JP2011131338A - Leaf spring device with spring eye, method for manufacturing the same, and shot peening device - Google Patents

Leaf spring device with spring eye, method for manufacturing the same, and shot peening device Download PDF

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JP2011131338A
JP2011131338A JP2009293414A JP2009293414A JP2011131338A JP 2011131338 A JP2011131338 A JP 2011131338A JP 2009293414 A JP2009293414 A JP 2009293414A JP 2009293414 A JP2009293414 A JP 2009293414A JP 2011131338 A JP2011131338 A JP 2011131338A
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Prior art keywords
shot
eyeball
residual stress
leaf spring
shot peening
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JP2009293414A
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JP5450041B2 (en
Inventor
Akira Tange
彰 丹下
Kiyoshi Kurimoto
清 栗本
Yurika Goto
由利香 後藤
Chuichi Kato
忠一 加藤
Shinichi Inoguchi
慎一 井之口
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SUMIHATSU KK
NHK Spring Co Ltd
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SUMIHATSU KK
NHK Spring Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2009293414A priority Critical patent/JP5450041B2/en
Application filed by SUMIHATSU KK, NHK Spring Co Ltd filed Critical SUMIHATSU KK
Priority to MX2012007278A priority patent/MX346419B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2010/072357 priority patent/WO2011077985A1/en
Priority to IN4873DEN2012 priority patent/IN2012DN04873A/en
Priority to MYPI2012002420A priority patent/MY156148A/en
Priority to CN201080058726.0A priority patent/CN102666016B/en
Priority to KR1020127016138A priority patent/KR101412288B1/en
Publication of JP2011131338A publication Critical patent/JP2011131338A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18Leaf springs
    • F16F1/26Attachments or mountings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18Leaf springs
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00Treating localised areas of an article
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/10Differential treatment of inner with respect to outer regions, e.g. core and periphery, respectively
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2226/00Manufacturing; Treatments
    • F16F2226/02Surface treatments

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a leaf spring device for restraining a fatigue fracture and delayed fracture of a spring eye. <P>SOLUTION: The leaf spring device 10 is equipped with: a leaf spring 11 having the spring eyes 12 on the ends; and bushes 20 press-fitted in the spring eyes 12. A cutting process by a reamer or the like and shot peening are provided for the inner face 30 of the spring eye 12. For compression residual stress distribution of the spring eye inner face 30 by shot peening, the absolute value of the compression residual stress in a first range S1 including a winding start part 31 of the spring eye 12, and that of the compression residual stress in a second range S2 including a winding intermediate point 32 of the spring eye 12, are larger than that of the compression residual stress in the other range S3 of the spring eye inner face 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、車両の懸架機構等に使用される目玉部を有する板ばね装置と、板ばね装置の製造方法と、目玉部のためのショットピーニング装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a leaf spring device having an eyeball portion used for a vehicle suspension mechanism or the like, a method for manufacturing the leaf spring device, and a shot peening device for the eyeball portion.

車両の懸架機構に使用される板ばね装置は、端部に目玉部(eye)を有する鋼製の板ばねと、この板ばねの目玉部に挿入されたブッシュ等を有し、ブッシュを介して車体側の部材に取付けられている。また、板ばねの耐久性を向上させるために、ショットピーニングが行なわれている。ショットピーニングは、板ばねの表面に例えばカットワイヤ等からなる多数のショットを高速で打付けることによって、板ばねの表面に圧縮残留応力を生じさせる。また目玉部の耐久性を向上させるために、目玉部の内面にショットピーニングが行なわれることもある。   A leaf spring device used for a suspension mechanism of a vehicle has a steel leaf spring having an eyeball at its end, a bush inserted into the eyeball of the leaf spring, and the like. It is attached to the vehicle body side member. Further, shot peening is performed in order to improve the durability of the leaf spring. Shot peening generates compressive residual stress on the surface of the leaf spring by hitting a large number of shots made of, for example, cut wires on the surface of the leaf spring at high speed. In addition, shot peening may be performed on the inner surface of the eyeball portion in order to improve the durability of the eyeball portion.

例えば下記特許文献1に記載されているショットピーニング装置を用いて、目玉部の内面に圧縮残留応力を付与させることが知られている。この公知技術では、目玉部の内側にショット噴射ノズルとショット反射部材とを挿入し、ショット噴射ノズルからショット反射部材に向けてショットを投射している。ショット噴射ノズルから投射されたショットは、ショット反射部材によって反射されて目玉部の内面に当たる。またこの特許文献1には、目玉部の下部に集中的にショットピーニングを行なうことによって、目玉部の疲労破壊と遅れ破壊を抑制する旨記載されている。   For example, it is known to apply compressive residual stress to the inner surface of the eyeball using a shot peening apparatus described in Patent Document 1 below. In this known technique, a shot injection nozzle and a shot reflecting member are inserted inside the eyeball, and a shot is projected from the shot injection nozzle toward the shot reflecting member. The shot projected from the shot spray nozzle is reflected by the shot reflecting member and hits the inner surface of the eyeball. Further, this Patent Document 1 describes that by performing shot peening intensively at the lower part of the eyeball part, fatigue fracture and delayed fracture of the eyeball part are suppressed.

特開平5−138535号公報(特公平7−36982号公報)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-138535 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-36982)

前記特許文献1の図1等に開示されているように、目玉部の内面全体にショットピーニングを行なえば目玉部の耐久性を向上させることが可能である。しかし目玉部の内面全体に均一にショットを投射すると、耐久性向上の効果が小さい領域にも多量のショットを投射することになるため、ショットピーニング時間が長くかかるだけでなく、省エネルギーの要望に反する。   As disclosed in FIG. 1 and the like of Patent Document 1, if the shot peening is performed on the entire inner surface of the eyeball part, the durability of the eyeball part can be improved. However, if shots are evenly projected over the entire inner surface of the eyeball, a large amount of shots are projected even in areas where the effect of improving durability is small, which not only requires longer shot peening time, but also contradicts the demand for energy saving. .

