JP2011122674A - High fatigue strength bolt and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

High fatigue strength bolt and method of manufacturing the same Download PDF

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JP2011122674A
JP2011122674A JP2009281083A JP2009281083A JP2011122674A JP 2011122674 A JP2011122674 A JP 2011122674A JP 2009281083 A JP2009281083 A JP 2009281083A JP 2009281083 A JP2009281083 A JP 2009281083A JP 2011122674 A JP2011122674 A JP 2011122674A
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bolt
fatigue strength
cavitation jet
high fatigue
manufacturing
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JP5431139B2 (en
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Tetsuo Shiragami
哲夫 白神
Hiromichi Kusafuka
草深博道
Nobutaka Kurosawa
伸隆 黒澤
Hiromasa Hayashi
宏優 林
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NIPPON FASTENER KOGYO KK
JFE Steel Corp
JFE Bars and Shapes Corp
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NIPPON FASTENER KOGYO KK
JFE Steel Corp
JFE Bars and Shapes Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bolt improved in fatigue strength without changing chemical components of the current material or a bolt shape, and a method of manufacturing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The method of manufacturing the high fatigue strength bolt is characterized in that cavitation jet is ejected to a screw trough part from an incomplete screw part to a part where three threads are fitted from a fitted end of the bolt and a nut of a screw part of the bolt. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

本発明は、自動車および各種産業機械で用いられる高疲労強度ボルトおよびその製造方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a high fatigue strength bolt used in automobiles and various industrial machines and a method for manufacturing the same.

自動車および各種産業機械に用いられているボルトは、繰返し応力を受けるので疲労強度が重要な特性となっている。またボルトの高強度化においては遅れ破壊特性も求められる。   Since bolts used in automobiles and various industrial machines are subjected to repeated stress, fatigue strength is an important characteristic. In addition, delayed fracture characteristics are also required for increasing the strength of bolts.

疲労強度の向上に関する技術としては、一般的には、ボルトの化学成分や形状の調整や各種方法による圧縮残留応力の付与がある。
例えば、特許文献1には、非調質ボルトの疲労強度を化学成分の調整と組織制御によって向上させる技術が開示されている。
In general, techniques for improving fatigue strength include adjustment of chemical components and shapes of bolts and application of compressive residual stress by various methods.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for improving the fatigue strength of a non-tempered bolt by adjusting chemical components and controlling the structure.

特許文献2には、ボルトのねじ谷形状の改善により、耐遅れ破壊特性および耐疲労特性を向上させる技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for improving delayed fracture resistance and fatigue resistance by improving the thread valley shape of a bolt.

特許文献3には、表面処理方法として、キャビテーションピーニングを用いてCVTベルト用エレメントの表面硬度の向上や洗浄に関する技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 3 discloses a technique relating to improvement and cleaning of the surface hardness of an element for a CVT belt using cavitation peening as a surface treatment method.

特許文献4には、ショットピーニングを用いて、ボルトの耐遅れ破壊特性および耐疲労特性を向上させる技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for improving delayed fracture resistance and fatigue resistance of a bolt using shot peening.

特許文献5には、ボルトの首下丸み部を冷間加工による加工硬化と圧縮残留応力の付与により疲労強度を向上させる技術が開示されている。   Patent Document 5 discloses a technique for improving fatigue strength by work hardening by cold working and imparting compressive residual stress to a round neck part of a bolt.

特開2003−321745号公報JP 2003-321745 A 特開2003−4016号公報JP 2003-4016 A 特開2008−246638号公報JP 2008-246638 A 特開平6−229409号公報JP-A-6-229409 特開平7−180714号公報JP-A-7-180714

特許文献1の疲労強度の向上技術は、化学成分の調整によるためコストアップという課題がある。特許文献2では、ボルトのねじ谷形状の改善により応力集中を低減しているが、疲労強度や遅れ破壊特性の具体的な向上技術は明確になっていない。特許文献3では、CVTベルト用エレメントに限定されており、疲労強度の具体的な向上技術は明確になっていない。   The technique for improving fatigue strength of Patent Document 1 has a problem of cost increase due to adjustment of chemical components. In Patent Document 2, stress concentration is reduced by improving the thread valley shape of the bolt, but specific techniques for improving fatigue strength and delayed fracture characteristics are not clear. In patent document 3, it is limited to the element for CVT belts, and the concrete improvement technique of fatigue strength is not clear.

