JP2011163594A - Operation control system and operation control method of solar heat receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve accuracy in correcting a heliostat by accurately monitoring a temperature in a heat receiver. <P>SOLUTION: This operation control system includes a plurality of thermographies 40 for monitoring a temperature inside of a casing 11, an image processor 41 creating a temperature distribution in which a temperature image data acquired from the thermography 40 is connected to its position, and extracting and analyzing a temperature anomaly section, and a heliostat control device 42 correcting an angle of an optional heliostat 102 on the basis of the temperature anomaly section obtained by the image processor 41, and an operation of the heat receiver is controlled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an operation control system and an operation control method of a solar heat receiver for heating a fluid medium that drives a turbine of a solar thermal power generation apparatus.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of preventing global warming and reducing the use of fossil fuels, power generation using clean energy such as natural energy that emits less harmful substances such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and recycled energy that recycles resources Attention has been paid. The amount of clean energy exceeds the amount of power energy required worldwide. However, the energy distribution of clean energy is wide, and effective energy (energy that can be taken out and used outside) is low. Due to this, power generation using clean energy is not sufficiently widespread because of low conversion efficiency to power and high power generation costs. Therefore, as a power generation method, power generation by solar thermal energy using a power generation technology such as a gas turbine, a steam turbine, and a cas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) is expected (for example, see Patent Document 1).

By the way, in the use of solar thermal energy, usually, light collection and heat collection are performed by a combination of a light collecting device using a mirror and a heat receiver. There are generally two types of methods of combining the light collecting device and the heat receiver: a trough light collecting method and a tower light collecting method.
In the trough condensing method, sunlight is reflected by a semi-cylindrical mirror (trough), the light is collected and collected on a pipe passing through the center of the cylinder, and the temperature of the heat medium passing through the pipe is increased. However, in the trough condensing method, since the uniaxial control changes the direction of the mirror so as to track the sunlight, a high temperature rise of the heat medium cannot be expected.

  On the other hand, the tower condensing method is a heliostat (sunlight condensing) so that the condensing heat receiver is arranged on the tower portion (supporting portion) erected from the ground and surrounds the periphery of the tower portion. A plurality of reflected light control mirrors for collecting light called “system” are arranged, and the sunlight reflected by these heliostats is led to a light collecting heat receiver to collect and collect heat. In recent years, from the viewpoint of further improving the efficiency of the power generation cycle, the tower condensing type power generation device (tower condensing device) capable of higher temperature is used for the heat medium exchanged by the condensing heat receiver. Development is actively underway.

Japanese Patent No. 2951297

However, the conventional heat receiver has the following problems.
That is, in the heat receiver in the conventional tower condensing device, the inside is blackened, and a method is adopted in which the whole is heated by internal radiant heat transfer with incident solar heat. In order to suppress the loss of radiation heat from the inside of the heat receiver, it is made as small as possible, connects the focus of the light collected near this opening, and has a structure in which light spreads and enters the heat receiver . Therefore, a portion near the entrance of the heat receiver is incident from a heliostat arranged outside the group of heliostats arranged in a substantially axial object, so that a large amount of light is caused by the area (number of heliostats) effect. Although it is irradiated, this increases the amount of heat input to the heat receiving tube near the entrance.

  On the other hand, in the conventional heat receiver control method, since the solar radiation intensity varies depending on the season and time, the number of heliostats to be installed is usually determined under conditions of low solar radiation intensity, and when the amount of solar radiation is large, an extra heliostat is used. Control is performed such as tilting and not condensing light. In conventional heat receivers that perform such control, the solar image that overlaps within the heat receiver varies due to the resolution of the angle control of the heliostat and mechanical errors, especially in the region near the entrance and where the amount of incident heat is large. As a result, a heat spot was generated in the heat receiving tube, and there was a risk of melting or deformation. In addition, when sunlight hitting a part of the heliostat is blocked by clouds, a temperature distribution is attached in the longitudinal direction of the heat receiving pipe, or a part of the heat receiving pipes has a temperature distribution. Fluctuations occurred, some heliostat mechanisms or control systems failed, and there was a risk that the part where the light was concentrated locally would be thermally deformed or blown. For this reason, the gas temperature at the outlets of the plurality of heat receiving tubes fluctuates, the outlet gas temperature becomes unstable, and the operation of the turbine becomes unstable, causing problems such as unstable power generation.

