JP2011163341A - Exhaust emission control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exhaust emission control device evenly heating a particle collecting part, reducing melting of the particle collecting part, and capable of carrying out regeneration of the particle collecting part even when a single high frequency irradiation part is used. <P>SOLUTION: The exhaust emission control device 10 has a turbine 16 and a stepped part 23 reflecting a microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 to a side of the particle collecting part 12. A blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 is inclined with respect to a center axis of an exhaust passage 14. By this, when the turbine 16 is rotated, a position of the blade surface 28 reflecting microwaves irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 is changed. Thereby, when the turbine 16 is rotated, microwaves reflected by the turbine 16 is changed in propagation length, and a phase in the particle collecting part 12 is changed. As a result, a portion wherein electric fields of the microwaves reflected by the turbine 16 are concentrated is moved with respect to the particle collecting part 12 following rotation of the turbine 16. By this, the microwaves are evenly irradiated with respect to the particle collecting part 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device, and more particularly to an exhaust gas purification device that incinerates fine particles collected in a fine particle collecting unit by high-frequency irradiation.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an exhaust gas purification apparatus that regenerates a DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) that collects particulates such as PM (Particulate matter) contained in exhaust gas has been put into practical use. As means for regenerating such a DPF, it has been proposed to use high-frequency electromagnetic waves such as microwaves (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Such an exhaust purification apparatus heats the fine particles irradiated to the fine particle collecting part by irradiating the fine particle collecting part with a high frequency. Thereby, the fine particles collected in the fine particle collecting portion are incinerated.

  However, when high-frequency irradiation is performed from a single high-frequency irradiation unit, a strong and weak distribution is generated in the electric field strength, and the fine particle collection unit, which is a heating target, has uneven heating. As a result, there is a problem that regeneration of the fine particle collecting part becomes insufficient, or the fine particle collecting part is melted with a local increase in temperature.

JP 2006-140063 A JP 2003-201825 A

  Therefore, the present invention provides an exhaust emission control device that evenly uses a single high-frequency irradiation unit to uniformly heat the particle collection unit, reduce melting damage of the particle collection unit, and regenerate the particle collection unit. Is to provide.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the high-frequency reflection unit that reflects the high frequency irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit to the fine particle collecting unit side is provided. The high-frequency reflection unit is provided on the upstream side and the downstream side of the particulate collection unit in the exhaust flow direction. One of the high-frequency reflection units is a movable reflection unit whose reflection surface moves with respect to the particulate collection unit. For this reason, the phase of the high frequency reflected by the movable reflecting portion changes in the fine particle collecting portion when the movable reflecting portion moves relative to the fine particle collecting portion. As a result, the portion where the high-frequency electric field reflected by the movable reflecting portion concentrates, that is, the phase of the standing wave, moves in the axial direction of the particulate collecting portion as the movable reflecting portion moves. Thereby, the high frequency is irradiated relatively uniformly to the fine particle collecting portion. Therefore, even when a single high-frequency irradiation unit is used, the particulate collection unit is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particulate collection unit can be reduced and the particulate collection unit can be regenerated with high accuracy. Can do.

  In a second aspect of the invention, the movable reflecting portion is a turbine provided on the upstream side of the particulate collecting portion. An internal combustion engine may include a turbocharger that pressurizes intake air by using a flow of exhaust gas. Thus, in the case of an internal combustion engine equipped with a turbocharger, a turbine driven by the flow of exhaust gas is provided upstream of the particulate collection unit. The turbine is rotated by the flow of exhaust gas, so that the distance between the blade portion and the particulate collection unit changes. That is, the turbine constitutes a movable reflecting portion. Therefore, the existing configuration can be used, and the particulate collection unit can be heated uniformly without increasing the number of parts or complicating the structure.

  In the invention according to claim 3 or 4, the movable reflecting portion is a butterfly valve or a fan member. Thus, the distance between the movable reflecting portion and the particulate collecting portion changes depending on the opening degree of the butterfly valve or the rotation of the fan member. Therefore, the particulate collection part can be heated uniformly with a simple structure.

  In the invention described in claim 5, the high-frequency reflecting part has a fixed reflecting part on the opposite side of the movable reflecting part with the fine particle collecting part interposed therebetween. The high-frequency reflection unit may be a movable reflection unit at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the particle collection unit, and the other one is a fixed reflection unit in which the distance from the particle collection unit does not change. May be. The inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member forming the exhaust passage changes depending on the position. An annular or frusto-conical wall surface is formed at a portion where the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member changes. This wall surface reflects the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a fixed reflecting portion by using the inner diameter reduced portion where the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member is reduced as the fixed reflecting portion. Therefore, an existing configuration can be used, and a high frequency can be reflected without increasing the number of parts or complicating the structure.

  In the invention described in claim 6, the high-frequency reflecting part has a fixed reflecting part on the opposite side of the movable reflecting part with the fine particle collecting part interposed therebetween. The high-frequency reflection unit may be a movable reflection unit at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the particle collection unit, and the other one is a fixed reflection unit in which the distance from the particle collection unit does not change. May be. High frequencies are reflected by metal plates and films. Therefore, by forming a metal film on the end face of the fine particle collecting part opposite to the movable reflecting part, the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part is reflected by this metal film. Thereby, it is not necessary to separately provide a member constituting the fixed reflecting portion in the exhaust passage. Therefore, a part of the existing configuration can be used, and high frequency can be reflected without increasing the number of parts or complicating the structure.

