JP2011153717A - Reduction gear - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reduction gear providing sufficient strength and providing a desired reduction ratio by attaching multiple stages of reduction gear units composed of reduction gears without enlarging housings of the reduction gears since a planetary gear mechanism is built in a gear mechanism, and a bearing size can be increased in a limited space. <P>SOLUTION: The reduction gear unit is composed by arranging an output shaft 31 on the same axis as an input shaft 13 insertion port, and the planetary gear mechanism 30 is built in the gear mechanism of the reduction gear unit. The output shaft 31 is composed of a first shaft part 35 attached with a final stage wheel 25, and a second shaft part 31 arranged to rotate concentrically with the first shaft part 35 and deriving output. The first shaft part 35 and second shaft part 31 are connected via the planetary gear mechanism 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear reducer that is assembled to a motor and decelerates rotational power. Specifically, a planetary gear mechanism is built in the gear mechanism, and an input shaft that incorporates rotation and an output shaft that decelerates and outputs rotation are provided. The present invention relates to a gear reducer that can be arranged on the same axis to constitute a reduction gear unit and connect a predetermined number of the reduction gear units as required to obtain a desired reduction ratio.

  Conventionally, various types of speed reducers have been known in which an input shaft that incorporates rotation and an output shaft that decelerates and outputs rotation are arranged on the same axis (Patent Document 1).

  In such a parallel shaft gear reducer, the opening of the case housing (gear box) is on the input side, and the output side bearing of the final stage small gear and the output side bearing of the final stage large gear are in the case housing. It is integrally processed. The input-side bearing housing of the final-stage small gear and the input-side bearing housing of the final-stage large gear are processed into flanges disposed at intermediate positions of the case housing.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-106076 (see FIG. 3) Microfilm of Japanese Utility Model No. 50-032897 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-114570) JP 2000-27496 A

However, in such a structure in which the output shaft of the conventional parallel shaft gear reducer is the central axis, the distance between the shafts in the final stage can be made longer than a structure (eccentric shaft) in which the input shaft and the output shaft do not match. Can not. Therefore, the output shaft or the output shaft bearing interferes with the final stage small gear output side bearing. As a result, since the output shaft diameter or the bearing size cannot be increased, a high-strength reduction gear cannot be provided.
In particular, since the opening of the case housing is on the input side, when the output shaft is inserted from the input side, it interferes with the final stage small gear output side bearing, so that it cannot be actually assembled even if it is established on the plan view.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and incorporates a planetary gear mechanism in the gear mechanism so that the bearing size can be increased in a limited space. Therefore, sufficient strength can be achieved without increasing the size of the gear reducer housing. And a gear reducer capable of obtaining a desired reduction ratio by assembling a plurality of reduction gear units constituted by a gear reduction gear in a plurality of stages.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention incorporates a gear mechanism that decelerates and transmits the rotation of the input shaft in a housing having an input shaft insertion opening at one end, and the rotational power reduced by the gear mechanism. In the gear reducer in which the output shaft for taking out the motor is provided at the other end portion of the housing, the housing of the gear reducer is configured by a housing body that opens to the output shaft side, and a flange that closes the opening of the housing body A final stage large gear mounted on the output shaft, and a holding member for holding a parallel shaft having a final stage small gear meshing with the final stage large gear via a bearing, and a bearing for supporting the output shaft And a holding member for holding the output shaft is attached to the housing body, and a bearing for supporting the output shaft is attached to the frame. A reduction gear unit is configured by arranging the output shaft on the same axis as the input shaft insertion port, a planetary gear mechanism is built in the gear mechanism of the reduction gear unit, and the output shaft is finally connected The first shaft portion mounted with a stepped gear and the second shaft portion that is concentrically rotatable with the first shaft portion and takes out the output are constituted by the first shaft portion and the second shaft portion. Are connected through a planetary gear mechanism.
In the present invention, a sun gear is provided on the first shaft portion in addition to the final stage large gear, an internal gear is provided on a housing around the sun gear, and the internal gear and the sun gear are provided. The planetary gear to be engaged is provided, and the support shaft of the planetary gear is attached to the second shaft portion.
Further, according to the present invention, the relationship between the outer diameter of the sun gear (L5), the outer diameter of the output side bearing of the final stage small gear (L6), and the inter-shaft distance (L8) between the final stage small gear and the final stage large gear. ,
[(Outer diameter of sun gear (L5) + Outer diameter of output side bearing of last gear (L6)) / 2]
+ [Thickness in the large gear direction of the bearing fitting portion of the last stage small gear bearing holding member (L7)]
> Center distance between the last gear and the last gear (L8)
It is in having been set to.

