JP2011118439A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display device solving such problems that in manufacturing a liquid crystal display element having a black matrix, when a UV curable frame sealing material is cured after injecting a liquid crystal by a drop-fill method, a dose of UV rays on the sealing material is insufficient, resulting in poor curing and significant decrease in the reliability of the liquid crystal display element. <P>SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display element is configured such that an overlap width of a frame type sealing material 120 and a black matrix 150 in the circumference edge along the display region is decreased to 0.2 mm or less, or an overlap region of the black matrix with the frame sealing material includes a light-transmitting part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

According to the present invention, a pair of substrates are fixed to each other with a predetermined gap through a frame-shaped sealing material, and liquid crystal is sealed between both substrates inside the frame-shaped sealing material. It relates to a display element, in particular, surrounds a large number of display pixel groups formed inside the frame-shaped sealing material,
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element provided with a black matrix provided along the frame-shaped sealing material.

In an active matrix type liquid crystal display element which is one type of liquid crystal display element, a switching element is provided in each of a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix. A typical switching element is a thin film transistor (TFT).

Note that an active matrix type liquid crystal display device using a thin film transistor is known, for example, from Patent Document 1. A configuration in which the periphery of the pixel electrode is covered with a light shielding film made of resin (hereinafter also referred to as a black matrix) is known from Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4.
In the liquid crystal display element, for example, a pair of substrates each having a display pixel electrode and an alignment film laminated on the inner surface are arranged so that the inner surfaces face each other with a predetermined gap between them, and With a frame-shaped sealing material provided with a notch part in the peripheral part of the
After the two substrates are bonded together, liquid crystal is sealed inside the sealing material by a reduced pressure injection method through the liquid crystal sealing port, and then the liquid crystal sealing port is sealed.

Further, a polarizing plate is attached to the outside of both the substrates, a backlight for supplying light to the liquid crystal display element is disposed below the liquid crystal display element, and a driving circuit board for driving the liquid crystal display element is provided as the liquid crystal display element Each of these members and a frame-shaped body made of a molded product that holds these members are stored in a metal shield case (frame) or the like with a liquid crystal display window opened. A liquid crystal display device is formed.

JP-A-5-257142 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-342229 JP-A-5-72540 JP 11-352500 A

In recent years, the spread of liquid crystal display elements to small portable devices such as mobile phones has been remarkable, but with the widespread use, the demand for lower prices of liquid crystal display elements has become increasingly severe. In order to meet this requirement, Japanese Patent No. 3210109 discloses the above-described reduced pressure injection method (
Instead of the vacuum injection method), a drop injection method has been proposed for the purpose of shortening the injection process. However, in this case, the thermosetting type cannot be used as the sealing material, and only the ultraviolet curable type can be used.

On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display element, as disclosed in the above Patent Documents 1 to 4, the black matrix is provided so as to surround each pixel electrode so that the outline of each pixel is clarified and the contrast is improved. A black matrix is also formed in the peripheral area of the substrate of the liquid crystal display element on which the frame-shaped sealing material is arranged, and the light from the backlight passes through the sealing material on the peripheral edge of the substrate of the liquid crystal display element. Preventing leakage to the display surface side is also performed. When light leakage occurs, the display contrast is lowered at the periphery of the display surface, and the display quality is remarkably deteriorated. In particular, when displaying bright characters, graphics, etc. on a dark display surface, it is greatly affected by this light leakage, which is a problem.

However, if a black matrix is also formed in the peripheral region of the substrate of the liquid crystal display element in which the frame-shaped sealing material is arranged in this way, the ultraviolet curable sealing material used in the above-described dripping injection method can be used. There was a risk that the irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays was insufficient, the curing was not performed sufficiently, and the reliability of the liquid crystal display element was greatly lowered.

The object of the present invention is not accompanied by a decrease in display quality and a decrease in the reliability of the liquid crystal display element.
An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element capable of adopting a dropping injection method that enables shortening of the manufacturing process for liquid crystal encapsulation.

The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

The outline of typical inventions among inventions disclosed in this document will be described as follows.

(1) A transparent first substrate and a first substrate facing the transparent first substrate with a predetermined distance therebetween.
A frame-shaped seal material sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal composition sealed inside the frame-shaped seal material And a plurality of electrodes provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a plurality of electrodes formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the liquid crystal display element comprising: a display pixel; and a black matrix made of a light-shielding material that defines a contour of each of the plurality of display pixels and surrounds a display region made of the plurality of display pixels. A liquid crystal display element, wherein an overlap width of the frame-shaped sealing material and the black matrix is 0.2 mm or less at a peripheral edge along the region.

(2) In the liquid crystal display element of (1), the optical density before curing of the ultraviolet curable material forming the frame-shaped sealing material is 2 or more.

(3) In the liquid crystal display element of (2), an optical density before curing of the ultraviolet curable material forming the frame-shaped sealing material is 4 or less.