  In a seventh aspect of the present invention, the fine particle collecting unit is provided with a drive unit that is driven in an electric field formed by a high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit. Therefore, the particulate collection unit moves in the electric field formed by the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit. Thereby, the site | part where the high frequency electric field irradiated from a high frequency irradiation part concentrates moves to the axial direction of a fine particle collection part with the movement of a fine particle collection part. As a result, the high frequency is irradiated relatively uniformly to the fine particle collecting portion. Therefore, even when a single high-frequency irradiation unit is used, the particulate collection unit is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particulate collection unit can be reduced and the particulate collection unit can be regenerated with high accuracy. Can do.

  The invention described in claim 8 further includes a high-frequency reflecting portion. The high-frequency reflection unit is provided on at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the particulate collection unit in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage. Thereby, the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part is reflected by the high frequency reflection part. The high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part resonates by being reflected by the high frequency reflection part, and an electric field strength distribution is generated in the axial direction of the particulate collection part. By driving the particulate collection unit by the driving unit, the particulate collection unit moves in the electric field where the distribution of the electric field strength is generated. Therefore, even when a single high-frequency irradiation unit is used, the particulate collection unit is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particulate collection unit can be reduced and the particulate collection unit can be regenerated with high accuracy. Can do.

  In the ninth aspect of the invention, the elastic member constituting the drive unit supports the particulate collection unit from the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust flow direction. The particulate collection unit provided in the exhaust passage receives a force from the upstream side toward the downstream side by the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage. By supporting the particulate collection portion with the elastic member, the particulate collection portion moves in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust flow direction due to the balance between the force received from the elastic member and the force received from the exhaust. Thereby, the particulate collection unit moves within the electric field formed by the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit without applying a special driving force. Therefore, the particulate collection unit can be regenerated without using a simple configuration and a separate driving force.

  In a tenth aspect of the present invention, the particulate collection portion has a resistance plate member that closes the upstream end in the exhaust flow direction. Exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage is blown to the resistance plate member. In the particulate collection unit, the pressure loss decreases as regeneration proceeds. Therefore, the exhaust easily passes through the particulate collection unit, and the force that the particulate collection unit receives from the exhaust decreases. By providing the resistance plate member on the upstream side of the particulate collection unit, the particulate collection unit always receives a force directed toward the downstream side from the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage. As a result, regardless of the degree of progress of regeneration of the particulate collection portion, the particulate collection portion moves due to the balance between the exhaust force and the elastic member force. Therefore, regeneration of the particulate collection part can be promoted regardless of the time.

  In the invention described in claim 11, the drive section has an actuator. The particulate collection unit moves in the electric field by the force received from the actuator. The actuator moves the particulate collection unit with high accuracy to a position where the electric field is large according to the distribution of the electric field. Therefore, the regeneration of the particulate collection unit can be further promoted.

The schematic diagram which shows the internal combustion engine to which the exhaust emission control device by 1st Embodiment is applied. The schematic diagram which shows the exhaust gas purification apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the relationship between the position of a particulate collection part, and the electric field strength of a microwave in the exhaust gas purification apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. Schematic diagram showing an exhaust emission control device according to a third embodiment The schematic diagram which shows the modification of the fixed reflection part of the exhaust gas purification apparatus by 3rd Embodiment. The schematic diagram which shows the modification of the fixed reflection part of the exhaust gas purification apparatus by 3rd Embodiment. Schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the exhaust purification device Schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the exhaust purification device Schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the exhaust purification device Schematic diagram showing an exhaust emission control device according to a fourth embodiment Schematic diagram showing an exhaust emission control device according to a fifth embodiment Sectional drawing in the XII-XII line of FIG. Schematic diagram showing an exhaust emission control device according to a sixth embodiment

Hereinafter, an exhaust emission control device according to a plurality of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that, in a plurality of embodiments, substantially the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
(First embodiment)
An exhaust emission control device according to the first embodiment is shown in FIG. The exhaust purification device 10 includes an exhaust pipe member 11, a particulate collection unit 12, and a high frequency irradiation unit 13. The exhaust pipe member 11 forms an exhaust passage 14. The exhaust pipe member 11 has one end connected to the internal combustion engine 15 and the other end open to the atmosphere. Thereby, the exhaust passage 14 connects the internal combustion engine 15 and the atmosphere. As the internal combustion engine 15, for example, an arbitrary engine such as a diesel engine, a gasoline engine, or a gas turbine engine is applied. The exhaust pipe member 11 houses a turbine 16 between the internal combustion engine 15 and the particulate collection unit 12. The turbine 16 constitutes a turbocharger 18 together with a compressor (not shown) accommodated in the intake pipe member.

  The exhaust pipe member 11 has a large diameter portion 21 and a small diameter portion 22. The large diameter portion 21 forms a storage chamber for storing the particulate collection portion 12 in the middle of the exhaust passage 14. The small diameter portion 22 is connected to the end of the large diameter portion 21 opposite to the internal combustion engine 15. The small diameter portion 22 has a smaller inner diameter than the large diameter portion 21. Therefore, an annular step portion 23 perpendicular to the flow direction of the exhaust gas, that is, the axis of the exhaust pipe member 11 is formed at the connection portion between the large diameter portion 21 and the small diameter portion 22. The step portion 23 is not only formed in an annular shape perpendicular to the axis of the exhaust pipe member 11, but also formed in a truncated cone shape in which the inner diameter gradually changes from the large diameter portion 21 to the small diameter portion 22. Good. That is, the step portion 23 corresponds to an inner diameter reduced portion in the claims.