According to the present invention, since there is no possibility of interference with the output shaft when the reduction gear bearing is assembled, the bearing size can be increased. There is no possibility that the bearing of the parallel shaft and the bearing of the output shaft interfere with each other. It is possible to combine a gear reducer with a built-in planetary gear mechanism and a gear reducer without a built-in planetary gear mechanism, and the reduction ratio can be selected as necessary.
Since a gear having a large pitch circle diameter can be disposed on the sun gear, a strong planetary gear mechanism can be provided.
The outer diameter (L5) of the sun gear (output shaft), the outer diameter (L6) of the output side bearing of the final stage small gear, and the relationship (L8) between the shaft distances of the final stage small gear and the final stage large gear.
[(Outer diameter of sun gear (L5) + Outer diameter of output side bearing of last gear (L6)) / 2]
+ [Thickness in the large gear direction of the bearing fitting portion of the last stage small gear bearing holding member (L7)]
> [Distance between last gear and last gear (L8)]
Therefore, a strong planetary gear mechanism can be arranged in the subsequent stage.

It is sectional drawing which showed the parallel shaft gear reducer. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed embodiment of the parallel shaft gear reducer which used the planetary gear mechanism for the reduction mechanism which concerns on this invention. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG. It is the perspective view which showed the assembly procedure of the reduction gear shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a parallel shaft gear reducer, and FIGS. 2A to 2F are perspective views showing an assembling procedure of the reducer shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a parallel shaft gear reducer using a planetary gear mechanism as a reduction mechanism according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4A to 4H show an assembling procedure of the reducer shown in FIG. FIG.

A parallel shaft gear reducer 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a housing main body 11 in which a gear reduction gear housing 10 is opened by opening an output shaft side end, and a flange 12 that closes the opening end of the housing main body 11. Is formed. The gear reducer 1 is assembled to a motor 3, and a rotating shaft 3 a of the motor 3 is assembled to the gear reducer 1 as an input shaft 13.
The input shaft 13 may be the rotating shaft 3a of the motor 3 or the output shaft of the speed reducer.

  The housing 10 of the gear reducer 1 is provided with an assembly hole 11b of the input shaft 13 at the center position of the one end face 11a of the closed housing body 11. An output shaft 14 is disposed on the shaft core extension of the input shaft 13 in the flange 12 provided at the other opening end of the housing 10, and is parallel to the input shaft 13 and the output shaft 14. A parallel shaft 15 is provided.

The parallel shaft 15 has a final stage small gear 16 formed at one end and a first stage large gear 17 fitted and fixed at the other end. One end of the parallel shaft 15 is held by an output side bearing holding plate 19 via a bearing 18. Then, the output-side bearing holding plate 19 is fastened to the opening end of the housing main body 11 with a screw 20, and the other end of the parallel shaft 15 is inserted into the end wall of the housing main body 11 via the bearing 21, so that the parallel shaft 15 is held by the housing body 11.
On the other hand, an input-side first-stage small gear 22 is formed at the end of the input shaft 13, and the input-side first-stage small gear 22 is disposed facing the housing body 11, and is connected to the first-stage large gear 17 of the parallel shaft 15. Meshed.

  The output shaft 14 is held by the flange 12 via an output shaft bearing 23, and an oil seal 24 is disposed outside the output shaft bearing 23. A final stage large gear 25 is fitted and fixed to one end of the output shaft 14. The final stage large gear 25 is disposed in the housing main body 11 through a hole 19 a formed in the output side bearing holding plate 19 and meshed with the final stage small gear 16 of the parallel shaft 15.