また前記特許文献1の図9に開示されているように、目玉部の下部に集中的にショットを投射する場合には、疲労破壊を抑制する上で効果が認められても、目玉部によっては遅れ破壊を抑制する効果が小さいことがある。例えばSUP11等のばね鋼からなる高強度板ばねにおいて、目玉部に圧入されるブッシュの外径が目玉部の内径よりも0.5mm以上大きい場合に、目玉部の下部にショットピーニングを集中的に行なうだけでは、ブッシュ圧入後の遅れ破壊を抑制する上で効果が少ないことも判った。   In addition, as disclosed in FIG. 9 of Patent Document 1, when shots are projected intensively on the lower part of the eyeball part, even if an effect is recognized in suppressing fatigue fracture, depending on the eyeball part. The effect of suppressing delayed fracture may be small. For example, in a high-strength leaf spring made of spring steel such as SUP11, when the outer diameter of the bush that is press-fitted into the eyeball part is 0.5 mm or more larger than the inner diameter of the eyeball part, shot peening is concentrated on the lower part of the eyeball part. It has also been found that simply performing it has little effect on suppressing delayed fracture after bush press-fitting.

従って本発明の目的は、ブッシュが圧入された目玉部の疲労破壊と遅れ破壊を抑制することができる板ばね装置と、ショットピーニング装置と、板ばね装置の製造方法を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a leaf spring device, a shot peening device, and a method for manufacturing the leaf spring device that can suppress fatigue fracture and delayed fracture of the eyeball portion into which the bush is press-fitted.

本発明の板ばね装置は、端部に丸く巻かれた目玉部を有する板ばねと、前記目玉部に圧入されるブッシュとを備えた板ばね装置であって、前記目玉部の内側に削り加工とショットピーニングとがなされた目玉内面を有しかつ、前記目玉内面の周方向の圧縮残留応力分布に関して該目玉部の巻き始め部を含む第1の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値と、目玉中心を通る鉛直線上の巻き中間点を含む第2の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値とが、該目玉内面の他の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも大きい圧縮残留応力分布を有している。   The leaf spring device of the present invention is a leaf spring device comprising a leaf spring having an eyeball portion rounded around an end portion and a bush pressed into the eyeball portion, and is machined inside the eyeball portion. And an absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the first region including the winding start portion of the eyeball portion with respect to the distribution of compressive residual stress in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the eyeball, and the center of the eyeball The absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the second region including the winding intermediate point on the vertical line passing through the region has a compressive residual stress distribution larger than the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the other region of the inner surface of the eyeball .

本発明の板ばね装置の製造方法は、板ばねの端部を丸く巻くことによって目玉部を形成する工程と、前記目玉部の内面を削ることによって該目玉内面を円形に仕上げるとともに該目玉内面に付着していた酸化皮膜を除去する削り工程と、前記削り工程が行なわれた後に実施される内面ショットピーニング工程と、前記内面ショットピーニング工程後に前記目玉部に該目玉部の内径よりも大きな外径のブッシュを圧入する工程とを具備している。前記内面ショットピーニング工程では、前記目玉内面にショットを投射することによって前記目玉内面に圧縮残留応力を付与し、かつ、該目玉内面の周方向の圧縮残留応力分布に関して該目玉部の巻き始め部を含む第1の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値と、目玉中心を通る鉛直線上の巻き中間点を含む第2の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値とを、該目玉内面の他の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも大きくしている。   The manufacturing method of the leaf spring device of the present invention includes a step of forming the eyeball portion by winding the end portion of the leaf spring in a round shape, and finishing the inner surface of the eyeball into a circular shape by scraping the inner surface of the eyeball portion. A shaving step for removing the attached oxide film, an inner surface shot peening step performed after the shaving step is performed, and an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the eyeball portion at the eyeball portion after the inner surface shot peening step And press-fitting the bush. In the inner surface shot peening step, a compressive residual stress is imparted to the inner surface of the eyeball by projecting a shot onto the inner surface of the eyeball, and a winding start portion of the eyeball portion with respect to a distribution of compressive residual stress in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the eyeball The absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the first region including the absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the second region including the winding intermediate point on the vertical line passing through the center of the eyeball is stored in the other region of the inner surface of the eyeball. It is larger than the absolute value of stress.

前記目玉内面にショットピーニングを行うためのショットピーニング装置は、前記目玉部の内側に挿入されるショット噴射ノズルと、前記ショット噴射ノズルと対向する反射面を有し前記ショット噴射ノズルから投射されたショットを該反射面で反射させ前記目玉内面に向わせるショット反射部材とを具備し、前記反射面は、前記第1の領域と第2の領域に向って反射するショットの量が前記他の領域に向って反射するショットの量よりも多くなるような形状としている。   A shot peening apparatus for performing shot peening on the inner surface of the eyeball includes a shot injection nozzle inserted inside the eyeball portion, and a shot projected from the shot injection nozzle having a reflective surface facing the shot injection nozzle. Is reflected by the reflecting surface and directed toward the inner surface of the eyeball, and the reflecting surface reflects the amount of shot reflected toward the first region and the second region in the other region. The shape is such that it is larger than the amount of shots reflected toward.

このショットピーニング装置において、前記ショット反射部材の軸線に対する前記反射面のなす角度が、該反射面で反射するショットの投射角が0°を越えて45°以下となるような角度に設定されているとよい。   In this shot peening apparatus, the angle formed by the reflecting surface with respect to the axis of the shot reflecting member is set such that the projection angle of the shot reflected by the reflecting surface is more than 0 ° and not more than 45 °. Good.

本発明によれば、目玉部にブッシュが圧入された板ばね装置において、目玉部の疲労破壊と遅れ破壊を抑制する上で有効な箇所に圧縮残留応力を十分付与することができ、目玉部の信頼性を高めることができる。   According to the present invention, in a leaf spring device in which a bush is press-fitted into an eyeball part, it is possible to sufficiently apply compressive residual stress to an effective location for suppressing fatigue fracture and delayed fracture of the eyeball part. Reliability can be increased.

