JP2011141080A - Method of preventing build-up of scale to heat exchanger - Google Patents

Method of preventing build-up of scale to heat exchanger Download PDF

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JP2011141080A
JP2011141080A JP2010001973A JP2010001973A JP2011141080A JP 2011141080 A JP2011141080 A JP 2011141080A JP 2010001973 A JP2010001973 A JP 2010001973A JP 2010001973 A JP2010001973 A JP 2010001973A JP 2011141080 A JP2011141080 A JP 2011141080A
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heat
tube
scale
heat exchanger
transfer tube
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JP5689236B2 (en
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Hiroyuki Takahashi
宏幸 高橋
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KANSETSU SANGYO KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of preventing build-up of scale to a heat exchanger and the heat exchanger applying the method, capable of solving a problem on the scale generated in the vicinity kept into contact with a liquid level, of an outer peripheral face of a heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger used in solution such as acid solution for cleaning a steel plate and the like, by an inexpensive simple method. <P>SOLUTION: The heat transfer tube is coated with a heat shrinkable tube, the heat shrinkable tube is positioned so that a range capable of being kept into contact with the liquid level of the solution, of the heat transfer tube is covered by the heat-shrinkable tube in shrinkage, and the heat shrinkable tube is heated to form a protective tube. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、熱交換器に関するものであり、より詳細には鉄鋼・金属精錬・金属2次加工における鋼板や線材の酸洗工程等において液の加熱又は冷却に使用される熱交換器へのスケールの付着防止方法及びその付着防止方法を適用した熱交換器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat exchanger, and more specifically, a scale to a heat exchanger used for heating or cooling a liquid in a pickling process of a steel plate or a wire rod in steel, metal refining, or secondary metal processing. The present invention relates to an adhesion prevention method and a heat exchanger to which the adhesion prevention method is applied.

鉄鋼・金属精錬・金属2次加工等の分野における鋼板や線材を酸液槽内で洗浄(酸洗い)する工程では、酸液を加熱又は冷却するために熱交換器が使用されている。そのような熱交換器は、通常は図4に示すように伝熱チューブ1のほぼ全体が酸液4内に沈められ、熱源(図示せず)との接続部分2のみを液面上に出して使用される。この接続部分2の外周面の、液面4aと接触する部分付近にスケール5が付着することが問題となっている。   In the process of washing (pickling) steel plates and wires in fields such as steel, metal refining, and secondary metal processing in an acid bath, a heat exchanger is used to heat or cool the acid solution. In such a heat exchanger, generally, as shown in FIG. 4, almost the entire heat transfer tube 1 is submerged in the acid solution 4, and only the connection portion 2 with the heat source (not shown) is brought out on the liquid surface. Used. There is a problem that the scale 5 adheres to the vicinity of the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the connecting portion 2 that contacts the liquid surface 4a.

このスケールは、この酸液槽内に鋼板を浸漬したとき等に液面の高さが上下に変動するため、接続チューブ2の外周面に付着した酸液の揮発分(水等)が蒸発して固形分が残り、そこにまた酸液が付着して揮発分が蒸発することが繰り返されるうちに固形分の固まりが徐々に大きくなって形成されるものである。   In this scale, when the steel plate is immersed in the acid bath, the height of the liquid level fluctuates up and down, so that the volatile matter (water etc.) of the acid solution adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the connection tube 2 evaporates. As the solid content remains and the acid solution adheres to it and the volatile content evaporates repeatedly, the solid content is gradually increased in mass.

このようなスケールの付着を放置すると、スケールは堅牢化しつつ、より大きな固まりへと変化し、一定量以上のスケールが付着すると伝熱チューブが破損する原因ともなる。従って、定期的にスケールを除去する作業が必要であり、従来、その作業は人手で行われてきたが、酸液から蒸発するヴェイパーのために過酷な作業となり易く、また酸液との接触や酸性ヴェイパーの吸引による健康被害や負傷のおそれもある。   If such scale adhesion is left unattended, the scale becomes solid and changes to a larger mass, and if a certain amount or more of the scale adheres, the heat transfer tube may be damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically remove the scale. Conventionally, this operation has been performed manually, but it is likely to be a harsh operation due to the vaporizer evaporating from the acid solution. There is a risk of injury and injury from the suction of acid vapor.