  Therefore, conventionally, the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat receiving pipe is managed, and when the temperature is out of the set temperature, the angle of the heliostat is corrected. However, it is difficult to grasp the partial temperature inside the heat receiver only from the gas temperature of the heat receiving pipe, and the correction accuracy is not sufficient, and there is room for improvement in that respect.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an operation control system and an operation control method for a solar heat receiver that can improve the correction accuracy of the helium attainment by accurately monitoring the temperature in the heat receiver. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, in the operation control system for a solar heat receiver according to the present invention, a casing having an opening through which sunlight reflected by a heliostat is incident, and the casing is arranged in the casing circumferential direction and inside the casing. A solar heat receiver operation control system comprising a plurality of heat receiving pipes through which a heat medium flows, temperature monitoring means for monitoring the temperature inside the casing, temperature data acquired by the temperature monitoring means, and temperature associated with the position A temperature processing means for creating a distribution and performing an analysis for extracting a temperature abnormal part; and a heliostat control means for correcting an angle of an arbitrary heliostat based on the temperature abnormal part obtained by the temperature processing means. It is characterized by.

  Moreover, in the operation control method of the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, a casing having an opening through which sunlight reflected by the heliostat is incident, and the heat medium circulates in the casing while being arranged in the casing circumferential direction. A solar heat receiver operation control method comprising a plurality of heat receiving tubes, the first step of monitoring the temperature inside the casing, the temperature data acquired in the first step and the temperature distribution associated with the position is created, It has the 2nd process which performs the analysis which extracts a temperature abnormal part, and the 3rd process which correct | amends the angle of arbitrary heliostats based on the temperature abnormal part obtained by the 2nd process.

  In the present invention, temperature data obtained by monitoring the temperature inside the casing and a temperature distribution that associates the position with the temperature data are created, an analysis for extracting the temperature abnormal portion is performed, and any temperature based on the temperature abnormal portion is analyzed. By correcting the angle of the heliostat, it is possible to accurately adjust the heat receiving tube temperature so that it does not exceed the operating temperature of the material for the heat receiving tube with a large heat flux. Loss can be prevented and the strength life can be improved.

In the operation control system for the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, the temperature monitoring means is an infrared thermography for capturing a temperature image, and the temperature processing means is an image processing apparatus for analyzing temperature image data obtained by the infrared thermography. It is preferable that
In the present invention, temperature image data can be acquired by using infrared thermography, and an abnormal temperature portion can be reliably detected by image processing of the temperature image data.

Moreover, in the operation control method of the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, in the first step, an infrared thermography that captures a temperature image is used, and the temperature distribution is obtained by dividing a developed view inside the casing captured by the infrared thermography into meshes. It is preferable that it is obtained by.
In the present invention, by dividing the development inside the casing into meshes, it becomes easy to compare the temperature distribution in the height direction and the circumferential direction, and an accurate position can be specified.

Moreover, in the operation control method of the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, the heliostat is provided with a pyranometer that measures the solar radiation intensity, and the heliostat to be used is identified according to the solar radiation intensity and is incident on the casing. It is preferable that a heat input amount calculation device for calculating the heat amount of light is provided and reflected in the correction data obtained in the third step based on the result obtained by the heat input amount calculation device.
In the present invention, the result calculated based on the solar radiation intensity can further correct the angle of the heliostat obtained from the temperature abnormal portion, so that more accurate operation control can be performed.

  Moreover, in the operation control method of the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, in the first step, a step of detecting a temperature abnormal portion that deviates from the preset average temperature from the temperature distribution, the temperature abnormal portion and its surroundings Preferably, the method includes a step of calculating the temperature inclination angle based on the temperature difference and the positional relationship, and a step of specifying a heliostat corresponding to the temperature inclination angle and performing correction for adjusting the angle.