本発明の第1の実施形態に係る板ばね装置の正面図。The front view of the leaf | plate spring apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図1に示された板ばね装置の目玉部を拡大して示す正面図。The front view which expands and shows the eyeball part of the leaf | plate spring apparatus shown by FIG. 図2に示された目玉部とブッシュを分離した状態で示す断面図。Sectional drawing shown in the state which isolate | separated the eyeball part and bush shown by FIG. 図2に示された目玉部のみを示す正面図。The front view which shows only the eyeball part shown by FIG. 図2に示された目玉部と、削り加工のための工具の一部の側面図。FIG. 3 is a side view of a part of the eyeball portion shown in FIG. 2 and a tool for cutting. 図2に示された目玉部と、内面ショットピーニングを行なうための装置の一部の側面図。FIG. 3 is a side view of a part of the eyeball part shown in FIG. 2 and an apparatus for performing inner surface shot peening. 本発明の第2の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置のショット反射部材の斜視図。The perspective view of the shot reflective member of the shot peening apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 図7に示されたショット反射部材の側面図。FIG. 8 is a side view of the shot reflecting member shown in FIG. 7. 本発明の第3の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置のショット反射部材の斜視図。The perspective view of the shot reflective member of the shot peening apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 図9に示されたショット反射部材の正面図。FIG. 10 is a front view of the shot reflecting member shown in FIG. 9. 本発明の第4の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置を示す側面図。The side view which shows the shot peening apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. 図11に示されたショットピーニング装置のショット反射部材の斜視図。The perspective view of the shot reflection member of the shot peening apparatus shown by FIG. 図12に示されたショット反射部材の正面図。FIG. 13 is a front view of the shot reflecting member shown in FIG. 12. 本発明の第5の実施形態に係るショット反射部材の斜視図。The perspective view of the shot reflective member which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第6の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置を示す側面図。The side view which shows the shot peening apparatus which concerns on the 6th Embodiment of this invention.

以下に本発明の第1の実施形態に係る板ばね装置と、その製造方法について、図1から図6を参照して説明する。
図1に示す板ばね装置10は、例えば自動車等の車両の懸架機構に使用されるものであり、両端に目玉部12を有する鋼製の板ばね11と、目玉部12に圧入されたブッシュ20とを有している。
Hereinafter, a leaf spring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to FIGS.
A leaf spring device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used for a suspension mechanism of a vehicle such as an automobile, for example, and includes a steel leaf spring 11 having eyeballs 12 at both ends, and a bush 20 press-fitted into the eyeballs 12. And have.

この板ばね11は、図示しない車両の懸架機構部に取付けられ、車両の荷重を弾性的に支持する。このため目玉部12に車両のばね上重量が負荷されるとともに、車両の加速あるいは減速時に引張の応力が目玉部12に繰返し作用する。一般的には板ばね11の厚み方向に子板(図示せず)を重ねることによって、重ね板ばね装置が構成される。   The leaf spring 11 is attached to a vehicle suspension mechanism (not shown) and elastically supports the load of the vehicle. For this reason, the sprung weight of the vehicle is loaded on the eyeball portion 12, and tensile stress repeatedly acts on the eyeball portion 12 when the vehicle is accelerated or decelerated. In general, a stacked leaf spring device is configured by overlapping a child plate (not shown) in the thickness direction of the leaf spring 11.

板ばね11の材料(ばね鋼)の一例はSUP11である。化学成分(mass%)の一例はC:0.56〜0.64、Si:0.15〜0.35、Mn:0.70〜1.00、P:0.035以下、S:0.035以下、Cr:0.70〜1.00、B:0.0005以上、残部Feである。ただしこれ以外の鋼種のばね鋼が使用されてもよい。   An example of the material (spring steel) of the leaf spring 11 is SUP11. Examples of chemical components (mass%) are: C: 0.56-0.64, Si: 0.15-0.35, Mn: 0.70-1.00, P: 0.035 or less, S: 0.00. 035 or less, Cr: 0.70 to 1.00, B: 0.0005 or more, and the balance Fe. However, spring steels of other steel types may be used.

図2と図3に示すように、ブッシュ20の一例は、金属製の外筒21と、内筒22と、弾性部材23によって構成されている。弾性部材23はゴム等の弾性材料からなり、外筒21と内筒22との間に設けられている。この板ばね11には焼入れと焼戻し等の熱処理が行なわれている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, an example of the bush 20 includes a metal outer cylinder 21, an inner cylinder 22, and an elastic member 23. The elastic member 23 is made of an elastic material such as rubber and is provided between the outer cylinder 21 and the inner cylinder 22. The leaf spring 11 is subjected to heat treatment such as quenching and tempering.

板ばね11の両端部に設けられた一対の目玉部12間の領域が帯状のリーフ部11aとなっている。言い換えるとリーフ部11aの両端に前記目玉部12が形成されている。この実施形態の目玉部12は、リーフ部11aの両端から上側に丸く巻かれている。すなわちこの目玉部12は上巻き目玉(up-turned eye)である。目玉部12の板端12aとリーフ部11aの上面との間に若干の隙間Gが形成されている。   A region between a pair of eyeball portions 12 provided at both ends of the leaf spring 11 is a strip-shaped leaf portion 11a. In other words, the eyeball portion 12 is formed at both ends of the leaf portion 11a. The eyeball part 12 of this embodiment is wound roundly upward from both ends of the leaf part 11a. That is, the eyeball portion 12 is an up-turned eye. A slight gap G is formed between the plate end 12a of the eyeball portion 12 and the upper surface of the leaf portion 11a.

板ばね11の表面には、第1のショットピーニング装置25(図1に一部を模式的に示す)によって、ショットピーニングがなされている。第1のショットピーニング装置25は、板ばね11を移動させながら、高速で回転するインペラの接線方向にショット26を投射し、板ばね11の全周にショット26を打付けることによって、板ばね11の外面に圧縮残留応力を生じさせるようになっている。   Shot peening is performed on the surface of the leaf spring 11 by a first shot peening device 25 (partially shown in FIG. 1). The first shot peening device 25 projects the shot 26 in the tangential direction of the impeller rotating at high speed while moving the leaf spring 11, and hits the shot 26 around the entire circumference of the leaf spring 11. Compressive residual stress is generated on the outer surface of the plate.