これに対し、種々の機械的手段や化学的手段によりスケールの発生を抑制したり、発生したスケールを自動的に除去する工夫がなされている。例えば、特許文献1では熱交換器のコーナー部に付着したスケールを除去するために、コーナー部に圧縮空気や槽内酸液を吹き付けることが提案されている。しかしながら、このような圧縮空気や槽内酸液の吹き付けを行う方法は、液面付近では酸液が飛び散って危険であるのみならず、かえって広範囲にスケールを発生させるおそれもあるため採用できない。また、このような付加的な設備を要する方法は、それらの設備の保守作業等も必要となるので、手間がかかり、コスト的にも不利となる。   On the other hand, various mechanical means and chemical means have been devised to suppress the generation of scales and to automatically remove the generated scales. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes to spray compressed air or an acid solution in a tank on the corner portion in order to remove the scale attached to the corner portion of the heat exchanger. However, such a method of spraying the compressed air or the acid solution in the tank cannot be employed because not only is the acid solution scattered near the liquid surface, but also there is a risk of generating a scale over a wide range. In addition, such a method requiring additional equipment requires maintenance work for the equipment, which is troublesome and disadvantageous in terms of cost.

特開2003−213466号公報JP 2003-213466 A

本発明は上記に鑑みてなされたものであり、鋼板等の洗浄用酸液等の中で使用される熱交換器の伝熱チューブの液面と接触する部分付近に発生するスケールの問題を、簡便な手段で解決する熱交換器へのスケールの付着防止方法、及びその方法を適用した熱交換器を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above, and the problem of scale that occurs in the vicinity of the portion that comes into contact with the liquid surface of the heat transfer tube of the heat exchanger used in the cleaning acid solution such as a steel plate, It aims at providing the adhesion prevention method of the scale to the heat exchanger solved by a simple means, and the heat exchanger which applied the method.

本発明の熱交換器へのスケールの付着防止方法は、伝熱チューブが溶液内に浸漬して使用される熱交換器において伝熱チューブにスケールが付着するのを防止するスケールの付着防止方法であって、上記の課題を解決するために、伝熱チューブに熱収縮チューブを被せ、伝熱チューブの溶液の液面と接触し得る範囲を収縮時の熱収縮チューブが覆うように、熱収縮チューブの位置決めを行い、この位置で熱収縮チューブを加熱することにより、伝熱チューブを被覆する保護チューブを形成するものとする。   The scale adhesion preventing method for the heat exchanger according to the present invention is a scale adhesion preventing method for preventing the scale from adhering to the heat transfer tube in the heat exchanger used by immersing the heat transfer tube in the solution. In order to solve the above problems, the heat shrinkable tube is covered with the heat shrinkable tube so that the heat shrinkable tube at the time of shrinkage covers the range where the heat transfer tube can come into contact with the liquid level of the solution. The protective tube that covers the heat transfer tube is formed by heating the heat-shrinkable tube at this position.

上記において、熱収縮チューブはフッ素樹脂からなるものとすることができる。   In the above, the heat-shrinkable tube can be made of a fluororesin.

本発明の熱交換器は、伝熱チューブが溶液内に浸漬して使用される熱交換器であって、上記スケールの付着防止方法により、伝熱チューブの上記溶液の液面と接触し得る部分が保護チューブによって被覆されたものとする。   The heat exchanger of the present invention is a heat exchanger in which a heat transfer tube is immersed in a solution, and is a portion that can come into contact with the liquid level of the solution of the heat transfer tube by the scale adhesion preventing method. Is covered with a protective tube.

本発明の熱交換器へのスケールの付着防止方法によれば、スケールは保護チューブに付着し、伝熱チューブには直接付着しないので、伝熱チューブの損傷を防止することができる。また、保護チューブによる伝熱チューブの強度補強効果も得られる。さらに、保護チューブにスケールが付着したり、保護チューブが損傷したりした場合は、容易に新しい保護チューブに交換することができる。   According to the method for preventing the adhesion of the scale to the heat exchanger of the present invention, the scale adheres to the protective tube and does not directly adhere to the heat transfer tube, so that the heat transfer tube can be prevented from being damaged. Moreover, the strength reinforcement effect of the heat transfer tube by the protective tube can also be obtained. Furthermore, when the scale adheres to the protective tube or the protective tube is damaged, it can be easily replaced with a new protective tube.

