has a groove-like part 46.
Furthermore, the heat insulation reinforcement 23 is missing also in the vicinity part 40 of the long side 150 on the upper side of the solar cell panel. This portion is a portion that is placed on the front side of the front end area B of the intermediate mounting bracket 6. In addition, when the solar cell module 10 is laid on the roof, the missing portion 45 and the groove-like portion 46 are used when the connector is connected between the two solar cell modules 10 continuous on the eaves side and the ridge side. 16 and the second cable 18 can be passed.

  Side gaskets 47 are attached to the left and right short sides of the solar cell panel 13. The side gasket 47 is made of a resin material.

Next, the construction method of the roof structure 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated. In order to construct the roof structure 1 of the present embodiment, the first roof base is formed, and the slate tiles 2 are arranged in a row and in a plurality of stages on the roof structure 1 so as to have a planar spread. And when installing this slate roof tile 2, the eaves edge attachment metal fitting (eave edge attachment tool) 5 and the intermediate attachment metal fitting (attachment tool) 6 are attached.
That is, in this embodiment, the foundation roof structure 3 is constructed prior to the installation of the solar cell module 10.

The specific procedure is as follows.
That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the eaves drainage 68 of the normal slate tile 2 is installed at the eaves of the roof base, and the eaves attachment fitting (eave attachment fixture) 5 is installed. The position of the front portion 60 of the connecting piece 51 of the eaves mounting bracket 5 is the eaves side by the thickness of the eaves mounting bracket 5 (ml in FIG. 19) from the projected dimension of the slate roof tile 2 from the eaves (tl in FIG. 19). It will be the position that came out.
The eaves mounting bracket 5 is mounted by inserting a fastening element 115 such as a wood screw or a nail into the mounting hole 59 of the lower plate portion 52 and engaging the fastening element 115 with the roof base.
The eaves mounting bracket 5 is mounted with a small interval so that there is no gap in the eaves when viewed from the front 60 side.

  As shown in FIG. 17, in a state where the eaves mounting bracket 5 is attached to the eaves, the roof member holding recess 64 constituted by the lower plate portion 52, the first front rising portion 53, and the upper plate portion 55 is formed. Open to the side.

  And as the next process, the slate roof tile 2-1 of the row | line | column of the eaves side 1st step | line is installed. The side of the eaves side is held by the slate tile being fitted into the roof member holding recess 64 of the eaves tip mounting bracket 5 described above. (Fig. 18)

Subsequently, the second row of slate roof tiles 2-2 is installed from the eaves side.
The installation method of the second row of slate tiles 2-2 is the same as the known roof construction, and a part of the slate tile 2-1 of the first row of slate tiles 2-1 laid on the eaves side first. Then, a part of the eaves side of the slate roof tile 2-2 in the second row is overlaid (FIG. 20).

When the installation of the slate roof tiles 2-2 in the second row is finished, the nails 117 are inserted through the four mounting holes 12 of the slate roof tiles 2-2 in the second row to cover the nails 117. In this embodiment, the intermediate mounting bracket (mounting tool) 6 is attached in parallel with this step.
As a recommended procedure, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, the intermediate plate member 71 is detached from the assembled intermediate mounting member 6 and only the fixing member constituting member 70 is attached.

When the fixing of the slate roof tiles 2-2 in the second row is completed as shown in FIG. 23, the slate roof tiles 2-3 in the third row are then attached as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the side of the eaves side of the slate roof tile 2-3 in the third row enters deeply into the first recess 105.

  In this state, the third row of slate roof tiles 2-3 are present in the entire area below the upper plate member 73 of the intermediate mounting bracket 6. Then, as the next step, as shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, one of the mounting holes 80a and 80b provided near the rear end of the upper plate member 73 of the intermediate mounting bracket 6 and the slate in the third row. One of the holes 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d of the roof tile 2-3 is matched, and a nail 118 (a nail or a screw) is inserted through both of them to fix the intermediate mounting bracket 6.

  Subsequently, the slate roof tiles 2-4 in the fourth row are laid. The laying operation of the fourth row of slate roof tiles is substantially the same as the above-described laying operation of the second row of slate roof tiles 2-2. A part on the eaves side of the slate roof tile 2-4 in the fourth row is overlapped with a part on the ridge side 2-3 (FIG. 29).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 30, when the installation of the slate roof tiles 2-4 in the fourth row is finished, the slate roof tiles 2-4 in the fourth row are finished as in the laying work of the second row. The nails 119 are inserted into the four mounting holes 12 and engaged with the roof base, and the intermediate mounting bracket 6 is attached in parallel with this process. The work of attaching the intermediate mounting bracket 6 is the same as the work of the second row. Then, as shown in FIG. 31, the slate roof tile 2-5 is attached by the same method as the slate roof tile 2-3 described above.