図4に示すように目玉部12の内側には、後述する削り加工とショットピーニングとがなされた目玉内面30が形成されている。目玉内面30は、目玉部12の巻き始め部31を含む第1の領域S1(図2と図4に下側のハッチングで示す部分)と、目玉中心C1を通る鉛直線V上の巻き中間点32を含む第2の領域S2(図2と図4に上側のハッチングで示す部分)とを有している。しかも第2の領域S2は、巻き中間点32から巻き始め部31側に角度θ(約20°)だけ戻った位置P1を含んでいる。第2の領域S2は、第1の領域S1に対して目玉中心C1を挟んで反対側、すなわち目玉内面30の最上部に位置している。   As shown in FIG. 4, an inner surface 30 of the eyeball is formed on the inner side of the eyeball portion 12, which will be cut and shot peened, which will be described later. The eyeball inner surface 30 is a winding intermediate point on the vertical line V passing through the first region S1 (the portion indicated by the lower hatching in FIGS. 2 and 4) including the winding start portion 31 of the eyeball portion 12, and the eyeball center C1. 32 (a portion indicated by hatching on the upper side in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4). Moreover, the second region S2 includes a position P1 returned from the winding intermediate point 32 toward the winding start portion 31 by an angle θ (about 20 °). The second region S2 is located on the opposite side of the first region S1 across the center of the eyeball C1, that is, on the uppermost portion of the eyeball inner surface 30.

図5に示すように目玉内面30は、リーマ等の切削工具40を用いた削り加工によって円形に仕上げられている。この削り加工では、切削工具40を回転させながら目玉部12に挿入する。この削り加工によって目玉内面30の真円度が高められ、かつ、目玉内面30の内径D1がブッシュ20の外径D2よりも僅かに小さく(例えばD1とD2の差が0.7mm以下)となるように目玉内面30が仕上げられている。   As shown in FIG. 5, the eyeball inner surface 30 is finished in a circular shape by a cutting process using a cutting tool 40 such as a reamer. In this cutting process, the cutting tool 40 is inserted into the eyeball portion 12 while rotating. This rounding increases the roundness of the inner surface 30 of the eyeball, and the inner diameter D1 of the inner surface 30 of the eyeball is slightly smaller than the outer diameter D2 of the bush 20 (for example, the difference between D1 and D2 is 0.7 mm or less). Thus, the inner surface 30 of the centerpiece is finished.

また、前記削り加工後に実施される内面ショットピーニング工程により、目玉内面30に圧縮残留応力が付与されている。内面ショットピーニング工程では、図6に示す第2のショットピーニング装置50が使用される。第2のショットピーニング装置50は、目玉部12に挿入されるショット噴射ノズル51と、ショット反射部材52と、駆動機構53と、圧縮空気の供給源54と、ショット供給源55と、ショット供給ホース56となどを備えている。ショット反射部材52は、軸57によってショット噴射ノズル51に固定されている。ショット反射部材52の反射面58はショット噴射ノズル51の噴射口と対向する位置に配置されている。駆動機構53は、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52とを目玉部12の軸線方向(図6に矢印X1で示す方向)に移動させる機能を有している。   Further, a compressive residual stress is applied to the centerpiece inner surface 30 by an inner surface shot peening process performed after the shaving process. In the inner surface shot peening process, a second shot peening apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 6 is used. The second shot peening apparatus 50 includes a shot injection nozzle 51 inserted into the eyeball portion 12, a shot reflecting member 52, a drive mechanism 53, a compressed air supply source 54, a shot supply source 55, and a shot supply hose. 56 and the like. The shot reflecting member 52 is fixed to the shot spray nozzle 51 by a shaft 57. The reflection surface 58 of the shot reflecting member 52 is disposed at a position facing the injection port of the shot injection nozzle 51. The drive mechanism 53 has a function of moving the shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 in the axial direction of the eyeball portion 12 (the direction indicated by the arrow X1 in FIG. 6).

なお、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52を固定した状態とし、目玉部12を図6に矢印X2で示す方向に相対的に移動させてもよい。要するに目玉内面30に対して、ショット反射部材52とショット噴射ノズル51とを目玉部12の軸線方向に相対移動させることができるようになっている。   Note that the shot spray nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 may be fixed, and the eyeball portion 12 may be relatively moved in the direction indicated by the arrow X2 in FIG. In short, the shot reflecting member 52 and the shot injection nozzle 51 can be moved relative to the inner surface 30 of the eyeball in the axial direction of the eyeball portion 12.

ショット反射部材52の一例は、ショット噴射ノズル51と同心に配置された三角錐形のコーン形状をなしている。ショット噴射ノズル51から投射されたショット60は、ショット反射部材52の反射面にて反射し、ショット反射部材52の径方向に向きを変えることにより、ショットが目玉内面30に投射される。例えばショットサイズ(粒径)がφ1.3mmのラウンドカットワイヤあるいはショットサイズがφ1.0mmのカットワイヤを目玉内面30に向けて高速(例えば投射速度76.7m/sec)で投射する。投射圧力の一例は0.5MPa、投射量は例えば200g/秒、投射時間は3〜30秒である。   An example of the shot reflecting member 52 has a triangular pyramid cone shape arranged concentrically with the shot injection nozzle 51. The shot 60 projected from the shot injection nozzle 51 is reflected by the reflecting surface of the shot reflecting member 52, and the shot is projected on the inner surface 30 of the eyeball by changing the direction in the radial direction of the shot reflecting member 52. For example, a round cut wire with a shot size (particle diameter) of φ1.3 mm or a cut wire with a shot size of φ1.0 mm is projected toward the eyeball inner surface 30 at a high speed (for example, a projection speed of 76.7 m / sec). An example of the projection pressure is 0.5 MPa, the projection amount is, for example, 200 g / second, and the projection time is 3 to 30 seconds.

