JP2011127726A - Power source switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power source switching device capable of efficiently transmitting power of a plurality of motors to wheels of a vehicle by switching or combining the motors and capable of maintaining a high speed in operation of each motor with relatively low speed rotation. <P>SOLUTION: This power source switching device includes: a driving shaft 10 supported by a device body 2 freely to axially rotate; a first sun gear 32 provided to be fixed on the driving shaft 10; a second sun gear 42 provided on the driving shaft 10 freely to relatively rotate; a planetary gear shaft 52 including a first planetary gear 36 freely to rotate in one end thereof and a second planetary gear 46 freely to rotate in the other end thereof; a first internal gear 34 provided to be fixed to the device body 2 and engaged with the first planetary gear 36; a second internal gear 44a provided to be fixed to the device body 2 and engaged with the second planetary gear 46; an acceleration gear 44b integrally formed with the second internal gear 44a and connected to a second motor 4 freely to interlock with the second motor 4; and a propeller shaft 70 connected to the second sun gear 42 and capable of transmitting power to wheels 6 of a vehicle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power source switching device that is used in a hybrid vehicle equipped with a plurality of prime movers serving as power sources, and performs switching and coupling of power sources that drive the vehicles.

  Conventionally, as a power source switching device used in a hybrid vehicle equipped with a plurality of prime movers such as an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, for example, the output shaft of the internal combustion engine is indirectly connected to the drive shaft via a clutch and a planetary gear mechanism, It has a configuration in which the output shaft of the electric motor is directly connected to the drive shaft via a gear, and after starting the vehicle with the power of only the electric motor (M mode), the power of the internal combustion engine is coupled by connecting the clutch. Are accelerated (ME mode), and then the motor is freely rotated as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine increases, so that the vehicle is driven by the power of only the internal combustion engine (E mode). (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-30223

  However, in the switching device of Patent Document 1, since the electric motor is always rotating even when the vehicle is driven by the power of only the internal combustion engine, unnecessary rotation of the electric motor becomes a load and reduces the power transmission efficiency of the internal combustion engine. There is a problem.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention can efficiently transfer the power of a plurality of prime movers to a vehicle wheel by switching or combining them, and maintain a high speed at a relatively low speed for each prime mover. It is an object of the present invention to provide a power source switching device that can do the above.

  In order to achieve the above object, the power source switching device according to the present invention is supported by the device main body so as to be capable of rotating the shaft, and one end of which is connected to and released from the output shaft of the first prime mover via a clutch. A shaft, a first sun gear fixedly provided on the drive shaft, and a predetermined distance from the first sun gear provided on the drive shaft and capable of rotating relative to the drive shaft A planet having a second sun gear and a first planetary gear that meshes with the first sun gear at one end rotatably, and a second planetary gear that meshes with the second sun gear at the other end. A gear shaft, a first inner surface gear fixed to the apparatus main body and meshing with the first planetary gear, a second inner surface gear meshing with the second planetary gear, and the second inner surface gear are integrated. Acceleration gear formed and connected to the second prime mover The second is operatively coupled with the sun gear, characterized in that it comprises a propeller shaft capable of transmitting power to the wheels of the vehicle.

As described above, according to the power source switching device according to the present invention, the first sun gear is fixed on the drive shaft, and the first and second planetary gears meshed with the first and second sun gears are the same. Since it is rotatably attached to the planetary gear shaft and the second sun gear is connected so as to be interlocked with the propulsion shaft, the power of the first prime mover can be transmitted to the propulsion shaft. On the other hand, the acceleration gear is connected to the second prime mover so that it can be interlocked, and the acceleration gear is formed integrally with the second inner gear that meshes with the second planetary gear. Or it can be combined with the power of the first prime mover and transmitted to the propulsion shaft. As described above, according to the power source switching device according to the present invention, the power of the first or second prime mover can be transmitted to the propulsion shaft independently or in combination, so that the rotation of each prime mover is relatively slow. Even with rotation, a high speed can be maintained.
Further, since the first inner surface gear is fixed to the apparatus main body, when the vehicle is driven by the power of only the first prime mover, the rotation of the second inner surface gear is stopped without requiring any special operation. Accordingly, since the rotation of the second prime mover can be stopped, a load due to unnecessary rotation of the second prime mover can be eliminated, and the power transmission efficiency of the first prime mover can be improved.