  The particulate collection unit 12 is provided in an exhaust passage 14 formed by the exhaust pipe member 11. Specifically, the particulate collection unit 12 is accommodated in an accommodation chamber formed by the large diameter portion 21 of the exhaust pipe member 11. The fine particle collection part 12 is comprised by DPF which collects PM, for example. The particulate collection unit 12 is formed of, for example, porous ceramics, and collects particulates contained in the exhaust gas such as PM. The high frequency irradiation unit 13 includes a main body unit 25 and an antenna 26. The main body 25 is provided outside the exhaust pipe member 11 that forms the exhaust passage 14. The antenna 26 protrudes from the main body 25 and penetrates the exhaust pipe member 11 and is exposed to the exhaust passage 14. By energizing the main body 25, high-frequency electromagnetic waves are emitted from the antenna 26 to the exhaust passage 14. The electromagnetic wave irradiated from the antenna 26 is a microwave, for example. Microwaves emitted from the antenna 26 propagate along the exhaust passage 14 and are irradiated to the particulate collection unit 12. Thereby, the fine particles collected in the fine particle collecting unit 12 are heated by the irradiated microwave. As a result, the fine particles collected in the fine particle collecting unit 12 are incinerated by irradiation with microwaves. Note that the particulate collection unit 12 may be configured not only to be formed of porous ceramic but also to collect PM using electrostatic force by charging the PM, for example.

  By the way, the microwave irradiated from the antenna 26 of the high frequency irradiation part 13 is radiated | emitted centering on the antenna 26. FIG. In the case of the first embodiment, the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is arranged on the upstream side of the particulate collection unit 12 in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage 14, that is, on the internal combustion engine 15 side. Therefore, the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 propagates not only to the particulate collection part 12 side but also to the internal combustion engine 15 side. The microwave irradiated to the internal combustion engine 15 side from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is reflected to the particulate collection unit 12 side in the turbine 16 of the turbocharger 18. That is, in the turbine 16, the blade surface 28 forms a reflection surface that reflects the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 toward the fine particle collection unit 12. Thereby, a part of the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit 13 propagates directly to the particulate collection unit 12 side, and the other part propagates to the particulate collection unit 12 side by being reflected by the turbine 16. To do.

  As the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 rotates, the position at which the microwave is reflected by the blade surface 28 changes with respect to the particulate collection unit 12. That is, since the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 is inclined with respect to the central axis of the exhaust passage 14, the position where the microwave is reflected changes as the turbine 16 rotates. Therefore, the distance from the position where the microwave is reflected by the blade surface 28 to the particulate collection unit 12 changes as the turbine 16 rotates. That is, the reflection position of the microwave on the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 is movable with respect to the particulate collection unit 12. As described above, the turbine 16 of the turbocharger 18 constitutes a movable reflecting portion having the blade surface 28 serving as a reflecting surface.

  On the other hand, the microwave radiated from the antenna 26 of the high-frequency irradiator 13 to the side opposite to the internal combustion engine 15 is particulated at the step portion 23 formed at the connection portion between the large diameter portion 21 and the small diameter portion 22 of the exhaust pipe member 11. Reflected toward the collection unit 12 side. That is, the step portion 23 forms a reflection surface that reflects the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and passed through the particle collection unit 12 to the particle collection unit 12 side. Thereby, the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 and having passed through the fine particle collecting part 12 is propagated to the fine particle collecting part 12 side again by being reflected by the step part 23. The distance between the stepped portion 23 and the fine particle collecting portion 12 does not change. As described above, the stepped portion 23 constitutes a fixed reflecting portion that does not move with respect to the fine particle collecting portion 12.

  In the exhaust purification apparatus 10 having the above-described configuration, the distance between the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and the particulate collection unit 12 and the distance between the stepped portion 23 constituting the fixed reflection unit and the particulate collection unit 12 do not change. Therefore, part of the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and the microwave reflected by the stepped portion 23 have a constant electric field intensity distribution with respect to the particulate collection unit 12. On the other hand, the turbine 16 of the turbocharger 18 constituting the movable reflector is rotated by the exhaust flow. Therefore, the distance between the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 and the particulate collection unit 12 changes as the turbine 16 rotates. That is, the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 moves relative to the particulate collection unit 12. As a result, in the microwave reflected by the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16, the electric field intensity distribution in the particulate collection unit 12 changes as the turbine 16 rotates. Thereby, the nonuniformity of the electric field intensity with respect to the fine particle collection part 12 is eliminated. Therefore, the uniform heating of the fine particle collecting unit 12 is facilitated, and the regeneration failure and melting damage of the fine particle collecting unit 12 are reduced.