目玉部12を有する板ばね装置10の疲労破壊試験を行なうと、疲労破壊は主として第1の領域S1に生じることが判っている。しかし本発明者達が鋭意研究した結果、比較的大きな力でブッシュ20が圧入された目玉部12の場合、遅れ破壊に関しては第2の領域S2のショットピーニングが特に有効であるとの知見が得られた。そこで第1の領域S1以外に第2の領域S2も重点的にショットピーニングを行なうようにした。   When the fatigue failure test of the leaf spring device 10 having the eyeball portion 12 is performed, it is known that the fatigue failure occurs mainly in the first region S1. However, as a result of diligent research by the present inventors, in the case of the eyeball portion 12 into which the bush 20 is press-fitted with a relatively large force, it has been found that shot peening in the second region S2 is particularly effective for delayed fracture. It was. In view of this, shot peening is performed mainly on the second region S2 in addition to the first region S1.

例えば図6に示すように、第1のショットピーニング工程では、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52の中心線C3を目玉部12の中心線C2に対してオフセット量Tだけ第1の領域S1側に片寄らせた状態で、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52を軸線方向X1に移動させる。また第2のショットピーニング工程では、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52を目玉部12の中心線C2に対して第2の領域S2側に片寄らせた状態で、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52を軸線方向X1に移動させる。   For example, as shown in FIG. 6, in the first shot peening process, the center line C3 of the shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 is on the first region S1 side by an offset amount T with respect to the center line C2 of the eyeball portion 12. The shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 are moved in the axial direction X1 in a state where they are offset from each other. In the second shot peening process, the shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 are offset from the center line C2 of the eyeball portion 12 toward the second region S2 in the second shot peening process. 52 is moved in the axial direction X1.

このため前記第1のショットピーニング工程と第2のショットピーニング工程を実施することにより、第1および第2の領域S1,S2の圧縮残留応力を他の領域S3の圧縮残留応力よりも大きくすることができる。なお、第1の領域S1と第2の領域S2にショットが集中的に投射されるように、ショット反射部材52の形状を変えてもよい。   Therefore, by carrying out the first shot peening process and the second shot peening process, the compressive residual stress in the first and second regions S1, S2 is made larger than the compressive residual stress in the other region S3. Can do. Note that the shape of the shot reflecting member 52 may be changed so that shots are intensively projected on the first region S1 and the second region S2.

例えば図7と図8に示された第2の実施形態に係るショット反射部材52のように、2つの反射面58を形成し、各反射面58によって前記ショット60を前記第1および第2の領域S1,S2に向けて集中的に投射できるようにしてもよい。   For example, like the shot reflecting member 52 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, two reflecting surfaces 58 are formed, and the shot 60 is moved by the reflecting surfaces 58 to the first and second shots. You may enable it to project intensively toward area | region S1, S2.

あるいは図9と図10に示された第3の実施形態のショット反射部材52のように、一対の主反射面58と一対の副反射面59とを形成し、主反射面58によって多量のショット60を第1および第2の領域S1,S2に向けて集中的に投射するとともに、副反射面59によって少量のショット60を他の領域S3に向けて投射できるようにしてもよい。   Alternatively, a pair of main reflecting surfaces 58 and a pair of sub-reflecting surfaces 59 are formed as in the shot reflecting member 52 of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 60 may be projected intensively toward the first and second regions S1 and S2, and a small amount of shot 60 may be projected toward the other region S3 by the sub-reflection surface 59.

図11から図13は、第4の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置50´を示している。このショットピーニング装置50´は、ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52とが別々に構成されている。ショット反射部材52は一対の反射面58を有しており、これら反射面58がショット噴射ノズル51と対向している。目玉部12とショット噴射ノズル51が固定されている場合、ショット反射部材52が軸線X1方向に移動する。ショット噴射ノズル51とショット反射部材52が固定されている場合には、目玉部12が矢印X2で示す方向に相対的に移動するように構成されている。それ以外は図6に示す第1の実施形態のショットピーニング装置50と同様であるため説明を省略する。   11 to 13 show a shot peening apparatus 50 'according to the fourth embodiment. In the shot peening apparatus 50 ′, the shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 are configured separately. The shot reflecting member 52 has a pair of reflecting surfaces 58, and these reflecting surfaces 58 are opposed to the shot injection nozzle 51. When the eyeball portion 12 and the shot injection nozzle 51 are fixed, the shot reflecting member 52 moves in the direction of the axis X1. When the shot injection nozzle 51 and the shot reflecting member 52 are fixed, the eyeball portion 12 is configured to relatively move in the direction indicated by the arrow X2. Since other than that is the same as the shot peening apparatus 50 of 1st Embodiment shown in FIG. 6, description is abbreviate | omitted.

ショット反射部材52の軸線C3に対して反射面58のなす角度αは、ショットの投射角βが0<β≦45°となるように45°未満(α<45°)に設定されている。投射角βは、被投射面(目玉内面30)の法線Zに対してショットの投射方向がなす角度である。投射角βが45°を越えると、被投射面(目玉内面30)に衝突するショットの投射エネルギーが著しく減少するため、ショットピーニング効果が著しく低下する。   The angle α formed by the reflecting surface 58 with respect to the axis C3 of the shot reflecting member 52 is set to be less than 45 ° (α <45 °) so that the shot projection angle β satisfies 0 <β ≦ 45 °. The projection angle β is an angle formed by the shot projection direction with respect to the normal Z of the projection surface (eyeball inner surface 30). When the projection angle β exceeds 45 °, the shot energy of the shot that collides with the projection surface (the inner surface 30 of the eyeball) is remarkably reduced, so that the shot peening effect is remarkably lowered.

ショットの投射角βが0°の場合には、被投射面(目玉内面30)に向うショット60が、被投射面(目玉内面30)で反射したショット60aと干渉し、ショットの投射エネルギーが相殺されるためショットピーニングの効果が著しく低下する。このため投射角βは0°以上が望ましい。ただし反射面58から目玉内面30までの距離が大きく、目玉内面30で反射するショット60aと目玉内面30に向うショット60との干渉が実質的に問題にならなければ、投射角βを0°にしてもよい。   When the shot projection angle β is 0 °, the shot 60 facing the projection surface (eyeball inner surface 30) interferes with the shot 60a reflected by the projection surface (eyeball inner surface 30), and the shot projection energy cancels out. Therefore, the effect of shot peening is significantly reduced. Therefore, the projection angle β is preferably 0 ° or more. However, if the distance from the reflective surface 58 to the inner surface 30 of the eyeball is large and interference between the shot 60a reflected by the inner surface 30 of the eyeball and the shot 60 facing the inner surface 30 of the eyeball is not a problem, the projection angle β is set to 0 °. May be.