また、保護チューブをフッ素樹脂からなるものとした場合、スケールが付着し難くなり、付着しても容易に除去することが可能となる。   Further, when the protective tube is made of a fluororesin, the scale is difficult to adhere, and even if it adheres, it can be easily removed.

本発明に係る熱交換器の一実施態様を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one embodiment of the heat exchanger which concerns on this invention. 伝熱チューブへの保護チューブの装着方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the attachment method of the protection tube to a heat exchanger tube. 保護チューブを装着した伝熱チューブ束を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the heat-transfer tube bundle with which the protection tube was mounted | worn. 従来の熱交換器にスケールが付着した状態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the state which the scale adhered to the conventional heat exchanger.

図1は、使用状態における本発明に係る熱交換器を示す図である。図において符号Aは熱交換器、11は伝熱チューブ、12は伝熱チューブのうち熱源(図示せず)との接続部分(以下、この部分を接続チューブという)、13は保護枠、14は保護チューブをそれぞれ示す。   FIG. 1 is a view showing a heat exchanger according to the present invention in a use state. In the figure, symbol A is a heat exchanger, 11 is a heat transfer tube, 12 is a connection portion (hereinafter referred to as a connection tube) with a heat source (not shown) of the heat transfer tube, 13 is a protective frame, 14 is Each protective tube is shown.

本図に示されたように、熱交換器Aは、ほぼ楕円状に形成された伝熱チューブ11が保護枠13に収められ、接続チューブ12がこの保護枠13から突出して熱源に接続するようになされている。熱交換器Aは、使用時には保護枠13に収められた主要部の全体が洗浄用酸液等の溶液(以下、単に「液」という場合もある)中に浸漬され、接続チューブ12の上部が液面上に出るように配置される。この接続チューブ12の外周面のうち、液面と接触し得る範囲を覆うように保護チューブ14が装着されている。ここで「液面と接触し得る範囲」とは、洗浄等の通常の使用態様において液の表面と接触し得る範囲である。すなわち、液の使用時に液面の高さはある程度変動するが、通常の使用態様において想定される高さの液面と接触する部分を全て包含する範囲である。   As shown in the figure, in the heat exchanger A, the heat transfer tube 11 formed in an approximately elliptical shape is accommodated in the protective frame 13 so that the connection tube 12 protrudes from the protective frame 13 and connects to the heat source. Has been made. When the heat exchanger A is used, the entire main part housed in the protective frame 13 is immersed in a solution such as a cleaning acid solution (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “liquid”). It arrange | positions so that it may come out on a liquid level. A protective tube 14 is mounted so as to cover a range of the outer peripheral surface of the connection tube 12 that can come into contact with the liquid surface. Here, the “range that can come into contact with the liquid surface” is a range that can come into contact with the surface of the liquid in a normal use mode such as cleaning. That is, the height of the liquid level varies to some extent when the liquid is used, but it is a range that includes all the portions that are in contact with the liquid level that is assumed in the normal use mode.

保護チューブ14は、接続チューブ12の上記「液面と接触し得る範囲」を予め調べた上で、接続チューブ12のその範囲を覆うように熱収縮チューブにより形成することができる。熱収縮チューブとは、加熱により軟化、収縮して被覆物(ここでは接続チューブ12)の外周面に密着するように設計された熱収縮樹脂フィルム製のチューブである。   The protective tube 14 can be formed of a heat-shrinkable tube so as to cover the range of the connection tube 12 after examining the above-mentioned “range that can contact the liquid level” of the connection tube 12 in advance. The heat-shrinkable tube is a tube made of a heat-shrinkable resin film designed to be softened and shrunk by heating and to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the covering (here, the connection tube 12).