  A power source switching device according to the present invention is provided on the drive shaft, and supports a planetary gear carrier that supports the planetary gear shaft, a shaft that is rotatably supported by the device body, and one end that is connected to a generator. And a gear fixed to the transmission shaft, and the planetary gear carrier may have teeth that mesh with the gear on the outer periphery. As described above, the teeth formed on the outer periphery of the planetary gear carrier are connected to the conduction shaft via the gears, so that a part of the power of the first prime mover is transmitted to the generator and the generator generates power. Is possible.

  Further, the power source switching device according to the present invention is engaged with the first reduction gear fixed to the transmission shaft connected to the second prime mover, and the first reduction gear, and is larger than the first reduction gear. A second reduction gear having a diameter, and a third reduction gear formed integrally with the second reduction gear and having an outer diameter smaller than the second reduction gear, wherein the third reduction gear includes: It may be meshed with an acceleration gear. As described above, since the output of the second prime mover is transmitted via the first reduction gear, the second reduction gear, and the third reduction gear, the power of the second prime mover can be increased and transmitted to the propulsion shaft. It becomes possible to use a high-speed second prime mover.

  According to the present invention, the power source capable of switching or combining the powers of a plurality of prime movers to efficiently transmit them to the wheels of the vehicle and maintaining the high speed at a relatively low speed for the rotation of each prime mover. A switching device can be provided.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the power source switching apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing along the AA 'line of FIG.

  Next, a preferred embodiment of the power source switching device according to the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the power source switching device according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. The power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment is a power source switching device that switches or combines the power of the internal combustion engine 3 (first prime mover) and the power of the electric motor 4 (second prime mover), as shown in FIG. In addition, an apparatus main body 2 formed so that the internal combustion engine 3, the electric motor 4, and the generator 7 can be attached to the outer side surfaces, a drive shaft 10 provided on the apparatus main body 2 so as to be rotatable, and a predetermined amount on the drive shaft 10. The first sun gear 32 and the second sun gear 42 that are provided at intervals of the first sun gear 32, the first planetary gear 36 that meshes with the first sun gear 32 at one end, and the second sun gear 42 that meshes with the other end. A planetary gear shaft 52 provided with a second planetary gear 46, a first inner gear 34 meshing with the first planetary gear 36, a second inner gear 44a meshing with the second planetary gear 46, and a second inner gear. 44a integrally formed with a reduction gear Acceleration gear 44b meshing with structure 60, planetary gear carrier 50 supporting planetary gear shaft 52, propulsion shaft 70 capable of transmitting power to vehicle wheels 6 and 6 via differential 5, and device body 2 And a conduction shaft 80 connected to the generator 7.

  The apparatus main body 2 has a sealed space, and a hole 2c for penetrating the drive shaft 10 is formed on one side surface 2a (lower side in FIG. 1). A hole 2d for penetrating a second sun gear shaft 48 described later is formed in the side surface 2b (upper side in FIG. 1). Further, on the other side surface 2b of the apparatus body 2, there are a hole 2e for passing through the conduction shaft 20 connected to the electric motor 4, and a hole 2f for passing through the conduction shaft 80 connected to the generator 7. Each is formed at a predetermined position. A hole 2c of the apparatus main body 2 is provided with a one-way clutch 14 that supports the drive shaft 10 so as to be rotatable about the shaft and restricts the reverse rotation of the drive shaft 10. The holes 2d, 2e, and 2f of the apparatus main body 2 are provided in the holes 2c, 2e, and 2f. Are provided with bearings 15, 17 a, and 18 a that rotatably support a second sun gear shaft 48, a conductive shaft 20 connected to the electric motor 4, and a conductive shaft 80 connected to the generator 7, respectively. .