In this way, the fifth and sixth stages are sequentially constructed, and the slate roof tile 2 is attached until reaching the building. Then, as shown in FIG. 32, the laying of the slate tile 2 is completed on the roof base, and the foundation roof structure 3 is completed.
As a result, the eaves mounting bracket 5 is fixed to the most eaves side of the roof, and only the fixed portion constituting member 70 of the intermediate mounting bracket 6 is mounted on every other slate tile 2.

Subsequently, the solar cell module 10 is installed on the basic roof structure 3.
In the present embodiment, the solar cell module 10 is wired when the solar cell module 10 is laid.

The solar cell modules 10 are arranged on the foundation roof structure 3 in a row and in a plurality of stages and are placed with a planar spread, but the wiring is simple, and the solar cell modules 10 adjacent on the same row are arranged. Just connect the cable.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 33, in the adjacent solar cell modules 10, 10, the first connector 20 of one solar cell module 10 and the second connector 22 of the other adjacent solar cell module 10 are When connected, two adjacent solar cell modules 10 and 10 can be electrically connected in parallel as shown in FIG. That is, by connecting the white first connector 20 attached to the white first cable 16 and the black second connector 22 attached to the black first cable 18, the adjacent solar cell modules 10, Ten parallel connections are possible. Therefore, the solar cell module 10 of this embodiment connects all the solar cell modules 10 included in the module stage 36 sequentially in parallel by connecting the left and right adjacent solar cell modules 10 and 10 using the cables 16 and 18. Can be connected to.

  Hereinafter, the process of attaching the solar cell module 10 onto the basic roof structure 3 and the cable wiring work performed in parallel therewith will be described.

The solar cell module 10 is laid in order from the eaves side row.
Since the eaves mounting bracket 5 is attached to the eaves by the operation of constructing the basic roof structure 3 described above, the solar cell modules 10-1 in the first row are inserted into the module holding recesses 65 of the eaves mounting bracket 5. Engage the eaves side (the side where the cable does not protrude).
That is, as shown in FIG. 35, in the eaves-end fitting 5, a module holding recess 65 is constituted by the support base 57, the second front rising portion 58, and the cover plate constituting portion 61, and the module holding recess 65 is a building. It opens toward the ridge side. Therefore, the eaves side of the solar cell module 10-1 is slid into the module holding recess 65 from the ridge side.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 36, the ridge side of the solar cell module 10-1 (the side from which the cable protrudes) is the central area of the fixing member constituting member 70 attached to the second-stage slate roof tile 2-2. Place on the front side of B.
Then, the intermediate plate member 71 and the pressing plate member 74 are attached to the fixed portion constituting member 70 while the ridge side of the solar cell module 10-1 is placed on the front end portion of the central area B. In practice, the intermediate plate member 71 and the pressing plate member 74 are integrated in advance, and in this state, the intermediate plate member 71 and the pressing plate member 74 are attached to the fixed portion constituting member 70 (FIG. 37).

In this state, as shown in FIG. 38, the solar cell module 10-1 is engaged with the module holding recess 65 of the eaves end mounting bracket 5 on the eave side and the second recess 106 of the intermediate mounting bracket 6 on the ridge side. Since the two sides are engaged with each other, both sides facing each other are held and cannot be detached from the foundation roof structure 3.
Moreover, since the cover 66 and the protective member 67 are provided in the module holding recess 65 that engages with the eaves side, the eaves side of the solar cell module 10-1 is not damaged and does not rattle.

When the solar cell modules 10-1 in the first row are attached in this manner, the cables are subsequently wired between the adjacent solar cell modules.
That is, the first cable 16 and the second cable 18 of the adjacent solar cell modules 10-1 and 10-1 are connected.

  Here, in the solar cell module 10 of the present embodiment, the first cable 16 is formed shorter than the second cable 18 as described above. Therefore, in the solar cell module 10, the operator confirms the length of the cables 16, 18, so that the connectors 20, 22 attached to the cables 16, 18 are the first connectors 20, or the second connectors 22. It can be instantly determined.

Moreover, in this embodiment, since the cables 16 and 18 protrude from the long side 150 on the ridge side of the solar cell module 10, the connection work between the connectors 20 and 22 is performed on the outer upper side of the solar cell module 10. Can do. When the solar cell modules 10 in the upper row are installed, the cables 16 and 18 (including the connectors 20 and 22) wired in the wiring storage space 41 of the solar cell modules 10 in the upper row are accommodated. Become.
Here, in this embodiment, since the hook portion 77 is provided in the intermediate mounting bracket 6, the cable processing is facilitated by engaging the cable that has been wired with the hook portion 77.