The relationship between the maximum outer diameter L1 of the output shaft 14, the outer diameter L2 of the output side bearing of the final stage small gear 16, and the inter-axis distance L4 between the final stage small gear 16 and the final stage large gear 25 is
[(Maximum outer diameter L1 of the output shaft + output-side bearing outer diameter L2 of the final stage small gear) / 2]
+ [Thickness L3 in the large gear direction of the bearing fitting portion of the final stage small gear bearing holding member]
> [Distance L4 between the final stage small gear and the final stage large gear]
It is.

  In the parallel shaft gear reducer 1 configured as described above, the rotation of the input shaft 13 such as the drive shaft of the prime mover is transmitted from the input-side first-stage small gear 22 to the first-stage large gear 17 of the parallel shaft 15, and the final-stage small gear. 16 and the final stage large gear 25 are transmitted to the output shaft 14.

Below, the assembly | attachment procedure of the said parallel shaft gear reducer 1 is demonstrated.
First, as shown in FIG. 2A, the final stage small gear 16 and the first stage large gear 17 are fitted and fixed to the parallel shaft 15, and a bearing 21 is attached to the end of the parallel shaft 15. The parallel shaft unit U1 is formed together with the bearing 18 on the output side bearing holding plate 19.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, the final stage large gear 25 and the output shaft bearing 23 are attached to the output shaft 14 to constitute the output shaft unit U2. This assembly is performed with an external assembly jig.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2C, the final stage large gear 25 of the output shaft unit U2 is inserted into the hole 19a of the output side bearing holding plate 19, and then the housing body 11 is covered from above, and the output of the housing body 11 is output. The jig is removed with the shaft side facing up, and the output-side bearing holding plate 19 is fastened to the housing body 11 with screws 20 as shown in FIG. 2D.
Next, as shown in FIG. 2E, the flange 12 is fitted and assembled to the output shaft bearing 23 of the output shaft unit U2, and the flange 12 is fastened to the housing body 11 with screws (not shown).
Next, as shown in FIG. 2F, an oil seal 24 is attached to the opening of the flange 12.

The parallel shaft gear reducer 2 shown in FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the present invention that will be described with the same parts as those in FIG. In this embodiment, the planetary gear mechanism 30 is combined with the speed reduction mechanism, and the speed reduction ratio can be improved.
In this case, a cylindrical intermediate housing 40 is interposed between the housing 30 and the flange 12 of the gear reducer, and an internal gear 32 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate housing 40. A planetary gear 33 meshing with the internal gear 32 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 34 supported by the output shaft 31. A disk-shaped arm 31a is formed at the end of the output shaft 31, and a support shaft 34 is erected on the periphery of the disk-shaped arm 31a. A planetary gear 33 is rotatably disposed on the planetary shaft 34, and the planetary gear 33 is meshed with an internal gear 32 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate housing 40.

  At the end of the output shaft (second shaft portion) 31 provided with the disk-shaped arm 31a, a sun gear shaft (first shaft portion) 35 is disposed on the axial extension of the output shaft 31. Yes. The sun gear shaft 35 is disposed on the axis of the output shaft 31 and the input shaft 13, and the sun gear shaft 35 is fitted with a final stage large gear 25 that meshes with the final stage small gear 16 at one end. A sun gear 36 that meshes with the planetary gear 33 is attached to the other end. Both ends of the sun gear shaft 35 are supported by the housing body 11 and the output shaft 31 via bearings 41 and 42, respectively. The bearing 41 is attached to the input side bearing holding plate 43 and is screwed to the input shaft side end surface of the housing body 11 via a screw 44. The bearing 42 is disposed in a recess 31 b formed on the end surface of the disk-like arm 31 a of the output shaft 31. Note that the bearing 41 and the input-side bearing holding plate 43 may be omitted, and the shaft portion of the sun gear shaft 35 may be lengthened and cantilevered by a plurality of bearings 42.