Moreover, in the operation control method of the solar heat receiver according to the present invention, it is preferable that the first to third steps are performed when an abnormality is detected in the outlet gas temperature of the heat receiving tube.
In the present invention, since the outlet side gas temperature of the heat receiving pipe can be reflected in the operation control method, for example, when the outlet side gas temperature significantly decreases, it is possible to perform control to increase the number of heliostats used.

  According to the operation control system and the operation control method of the present invention, the temperature in the heat receiver can be accurately monitored using infrared thermography or the like, and the angle of the heliostat can be corrected with high accuracy based on the temperature data. Because the heat receiving tube temperature can be adjusted accurately so that the heat receiving tube temperature does not exceed the operating temperature of the material, the heat receiving tube can be prevented from being deformed or melted. Can be improved. Accordingly, fluctuations in the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat receiving pipe are suppressed, and the temperature of the collective gas on the outlet side can be stabilized, so that the operation of the turbine can be stabilized.

It is a figure which shows the tower type sunlight condensing heat receiver by embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the arrangement configuration of the heliostat around a tower. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the tower upper part, Comprising: (a) is a top view which shows schematic structure of the tower upper part, (b) is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the tower upper part. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of a heat receiver. It is a perspective view of the heat receiving pipe shown in FIG. It is AA sectional view taken on the line in FIG.3 (b), Comprising: It is a figure which shows the structure of a radiation shield board. It is the perspective view seen from the arrow B of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline | summary structure of the operation control system of a heat receiver. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation control method of a heat receiver, Comprising: It is a top view of a heat receiver. It is a figure which shows the mesh division | segmentation of the temperature image data acquired from thermography. It is a mimetic diagram showing the outline composition of the operation control system based on solar radiation intensity. It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the operation control method of a heat receiver.

  Hereinafter, an operation control system and an operation control method according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This embodiment shows one aspect of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Moreover, in the following drawings, in order to make each structure easy to understand, an actual structure and a scale, a number, and the like in each structure are different.

First, the configuration of a tower-type solar light collecting heat receiver in which the operation control system and the operation control method according to the present embodiment are employed will be described with reference to the drawings.
The tower-type solar condensing heat receiver shown in FIG. 1 has a heat receiver placed on a high tower, and a number of concentrating reflected light control mirrors called heliostats are placed on the surrounding ground. The light is condensed.
As shown in FIG. 1, a heliostat field 101 is provided on the ground G. On this heliostat field 101, a plurality of heliostats 102 for reflecting sunlight are arranged. In addition, a tower-type solar light collecting heat receiver 100 that receives the solar light guided by the heliostat 101 is provided at the center of the heliostat field 101. As shown in FIG. 2, the heliostat 102 is disposed on the entire 360 ° circumference of the tower-type solar light collecting heat receiver 100.

  The tower-type solar condensing heat receiver 100 is composed of a tower 110 erected on the ground G and a heat receiver 10 (solar heat receiver) installed in the accommodation chamber 120 above the tower 110.

  The tower 110 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing members 111. The reinforcing members 111 are provided so as to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the tower 110 and have an interval (distance between adjacent reinforcing members) P. The interval P increases as it approaches the upper portion of the tower 110 (the side on which the heat receiver 10 is installed) in a range that is an optical path for allowing light from the sun to enter the heat receiver 10 from the heliostat 102. Thereby, the light reflected by the heliostat 102 is condensed on the heat receiver 10 above the tower 110 without being blocked by the reinforcing member 111. The arrangement structure of the reinforcing member 111 is preferably a truss structure, for example, from the viewpoint of ensuring rigidity.