(4) A transparent first substrate and a first substrate facing the transparent first substrate with a predetermined distance therebetween.
A frame-shaped seal material sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a liquid crystal composition sealed inside the frame-shaped seal material And a plurality of electrodes provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a plurality of electrodes formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the liquid crystal display element comprising: a display pixel; and a black matrix made of a light-shielding material that defines a contour of each of the plurality of display pixels and surrounds a display region made of the plurality of display pixels. A liquid crystal display element, wherein a region of the matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material is patterned to include a light transmission portion.

(5) In the liquid crystal display element of (4), a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms a lattice pattern extending in the horizontal and vertical directions. .

(6) In the liquid crystal display element of (4), a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms a lattice pattern that is inclined from horizontal and vertical directions.

(7) In the liquid crystal display element of (4), a region overlapping the frame-shaped sealing material of the black matrix forms a stripe pattern.

(8) In the liquid crystal display element according to (4), a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms an opening pattern.

(9) In the liquid crystal display element according to (4), the region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms an island pattern.

(10) In the liquid crystal display element of (4), a region overlapping the frame-shaped sealing material of the black matrix forms a wedge-shaped pattern.

According to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the injection process for liquid crystal encapsulation in a cell formed by a pair of opposing substrates and a frame-shaped sealing material sandwiched between peripheral edges of the pair of substrates. The dropping injection method can be adopted, and the display quality and the reliability of the liquid crystal display element can be secured.

It is a perspective view for demonstrating dripping of the liquid crystal enclosed in the liquid crystal display element which uses a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the liquid crystal sealed was dripped on the back substrate in the creation process of the liquid crystal display element which uses a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a back substrate and a front substrate sandwiching liquid crystal to be sealed are pressed and face each other at a predetermined interval in a liquid crystal display element manufacturing process using a frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material. . It is sectional drawing explaining the process of irradiating an ultraviolet-ray and hardening a sealing material, and adhering a front substrate and a back substrate in the creation process of the liquid crystal display element using a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material. 1 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element of FIG. 3a along line IIIb-IIIb. In the liquid crystal display element by the 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of a liquid crystal display element at the time of forming a grid | lattice-like pattern in the black matrix peripheral part which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material. In the liquid crystal display element by the 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of the liquid crystal display element at the time of forming the peripheral part of the black matrix which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material in a diagonal lattice pattern. is there. In the liquid crystal display element by the 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of the liquid crystal display element when the peripheral part of the black matrix which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material is formed in a stripe pattern. In the liquid crystal display element by 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of the liquid crystal display element at the time of forming the peripheral part of the black matrix which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material in a circular opening pattern. . In the liquid crystal display element by 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of the liquid crystal display element at the time of forming the peripheral part of the black matrix which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material in an island-like pattern. . In the liquid crystal display element by 2nd Example of this invention, it is a principal part top view of the liquid crystal display element at the time of forming the peripheral part of the black matrix which overlaps with a frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material in a wedge-shaped pattern. .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings for explaining the embodiments, parts having the same function are given the same reference numerals, and repeated explanation thereof is omitted.

In the drawings attached to this specification, for the sake of simplicity, the illustration of elements such as a substrate, electrodes formed on the substrate, electronic elements, electrical wiring, and external lead electrode terminals from them is omitted and clearly shown. For the sake of simplicity, each element in the drawing may be exaggerated and drawn using a scale ratio different from that of an actual display element or device.

Prior to the description of the embodiments according to the present invention, a method of enclosing liquid crystal in a liquid crystal display element using an ultraviolet curable sealant by using a drop injection method is described in Japanese Patent No. 3210109.
Following is a brief explanation following the gazette. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a single substrate 10 for producing nine liquid crystal display elements for small portable devices such as mobile phones. A frame-shaped sealing material 20 is formed on the substrate 10. In practice, a plurality of pixel electrodes, switching elements provided for each pixel electrode, wirings electrically coupled to these, and liquid crystal molecules are aligned inside each frame-shaped sealing material 20. An alignment film for the purpose is provided, but the illustration is omitted for simplification. The liquid crystal 30 is dropped inside the frame-shaped sealing material 20 using a dispenser 50.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIa-IIa for one of the frame-shaped sealing materials 20 in FIG. Taking the part of this single sealing material 20 as an example, the assembly process of one liquid crystal display element will be described below. FIG. 2b shows the sealing material 20 of FIG. 2a and the liquid crystal 3 inside it.
After the other substrate 40 is superimposed on 0, the substrates 10 and 40 are pressurized so that the substrate 10 and the substrate 40 face each other at a predetermined interval (for this purpose, a spacer or the like is used, but not shown). FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 2 c, the sealing material 20 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the sealing material 20 and fix the substrate 10 and the substrate 40 together.

3a is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 3a taken along line IIIb-IIIb. A method of encapsulating liquid crystal by the dropping injection method will be described using the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2a to 2b corresponding to the cross-sectional view along line IIa-IIa for one of the frame-shaped sealing materials 20 in FIG. However, the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3b corresponds to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2c.