特許文献4ではショットピーニングを用いることにより、ノッチ部表面が滑らかな形状となることが記載されているが、具体的データは記載されておらず、その効果は、型磨耗に起因した製品のエッジが改善できる程度とされており、広い意味での表面粗さの改善には繋がっていない。特許文献5では、ボルトの首下丸み部の疲労強度の向上に関する技術であり、ボルトのネジ部の疲労強度の向上技術ではない。   Patent Document 4 describes that by using shot peening, the surface of the notch becomes smooth, but specific data is not described, and the effect is the edge of the product due to mold wear. However, it does not lead to improvement of surface roughness in a broad sense. In patent document 5, it is the technique regarding the improvement of the fatigue strength of the neck lower round part of a bolt, and is not the technique of improving the fatigue strength of the thread part of a bolt.

従って、本発明は、現状の素材の化学成分やボルト形状を変更することなく、疲労強度を向上させたボルトおよびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a bolt with improved fatigue strength and a method for manufacturing the same without changing the chemical composition and bolt shape of the current material.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、鋭意研究を重ねた結果、以下の知見を得た。
(1)ボルトにキャビテーション噴流を噴射することによって、ネジ部や首下R部の表面粗さを劣化させることなく圧縮残留応力を付与でき、それによって、疲労強度が向上できること。
(2)不完全ねじ部からボルト締結時にナットとの噛合い端部から3山分噛合った部分までのねじ谷部に、キャビテーション噴流を噴射することによって、疲労強度が向上できること。
(3)ボルトのねじ谷部に沿って、5mm/秒以下の移動速度で移動しながら、キャビテーション噴流を噴射することによって、効果的に疲労強度を向上できること。
The present invention has obtained the following knowledge as a result of intensive studies in order to solve the above problems.
(1) By injecting a cavitation jet onto a bolt, compressive residual stress can be imparted without deteriorating the surface roughness of the threaded portion or the necked R portion, thereby improving fatigue strength.
(2) Fatigue strength can be improved by injecting a cavitation jet from the incomplete thread portion to the thread valley portion from the meshing end portion with the nut at the time of bolt fastening to the portion meshed by three threads.
(3) Fatigue strength can be improved effectively by injecting a cavitation jet while moving at a moving speed of 5 mm / second or less along the thread valley of the bolt.

本発明は、上記の知見を基に、更に検討を加えてなされたもので、本発明の要旨は、以下の通りである。   The present invention has been made based on the above findings and further studies. The gist of the present invention is as follows.

第一の発明は、ボルトのねじ部のうち、不完全ねじ部からボルトとナットとの噛合い端部から3山分噛合った部分までのねじ谷部にキャビテーション噴流を噴射することを特徴とする高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法である。   The first invention is characterized in that a cavitation jet is injected into a thread valley portion from an incomplete thread portion to a portion meshed with three threads from a meshing end portion of a bolt and a nut among screw portions of a bolt. This is a method for manufacturing a high fatigue strength bolt.

第二の発明は、キャビテーション噴流をボルトのねじ谷部に沿って、移動しながら噴射することを特徴とする第一の発明に記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法である。   A second invention is a method for producing a high fatigue strength bolt according to the first invention, wherein the cavitation jet is jetted while moving along the screw thread valley portion of the bolt.

第三の発明は、キャビテーション噴流をボルトのねじ谷部に沿って、5mm/秒以下の移動速度で移動しながら噴射することを特徴とする第一の発明または第二の発明に記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法である。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, the cavitation jet is jetted while moving at a moving speed of 5 mm / second or less along the screw trough portion of the bolt. It is a manufacturing method of a strength bolt.

第四の発明は、第一の発明乃至第三の発明のいずれかに記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法によって製造されたことを特徴とする高疲労強度ボルトである。   A fourth invention is a high fatigue strength bolt manufactured by the method for manufacturing a high fatigue strength bolt according to any one of the first invention to the third invention.

本発明によれば、ボルトのねじ部等にキャビテーション噴流を噴射するので高い疲労強度を有するボルトが得られる。   According to the present invention, since a cavitation jet is injected to the threaded portion of the bolt, a bolt having high fatigue strength can be obtained.