The storage chamber 120 at the top of the tower 110 has a circular shape in plan view.
The storage chamber 120 has a structure having two storage chambers, an upper storage chamber 121 and a lower storage chamber 122. On the lower surface side of the lower housing chamber 122, an opening 122c for taking in sunlight is provided. The opening 122c has a circular shape according to the spot diameter of sunlight.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the heat receiver 10 includes a cylindrical casing 11 and a heat receiving pipe 20, and is provided in the lower housing chamber 122. Specifically, the heat receiver 10 is fixed to the upper wall 122a of the lower housing chamber 122 via the hanger 12 and is suspended from the upper wall 122a in the lower housing chamber 122. That is, the heat receiver 10 is arranged away from the inner wall of the lower housing chamber 122 so as not to contact the inner wall of the lower housing chamber 122. A plurality of the suspension tools 12 are provided in the circumferential direction of the upper wall 122a and have a flexible structure. The hanger 12 penetrates the casing 11. Thereby, when heat exchange is performed inside the heat receiver 10 and the temperature becomes high (for example, 900 ° C. or higher), the casing 11 can be allowed to deform due to thermal expansion. Further, an opening 11 b for taking in sunlight is provided on the lower surface side of the casing 11. The opening 11b has a circular shape according to the spot diameter of the sunlight, similarly to the opening 122c described above.

  On the other hand, in the upper storage chamber 121, a gas turbine 30 that operates using a fluid (heat medium) heated by the heat receiver 10 as a working fluid, and a generator 33 that extracts the operating energy of the gas turbine 30 as electric power are disposed. . The gas turbine 30 sucks a fluid (for example, air) serving as a heat medium and compresses it to generate a compressed fluid, and the fluid compressed by the compressor 31 and heated by the heat receiver 10 is a working fluid. And a turbine 32 that operates as follows. Then, the kinetic energy generated by the rotation of the turbine 32 is converted into electric energy by the generator 33 and is taken out as electric power.

  In the upper storage chamber 121, a temperature sensor that detects the heat received by the heat receiver 10, an auxiliary drive device that starts the gas turbine 30, and a working fluid that operates before being heated by the heat receiver 10, as necessary. A regenerative heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the fluid and the exhaust of the turbine 32, an auxiliary combustor for auxiliary combustion of the working fluid to flow into the turbine 32, and a silencer for canceling vibration of the generator 33 are arranged. May be. Thus, equipment installation area can be reduced by concentrating and arranging the devices on the top of the tower 110.

  Further, an opening 121 b for taking in fluid (atmosphere) supplied to the compressor 31 is provided on the side surface of the upper storage chamber 121. The opening 121b is used to discharge the exhaust from the turbine 32 to the outside as necessary.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the heat receiving pipe 20 includes a lower header pipe 21, an upper header pipe 22, and a heat receiving pipe main body 23. The lower header tube 21 has a ring shape and is disposed at the lower portion of the casing 11. Specifically, the lower header pipe 21 is exposed to the outside of the casing 11 and is disposed in the vicinity of the lower wall 122 b in the lower housing chamber 122.

A plurality of heat receiving pipe main bodies 23 are provided between the upper header pipe 22 and the lower header pipe 21, one end is connected to the upper header pipe 22 and the other end is connected to the lower header pipe 21. These heat receiving pipe main bodies 23 flow the working fluid flowing out from the lower header pipe 21 into the upper header pipe 21. The heat receiving pipe main body 23 is provided with a predetermined interval (gap) in the circumferential direction of the upper header pipe 22 (lower header pipe 21). The other end of the heat receiving pipe main body 23 is exposed to the outside of the casing 11. The heat receiving pipe main body 23 has a linear shape along the longitudinal direction of the casing 11 so that bending stress due to its own weight is not applied.
In addition, the flow direction of the working fluid flowing in the heat receiving pipe main body 23 is one direction.

  The lower header tube 21 is a ring-shaped or polygonal refracting tube, and is disposed at the lower portion of the casing 11. Specifically, the lower header pipe 21 is exposed to the outside of the casing 11 and is disposed in the vicinity of the lower wall 122 b in the lower housing chamber 122. With the above configuration, the heat receiving pipe 20 has a structure in which the upper header pipe 22 is fixed to the upper wall 122a in the lower housing chamber 122 via the hanger 12 and is suspended from the upper wall 122a as a whole.

  The lower header pipe 21 is provided with an L-shaped inlet pipe 13. A connection pipe 14 is provided between the inlet pipe 13 and the compressor 31. The connection pipe 14 is exposed to the outside of the casing 11 and is disposed along the inner wall of the lower housing chamber 122. The compressed fluid generated by the compressor 31 is supplied to the lower header pipe 21 via the connection pipe 14 and the inlet pipe 13. The compressed fluid supplied to the lower header pipe 21 is heated by the thermal energy of the sunlight that enters from the opening 11b while passing through the plurality of heat receiving pipe main bodies 23 and the upper header pipe 22.