That is, as shown in FIG. 39, at the stage where the first-stage solar cell module 10-1 has been laid, the upper stage portion is still in a state where the slate roof tile 2 is exposed, The hook portion 77 provided on the plate member 73 is exposed to the outside.
Therefore, the connected cables as shown in FIGS. 40 and 41 can be easily engaged with the hook portion 77. The cable is positioned by being engaged with the hook portion 77, and the cable is prevented from going further to the ridge side than the hook portion 77.

Subsequently, the second-stage solar cell module 10-2 is laid.
As shown in FIGS. 42 and 43, the second-stage solar cell module 10-2 is installed between the intermediate mounting brackets 6. That is, the intermediate mounting bracket 6 is mounted on every two slate roof tiles 2 as described above.
The second-stage solar cell module 10-2 includes an intermediate mounting bracket 6 that holds the ridge side of the first-stage solar cell module 10-1 (hereinafter referred to as a lower-side intermediate mounting bracket 6) and an upper side thereof. Are fixed to an intermediate mounting bracket 6 (hereinafter referred to as an upper-side intermediate mounting bracket 6).
Specifically, in the second-stage solar cell module 10-2, the side on the eave side is engaged with the third recess 107 (module mounting portion) of the lower-side intermediate mounting bracket 6.

On the other hand, the ridge side of the solar cell module 10-2 (the side from which the cable protrudes) is the upper side attached to the fourth-stage slate roof tile 2-4, like the first-stage solar cell module 10-1. The fixed portion constituting member 70 is placed on the front end side of the central area B (FIG. 42).
Then, the intermediate plate member 71 and the pressing plate member 74 are attached to the fixed portion constituting member 70 while the ridge side of the solar cell module 10-2 is placed on the central area B, and the back side of the intermediate plate member 71 is attached. Hold with. As a result, the second recessed portion 106 is formed by the front plate side area A and the central area B of the upper plate member 73 of the upper intermediate fitting 6 and the intermediate plate member 71 provided on the upper plate member 73. The side of the ridge side of the solar cell module 10-2 is engaged with the recess 106, and the opposite sides of the solar cell module 10-2 are held, and the solar cell module 10-2 cannot be detached from the foundation roof structure.

As shown in FIG. 44, the cables 16 and 18 of the first-stage solar cell modules 10-1 and 10-1 previously wired are provided on the upper plate member 73 of the lower-side intermediate mounting bracket 6. Since the hook portion 77 is engaged, the cable is stored in the wiring storage space 41 on the back surface side of the solar cell module.
That is, as described above, the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 is provided on the back surface side of the solar cell module 10, but the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 is missing and a predetermined gap is provided in the vicinity of the eave side. . In this embodiment, since the cable is engaged with the hook part 77 protruding from the foundation roof structure part side, the cable does not enter the ridge side excessively. Therefore, even if the second-stage solar cell module 10-2 is installed, the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 of the second-stage solar cell module 10-2 steps on the cable of the first-stage solar cell module 10-1. There is nothing.

  Further, when attention is paid to the overlapping portion of the first-stage solar cell module 10-1 and the solar cell module 10-2 that overlaps the first-stage solar cell module 10-1, the limiting groove 21 that crosses the solar cell 17 as shown in FIG. The solar cell module 10-2 is slightly out of the eave side. That is, the limiting groove 21 crossing the solar battery cell 17 is located at a position slightly exposed to the outside from the overlapping portion of the solar battery modules 10-1 and 10-2 as shown in FIG. The area B (non-operating area) of the module 10-1 overlaps with the solar cell module 10-2 over which most of the area overlaps.

  When all the second-stage solar cell modules 10-2 have been installed in this way, the cables are wired in the same manner as described above, and the cables are engaged with the hook portions 77. Further, a third-stage solar cell module 10-3 is installed. Thus, the solar cell modules 10 are sequentially installed, and when the installation of the desired number of stages is completed, the rain closing plate 11 is installed on the ridge side of the uppermost solar cell module 10 to complete the construction (FIG. 45).