一般的なボルトセットの模式図で、キャビテーションピーニング噴射の位置関係を示す図である。It is a schematic diagram of a general bolt set, and is a diagram showing a positional relationship of cavitation peening injection.

第一の発明では、ボルト1のねじ部4におけるキャビテーション噴流の噴射部位を不完全ねじ部5からボルトとナットとの噛合い端部から3山分噛合った部分までの範囲としている。前記範囲を図1に斜線(S)で示す。   In the first invention, the injection portion of the cavitation jet in the threaded portion 4 of the bolt 1 is in the range from the incomplete threaded portion 5 to the portion meshed by three threads from the meshing end of the bolt and nut. The said range is shown by the oblique line (S) in FIG.

ボルト1とナット2との噛合い状態では、不完全ねじ部5と遊びねじ部6(遊びねじ部とは、不完全ねじ部5に続く完全ねじ部であって、ボルト1とナット2との噛合い端部までの範囲をいう)及びナット2とボルト1との噛合い端部7での応力集中が高くなるからである。また最初の3山部分とした理由は、以下の通りである。   In the meshed state of the bolt 1 and the nut 2, the incomplete screw portion 5 and the free screw portion 6 (the free screw portion is a complete screw portion following the incomplete screw portion 5, and the bolt 1 and the nut 2 This is because the stress concentration at the meshing end portion 7 between the nut 2 and the bolt 1 increases. The reason for the first three peaks is as follows.

M22ボルトとナットを噛合わせた場合のボルトねじ山の荷重分担率は、ナットとボルトとの噛合い端部から奥にはいるに従い、1つのねじ山の荷重分担率は低減する傾向にあり、ナットとの噛合い端部から3山でボルトが受ける全荷重の約50%を負担しているので、この範囲の疲労強度を強化するためにキャビテーション噴流を噴射することとした。
キャビテーション噴流を噴射することによって、表面粗さを劣化することなく圧縮残留応力を付与でき、疲労強度を向上できるからである。
When the M22 bolt and nut are meshed with each other, the load sharing ratio of the bolt thread thread tends to decrease as the load sharing ratio of one thread thread increases from the engagement end of the nut and bolt to the back. Since about 50% of the total load received by the bolt at three ridges from the meshing end with the nut is borne, a cavitation jet is jetted to strengthen the fatigue strength in this range.
This is because by injecting the cavitation jet, compressive residual stress can be applied without deteriorating the surface roughness, and the fatigue strength can be improved.

なお、本キャビテーション噴流の噴射は、ボルト1での締結時にナット2の使用に限定されず、タップにより加工された雄ねじに締め込む時にも適用できる。   The injection of the cavitation jet is not limited to the use of the nut 2 at the time of fastening with the bolt 1 but can be applied also when tightening on a male screw processed by a tap.

また、キャビテーション噴流の噴射は、ねじ谷部に限定されず、ボルトのねじ部4以外で応力集中が大きくなるボルト首下R部8や必要に応じて、軸部(図1の符号5から符号8の間の円筒部)にキャビテーション噴流を噴射するのが良い。これによって、ボルト全体の疲労強度を向上することができるからである。この場合、ボルト首下R部8は、ボルト1を中心軸周りに5回転/秒以下の回転速度で、軸部は、ボルト1を中心軸周りに5回転/秒以下の回転速度で回転し、且つボルト軸方向に5mm/秒以下の移動速度で移動しながら、キャビテーション噴流を噴射するのが好ましい。なお、何れも回転速度5回転/秒超え、移動速度5mm/秒超えでは、疲労強度の向上に必要な残留応力の付与がなされないからである。   Further, the injection of the cavitation jet is not limited to the screw valley portion, but the bolt neck lower R portion 8 where the stress concentration is large except the screw thread portion 4 and the shaft portion (reference numeral 5 from FIG. 1). It is preferable to inject a cavitation jet into the cylindrical portion between 8). This is because the fatigue strength of the entire bolt can be improved. In this case, the bolt neck lower R portion 8 rotates the bolt 1 around the center axis at a rotation speed of 5 rotations / second or less, and the shaft portion rotates the bolt 1 around the center axis at a rotation speed of 5 rotations / second or less. In addition, it is preferable to inject the cavitation jet while moving at a moving speed of 5 mm / second or less in the bolt axis direction. In any case, if the rotational speed exceeds 5 revolutions / second and the traveling speed exceeds 5 mm / seconds, the residual stress necessary for improving the fatigue strength is not applied.