  As shown in FIGS. 4, 6, and 7, a heat insulating material 15 that absorbs solar heat is provided on the inner wall surface of the casing 11. Due to the heat absorbed by the heat insulating material 15, the temperature of the inner surface of the heat insulating material 15 rises, radiates heat to the back surface of the heat receiving tube main body 23 (the surface on the side where sunlight does not directly enter), and the entire circumferential direction of the heat receiving tube 20 is heated. Moreover, the heat insulating material 15 returns the radiant heat emitted from the heat receiving pipe main body 23 to the back surface of the heat receiving pipe main body 23, and heats the heat receiving pipe main body 23 stably. Further, the heat insulating material 15 reduces the amount of heat released from the heat receiving pipe main body 23 and the upper header pipe 22 to the outside.

  On the other hand, an outlet pipe 25 is connected to the upper header pipe 22 via a plurality of connection pipes 24. One end of each of the plurality of connection pipes 24 is connected to the upper header pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the outlet pipe 25. The outlet pipe 25 is bent in the upper housing chamber 121 and has an L shape in cross section. The end of the outlet pipe 25 opposite to the side connected to the plurality of connection pipes 24 is connected to the turbine 32. ing. The compressed fluid heated through the heat receiving pipe main body 23 and the upper header pipe 22 passes through the plurality of connection pipes 24 and further through the outlet pipe 25 and then becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid and is supplied to the turbine 32.

Next, the configuration of the operation control system of the heat receiver 10 will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a plurality of (two are shown in the figure) infrared thermography (temperature monitoring means, hereinafter simply referred to as “thermography 40”) for monitoring the temperature inside the casing 11; The image processing device 41 (temperature processing means) that creates the temperature distribution in which the temperature image data acquired by the thermography 40 and the position thereof are associated with each other and extracts the temperature abnormal portion is analyzed, and the image processing device 41 obtains the temperature distribution. A heliostat control device 42 (heliostat control means) for correcting the angle of an arbitrary heliostat 102 based on the temperature abnormal portion is provided.

The thermography 40 is positioned approximately in the middle of the casing 11 in the height direction of the casing 11 (the length direction of the heat receiving tube 20) outside the heat receiver 10, and has a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction of the heat receiving tube 10 according to the viewing angle θ. And the end portions of the image plane x imaged by the thermography 40 adjacent in the circumferential direction are arranged so as to partially overlap each other.
Here, the installation number N of the thermography 40 is calculated by the equation (1) based on the radius R of the heat receiver 10 and the viewing angle θ (°) of the thermography.

  In the present embodiment, since the thermography 40 can monitor the entire range in the height direction inside the casing 11 with the viewing angle θ, one thermography 40 is installed in the height direction.

As described above, the image processing device 41 captures, analyzes and outputs the temperature image data obtained by the thermography 40 to the heliostat control device 42. Specifically, a temperature data map as a development view inside the casing is created based on the temperature image data acquired by each thermography 40, and mesh division is performed with an appropriate number of divisions as shown in FIG. An abnormal temperature portion is extracted from the data and output to the heliostat control device 42.
FIG. 10 is an example of mesh division. When the vertical and horizontal directions are divided into 10 (vertical symbols A to H, horizontal symbols 1 to 10), and the dark portions in the figure are hot, the mesh number 4B, 3D, 4D, and 4F are determined to be high temperature portions.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, in this control system, the solar radiation intensity measured by the solar radiation meter 44 provided in an arbitrary heliostat 102 is monitored, and the heliostat 102 to be used is specified according to the solar radiation intensity. In addition, a heat input calculation device 43 that calculates the amount of sunlight incident on the casing 11 is provided, and is reflected in the correction data obtained by the heliostat control device 42 based on the result obtained by the heat input calculation device 43. It can also be controlled.