  As described above, the first embodiment includes the turbine 16 and the stepped portion 23 that reflect the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 toward the fine particle collection unit 12. The turbine 16 is provided upstream of the particulate collection unit 12 in the exhaust flow direction. Further, the step portion 23 is provided on the opposite side of the turbine 16 with respect to the particulate collection portion 12, that is, on the downstream side of the particulate collection portion 12. The blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 is inclined with respect to the central axis of the exhaust passage 14. Therefore, when the turbine 16, which is one of the high-frequency reflecting units, rotates, the position where the microwaves irradiated from the high-frequency irradiating unit 13 are reflected on the blade surface 28 changes. As a result, when the turbine 16 rotates, the distance from the position where the microwaves are reflected on the blade surface 28 to the particulate collection unit 12, that is, the propagation length of the microwaves changes, and the microwave reflected on the blade surface 28 of the turbine 16 is The phase in the particulate collection unit 12 changes. As a result, the portion where the high-frequency electric field reflected by the turbine 16 concentrates, that is, the phase of the standing wave, moves in the axial direction and the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12 as the turbine 16 rotates. Thereby, the microwave is irradiated relatively uniformly on the fine particle collecting unit 12. Therefore, even when the single high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is used, the fine particle collecting unit 12 is uniformly heated in the axial direction and the radial direction, and it is possible to reduce the erosion damage of the fine particle collecting unit 12 and to collect the fine particles. The reproduction of the unit 12 can be achieved with high accuracy.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, the turbine 16 of the turbocharger 18 comprises the movable reflection part. The internal combustion engine 15 may include a turbocharger 18 that pressurizes intake air using the flow of exhaust gas. As described above, in the case of the internal combustion engine 15 including the turbocharger 18, the turbine 16 driven by the flow of exhaust gas is provided on the upstream side of the particulate collection unit 12. The turbine 16 is rotated by the flow of exhaust gas, whereby the distance between the blade surface 28 and the particulate collection unit 12 changes. That is, the turbine 16 easily constitutes a movable reflecting portion. Therefore, the existing configuration of the turbocharger 18 can be used, and the particulate collection unit 12 can be heated uniformly without complicating the number of parts and the structure.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the fixed reflecting portion is a step portion 23 formed at a connection portion between the large diameter portion 21 and the small diameter portion 22 of the exhaust pipe member 11. The high frequency reflection unit may be such that at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the particle collection unit 12 is a movable reflection unit, and the other one is a fixed reflection unit in which the distance from the particle collection unit 12 does not change. It may be. The surface on which the step portion 23 is formed reflects the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit 13. Therefore, it is not necessary to separately provide a fixed reflecting portion by using the step portion 23 in which the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member 11 is reduced as a fixed reflecting portion. Therefore, the existing configuration can be used, and the microwave can be reflected without increasing the number of parts or complicating the structure.

(Second Embodiment)
An exhaust emission control device according to a second embodiment is shown in FIG.
In the case of the second embodiment, the exhaust emission control device 10 has a movable reflecting portion 31 and a fixed reflecting portion 32 as high frequency reflecting portions. The movable reflecting portion 31 is a butterfly valve that opens and closes the exhaust passage 14 formed by the exhaust pipe member 11. The movable reflecting portion 31 has a rotating shaft 34 and a valve body 35. The movable reflecting portion 31 rotates around a rotating shaft 34 that intersects the central axis of the exhaust passage 14. The rotation shaft 34 may be orthogonal to the central axis of the exhaust passage 14, or may be obliquely intersected with the central axis of the exhaust passage 14. The valve body 35 integral with the rotation shaft 34 opens and closes the exhaust passage 14 from a fully open state to a nearly closed state by rotating about the rotation shaft 34. The valve body 35 is formed in a disk shape. The surface of the valve body 35 forms a reflection surface 36 that reflects the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit. The movable reflecting portion 31 is disposed upstream of the high-frequency irradiating portion 13 in the exhaust passage 14, that is, on the internal combustion engine 15 side. The high frequency irradiation unit 13 is disposed on the internal combustion engine 15 side of the particulate collection unit 12.

  The fixed reflecting portion 32 is arranged on the opposite side of the movable reflecting portion 31 with the fine particle collecting portion 12 interposed therebetween, that is, on the downstream side of the fine particle collecting portion 12 in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage 14. The fixed reflecting portion 32 is fixed to the exhaust pipe member 11. For this reason, the distance between the fixed reflecting portion 32 and the fine particle collecting portion 12 does not change. The fixed reflecting portion 32 is formed of, for example, a metal net or a metal plate having a large number of holes. The fixed reflector 32 made of metal reflects the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit 13 and passed through the particle collection unit 12 to the particle collection unit 12 side.

  In the case of the second embodiment, the distance between the reflection surface 36 formed by the valve body 35 and the particulate collection unit 12 changes as the movable reflection unit 31 rotates about the rotation shaft 34. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the position where the electric field intensity of the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 becomes maximum varies with the rotation angle of the movable reflection unit 31. Specifically, the position where the electric field intensity of the microwave is maximized is the axis of the particulate collection unit 12 as the rotation angle of the movable reflection unit 31 changes to a, b, and c as shown in FIG. It moves in the direction, that is, between the end 121 and the end 122. Further, the position where the electric field intensity of the microwave becomes maximum is not only the axial direction of the particle collecting unit 12 but also the radial direction, that is, the side of the particle collecting unit 12 as the rotation angle of the movable reflecting unit 31 changes. It moves also between the end 123 and the side end 124. As described above, in the case of the second embodiment, the distance between the movable reflecting portion 31 and the particulate collection unit 12 is changed by the rotation of the movable reflecting portion 31. Therefore, the microwaves irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and reflected by the movable reflection unit 31 change the phase of the standing wave in the axial direction and the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12 as the movable reflection unit 31 rotates. As a result, the position where the electric field strength of the microwave becomes maximum moves in the axial direction and the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12 as the movable reflection unit 31 rotates.