第二の発明では、キャビテーション噴流の噴射方法を限定しているが、ボルトのねじ谷部に沿った方向で噴射を行わないと、噴射が確実に行われない可能性があるからである。   In the second invention, the injection method of the cavitation jet is limited. However, if the injection is not performed in the direction along the thread valley portion of the bolt, the injection may not be reliably performed.

第三の発明は、さらに、キャビテーション噴流の移動速度を限定している。キャビテーション噴流のボルトのねじ谷部に沿った移動速度5mm/秒超えで噴射すると、疲労強度の向上に必要な残留応力の付与がなされないので、ねじ谷部に沿った移動速度を5mm/秒以下とした。   The third invention further limits the moving speed of the cavitation jet. If the cavitation jet is jetted at a moving speed exceeding 5 mm / second along the thread valley of the bolt, the residual stress necessary for improving the fatigue strength is not applied, so the moving speed along the thread valley is 5 mm / second or less. It was.

第四の発明は、第一の発明乃至第三の発明のいずれかに記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法によって製造された高疲労強度ボルトである。   A fourth invention is a high fatigue strength bolt manufactured by the method for manufacturing a high fatigue strength bolt according to any one of the first to third inventions.

本発明を実施例により比較例と対比して説明する。   The present invention will be described in comparison with comparative examples by way of examples.

JIS SCM435製のF10T・M22×100ボルトを用いて下記に示すキャビテーション噴流の噴射条件でキャビテーションピーニングを行い、ねじ谷の残留応力と表面粗さを測定後、疲労試験を行った。比較例として、ショットピーニング処理も行った。   Cavitation peening was performed using JIS SCM435 F10T · M22 × 100 bolts under the cavitation jet conditions shown below, and after measuring the residual stress and surface roughness of the thread valley, a fatigue test was performed. As a comparative example, shot peening treatment was also performed.

キャビテーション噴流の噴射条件
高圧水圧力:15MPa、低圧水圧力:0.04MPa、ノズル距離20mmとした。
Cavitation jetting conditions High pressure water pressure: 15 MPa, low pressure water pressure: 0.04 MPa, nozzle distance 20 mm.

なお、噴射条件は、本条件に限定されるものではなく、疲労強度向上に必要な圧縮残留応力や表面粗さが得られる条件であればよい。   The injection conditions are not limited to these conditions, and any conditions may be used as long as compressive residual stress and surface roughness necessary for improving fatigue strength can be obtained.

ショットピーニング条件
ショット粒は直径0.8mm、硬さHRC60でアークハイト0.45mmA、カバレージ100%である。
Shot Peening Conditions Shot grains have a diameter of 0.8 mm, hardness HRC60, arc height of 0.45 mmA, and coverage of 100%.

残留応力測定
X線残留応力測定装置にて、ねじ谷表面を測定した。「−」表示は圧縮残留応力を意味する。
Residual stress measurement The thread valley surface was measured with an X-ray residual stress measurement device. "-" Display means compressive residual stress.

表面粗さ測定
ねじ面上を表面粗さ計にて測定し、最大高さ(Rz)で評価した。測定方法はJIS B0601:2001によった。
Surface roughness measurement The surface of the thread was measured with a surface roughness meter and evaluated with the maximum height (Rz). The measuring method was based on JIS B0601: 2001.

疲労試験
負荷応力をボルト強度の70%(735MPa)とし、応力振幅を変化させて、引張圧縮型疲労試験機を用いて行った。10回での疲労限度を疲労強度とした。
Fatigue test The load stress was set to 70% (735 MPa) of the bolt strength, the stress amplitude was changed, and the test was performed using a tensile compression fatigue tester. The fatigue limit at 10 7 times was defined as the fatigue strength.

試験結果を表1に示す。   The test results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 2011122674
Figure 2011122674

No.4、5は、キャビテーション噴流をボルトのねじ谷部に沿って噴射する移動速度が、本発明の範囲である5mm/秒を超えているため、圧縮残留応力が小さく疲労強度が低下している。   No. In Nos. 4 and 5, the moving speed of jetting the cavitation jet along the thread valley of the bolt exceeds 5 mm / second which is the range of the present invention, so that the compressive residual stress is small and the fatigue strength is low.