Moreover, the solar cell module 10 of above-mentioned embodiment is provided with the limitation groove | channel 21 which crosses each photovoltaic cell 17 as a specific structure (refer FIG. 3). A region (B region) above the limiting groove 21 is not connected to the terminal box 14.
This configuration is a configuration recommended for making the solar cell module 10 last longer. In other words, the above-described B region is a portion that is covered with the solar cell module 10 on the ridge side and is not shaded, and does not contribute to power generation. Therefore, there is no inconvenience even if the solar cell module 10 is provided with the limiting groove 21 and the region (B region) above the limiting groove 21 is not connected to the terminal box 14.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, this portion is a gap portion between the solar cell modules 10 and is a portion that may cause an unexpected failure due to the invasion of insects, spiders, birds, or the like.
That is, in this embodiment, each solar cell module 10 is attached via the intermediate mounting bracket 6. Since the intermediate mounting bracket 6 has a certain thickness, there is inevitably a gap between the eaves-side free end of each solar cell module 10 and the solar cell module 10 therebelow, so that insects and the like are present. invade. For example, there is a concern that bees may invade and form a nest, and ants may invade and form a nest.
Here, some of the secretions secreted by insects, spiders, etc. may cause unexpected harm over the years. For example, formic acid secreted by ants is a strong acid, and by touching this formic acid over a long period of time, a part of the solar cell module 10 may be corroded.

In addition, since the region B is a portion that is covered with the solar cell module 10 and is shaded, the state cannot be seen from the outside. Therefore, for example, a mouse may enter from the gap between the raining plates 11 and bite the solar cell module 10.
For this reason, the region (B region) above the limiting groove 21 has a fear of causing an unexpected short circuit, disconnection, or electric leakage. In addition, since the region is not visible from the outside, it is difficult to find the cause of the failure when a failure occurs, and there is a concern that all the solar cell modules 10 will be replaced after all.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the portion covered with the solar cell module 10 on the ridge side is electrically separated by the limiting groove 21 to eliminate the concern about the accident.

In the embodiment shown above, as shown in FIG. 54, the configuration is illustrated at a position where the limiting groove 21 crossing the solar battery cell 17 is slightly exposed to the outside from the overlapping portion with respect to the solar battery module 10-2 on the upper side. However, as shown in FIG. 55, the limiting groove 21 that crosses the solar battery cell 17 may be at a position directly below the eaves side of the upper solar battery module 10-2.
According to this structure, all the A area | region (operating area | region) of the lower solar cell module 10-1 is exposed and sunlight is irradiated, and all B area | regions (non-operating area | region) are hidden behind a shadow.

Or like FIG. 56, the limitation groove | channel 21 which crosses the photovoltaic cell 17 may exist in the overlap part with respect to the photovoltaic module 10-2 of an upper side.
According to this configuration, a part of the A region (operating region) of the lower solar cell module 10-1 is hidden in the shadow, and all the B regions (non-operating region) are hidden in the shadow.

  In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate member 74 of the intermediate mounting bracket 6 employs a member having an L-shaped cross section, but the shape of the pressing plate member is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 50, a pressing plate member 114 having a “U” cross section may be used. The shape of the pressing plate member may be changed as appropriate.

  Moreover, in embodiment described above, although the heat insulation reinforcing material 23 which has the groove-shaped part 46 was attached to the solar cell module 10, the shape and number of heat insulation reinforcing materials are not restricted to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 51, a heat insulating reinforcing material 135a having a "concave" shape in front view is attached to the central portion of the solar cell module 10, and 135b and 135c having substantially square shapes in front view are attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction. May be. You may change suitably the shape and number of a heat insulation reinforcing material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Roof structure 10 Solar cell module 13 Solar cell panel 14 Terminal box 17 Single battery 16 Cable 18 Cable 21 Limited groove A Operation area B Non-operation area

Claims (5)

  It is a solar cell module installed on the roof of a building, and the solar cell panel is a unit cell in which a plurality of unit cells separated by a plurality of grooves are electrically connected in series, and a limited groove is provided across each unit cell. The solar cell module is divided into an operation area with a large area and a non-operation area with a small area, and electricity is taken out only from the operation area.   It has a cable for taking out the electricity generated by the solar cell panel to the outside, the unit cell belonging to the operating region is connected to the cable, and the unit cell of the non-operating region is not connected to the cable. Item 2. The solar cell module according to Item 1.   A terminal box is provided on the back surface of the solar cell module, unit cells belonging to the operating region are connected to the terminal box, and unit cells in the non-operating region are not connected to the terminal box. 3. The solar cell module according to 1 or 2.   The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar cell panel has a quadrangular plan view, and a limiting groove is provided at a position 30 mm to 60 mm inside from one side.   5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell modules are arranged in a row and in a plurality of stages and mounted with a planar spread, and a part of the solar cell modules overlaps with a part of adjacent solar cell modules. The roof structure, wherein the non-operating region is disposed in an overlapping portion of the solar cell module.

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