この実施形態の場合、図13に示すようにショット反射部材52を軸まわり(矢印Rで示す方向)に例えば0〜45°の範囲で往復回動させてもよい。こうすることにより、第1の領域S1と第2の領域S2にショットを集中させるとともに、他の領域S3にもショットを投射することができる。   In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the shot reflecting member 52 may be reciprocally rotated around the axis (in the direction indicated by the arrow R) in the range of 0 to 45 °, for example. By doing so, it is possible to concentrate the shots in the first region S1 and the second region S2 and to project the shots in the other region S3.

あるいは図14に示す第5の実施形態のショット反射部材52のように、一対の主反射面58と一対の副反射面59とを形成し、主反射面58によって多量のショット60を第1および第2の領域S1,S2に向けて集中的に投射するとともに、副反射面59によって少量のショット60を他の領域S3に向けて投射できるようにしてもよい。   Alternatively, as in the shot reflecting member 52 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, a pair of main reflecting surfaces 58 and a pair of sub reflecting surfaces 59 are formed, and a large number of shots 60 are first and While projecting intensively toward the second areas S1 and S2, a small amount of shot 60 may be projected toward the other area S3 by the sub-reflection surface 59.

図15は第6の実施形態に係るショットピーニング装置50”を示している。このショットピーニング装置50”のショット反射部材52には、1面傾斜タイプの反射面58が形成されている。この反射面58の角度α(軸線C3に対する反射面58の角度α)は、被投射面(目玉内面30)の法線Zに対するショットの投射角βが0<β≦45°となるように45°未満に設定されている。また反射面58の面積はショット噴射ノズル51のショット投射面積よりも大きい。この場合、ショット反射部材52を軸線C3まわりに回転させることにより、ショット噴射ノズル51に対する軸線C3のずれをある程度吸収することができる。さらに、第1および第2の領域S1,S2のように圧縮残留応力を大きくしたい箇所に対しては回転速度を遅くしてショットピーニングを重点的に行い、他の領域S3では回転速度を早くして短時間のショットピーニングを行うことにより、目玉内面30の周方向に所望の圧縮残留応力分布を付与してもよい。それ以外の構成と作用は図11のショットピーニング装置50と同様であるため説明を省略する。   FIG. 15 shows a shot peening apparatus 50 ″ according to the sixth embodiment. The shot reflecting member 52 of this shot peening apparatus 50 ″ has a one-surface inclined type reflecting surface 58 formed thereon. The angle α of the reflection surface 58 (the angle α of the reflection surface 58 with respect to the axis C3) is 45 so that the shot projection angle β with respect to the normal Z of the projection surface (eyeball inner surface 30) satisfies 0 <β ≦ 45 °. It is set to less than °. The area of the reflection surface 58 is larger than the shot projection area of the shot injection nozzle 51. In this case, by rotating the shot reflecting member 52 about the axis C3, the deviation of the axis C3 with respect to the shot injection nozzle 51 can be absorbed to some extent. Further, the rotational speed is reduced to focus on shot peening at locations where the compressive residual stress is to be increased, such as the first and second areas S1 and S2, and the rotational speed is increased in the other area S3. Thus, a desired compressive residual stress distribution may be imparted in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 30 of the eyeball by performing short-time shot peening. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the shot peening apparatus 50 of FIG.

前記板ばね装置10の目玉部12は、その成形時に加熱されるため、表面に黒皮と呼ばれる酸化皮膜が生じている。目玉内面30に前記削り加工を行わずに黒皮が残った状態でショットピーニングを行った場合の圧縮残留応力を測定したところ、第1の領域S1の圧縮残留応力が−408MPaであった。これに対し、目玉内面30に前記削り加工を行って黒皮を除去した状態でショットピーニングを行った場合は−498MPaであり、絶対値で90MPaほど高い値が得られていることが判った。なお、当業界の慣例として圧縮残留応力値はマイナスで表わしている。このように目玉部12に削り加工を行ったのち内面ショットピーニングを実施したことにより、第1および第2の領域S1,S2の圧縮残留応力をより効果的に発現させることが可能となった。   Since the eyeball portion 12 of the leaf spring device 10 is heated at the time of molding, an oxide film called black skin is formed on the surface. When compressive residual stress was measured when shot peening was performed with the black skin remaining on the inner surface 30 of the eyeball, the compressive residual stress in the first region S1 was −408 MPa. On the other hand, when shot peening was performed in a state in which the inner surface 30 was cut and the black skin was removed, it was found to be −498 MPa, and an absolute value as high as 90 MPa was obtained. In addition, the compressive residual stress value is represented by minus as a convention in the industry. As described above, by performing the inner surface shot peening after performing the cutting process on the eyeball portion 12, it is possible to more effectively express the compressive residual stress in the first and second regions S1 and S2.

前記内面ショットピーニング工程によって付与される目玉内面30の周方向の圧縮残留応力分布は、第1の領域S1の圧縮残留応力の絶対値と、第2の領域S2の圧縮残留応力の絶対値とが、周方向の他の領域S3の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも例えば5〜10%以上大きくなるようにしている。例えば第1および第2の領域S1,S2の圧縮残留応力は−498MPa以上であり、他の領域S3の圧縮残留応力は−400MPa前後である。なお、圧縮残留応力分布の勾配が急になると、勾配が急な箇所が破損の起点になることがあるため、圧縮残留応力分布の勾配を緩やかにするとよい。   The distribution of compressive residual stress in the circumferential direction of the inner surface 30 provided by the inner surface shot peening process includes the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the first region S1 and the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the second region S2. The absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the other region S3 in the circumferential direction is set to be, for example, 5 to 10% or more. For example, the compressive residual stress in the first and second regions S1, S2 is −498 MPa or more, and the compressive residual stress in the other region S3 is approximately −400 MPa. In addition, when the gradient of the compressive residual stress distribution becomes steep, a portion where the slope is steep may become a starting point of breakage.