No.6はキャビテーション噴流の噴射部位が本発明の範囲からずれているため、噴射されていない部位での残留応力がキャビテーション噴流の噴射前の状態である。従って、疲労強度はキャビテーション噴流の噴射前の状態に相当し、疲労強度の向上はなされていない。   No. 6 is the state before the injection of the cavitation jet because the injection site of the cavitation jet is deviated from the range of the present invention, and the residual stress at the site where the cavitation jet is not injected. Therefore, the fatigue strength corresponds to the state before jetting of the cavitation jet, and the fatigue strength is not improved.

No.7はショットピーニングによるものであり、圧縮残留応力は十分大きいが、表面粗さ(最大高さ(Rz))が大きく、残留応力が高い割りには、疲労強度が低い値となっている。   No. No. 7 is due to shot peening, and although the compressive residual stress is sufficiently large, the surface roughness (maximum height (Rz)) is large, and the fatigue strength is low for a high residual stress.

No.1〜3は、キャビテーション噴流の噴射部位が本発明の範囲内であり、また、キャビテーション噴流の噴射移動速度も本発明の範囲にあり高い疲労強度が得られている。   No. 1-3, the injection site | part of a cavitation jet is in the range of this invention, and also the injection movement speed of a cavitation jet is also in the range of this invention, and high fatigue strength is obtained.

1 ボルト
2 ナット
3 ワッシャー
4 ねじ部
5 不完全ねじ部
6 遊びねじ部
7 ナットと雄ねじとの噛合い端部
8 ボルト首下R部
9 締付け板
S キャビテーション噴流噴射範囲
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bolt 2 Nut 3 Washer 4 Thread part 5 Incomplete thread part 6 Free thread part 7 Engagement end part of a nut and a male screw 8 Bolt neck lower R part 9 Clamping plate S Cavitation jet injection range

Claims (4)

ボルトのねじ部のうち、不完全ねじ部からボルトとナットとの噛合い端部から3山分噛合った部分までのねじ谷部にキャビテーション噴流を噴射することを特徴とする高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法。   A high fatigue strength bolt characterized by injecting a cavitation jet into a thread valley portion from an incomplete thread portion to a portion meshed with three threads from a meshing end portion of a bolt and a nut among screw portions of a bolt. Production method. キャビテーション噴流をボルトのねじ谷部に沿って、移動しながら噴射することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法。   2. The method for producing a high fatigue strength bolt according to claim 1, wherein the cavitation jet is jetted while moving along the thread valley of the bolt. キャビテーション噴流をボルトのねじ谷部に沿って、5mm/秒以下の移動速度で移動しながら噴射することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法。   3. The method for producing a high fatigue strength bolt according to claim 1, wherein the cavitation jet is jetted while moving at a moving speed of 5 mm / second or less along a screw trough portion of the bolt. 請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の高疲労強度ボルトの製造方法によって製造されたことを特徴とする高疲労強度ボルト。   A high fatigue strength bolt manufactured by the method for manufacturing a high fatigue strength bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013082030A (en) * 2011-10-07 2013-05-09 Jfe Bars & Shapes Corp Method for reinforcing bolt marking tool and bolt marking tool
JP2016050605A (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-04-11 日産自動車株式会社 High-strength bolt

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JP2007271032A (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nippon Steel Corp Bolt joint structure
JP2008246638A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Toyota Motor Corp Surface treatment method of element for cvt belt
JP2009196049A (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Toshiba Plant Systems & Services Corp Peening method of metal component having screw hole and device used for the same
JP2009241199A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Toyota Motor Corp Surface treatment method and surface treatment device

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JPH06229409A (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-16 Mazda Motor Corp Production of steel bolt
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JP2007271032A (en) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-18 Nippon Steel Corp Bolt joint structure
JP2008246638A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Toyota Motor Corp Surface treatment method of element for cvt belt
JP2009196049A (en) * 2008-02-22 2009-09-03 Toshiba Plant Systems & Services Corp Peening method of metal component having screw hole and device used for the same
JP2009241199A (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-22 Toyota Motor Corp Surface treatment method and surface treatment device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013082030A (en) * 2011-10-07 2013-05-09 Jfe Bars & Shapes Corp Method for reinforcing bolt marking tool and bolt marking tool
JP2016050605A (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-04-11 日産自動車株式会社 High-strength bolt

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