  One end 10a of the drive shaft 10 is located outside the apparatus main body 2, and the other end 10b is inserted into a central hollow portion of a second sun gear shaft 48, which will be described later, provided inside the apparatus main body 2. It is supported in the hole 2c of the apparatus main body 2 via the one-way clutch 14. A clutch 12 that can be connected to and released from the output shaft 3a of the internal combustion engine 3 is attached to the one end 10a.

  The first sun gear 32 and the second sun gear 42 are formed in the same shape and size. The first sun gear 32 is fixedly provided on the drive shaft 10, and the second sun gear 42 is provided on the bearing 13. Is provided on the drive shaft 10 so as to be relatively rotatable. The second sun gear 42 includes a second sun that extends from the back side of the second sun gear 42 to the propulsion shaft 70 side (upper side in FIG. 1) and protrudes outside the device body 2 from the hole 2 d of the device body 2. A gear shaft 48 is integrally formed. The second sun gear shaft 48 has a central hollow portion into which the drive shaft 10 can be inserted from the second sun gear 42 side (lower side in FIG. 1), and between the central hollow portion and the drive shaft 10. By providing the bearing 13, the drive shaft 10 is supported in a relatively rotatable state. The second sun gear shaft 48 is supported in the hole 2 d of the apparatus main body 2 via the bearing 15 and is connected to the propulsion shaft 70 outside the apparatus main body 2.

  The first planetary gear 36 and the second planetary gear 46 are formed in the same shape and size, and the first planetary gear 36 is rotatably provided at one end of the planetary gear shaft 52 via a bearing 47a. The planetary gear 46 is rotatably provided at the other end of the planetary gear shaft 52 via a bearing 47b, so that it rotates independently of each other and revolves around the first sun gear 32 and the second sun gear 42 as a unit. To be connected. The first planetary gear 36 and the second planetary gear 46 connected in this way are provided at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the first sun gear 32 and the second sun gear 42 as shown in FIGS. The planetary gear shaft 52 is provided with a midway portion fixed to the planetary gear carrier 50.

  The first inner surface gear 34 and the second inner surface gear 44a are formed in the same shape and the same size, and the first inner surface gear 34 is positioned concentrically with the first sun gear 32 and the first planetary gear 36. It is fixed to the inner wall surface of the apparatus main body 2. The second inner surface gear 44 a is integrally formed with an acceleration gear 44 b that can mesh with a third reduction gear 66, which will be described later, on the outer peripheral surface thereof, and is configured to rotate in conjunction with the electric motor 4. The second inner gear 44a is integrally formed with an acceleration gear shaft 49 extending from the rear surface to the second sun gear shaft 48 and refracting and extending toward the propulsion shaft 70 (upper side in FIG. 1). . The acceleration gear shaft 49 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the second sun gear shaft 48 via the bearing 19 so that the second inner gear 44a is positioned concentrically with the second sun gear 42 and the second planetary gear 46. It is provided so as to be rotatable.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the planetary gear carrier 50 is used for preventing reverse rotation while supporting the planetary gear shaft 52 between the first sun gear 32 and the second sun gear 42 provided on the drive shaft 10. The one-way clutch 16 is provided on the drive shaft 10. The planetary gear carrier 50 supports the planetary gear shaft 52 and is provided on the drive shaft 10 via the one-way clutch 16, so that the first planetary gear 36 and the second planetary gear 46 revolve in the forward direction. And the revolution of the first planetary gear 36 and the second planetary gear 46 in the reverse direction is restricted. Further, the planetary gear carrier 50 has teeth 54 that can mesh with a gear 82 described later on the outer peripheral surface thereof.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reduction gear mechanism 60 meshes with the first reduction gear 62 fixed to the transmission shaft 20 and the first reduction gear 62, and has a larger outer diameter than the first reduction gear 62. The second reduction gear 64 and the third reduction gear 66 formed integrally with the second reduction gear 64 and having a smaller outer diameter than the second reduction gear 64 and meshing with the acceleration gear 44b. Yes. The conduction shaft 20 has one end 20a protruding from the hole 2e of the apparatus body 2 and connected to the electric motor 4, and the other end 20b is fitted to the inner wall of one side surface 2a of the apparatus body 2 via a bearing 17b. The midway part is supported by the hole 2e of the apparatus main body 2 through the bearing 17a so that axial rotation is possible. The second reduction gear 64 and the third reduction gear 66 are rotatably provided on a fixed shaft 68 spanned from one side surface 2a of the apparatus body 2 to the other side surface 2b via a bearing 69. Yes. The first reduction gear 62, the second reduction gear 64, the third reduction gear 66, and the acceleration gear 44b are engaged with each other, and are interlocked with each other when the transmission shaft 20 connected to the motor 4 rotates. When the conduction shaft 20 connected to the electric motor 4 stops, the rotation is stopped.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the propulsion shaft 70 has one end connected to the second sun gear shaft 48 and the other end connected to the input shaft of the differential device 5. It is comprised so that it may be transmitted to the wheels 6 and 6 of a vehicle via.