このように第2の領域S2の圧縮残留応力値を高めたことにより、ブッシュ20が圧入された状態での目玉部12の遅れ破壊を改善することができた。この目玉部12の遅れ破壊を調べるために、ブッシュ相当金具が圧入された目玉部12を強酸性(pH1.0)の硫酸液中に浸漬するという試験条件で遅れ破壊試験を行なった。その結果、従来の目玉部では短時間(10分〜30分)で遅れ破壊が生じていたのに対し、本実施形態の目玉部12の遅れ破壊は5時間以上で発生し、遅れ破壊が大幅に改善されることが確認された、しかも本実施形態の内面ショットピーニング工程によれば、目玉内面30の全周に均等にショットを投射する場合と比較して、投射に必要なエネルギーを節約することができた。   Thus, by increasing the compressive residual stress value in the second region S2, it was possible to improve the delayed fracture of the eyeball portion 12 with the bush 20 being press-fitted. In order to investigate the delayed fracture of the eyeball portion 12, a delayed fracture test was performed under the test condition of immersing the eyeball portion 12 into which the bush-corresponding metal fitting was press-fitted in a strongly acidic (pH 1.0) sulfuric acid solution. As a result, in the conventional eyeball part, delayed fracture occurred in a short time (10 minutes to 30 minutes), whereas the delayed fracture of the eyeball part 12 of this embodiment occurred in 5 hours or more, and the delayed fracture was significant. In addition, according to the inner surface shot peening process of the present embodiment, energy required for projection can be saved as compared to the case where shots are evenly projected on the entire circumference of the inner surface 30 of the eyeball. I was able to.

前記内面ショットピーニング工程が終了したのち、目玉部12にブッシュ20が圧入される。ブッシュ20の外径D2(図2に示す)は、ブッシュ20が挿入される前の自由状態における目玉部12の内径D1よりも僅かに大きい。D1とD2の差は例えば0.5〜0.7mm程度である。従ってこの目玉部12は、ブッシュ20が圧入された状態において、前記自由状態よりも僅かに拡径した状態で目玉部12の内側に収容される。   After the inner surface shot peening process is finished, the bush 20 is press-fitted into the eyeball portion 12. The outer diameter D2 (shown in FIG. 2) of the bush 20 is slightly larger than the inner diameter D1 of the eyeball portion 12 in a free state before the bush 20 is inserted. The difference between D1 and D2 is, for example, about 0.5 to 0.7 mm. Therefore, the eyeball portion 12 is accommodated inside the eyeball portion 12 in a state in which the diameter of the bush 20 is slightly larger than that in the free state when the bush 20 is press-fitted.

目玉内面30は、ブッシュ20が圧入される前に予め前記削り工程が行なわれているため、目玉内面30の真円度と表面精度が高められている。しかも前記削り工程によって、目玉部12の内径D1がブッシュ20の外径D2よりも僅かに大きくなるように仕上げられている。このためブッシュ20の全周を目玉内面30に高精度に密着させることができる。   The eyeball inner surface 30 is subjected to the cutting step in advance before the bush 20 is press-fitted, so that the roundness and surface accuracy of the eyeball inner surface 30 are increased. Moreover, the inner diameter D1 of the eyeball portion 12 is finished to be slightly larger than the outer diameter D2 of the bush 20 by the cutting step. For this reason, the entire circumference of the bush 20 can be brought into close contact with the eyeball inner surface 30 with high accuracy.

以上説明したように、本実施形態の板ばね装置10の製造方法は下記の工程を含んでいる。
(1)板ばね11の端部を加熱し、丸く巻くことによって目玉部12を形成する工程。
(2)板ばね11に焼入れ、焼戻し等の熱処理を行う工程。
(3)板ばね11の外面にショットピーニングを行なう工程。
(4)目玉内面30をリーマ等によって機械加工する削り工程。この削り工程によって、目玉内面30を円形に仕上げるとともに、目玉内面30の酸化皮膜が除去される。
(5)前記削り工程が行なわれた後に、目玉内面30にショットを投射する内面ショットピーニング工程。この内面ショットピーニング工程では、第1および第2の領域S1,S2の圧縮残留応力の絶対値が他の領域S3の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも大きくなるように圧縮残留応力分布を生じさせる。
(6)前記内面ショットピーニング工程後にブッシュ20を目玉部12に圧入する工程。
As described above, the manufacturing method of the leaf spring device 10 of the present embodiment includes the following steps.
(1) The process of forming the eyeball part 12 by heating the end part of the leaf | plate spring 11 and winding round.
(2) A step of performing heat treatment such as quenching and tempering on the leaf spring 11.
(3) A step of performing shot peening on the outer surface of the leaf spring 11.
(4) A shaving process of machining the inner surface 30 of the centerpiece with a reamer or the like. Through this cutting process, the inner surface 30 of the eyeball is finished in a circular shape, and the oxide film on the inner surface 30 of the eyeball is removed.
(5) An inner surface shot peening process in which a shot is projected onto the eyeball inner surface 30 after the shaving process is performed. In this inner surface shot peening process, a compressive residual stress distribution is generated so that the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the first and second regions S1, S2 is larger than the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the other region S3.
(6) A step of press-fitting the bush 20 into the centerpiece 12 after the inner surface shot peening step.

なお本発明を実施するに当たり、板ばねのリーフ部や目玉部、ブッシュの形状、構造をはじめとして、板ばね装置を構成する各部の態様を種々に変更して実施できることは言うまでもない。また目玉部は前記実施形態で説明したような上巻き目玉(up-turned eye)に限ることなく、下巻き目玉(down-turned eye)であってもよい。   Needless to say, in carrying out the present invention, the shape of the leaf spring, the centerpiece, the bush, and the shape and structure of the leaf spring can be variously changed. Further, the eyeball portion is not limited to the up-turned eye as described in the above embodiment, but may be a down-turned eye.