より具体的には、図2に示すように、その範囲の長さよりやや長目の所定の長さに予め切断された熱収縮チューブ14’を接続チューブ12に被せて、上記範囲を覆うように位置決めし、その位置のまま熱収縮チューブ14’を加熱して熱収縮させることにより、接続チューブ12に装着することができる。加熱温度及び時間等の加熱条件は熱収縮チューブの素材、厚さ等により異なるので、それらに合わせて適宜選択すればよい。加熱手段も特に限定されないが、熱風を吹き付ける方法が効率的かつ容易である。   More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, a heat-shrinkable tube 14 ′ cut in advance to a predetermined length slightly longer than the length of the range is covered with the connection tube 12 so as to cover the range. By positioning and heat-shrinking the heat-shrinkable tube 14 ′ in that position, the heat-shrinkable tube 14 ′ can be attached to the connecting tube 12. The heating conditions such as heating temperature and time vary depending on the material, thickness, etc. of the heat shrinkable tube, and may be appropriately selected according to them. The heating means is not particularly limited, but a method of blowing hot air is efficient and easy.

本発明のスケール付着防止方法は、従来から液体に浸漬してその加熱又は冷却を行うのに使用されている熱交換器のいずれにも適用可能である。伝熱チューブの素材は、特に限定されず、アルミニウム等の金属製であってもよいが、通常は耐食性が要求されるため、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(FEP)、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体(PFA)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)等の樹脂製のものが好適に用いられる。伝熱チューブの太さも限定されるものではないが、通常は外径6〜12mm程度である。伝熱チューブの形状はコイル状が一般的であるが、U字状、その他の任意の形状であってもよい。いずれにおいても、伝熱チューブのうち、液面と接触し得る部分に保護チューブを装着し、好ましくは、接触し得る部分全体に保護チューブを装着する。例えば、図3に示すように複数の伝熱チューブを束ねたタイプの熱交換器では、各伝熱チューブの接続部分(チューブ)に保護チューブを装着するのが好ましい。   The scale adhesion preventing method of the present invention can be applied to any of the heat exchangers conventionally used for heating and cooling by dipping in a liquid. The material of the heat transfer tube is not particularly limited and may be made of a metal such as aluminum. However, since corrosion resistance is usually required, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer Resin-made ones such as coalescence (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are preferably used. The thickness of the heat transfer tube is not limited, but is usually about 6 to 12 mm in outer diameter. The shape of the heat transfer tube is generally coiled, but may be U-shaped or any other shape. In any case, the protective tube is attached to a portion of the heat transfer tube that can come into contact with the liquid surface, and preferably, the protective tube is attached to the entire portion that can come into contact. For example, in a heat exchanger of a type in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes are bundled as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to attach a protective tube to a connection portion (tube) of each heat transfer tube.

熱収縮チューブは、加熱により収縮して被覆対象に密着するものであれば限定されず、市販されているものが適宜利用できる。その材質としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロプレン、ポリ塩化ビニル等も使用可能であるが、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、テトラフルオロエチレン−ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(FEP)、テトラフルオロエチレン−パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル共重合体(PFA)等のフッ素樹脂からなるものが好適に用いられる。保護チューブをフッ素樹脂からなる熱収縮チューブにより形成した場合、日常のメンテナンスにおいて比較的容易にスケールを除去することが可能となる。   The heat-shrinkable tube is not limited as long as it is shrunk by heating and is in close contact with the object to be coated, and a commercially available tube can be used as appropriate. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc. can be used as the material, but polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl. What consists of fluororesins, such as a vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), is used suitably. When the protective tube is formed of a heat shrinkable tube made of a fluororesin, the scale can be removed relatively easily in daily maintenance.

熱収縮チューブの太さは、適用する伝熱チューブの外径と熱収縮率によって選択する。また、熱収縮チューブの厚さは、収縮後において0.1〜1mmとなるものを選択するのが好ましく、0.3〜0.5mmとなるものがより好ましい。収縮後に薄すぎると強度上問題を生じるおそれがあり、厚すぎると取り扱いが困難となり、材料や費用の面で無駄が生じる。   The thickness of the heat shrinkable tube is selected according to the outer diameter and heat shrinkage rate of the heat transfer tube to be applied. The thickness of the heat shrinkable tube is preferably selected to be 0.1 to 1 mm after shrinkage, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm. If it is too thin after shrinkage, there is a possibility of causing a problem in strength, and if it is too thick, handling becomes difficult, resulting in waste in terms of materials and costs.