  The heat input amount calculation device 43 calculates the number of heliostats 102 to be used based on the solar radiation intensity data so as to be lower than the use limit temperature of the material of the heat receiving pipe 20, and the quantity of the heliostats used and the heat receiver. The result of the thermography 40 analyzed by the image processing apparatus 41 described above is corrected by adjusting the amount of heat incident on the inside 10.

Here, the division size of the mesh is preferably the outer diameter size of the heat receiving tube 20 and is not more than the diameter of the solar image into the heat receiving device 10 at the maximum.
For example, the spot diameter projected into the heat receiver 10 is a mirror diameter + 0.0093 × (distance between the mirror and the heat receiver) in the case of a plane mirror, and the sun diameter (approximately 1392,000 km) in the case of a concave mirror. X (distance between the mirror and the heat receiver) / distance between the sun and the mirror (approximately 149,600,000 km). When the distance between the mirror and the heat receiver 20 is 100 m, the image is approximately 0.93 m.

A calculation method for determining the actual position from the mesh processed by the image processing apparatus 41 will be described with reference to FIG.
Assuming that the viewing angle of the thermography 40 is θ, the range in which the heat receiving pipe 20 and the wall surface (the inner surface of the casing 11) facing each other can be seen is the range of the angle β from the center O of the heat receiver 10 (β = 2θ). If the number of installed heat receiving tubes 20 is N, the angle of one heat receiving tube and the heat receiving tube gap s is 360 / N, and the heat receiving tube 20 disposed at the viewing angle β is β / (360 / N), that is, 2θ / (360 / N).
Here, the position of the image plane is (d / 2) × cos (β / 2) from the center O of the heat receiver 10 where d is the pitch circle diameter of the heat receiving tube 20.

Further, when the ratio of the heat receiving tubes 20 in the range of the pitch circle diameter d of the heat receiving tubes 20 is a and the ratio of the gaps s between the heat receiving tubes 20 is b, the heat receiving tubes viewed in front of the thermography 40A 9A and 9B, the range in which the heat receiving pipe 20A is reflected is the formula (2), the range in which the gap s between the heat receiving pipes 29 on the right side in the drawing is the formula (3), and the range in which the heat receiving pipe 20B is reflected is ( 4)
Therefore, if the center of the image plane is the origin O ′, the range x on the image plane in which the heat receiving tube 20 and the gap s are reflected is the expressions (5), (6), and (7).

A method for detecting and processing overlapping positions of the visual field will be described.
The angle γ of the overlapping range when the thermography of the reference numeral 40A is set as a reference and the thermography of the reference numeral 40B is installed next to the thermography of the reference numeral 40B is expressed by equation (8).
Therefore, it is determined that the first (β-α) / 2 range of the next thermography overlaps, and the areas excluded or overlapped from the data are averaged and output.

Next, an operation control method of the heat receiver 10 using the above-described operation control system will be described based on FIG.
In the present embodiment, the temperature of the heat receiving pipe 20 is monitored and the temperature of the outlet gas of the heat receiving pipe 20 is also monitored.
As shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the operation control method of the heat receiver 10 creates a first process for monitoring the temperature inside the casing, and a temperature distribution in which the temperature image data acquired in the first process is associated with its position. And a second step of performing an analysis for extracting a temperature abnormal portion, and a third step of correcting the angle of an arbitrary heliostat 102 based on the temperature abnormal portion obtained in the second step.

  That is, first, after starting the present operation control system in step S1 and inputting the date and time, the solar radiation intensity is measured by the solar radiation meter 44 in step S2. At this time, in the heat input amount calculation device 43, the amount of heat incident on the heat receiver 10 and the heliostat to be used are specified based on the solar radiation intensity data. And in step S3, mirror direction control which controls the angle of each heliostat 102 according to the date and the position of the sun is started.

Subsequently, in step S4, temperature monitoring control of the heat receiving pipe 20 is started.
Specifically, the image processing device 41 takes in the temperature image data captured by the thermography 40 and creates a temperature data map in which the inside of the heat receiver 10 (inside the casing) is developed in the circumferential direction based on the temperature image data. The When the temperature data map is divided into meshes with an appropriate number of divisions as shown in FIG. 10 and a temperature abnormal portion is detected from the temperature data for each mesh (step S5; YES), the temperature abnormal data Is extracted and output to the heliostat control device 42, and the process proceeds to step S6.