  As described above, the second embodiment includes the movable reflecting portion 31 including a butterfly valve instead of the turbocharger 18. The movable reflecting portion 31 rotates around the rotation shaft 34 to move the position where the electric field strength of the microwave is maximized in the axial direction and the radial direction of the fine particle collecting portion 12. Therefore, even when the single high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is used, the particle collection unit 12 is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particle collection unit 12 can be reduced and the regeneration of the particle collection unit 12 can be improved. Accuracy can be achieved.

  Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, the movable reflection part 31 is comprised with the butterfly valve. Therefore, the movable reflecting portion 31 changes the phase of the microwave standing wave only by rotating around the rotation shaft 34. In other words, the movable reflector 31 only needs to rotationally drive the valve body 35 in order to change the phase of the microwave standing wave. Therefore, the structure and control of the movable reflecting portion 31 can be simplified.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 4 shows an exhaust emission control device according to the third embodiment.
In the case of the third embodiment, the exhaust emission control device 10 is different from the second embodiment in the configuration of the movable reflecting portion 31. In the case of the third embodiment, the movable reflecting portion 31 of the exhaust purification device 10 is a fan member that rotates in the exhaust passage 14 formed by the exhaust pipe member 11. The movable reflecting portion 31 has a support shaft 41 and a fan blade 42. The fan blades 42 of the movable reflecting portion 31 rotate while being supported by a support shaft 41 parallel to the central axis of the exhaust passage 14. The surface of the fan blade 42 forms a reflection surface 43 that reflects the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13. The movable reflecting portion 31 is arranged in the exhaust passage 14 upstream of the particulate collection unit 12 and the high frequency irradiation unit 13, that is, on the internal combustion engine 15 side.

  In the case of the third embodiment, when the fan blade 42 of the movable reflector 31 rotates, the distance from the position where the microwave is reflected by the reflecting surface 43 formed by the fan blade 42 to the particulate collection unit 12 changes. Therefore, similarly to the second embodiment, the position where the electric field intensity of the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 becomes maximum is changed by the rotation of the fan blade 42. That is, the position where the electric field intensity of the microwave becomes maximum moves in the axial direction and the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12 as the fan blades 42 rotate.

  As described above, the third embodiment includes the movable reflecting portion 31 made of a fan member. The movable reflector 31 moves the position where the electric field strength of the microwave is maximized in the axial direction and the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12 by the rotation of the fan blade 42. Therefore, even when the single high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is used, the particle collection unit 12 is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particle collection unit 12 can be reduced and the regeneration of the particle collection unit 12 can be improved. Accuracy can be achieved.

  Moreover, in 3rd Embodiment, the movable reflection part 31 is comprised with the fan member. For this reason, the movable reflector 31 changes the phase of the microwave standing wave only by the rotation of the fan blade 42. The fan blades 42 are rotationally driven by the exhaust flow in the exhaust passage 14. Therefore, a drive source for driving the fan blades 42 is not necessary. Therefore, the structure and control of the movable reflecting portion 31 can be further simplified. Further, as the fan blades 42 rotate, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14 is agitated. Therefore, the deposition of the fine particles can be made uniform in the radial direction of the fine particle collecting portion 12, and the life of the fine particle collecting portion 12 can be extended.

(Modified example of fixed reflector)
In the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the example in which the step portion 23 formed at the connection portion between the large diameter portion 21 and the small diameter portion 22 of the exhaust pipe member 11 is a fixed reflection portion has been described. In the second embodiment, the example in which the metal plate fixed to the exhaust pipe member 11 is used as the fixed reflecting portion 32 as shown in FIG. 2 has been described. Instead of these examples, the fixed reflection part 32 may be configured by a metal film 45 formed on the end face of the particulate collection part 12 as shown in FIG. In this case, the metal film 45 is formed on the end face of the fine particle collection unit 12 far from the high frequency irradiation unit 13. As a result, the microwave that has passed through the particulate collection unit 12 is reflected by the metal film 45 formed on the end face of the particulate collection unit 12. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the metal film 45 constituting the fixed reflecting portion may be sandwiched between intermediate portions in the axial direction of the fine particle collecting portion 12. As a result, the microwave that has passed partway through the particulate collection unit 12 is reflected by the metal film 45 formed in the intermediate portion of the particulate collection unit 12. As described above, the metal film 45 formed on the particulate collection unit 12 can be a fixed reflection unit that reflects the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13. These metal films 45 are formed, for example, by vapor deposition or plating.