  The conduction shaft 80 has one end 80a protruding from the hole 2f of the apparatus body 2 and connected to the generator 7, and the other end 80b is fitted to the inner wall of one side surface 2a of the apparatus body 2 via a bearing 18b. The midway part is supported by the hole 2f of the apparatus main body 2 via the bearing 18a so that axial rotation is possible. A gear 82 that meshes with the teeth 54 of the planetary gear carrier 50 is fixed to the conduction shaft 80, and the conduction shaft 80 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the planetary gear carrier 50 to start the generator 7. It is configured to let you.

Next, an operation example of the power source switching device 1 according to this embodiment will be described.
First, in a state where the clutch 12 attached to the drive shaft 10 is released, the operation switch (not shown) is operated to activate the electric motor 4. Thereby, the power of the electric motor 4 is changed from the transmission shaft 20 → the reduction gear mechanism 60 → the acceleration gear 44b → the second inner gear 44a → the second planetary gear 46 → the second sun gear 42 → the second sun gear shaft 48 → the propulsion shaft 70 → The vehicle is transmitted in the order of the differential 5 → the wheels 6 and 6.

  Next, when the vehicle reaches a required speed, for example, about 30 km / h, the power source for driving the vehicle is switched from the electric motor 4 to the internal combustion engine 3. The power source is switched by connecting the internal combustion engine 3 and the drive shaft 10 by the clutch 12 to start the internal combustion engine 3, then operating an operation switch (not shown) to stop the electric motor 4, thereby further stopping the internal combustion engine 3. This is done by accelerating. As a result, the vehicle can reach a required speed, for example, about 60 km / h by the power of the internal combustion engine 3 alone. Thus, by starting the internal combustion engine 3 using the power of the electric motor 4, a starter dedicated to starting the internal combustion engine 3 is not required and the number of parts can be reduced. It can contribute to price.

  The power of the internal combustion engine 3 is as follows: drive shaft 10 → first sun gear 32 → first planetary gear 36 → second planetary gear 46 → second sun gear 42 → second sun gear shaft 48 → propulsion shaft 70 → differential device 5 → Wheels 6 and 6 are transmitted in this order, and the planetary gear carrier 50 rotates as the first planetary gear 36 revolves, whereby a part of the power of the internal combustion engine 3 is distributed and the drive shaft 10 → the first 1 sun gear 32 → first planetary gear 36 → planet gear carrier 50 → gear 82 → conduction shaft 80 → generator 7 is transmitted in this order, and the generator 7 is started. The generated power generated by the generator 7 is stored in a capacitor (not shown) and supplied to the electric motor 4.