That is, temperature abnormalities such as a portion that becomes the use limit (for example, 920 ° C. or more) of the piping material used for the heat receiving pipe 20 and an abnormally low temperature portion are extracted and output to the heliostat control device 42, thereby Machine difference correction (specific machine error correction method will be described later) is performed by determining the stat 102 and adjusting the direction of the abnormal heliostat 102 or changing the number of heliostats 102 used. Feedback is made to the mirror direction control in S3.
On the other hand, if no temperature abnormality is detected by the image processing device 41 in step S5 (step S5; NO), the turbine is rotated by the compressed fluid in the heat receiving pipe 20 in step S7, and the power generation operation is maintained.

  Further, after the start of the mirror direction control in step S3, the monitoring of the outlet side gas temperature in the heat receiver 10 is started together with the temperature monitoring control of the heat receiving pipe 20 in step S4 (step S8). If the target gas temperature is set in advance (step S9; YES), the turbine is rotated by the compressed fluid in the heat receiving pipe in step S7, and the power generation operation is maintained. When the temperature is outside the target gas temperature (step S9; NO), the process returns to step S2 and the solar radiation intensity is measured by the solar radiation meter 44, and is input into the heat receiver 10 based on the solar radiation intensity data in the heat input amount calculation device 43. The amount of heat is calculated, and control is performed to recheck the heliostat 102 to be used.

Next, a specific example of a method for correcting the machine difference of the heliostat 102 will be described.
In other words, a temperature abnormal part that deviates from the preset average temperature is detected from the temperature distribution, and the temperature inclination angle is calculated from the temperature difference and the positional relationship between this temperature abnormal part and its surroundings, and this temperature inclination angle is supported. The heliostat to be specified is specified and the angle is adjusted for correction.

  Specifically, first, based on the temperature image data acquired from the thermography 40 by the image processing device 41, monitoring is performed so that the temperature distribution is uniform in the circumferential direction of the heat receiver 10, that is, the temperature distribution in the circumferential direction. The presence or absence of (temperature change) is determined. And when there exists a part whose temperature is the highest (lower) than the preset average value, the temperature distribution of a height direction is evaluated. If the temperature distribution in the height direction of both sides is the same, the heliostat 102 in the circumferential direction is corrected, and if there is a temperature distribution in the height direction, the heliostat 102 in the height direction is corrected.

  For example, when the temperature of a predetermined region including a high-temperature mesh is high, a portion having a low temperature is discriminated from the vicinity of the region, and the heliostat 102 to be focused on the low portion is specified from the optical path analysis. At this time, the inclination angle from the high temperature portion toward the low temperature portion is calculated, and correction is performed by offsetting the angle of the heliostat 102 corresponding to the angle. Note that the same correction procedure can be used when the temperature is low or when correction in the height direction is performed, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

When the outlet side gas temperature of the heat receiving pipe 20 is lowered by the above operation control, control is performed so as to perform incidence on a portion where the heat receiving pipe temperature is low.
Also, when the temperature drops due to the passage of clouds, etc., it is judged from the temperature trend (when the temperature drop gradient is tight) and the solar radiation intensity data obtained from the pyranometer 44. Control to increase the heliostat 102 is performed. Further, when the sun comes out of the cloud and the temperature of the heat receiving tube 20 approaches the upper limit value, the heliostat 102 is reversed to be in a light shielding state.

  In addition, the determination method of the necessary or unnecessary heliostat 102 with respect to the set amount of heat determines the required number of heliostats 102 to be used based on the output of the pyrometer 44 installed in the heliostat 102, and the heat receiver 10 The heliostat 102 is thinned and arranged so that the temperature distribution in the circumferential direction becomes uniform. For example, when the required amount of incidence of the heliostats 102 arranged on the outermost peripheral side may be 50%, every other one may be arranged.