10…板ばね装置
11…板ばね
12…目玉部
20…ブッシュ
30…目玉内面
31…巻き始め部
32…巻き中間点
50,50´,50”…ショットピーニング装置
51…ショット噴射ノズル
52…ショット反射部材
58…反射面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Plate spring apparatus 11 ... Plate spring 12 ... Eyeball part 20 ... Bush 30 ... Eyeball inner surface 31 ... Winding start part 32 ... Winding intermediate point 50, 50 ', 50 "... Shot peening apparatus 51 ... Shot injection nozzle 52 ... Shot reflection Member 58 ... reflective surface

Claims (5)

端部に丸く巻かれた目玉部を有する板ばねと、
前記目玉部に圧入されるブッシュとを備えた板ばね装置であって、
前記目玉部の内側に削り加工とショットピーニングとがなされた目玉内面を有しかつ、
前記目玉内面の周方向の圧縮残留応力分布に関して該目玉部の巻き始め部を含む第1の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値と、目玉中心を通る鉛直線上の巻き中間点を含む第2の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値とが、該目玉内面の他の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも大きい圧縮残留応力分布を有していることを特徴とする板ばね装置。
A leaf spring having an eyeball rolled round at the end;
A leaf spring device comprising a bush press-fitted into the eyeball part,
The inside of the eyeball part has an eyeball inner surface that has been subjected to cutting and shot peening, and
Regarding the distribution of compressive residual stress in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the eyeball, the second region including the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the first region including the winding start portion of the eyeball portion and the winding intermediate point on the vertical line passing through the center of the eyeball The leaf spring device is characterized in that the absolute value of the compressive residual stress is greater than the absolute value of the compressive residual stress in the other region of the inner surface of the eyeball.
板ばねの端部を丸く巻くことによって目玉部を形成する工程と、
前記目玉部の内面を削ることによって該目玉内面を円形に仕上げるとともに該目玉内面に付着していた酸化皮膜を除去する削り工程と、
前記削り工程が行なわれた後に、前記目玉内面にショットを投射することによって前記目玉内面に圧縮残留応力を付与し、かつ、該目玉内面の周方向の圧縮残留応力分布に関して該目玉部の巻き始め部を含む第1の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値と、目玉中心を通る鉛直線上の巻き中間点を含む第2の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値とを、該目玉内面の他の領域の圧縮残留応力の絶対値よりも大きくする内面ショットピーニング工程と、
前記内面ショットピーニング工程後に前記目玉部に該目玉部の内径よりも大きな外径のブッシュを圧入する工程と、
を具備したことを特徴とする板ばね装置の製造方法。
Forming the eyeball portion by winding the end of the leaf spring roundly;
Sharpening the inner surface of the eyeball part by cutting the inner surface of the eyeball part and removing the oxide film adhering to the inner surface of the eyeball,
After the shaving step is performed, a compressive residual stress is applied to the inner surface of the eyeball by projecting a shot onto the inner surface of the eyeball, and the winding of the eyeball portion starts with respect to the distribution of the compressive residual stress in the circumferential direction of the inner surface of the eyeball The absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the first region including the portion and the absolute value of the compressive residual stress of the second region including the winding intermediate point on the vertical line passing through the center of the eyeball are determined for the other regions of the inner surface of the eyeball. An inner surface shot peening process for making the compressive residual stress larger than the absolute value;
A step of press-fitting a bush having an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the eyeball portion into the eyeball portion after the inner surface shot peening step;
A method for manufacturing a leaf spring device.
前記内面ショットピーニング工程では、前記目玉部の内側にショット噴射ノズルを挿入しかつ該ショット噴射ノズルと対向する位置にショット反射部材を配置し、前記ショット噴射ノズルから前記ショット反射部材に向けてショットを投射するとともにこれらショットを前記ショット反射部材によって前記目玉内面に向けて反射させ、かつ、前記ショット反射部材を前記第1の領域に近付けた状態で前記ショットを投射する第1のショットピーニング工程と、前記ショット反射部材を前記第2の領域に近付けた状態で前記ショットを投射する第2のショットピーニング工程とを行なうことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の板ばね装置の製造方法。   In the inner surface shot peening step, a shot injection nozzle is inserted inside the eyeball and a shot reflecting member is disposed at a position facing the shot injection nozzle, and a shot is made from the shot injection nozzle toward the shot reflecting member. A first shot peening step of projecting and projecting the shot with the shot reflecting member being reflected toward the inner surface of the eyeball and projecting the shot reflecting member close to the first region; 3. The method for manufacturing a leaf spring device according to claim 2, wherein a second shot peening step of projecting the shot in a state where the shot reflecting member is brought close to the second region is performed. 請求項1に記載された板ばね装置の目玉内面に前記ショットピーニングを行うためのショットピーニング装置であって、
前記目玉部の内側に挿入されるショット噴射ノズルと、
前記ショット噴射ノズルと対向する反射面を有し前記ショット噴射ノズルから投射されたショットを該反射面で反射させ前記目玉内面に向わせるショット反射部材とを具備し、
前記反射面は、前記第1の領域と第2の領域に向って反射するショットの量が前記他の領域に向って反射するショットの量よりも多くなるような形状としたことを特徴とするショットピーニング装置。
A shot peening apparatus for performing the shot peening on the inner surface of the center of the leaf spring apparatus according to claim 1,
A shot spray nozzle inserted inside the centerpiece,
A shot reflecting member having a reflecting surface facing the shot spray nozzle and reflecting a shot projected from the shot spray nozzle on the reflecting surface and facing the inner surface of the eyeball;
The reflection surface is shaped so that the amount of shots reflected toward the first region and the second region is larger than the amount of shots reflected toward the other region. Shot peening equipment.
前記ショット反射部材の軸線に対する前記反射面のなす角度が、該反射面で反射するショットの投射角が0°を越えて45°以下となる角度としたことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のショットピーニング装置。   The angle formed by the reflection surface with respect to the axis of the shot reflection member is an angle at which a projection angle of a shot reflected by the reflection surface is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 45 °. Shot peening equipment.
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