The relationship between the outer diameter L5 of the sun gear 51 (output shaft), the outer diameter L6 of the output side bearing 40 of the final stage small gear 38, and the inter-axis distance L8 between the final stage small gear 38 and the final stage large gear 52 is
[(Outer diameter L5 of sun gear + Outer bearing outer diameter L6 of last stage small gear) / 2]
+ [Thickness L7 in the large gear direction of the bearing fitting portion of the final stage small gear bearing holding member]
> [Distance L8 between the final stage small gear and the final stage large gear]
Is

  In the parallel shaft gear reducer 2 configured as described above, the rotation of the input shaft 14 is transmitted from the input first stage small gear 22 to the first stage large gear 17 of the parallel shaft 15, and the final stage small gear 16 and the sun gear shaft 35 are It is transmitted to the planetary gear 33 via the final stage large gear 25 and the sun gear 36, and further transmitted to the output shaft 31 via the shaft 34.

The procedure for assembling the speed reducer is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 4A, the final stage small gear 16 and the first stage large gear 17 are fitted and fixed to the parallel shaft 15, and a bearing 21 is attached to the end of the parallel shaft 15. 18 together with the output-side bearing holding plate 19 to form a parallel shaft unit U1.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the final stage large gear 25 and the sun gear 36 are mounted on the sun gear shaft 35, and are mounted on the input side bearing holding plate 43 via the bearing 41 to constitute the output shaft unit U3. To do. This assembly is performed with an external assembly jig.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4C, the final stage large gear 25 of the output shaft unit U3 is inserted into the hole 19a of the output side bearing holding plate 19, and then the housing body 11 is covered from above, and the output of the housing body 11 is output. The jig is removed with the shaft side facing up, and the input side bearing holding plate 43 is fastened to the housing body 11 by screws 44 and the output side bearing holding plate 19 by screws 20 as shown in FIGS. 4D and 4E.
Next, as shown in FIG. 4F, the intermediate housing 40 having the internal teeth 32 is attached to the housing body 11.
As shown in FIG. 4G, the output shaft 31, the output bearing 23, the planetary gear 33, and the oil seal 24 are attached to the flange 12, and the flange 12 is housed by screws (not shown) as shown in FIG. 4H. Fasten to the body 11. Thus, the planetary gear 33 is engaged with the sun gear 36 and the internal gear 32 and assembled. The sun gear shaft 35 is assembled with both ends supported by bearings 41 and 42.

According to the embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
In the first embodiment, one end of the parallel shaft 15 is held by the output-side bearing holding plate 19 via the bearing 18 and is attached to the housing body 11 via the holding plate 19. There is no possibility that the bearing 23 of the output shaft 14 interferes with each other. Therefore, since the distance between the parallel shaft 15 and the output shaft 14 can be made as small as possible, a compact reduction gear with high strength can be obtained.
Further, the parallel shaft 15 provided with the first-stage large gear 17 and the final-stage small gear 16 is assembled to the bearing holding plate 19, and the output shaft 14 including the final-stage large gear 25 and the bearing 23 is assembled to the housing. Since it suffices to assemble to the main body 11, the assembling work becomes easy.
Furthermore, the reduction ratio can be increased by assembling a plurality of parallel shaft gear reducers 1 in series as reducer units. In this case, the speed reducer unit of the parallel shaft gear speed reducer 1 has the assembly hole 11b of the input shaft 13 and the output shaft 14 arranged on the same axis at the center position. Can also be assembled in a row.