  Here, when the vehicle is driven by the power of only the internal combustion engine 3, the transmission shaft 20, the first reduction gear 62, the second reduction gear 64, the third reduction gear 66, and the acceleration gear 44b are accompanied with the stop of the electric motor 4. And the rotation of the second inner surface gear 44a is necessarily stopped. That is, when the drive shaft 10 rotates, the first sun gear 32 rotates with the same rotation, and the first planetary gear 36 meshing with the first sun gear 32 revolves around the first sun gear 32 while rotating. In addition, the planetary gear carrier 50 rotates with the revolution of the first planetary gear 36, whereby the second planetary gear 46 revolves around the second sun gear 42 while rotating, and the second sun gear 42 rotates. Let At this time, the first and second sun gears 32 and 42, the first and second planetary gears 36 and 46, and the first and second inner gears 34 and 44 are formed in the same shape and size, respectively. Each performs the same rotation. That is, the rotation of the drive shaft 10 rotates the second sun gear 42 and the second sun gear shaft 48 at the same number of rotations, and rotates the propulsion shaft 70 connected to the second sun gear shaft 48, The rotation of the propulsion shaft 70 is transmitted to the wheels 6 and 6. On the other hand, since the first inner surface gear 34 is fixed to the apparatus main body 2 and is stationary, the second inner surface gear 44a is similarly stationary and restricted in rotation, and the acceleration gear 44b integrated with the second inner surface gear 44a The rotation and the rotation of the reduction gear mechanism 60 and the transmission shaft 20 that are interlocked with the acceleration gear 44b are necessarily stopped. As described above, in the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, when the vehicle is driven by the power of only the internal combustion engine 3, the free rotation of the electric motor 4 can be stopped without requiring a special operation. Therefore, a load due to unnecessary rotation of the electric motor 4 can be eliminated, and the power transmission efficiency of the internal combustion engine 3 can be improved.

  Next, when the vehicle is accelerated rapidly, the electric motor 4 is restarted with the output from the internal combustion engine 3 maintained, and the power of the internal combustion engine 3 and the power of the electric motor 4 are combined. Thereby, for example, when the rotational speed of the electric motor 4 is a rotational speed corresponding to 30 km / h, and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 3 is a rotational speed corresponding to 60 km / h, the power of only the electric motor 4 is 90 km / h. It can reach about h. As described above, in the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, the power of the internal combustion engine 3 and the power of the electric motor 4 can be appropriately switched or combined according to the traveling state. Even if the motors 3 and 4 are rotated at a relatively low speed, a high speed can be maintained.

  Further, when the vehicle is moved backward, it can be performed by operating an operation switch (not shown) to reversely rotate the electric motor 4. Specifically, by rotating the motor 4 in the reverse direction, the transmission shaft 20, the reduction gear mechanism 60, the acceleration gear 44b, the second inner gear 44a, the second planetary gear 46, the second sun gear 42, the second sun gear shaft. 48 and the propulsion shaft 70 are reversely rotated, and the reverse rotation of the propulsion shaft 70 is transmitted to the wheels 6 and 6 of the vehicle via the differential device 5 so that the vehicle can be moved backward. At this time, the planetary gear carrier 50 is provided on the drive shaft 10 via the one-way clutch 16, and the drive shaft 10 is provided on the apparatus body 2 via the one-way clutch 14. The carrier 50 is stationary without reverse rotation. As described above, since the planetary gear carrier 50 is stationary, the revolution of the second planetary gear 46 is restricted, and the second sun gear 42 is rotated only by rotation. 6 and 6 can be transmitted.

  In the operation example of the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, the vehicle starts using the power of the electric motor 4, and then starts the internal combustion engine 3 using the power of the electric motor 4 and drives the electric motor 4. The motor 4 is stopped and accelerated using only the power of the internal combustion engine 3, and then the electric motor 4 is started again and further accelerated using the power of only the electric motor 4. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The timing for driving the motor and the timing for driving the electric motor 4 can be changed as appropriate according to the traveling situation and the like.