(Modification of positional relationship)
In the above-described plurality of embodiments, the example in which the movable reflector 31 such as the turbine 16, the butterfly valve or the fan member of the turbocharger 18 is disposed upstream of the particulate collection unit 12 in the exhaust flow direction has been described. In the above-described plurality of embodiments, the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is disposed between the particle collection unit 12 and the movable reflection unit 31, and is fixed to the end of the particle collection unit 12 opposite to the movable reflection unit 31. The reflection part 32 is arrange | positioned. The positional relationship among the particulate collection unit 12, the movable reflection unit 31, the fixed reflection unit 32, and the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is not limited to the above example, and can be changed as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 may be disposed between the particulate collection unit 12 and the fixed reflection unit 32. In this case, a part of the microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is reflected by the fixed reflection unit 32 and enters the particulate collection unit 12. Further, the microwave that has passed through the particulate collection unit 12 is reflected by the movable reflection unit 31 toward the particulate collection unit 12. Therefore, the particulate collection unit 12 can be regenerated as in the above-described plurality of embodiments.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, a fixed reflection portion 32 is disposed upstream of the particulate collection unit 12 in the exhaust flow direction, and the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and the movable reflection unit 31 are disposed downstream of the particulate collection unit 12. You may arrange. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case of the exhaust purification device 10 including a plurality of particulate collection units 12, the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 may be disposed between the particulate collection units 12. And the fixed reflection part 32 may be arrange | positioned in the upstream of the collection part group comprised from the several fine particle collection part 12, and the movable reflection part 31 may be arrange | positioned in the downstream.

  As described above, the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 and the particulate collection unit 12 may be located at any position as long as they are arranged between the movable reflection unit 31 and the fixed reflection unit 32. And the high frequency reflection part which reflects the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 can select arbitrarily which of the movable reflection part 31 or the fixed reflection part 32 arrange | positions upstream or downstream. Furthermore, this high frequency reflection part should just be the movable reflection part 31 at least one of the upstream of the particulate collection part 12 or a downstream. That is, both the upstream side and the downstream side of the particulate collection unit 12 may be the movable reflection unit 31.

As described above, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be applied to various embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, although the microwave has been described as an example of the high frequency, the microwave is not limited to the microwave as long as the fine particles collected by the fine particle collecting unit 12 can be incinerated. Moreover, the movable reflection part 31 demonstrated the example from which a distance with the fine particle collection part 12 changes by rotating like a turbine or a butterfly valve. However, the movable reflecting portion 31 may be formed in a simple plate shape having a reflecting surface and driven to reciprocate in the axial direction of the exhaust passage 14.
Furthermore, although each embodiment of the exhaust gas purification device 10 has been described individually, a plurality of embodiments may be combined and applied to the exhaust gas purification device 10.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 10 shows an exhaust emission control device according to the fourth embodiment.
In the case of the fourth embodiment, the exhaust emission control device 10 is different in configuration from the plurality of embodiments described above. In the case of the fourth embodiment, the particulate collection unit 12 included in the exhaust purification device 10 can move in the exhaust passage 14. The exhaust emission control device 10 includes a reflection plate 51 and a reflection plate 52 as high frequency reflection portions on both ends in the axial direction of the particulate collection unit 12, that is, upstream and downstream in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage 14, respectively. Yes. The reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52 are formed in a metal plate shape that reflects high frequencies. Further, the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52 are formed in a plate shape or a mesh shape having punch holes penetrating in the plate thickness direction so as not to hinder the flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 14. Both the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52 are fixed inside the exhaust pipe member 11.

  The exhaust emission control device 10 includes an elastic member 53 and an elastic member 54 that support the end of the particulate collection unit 12 in the axial direction. The elastic member 53 has one end connected to the reflector 51 and the other end connected to the end 121 of the particulate collection unit 12. The elastic member 54 has one end connected to the reflecting plate 52 and the other end connected to the end 122 of the particulate collection unit 12. The elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 are formed of an elastic body such as a coil spring, for example.

  The particle collection unit 12 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member 11 that forms the exhaust passage 14. Therefore, the both ends of the particulate collection unit 12 are supported by the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54, so that the inside of the exhaust passage 14 is axially, that is, between the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust flow direction. It is movable. That is, the particulate collection unit 12 moves in the axial direction inside the exhaust passage 14 by the balance between the force received from the elastic members 53 and 54 that support both ends and the force received from the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14. . In this case, the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14 changes according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine 15. For example, when the load on the internal combustion engine 15 is large, the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14 increases. Therefore, the particulate collection unit 12 moves to the downstream side, that is, the side opposite to the internal combustion engine 15 in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage 14. On the other hand, when idling or when the load on the internal combustion engine 15 is small, the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14 becomes small. Therefore, the particulate collection unit 12 moves to the upstream side, that is, the internal combustion engine 15 side in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage 14. As a result, while the internal combustion engine 15 is operating, the particulate collection unit 12 reciprocates between the initial position closest to the internal combustion engine 15 and the maximum displacement position farthest from the internal combustion engine 15. In this manner, the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 constitute a drive unit in the claims.

  Here, for example, the spring constant of the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 is “k”, and the cross-sectional area of the exhaust passage 14 is “S”. Further, in the exhaust passage 14, the exhaust pressure at the upstream side of the particulate collection unit 12, that is, the inlet on the internal combustion engine 15 side is “P0”, and the exhaust pressure at the downstream side of the particulate collection unit 12, ie, the outlet is “P1”. And The cross-sectional area S of the exhaust passage 14 substantially matches the projected area of the particulate collection unit 12. Therefore, when there is a pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the particulate collection unit 12, the displacement amount x with respect to the initial position of the particulate collection unit 12 is x = (P0−P1) S / 2k. Become. The microwave irradiated from the high-frequency irradiation unit 13 has a maximum electric field strength at intervals of 1/2 of the wavelength of the irradiated microwave. Therefore, the amount of displacement x of the particulate collection unit 12 is set to be larger than the interval at which the electric field strength becomes maximum. That is, the spring constants of the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 are adjusted so that the displacement amount x of the particulate collection unit 12 is larger than the interval at which the electric field strength becomes maximum. As a result, the particulate collection unit 12 passes through a position where the electric field strength of the microwave becomes maximum due to the reciprocating movement in the exhaust passage 14 accompanying the operation of the internal combustion engine 15. As a result, the microwave irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit 13 is irradiated in the axial direction of the fine particle collection unit 12 without deviation.