In the embodiment of the present invention, since the planetary gear mechanism 30 is provided in the parallel shaft gear reducer 2, the reduction ratio can be greatly increased. Further, a plurality of reduction gear units are combined by assembling the parallel shaft gear reduction device 2 of the second embodiment with the output shaft 14 of the parallel shaft gear reduction device 1 of the first embodiment as an input shaft. And the speed reduction ratio can be significantly improved.
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the parallel shaft 15 is held by the output side bearing holding plate 19 and attached to the housing 10 via the output side bearing holding plate 19, and the sun gear shaft 35 is input to the input side bearing holding plate 19. Since it is held by the side bearing holding plate 43 and attached to the housing 10 via the input side bearing holding plate 43, the input side bearing 21 of the parallel shaft 15 and the input side bearing 41 of the sun gear shaft 35 may interfere with each other. Absent. Further, there is no possibility that the output side bearing 18 of the parallel shaft 15 and the output side bearing 42 of the sun gear shaft 35 interfere with each other. Accordingly, the distance between the parallel shaft 15 and the sun gear shaft 35 can be made as small as possible, and a compact and high-strength reduction gear can be obtained.
Furthermore, the parallel shaft 15 provided with the first-stage large gear 17 and the final-stage small gear 16 is assembled to the output-side bearing holding plate 19, and the sun gear shaft 35 including the final-stage large gear 17 and the sun gear 36 is input. Since it suffices to assemble the side bearing holding plate 43 and then assemble them to each other and attach to the housing body 11, the assembling work is facilitated.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the rotation shaft of the motor is used as the input shaft. However, the rotation shaft of another drive source can be used as the input shaft. Moreover, the combination of the reduction gear unit of the parallel shaft gear reduction device 1 and the parallel shaft gear reduction device 2 can be combined over a plurality of stages as required. Furthermore, by supporting the tip of the output shaft 14 of the first embodiment with the bearing 41 and the input side bearing holding plate 43 of the second embodiment, a strong support structure can be obtained, etc. Needless to say, the present invention can be implemented with appropriate modifications.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Parallel shaft gear reducer 2 Parallel shaft gear reducer 10 Housing 11 Housing main body 12 Output flange 13 Input shaft 14 Output shaft 15 Parallel shaft 16 Final stage small gear 17 First stage large gear 18 Bearing 19 Output side bearing holding plate 19a Hole 20 Screw 21 bearing 22 input first stage small gear 23 output bearing 24 oil seal 25 final stage large gear 30 planetary gear mechanism 31 output shaft (second shaft portion)
31a Disk-shaped arm 32 Internal gear 33 Planetary gear 34 Support shaft 35 Sun gear shaft (first shaft portion)
36 sun gear 40 intermediate housing 41 bearing 42 bearing 43 input side bearing holding plate

Claims (3)

A gear mechanism that decelerates and transmits rotation of the input shaft is housed in a housing having an input shaft insertion opening at one end, and an output shaft that extracts rotational power decelerated by the gear mechanism is provided at the other end of the housing. In the gear reducer provided in
The housing of the gear reducer is configured by a housing main body opened to the output shaft side, and a flange that closes the opening of the housing main body,
A final stage large gear is mounted on the output shaft, and a holding member that holds a parallel shaft having a final stage small gear meshing with the final stage large gear via a bearing, and a bearing that supports the output shaft are held. The holding members to be shifted from each other in the axial direction,
The output side bearing holding member of the final stage small gear is attached to the housing body, and the bearing that supports the output shaft is supported by the flange,
The output shaft is arranged on the same axis as the input shaft insertion port to constitute a reduction gear unit,
A planetary gear mechanism is built in the gear mechanism of the speed reducer unit,
The output shaft is composed of a first shaft portion on which a final stage large gear is mounted, and a second shaft portion that is rotatably arranged concentrically with the first shaft portion and extracts the output. A gear reducer characterized in that the shaft portion and the second shaft portion are connected via a planetary gear mechanism.   A sun gear is provided on the first shaft portion in addition to the final stage large gear, an internal gear is provided on a housing around the sun gear, and a planetary gear meshing with the internal gear and the sun gear is provided. The gear reducer according to claim 1, wherein a support shaft of the planetary gear is mounted on the second shaft portion. The outer diameter (L5) of the sun gear, the outer diameter (L6) of the output side bearing of the final stage small gear, and the relationship (L8) between the distances between the final stage small gear and the final stage large gear.
[(Outer diameter of sun gear (L5) + Outer diameter of output side bearing of last gear (L6)) / 2]
+ [Thickness in the large gear direction of the bearing fitting portion of the last stage small gear bearing holding member (L7)]
> Center distance between the last gear and the last gear (L8)
The gear reducer according to claim 2, wherein

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