  In the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, the reduction gear mechanism 60 is provided in order to transmit the output of the electric motor 4 to the acceleration gear 44b. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a conduction shaft connected to the electric motor 4. A structure in which the gear is fixed to 20 and the gear and the acceleration gear 44b are directly meshed, or the motor 4 and the acceleration gear 44b are connected by an annular belt or the like, and the acceleration gear 44b rotates in conjunction with the output of the motor 4. It is good also as a structure.

  In the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, the power of the internal combustion engine 3 is divided using the planetary gear carrier 50, the transmission shaft 80, and the gear 82 to start the generator 7. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a power source switching device that does not include the transmission shaft 80 and the gear 82 may be provided by providing the hybrid vehicle with a supply unit that can be charged from an external supply source.

  Furthermore, the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment may further include a rotation speed control device that regulates the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 3 and the rotation speed of the electric motor 4, respectively. By controlling the number of revolutions and the number of revolutions of the electric motor 4, the power source of the internal combustion engine 3 and the electric motor 4 can be switched with higher accuracy. Further, in the conventional hybrid vehicle, it is difficult for the driver to know which power source is used during traveling, but the internal combustion engine 3 and the electric motor 4 are used using the rotation speed control device. By restricting the rotational speed of the power source, it is possible to easily grasp the power source that is currently driven from the rotational speed during traveling.

  Still further, in the power source switching device 1 according to the present embodiment, the first prime mover is the internal combustion engine 3 and the second prime mover is the electric motor 4, and the power source switching device that performs switching or coupling of power between the internal combustion engine 3 and the electric motor 4. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the first prime mover and the second prime mover may be any power source. For example, both the first prime mover and the second prime mover may be electric motors.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power source switching device, 2 Apparatus main body, 3 Internal combustion engine, 4 Electric motor, 5 Differential device, 6 Wheel, 7 Generator, 10 Drive shaft, 20, 80 Conduction shaft, 32 1st sun gear, 34 1st inner surface gear 36, first planetary gear, 42 second sun gear, 44a second inner gear, 44b acceleration gear, 46 second planetary gear, 50 planetary gear carrier, 52 planetary gear shaft, 60 reduction gear mechanism, 82 gear

Claims (3)

A drive shaft (10) supported by the apparatus main body (2) so as to be capable of rotating the shaft and having one end (10a) connected to and released from the output shaft of the first prime mover via the clutch (12);
A first sun gear (32) fixed on the drive shaft (10);
A second sun gear (42) provided on the drive shaft (10) at a predetermined interval from the first sun gear (32) and rotatable relative to the drive shaft (10);
A first planetary gear (36) meshing with the first sun gear (32) is rotatably provided at one end, and a second planetary gear (46) meshing with the second sun gear (42) is rotated at the other end. A planetary gear shaft (52) provided in a possible manner;
A first inner surface gear (34) fixedly provided on the apparatus body (2) and meshing with the first planetary gear (36);
A second inner gear (44a) meshing with the second planetary gear (46);
An acceleration gear (44b) formed integrally with the second inner surface gear (44a) and connected to the second prime mover;
A power source switching device comprising: a propulsion shaft (70) connected to the second sun gear (42) so as to be interlocked and capable of transmitting power to a vehicle wheel (6). A planetary gear carrier (50) provided on the drive shaft (10) and supporting the planetary gear shaft (52);
A conduction shaft (80) supported by the apparatus main body (2) so as to be axially rotatable and having one end (80a) connected to the generator (7);
A gear (82) fixed to the conduction shaft (80);
The power source switching device according to claim 1, wherein the planetary gear carrier (50) has teeth (54) meshing with the gear (82) on an outer periphery. A first reduction gear (62) fixed to a transmission shaft (20) connected to the second prime mover;
A second reduction gear (64) meshing with the first reduction gear (62) and having a larger outer diameter than the first reduction gear (62);
A third reduction gear (66) formed integrally with the second reduction gear (64) and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the second reduction gear (64);
The power source switching device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the third reduction gear (66) meshes with the acceleration gear (44b).

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