  In 4th Embodiment, the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 are provided as a drive part which drives the particulate collection part 12 within the electric field which the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 forms. Therefore, the particulate collection unit 12 moves in the electric field formed by the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit 13. Thereby, the part where the high frequency electric field irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 concentrates moves to the axial direction of the fine particle collection part 12 with the movement of the fine particle collection part 12. As a result, the high frequency is irradiated relatively uniformly on the particulate collection unit 12. Therefore, even when the single high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is used, the particle collection unit 12 is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particle collection unit 12 can be reduced and the regeneration of the particle collection unit 12 can be improved. Accuracy can be achieved.

  In the fourth embodiment, the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 support the particulate collection unit 12 from the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust flow direction. The particulate collection unit 12 provided in the exhaust passage 14 receives a force from the upstream side to the downstream side by the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14. By supporting the particulate collection unit 12 with the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54, the particulate collection unit 12 allows the exhaust passage 14 to flow through the balance between the force received from the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 and the force received from the exhaust. Move in the exhaust flow direction. Thereby, the fine particle collection part 12 moves within the electric field which the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 forms, without applying special drive force. Accordingly, the particulate collection unit 12 can be regenerated without using a simple configuration and a separate driving force.

  Moreover, in 4th Embodiment, the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52 are provided as a high frequency reflection part. Thereby, the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 is reflected by the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52. The high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation part 13 resonates by reflecting with the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52, and the electric field strength distribution is produced in the axial direction of the fine particle collecting part 12. By driving the particulate collection unit 12 with the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 and the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14, the particulate collection unit 12 moves in the electric field where the distribution of the electric field strength is generated. Therefore, even when the single high-frequency irradiation unit 13 is used, the particle collection unit 12 is heated uniformly, so that the erosion of the particle collection unit 12 can be reduced and the regeneration of the particle collection unit 12 can be improved. Accuracy can be achieved.

(Fifth embodiment)
An exhaust emission control device according to a fifth embodiment is shown in FIGS.
In the case of the fifth embodiment, the particulate collection unit 12 of the exhaust purification apparatus 10 has a resistance plate member 55 at the end 121. The resistance plate member 55 blocks a part of the end 121 on the upstream side of the particulate collection unit 12 in the exhaust flow direction. In the case of the fifth embodiment, the resistance plate member 55 closes the vicinity of the center in the radial direction of the particulate collection unit 12. As a result, the exhaust gas passing through the particulate collection unit 12 bypasses the resistance plate member 55 and flows into the particulate collection unit 12 from the outer peripheral side of the resistance plate member 55.

  In the case of the fifth embodiment, the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage 14 is blown to the resistance plate member 55 and then flows around the resistance plate member 55 and flows into the particulate collection unit 12. Therefore, the particulate collection unit 12 receives a force downstream from the exhaust flow in the exhaust flow direction. At this time, the force received by the particulate collection unit 12 is larger than that when the resistance plate member 55 is not provided. This is because the resistance plate member 55 receives a force from the exhaust when the resistance plate member 55 becomes resistant to the flow of the exhaust. Thereby, the particulate collection part 12 becomes easier to move to the downstream side by the flow of the exhaust. Further, as described in the fourth embodiment, the force that the particulate collection unit 12 receives from the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 14 depends on the pressure difference of the exhaust between the inlet side and the outlet side of the particulate collection unit 12. To do. When the particulate collection unit 12 is in the initial stage of regeneration or in the middle of regeneration, particulates are collected in the minute holes of the particulate collection unit 12. For this reason, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas passing through the particulate collection unit 12 becomes large, and the pressure difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of the particulate collection unit 12 is relatively large. On the other hand, when the regeneration of the particulate collection unit 12 proceeds, the particulates collected in the fine holes of the particulate collection unit 12 are gradually removed. Therefore, the pressure loss of the exhaust gas that passes through the particulate collection unit 12 decreases as the regeneration of the particulate collection unit 12 proceeds. As a result, the pressure difference between the inlet side and the outlet side of the particulate collection unit 12 gradually decreases, and the particulate collection unit 12 that receives a force from the exhaust is less likely to move. Therefore, by providing the resistance plate member 55 as in the fifth embodiment, the particulate collection unit 12 receives a force from the exhaust gas at the resistance plate member 55 regardless of the progress of regeneration. Therefore, movement of the particulate collection unit 12 to the downstream side, that is, the side opposite to the internal combustion engine 15 is ensured.

  In the fifth embodiment, the particulate collection unit 12 includes a resistance plate member 55 that blocks the upstream end 121 in the exhaust flow direction. By providing the resistance plate member 55 on the upstream side of the particulate collection unit 12, the particulate collection unit 12 always receives a force toward the downstream side from the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage 14. Thereby, regardless of the progress of the regeneration of the particulate collection unit 12, the particulate collection unit 12 moves due to the balance between the exhaust force and the elastic member force. Therefore, regeneration of the particulate collection unit 12 can be promoted regardless of the time.

(Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 13 shows an exhaust emission control device according to the sixth embodiment.
In the case of the sixth embodiment, the exhaust emission control device 10 is different from the fourth and fifth embodiments in the configuration of the drive unit. In the case of the sixth embodiment, the exhaust purification device 10 includes an actuator 60 as a drive unit. The actuator 60 has a stepping motor, for example, and generates a driving force by energization from a control device (not shown). The particulate collection unit 12 is connected to the actuator 60. Thereby, the particulate collection unit 12 moves to the upstream side or the downstream side along the exhaust flow direction along the exhaust flow direction by the driving force of the actuator 60. In the case of the sixth embodiment, the exhaust passage 14 formed by the exhaust pipe member 11 is bent halfway. The exhaust emission control device 10 of the sixth embodiment further includes a reflection plate 57 at a position where the exhaust passage 14 is bent. The reflecting plate 57 has the same configuration as the reflecting plate 51 and the reflecting plate 52, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  In 6th Embodiment, it has the actuator 60 as a drive part. The particulate collection unit 12 moves in the electric field by the force received from the actuator 60. The actuator 60 moves the particulate collection unit 12 to a position where the electric field is large according to the electric field distribution with high accuracy. That is, the exhaust purification apparatus 10 of the sixth embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment that use the exhaust force and the force of the elastic member 53 and the elastic member 54 of the moving particulate collection unit 12. Position accuracy is improved. As a result, the particulate collection unit 12 is uniformly driven to a position where the electric field strength is large. Therefore, the regeneration of the particulate collection unit can be further promoted.

  The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be applied to various embodiments without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the fourth to sixth embodiments may be applied in combination with the first to third embodiments. The fine particle collecting unit 12 may be an electrostatic filter that collects fine particles by electrostatic force instead of porous ceramics.

  In the drawings, 10 is an exhaust purification device, 11 is an exhaust pipe member, 12 is a particulate collection unit, 13 is a high frequency irradiation unit, 14 is an exhaust passage, 15 is an internal combustion engine, and 16 is a turbine (movable reflection unit, high frequency reflection unit). , 18 is a turbocharger, 23 is a stepped portion (inner diameter reduction portion, fixed reflection portion), 28 is a blade surface (reflection surface), 31 is a movable reflection portion, 32 is a fixed reflection portion, 34 is a rotating shaft, and 36 and 43 are Reflection surface, 45 is a metal film (fixed reflection portion), 51, 52 and 57 are reflection plates (high frequency reflection portions), 53 and 54 are elastic members (drive portions), 55 is a resistance plate member, and 60 is an actuator.

Claims (11)

An exhaust pipe member forming an exhaust passage through which exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows;
A particulate collection unit provided in the exhaust passage formed by the exhaust pipe member, for collecting particulates contained in the exhaust;
A high-frequency irradiation unit that irradiates the fine particle collection unit with a high frequency; and
In the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage, provided upstream and downstream of the particulate collection unit, the high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit is reflected to the particulate collection unit side, and the upstream side Alternatively, at least one of the downstream side has a high-frequency reflection unit having a movable reflection unit whose reflection surface that reflects high frequency to the particle collection unit is movable with respect to the particle collection unit,
An exhaust emission control device comprising: A turbine that is provided upstream of the particulate collection unit in the flow direction of the exhaust, and that is rotated by the flow of the exhaust;
The exhaust purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movable reflecting portion is the turbine.   2. The exhaust emission control device according to claim 1, wherein the movable reflecting portion is a butterfly valve that rotates about a rotation axis that intersects a central axis of the exhaust passage.   The exhaust purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movable reflecting portion is a fan member that rotates in the exhaust passage.   2. The high-frequency reflection unit includes a fixed reflection unit including an inner diameter reduction unit that reduces an inner diameter of the exhaust pipe member on a side opposite to the movable reflection unit with the fine particle collection unit interposed therebetween. 5. The exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The said high frequency reflection part has a fixed reflection part which consists of metal films | membranes in the end surface on the opposite side to the said movable reflection part of the said particle | grain collection part. Exhaust purification equipment. An exhaust pipe member forming an exhaust passage through which exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows;
A particulate collection unit provided in the exhaust passage formed by the exhaust pipe member, for collecting particulates contained in the exhaust;
A high-frequency irradiation unit that irradiates the fine particle collection unit with a high frequency; and
A driving unit for driving the particulate collection unit to be movable in an electric field formed by a high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit;
An exhaust emission control device comprising:   8. The exhaust according to claim 7, further comprising a high-frequency reflecting portion provided on at least one of an upstream side and a downstream side across the particulate collection portion in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage. Purification equipment. The drive unit includes an elastic member that supports the particulate collection unit from the upstream side and the downstream side in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage,
The particulate collection unit moves in an electric field formed by a high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit according to a balance between a force received from the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage and a force received from the elastic member. Item 9. The exhaust emission control device according to Item 7 or 8.   10. The particulate collection unit includes a resistance plate member that blocks a part of an upstream end in the exhaust flow direction in the exhaust passage and to which the exhaust flowing through the exhaust passage is blown. Exhaust purification equipment. The drive unit has an actuator that drives the particulate collection unit by energization,
The exhaust emission control device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the particulate collection unit moves in an electric field formed by a high frequency irradiated from the high frequency irradiation unit by a force received from the actuator.

Images