なお、本明細書でいう熱交換器が浸漬される「溶液」とは、典型的には鋼板等を洗浄する酸液等の洗浄液であるが、これに限定されず、スケールを生じ得る物質を含む液体全般を指すものとする。   In addition, the “solution” in which the heat exchanger referred to in this specification is immersed is typically a cleaning solution such as an acid solution for cleaning a steel plate or the like, but is not limited thereto, and a substance capable of causing scale is used. It shall refer to all liquids contained.

本発明によれば、従来は伝熱チューブに付着していたスケールが保護チューブに付着して伝熱チューブには直接付着しなくなるので、伝熱チューブの損傷を防止し、熱交換器の耐用年数を長期化することができる。また、伝熱チューブの強度が不十分である場合に保護チューブによる補強効果も得られる。   According to the present invention, the scale previously attached to the heat transfer tube adheres to the protective tube and does not directly adhere to the heat transfer tube, thus preventing damage to the heat transfer tube and the useful life of the heat exchanger. Can be prolonged. Further, when the strength of the heat transfer tube is insufficient, a reinforcing effect by the protective tube is also obtained.

保護チューブに付着したスケールが除去し難くなった場合や保護チューブが損傷した場合には、古い保護チューブをスケールごと接続チューブから切り取る等して取り外し、新しい熱収縮チューブを所定の場所に被せて加熱することにより、容易に新しい保護チューブを形成することができる。   If it is difficult to remove the scale attached to the protective tube or the protective tube is damaged, remove the old protective tube by removing it from the connecting tube together with the scale, and then heat it by placing a new heat-shrinkable tube in place. By doing so, a new protective tube can be easily formed.

A……熱交換器
1,11,21……伝熱チューブ
2,12……接続部分(接続チューブ)
3,13……保護枠
4,15……溶液(酸液)
4a,15a……液面
5……スケール
14,22……保護チューブ
14’……熱収縮チューブ
A …… Heat exchanger 1,11,21 …… Heat transfer tube 2,12 …… Connection part (connection tube)
3,13 …… Protective frame 4,15 …… Solution (acid solution)
4a, 15a ... Liquid level 5 ... Scale 14, 22 ... Protective tube 14 '... Heat shrinkable tube

Claims (3)

伝熱チューブが溶液内に浸漬して使用される熱交換器において伝熱チューブにスケールが付着するのを防止するスケールの付着防止方法であって、
前記伝熱チューブに熱収縮チューブを被せ、
伝熱チューブの溶液の液面と接触し得る範囲を収縮時の熱収縮チューブが覆うように、熱収縮チューブの位置決めを行い、
この位置で熱収縮チューブを加熱することにより、前記伝熱チューブを被覆する保護チューブを形成する
ことを特徴とする、スケールの付着防止方法。
A scale adhesion preventing method for preventing scale from adhering to a heat transfer tube in a heat exchanger used by immersing the heat transfer tube in a solution,
Cover the heat transfer tube with a heat shrink tube,
Position the heat-shrinkable tube so that the heat-shrinkable tube during shrinkage covers the area that can come into contact with the liquid level of the solution in the heat-transfer tube.
A method for preventing adhesion of scale, wherein a heat-shrinkable tube is heated at this position to form a protective tube that covers the heat-transfer tube.
前記熱収縮チューブがフッ素樹脂からなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱交換器へのスケールの付着防止方法。   The method according to claim 1, wherein the heat shrinkable tube is made of a fluororesin. 伝熱チューブが溶液内に浸漬して使用される熱交換器であって、
請求項1又は2に記載の方法により、伝熱チューブの前記溶液の液面と接触し得る部分が保護チューブによって被覆されたことを特徴とする熱交換器。
A heat exchanger in which the heat transfer tube is immersed in the solution,
The heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a portion of the heat transfer tube that can contact the liquid surface of the solution is covered with a protective tube.
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