  In the operation control system and operation control method according to this embodiment described above, the temperature in the heat receiver 20 is accurately monitored using the thermography 40, and the angle of the heliostat 102 is corrected with high accuracy based on the temperature image data. The heat receiving tube 20 can be adjusted with high precision so that the heat receiving tube temperature does not become higher than the operating temperature of the material for the heat receiving tube 20 in a portion having a large heat flux, so that the heat receiving tube 20 is prevented from being deformed or melted. Strength life can be improved. Accordingly, fluctuations in the gas temperature at the outlet of the heat receiving pipe are suppressed, and the temperature of the collective gas on the outlet side can be stabilized, so that the operation of the turbine can be stabilized.

The embodiments of the operation control system and the operation control method according to the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention.
For example, although the thermography 40 is employed as the temperature monitoring means in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to such a temperature monitoring means. For example, a thermocouple is attached to each heat receiving tube 20 to detect the temperature. It doesn't matter how.

In the present embodiment, the detection result of the exit gas temperature of the heat receiving tube 20 and the solar radiation intensity measured by the solar radiation meter 44 provided in the heliostat 102 is used to determine the heliostat angle and the quantity used of the operation control system. Although reflected in the correction, a method that does not reflect the detection result may be used.
In addition, it is possible to appropriately replace the constituent elements in the above-described embodiments with well-known constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the above-described embodiments may be appropriately combined.

10 Heat receiver (solar heat receiver)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Casing 11b Opening part 20 Heat receiving pipe 23 Heat receiving pipe main body 40 Thermography (infrared thermography, temperature monitoring means)
41 Image processing device (temperature processing means)
42 Heliostat control device (heliostat control means)
43 heat input calculation device 44 pyranometer 102 heliostat

Claims (7)

An operation control system for a solar heat receiver comprising a casing having an opening through which sunlight reflected by a heliostat is incident, and a plurality of heat receiving tubes arranged in the casing circumferential direction and through which a heat medium flows. Because
Temperature monitoring means for monitoring the temperature inside the casing;
A temperature processing unit that creates a temperature distribution in which the temperature data acquired by the temperature monitoring unit and its position are associated with each other, and performs an analysis to extract a temperature abnormal portion;
Heliostat control means for correcting the angle of the arbitrary heliostat based on the temperature abnormal portion obtained by the temperature processing means;
An operation control system for a solar heat receiver. The temperature monitoring means is an infrared thermography for capturing a temperature image,
2. The operation control system for a solar heat receiver according to claim 1, wherein the temperature processing means is an image processing device that analyzes temperature image data obtained by the infrared thermography. An operation control method for a solar heat receiver comprising a casing having an opening through which sunlight reflected by a heliostat is incident, and a plurality of heat receiving tubes arranged in the casing circumferential direction and through which a heat medium flows. Because
A first step of monitoring the temperature inside the casing;
A second step of creating a temperature distribution in which the temperature data acquired in the first step and its position are associated, and performing an analysis for extracting a temperature abnormal portion;
A third step of correcting the angle of the arbitrary heliostat based on the temperature abnormal part obtained by the second step;
An operation control method for a solar heat receiver, comprising: In the first step, an infrared thermography for capturing a temperature image is used,
4. The operation control method for a solar heat receiver according to claim 3, wherein the temperature distribution is obtained by dividing a developed view inside the casing imaged by the infrared thermography into meshes. The heliostat is provided with a pyranometer for measuring the solar radiation intensity,
A heat input calculating device is provided for calculating the amount of sunlight to be incident on the casing while identifying the heliostat to be used according to the solar radiation intensity,
5. The operation control method for a solar heat receiver according to claim 3, wherein the operation data is reflected in the correction data obtained in the third step based on a result obtained by the heat input calculation device. In the first step,
Detecting a temperature abnormal portion deviating from an average value of preset temperatures from the temperature distribution;
A step of calculating a temperature inclination angle based on a temperature difference and a positional relationship between the temperature abnormal portion and its surroundings;
Identifying the heliostat corresponding to the temperature tilt angle and performing a correction to adjust the angle;
The operation control method for a solar heat receiver according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein:   The operation control of the solar heat receiver according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein when an abnormality is detected in the outlet gas temperature of the heat receiving pipe, the first to third steps are performed. Method.

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