3a and 3b, reference numeral 110 denotes a back substrate of the liquid crystal element, 140 denotes a front substrate of the liquid crystal element, 130 denotes a liquid crystal composition, 120 denotes a frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealant, and 150 defines a pixel outline. Black matrixes PR, PG, and PB provided with a large number of openings indicate red primary, green primary, and blue primary color display pixels provided in the openings of the black matrix 150.
3a and 3b, for the sake of simplicity, a pixel electrode formed on the substrate, a switching element provided corresponding to each pixel electrode, an electrical wiring, and an external extraction electrode terminal therefrom,
Illustration of elements such as the three primary color filters is omitted.

In this embodiment, the peripheral edge of the black matrix 150 does not overlap the frame-shaped UV curable seal material 120, and the outer edge 150E of the black matrix 150 simply contacts the frame-shaped UV curable seal inner edge 120E. It is formed in a size that is only (tangent). Therefore, inside the frame-shaped sealing material 120 between the back substrate 110 and the front substrate 140,
After injecting the liquid crystal composition 130 by the dropping injection method, as described with reference to FIG. 2c, as shown in FIG. 3b, in order to cure the frame-shaped UV curable seal 120, a frame-shaped UV curable seal is used. When 120 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the ultraviolet rays can reach the ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 without being obstructed by the black matrix 150, and therefore the ultraviolet curable seal 1.
20 is sufficiently cured, and a highly reliable liquid crystal display element is obtained.

In the above description, the outer edge 150E of the black matrix 150 has been described as simply tangent to the inner edge 120E of the frame-shaped UV curable sealant 120, but the width W ( 3a and 3b) is usually about 1 mm, the overlap width of the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 and the black matrix 150 is 0.
2 mm or less is acceptable. The relationship when this overlap exists is shown by a thick broken line in the enlarged view of part A in FIG. 3b. That is, as shown, the black matrix 150
The outer edge of 150 is between the ultraviolet curable sealant 120 and the front substrate 140 of the liquid crystal display element.
It becomes the structure which penetrates to the position shown by EX.

  Here, the following are proposed as the ultraviolet curable sealing material.

80 parts by weight of epoxy acrylate of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 20 parts by weight of RE203 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd .; epoxy equivalent 233 g / eq, ethylene oxide-added bisphenol S type epoxy resin) as an epoxy resin, radical-generating photopolymerization initiator 3,6-bis (2-methyl-2-morpholinopropionyl) -9-n-octylcarbazole (manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd., Adekaoptomer N-1414), boric acid ester 2,2- 0.5 parts by weight of oxybis (5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane), P
N-80 (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., phenol novolac resin) 0.5 parts by weight, aminosilane coupling agent (N-β (aminoethyl) γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, Shin-Etsu Silicone, KBM-603) 1 .3 parts by weight were heated and dissolved at 90 ° C. to obtain a resin solution. After cooling to room temperature, isophthalic acid dihydrazide (trade name IDH-S; finely pulverized jet mill pulverized grade made by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd., melting point 224 ° C., active hydrogen equivalent 48.5 g / eq, average particle size 1.7 μm, maximum particle size 7 μm) 10 parts by weight, alumina (CAI Kasei Co., Ltd., SPC-Al, average particle size 1.0 μm) 13 parts by weight, rubber (Kureha Chemical Industries, Paraloid EXL-2655), 3.9 parts by weight) (average particle size 0.2 μm)
A UV sealant obtained by dispersing and kneading with a mill seems to be effective.

As a method for forming the black matrix 150, for example, an organic resin such as acrylic, epoxy, or polyimide resin containing carbon black or a black organic pigment is applied in a pattern on the transparent glass substrate 140. There is a way to do it.

Next, the optical characteristics required for the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 are studied. In this embodiment, a frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 and a black matrix 15 are used.
If the overlap width of 0 is 0.2 mm or less, it is acceptable. Therefore, the ultraviolet curable sealant 120 also has optical characteristics equivalent to the black matrix 150, for example, optical density O
It is preferable that D (optical density) ≧ 2.0 is satisfied. However, when the optical density OD is excessively large, there is a problem that the ultraviolet curable sealing material is not cured. The value of the optical density OD required for the ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 depends on the distance CG (see FIG. 3b) between the back substrate 110 and the front substrate 140, but the following values are considered preferable. .

Inter-substrate spacing CG (μm) Required optical density OD
4 2-3
3 2-3.5
2 2-4
As an example of a method for adjusting the optical density, there is a method of adding a titanium black pigment to an ultraviolet curable sealing material. This titanium black pigment is described in detail in JP-A No. 58-180413.

In the first embodiment, the outer edge 150E of the black matrix 150 is simply tangent to the inner edge 120E of the frame-shaped UV curable sealing material 120, or the frame-shaped UV curable sealing material 120 and the black matrix 150 are The overlap width was 0.2 mm or less. In the first embodiment, in order to provide the ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 with optical characteristics equivalent to the black matrix 150, for example, an optical density OD (optical dens) is used.
ity) needs to be considered. In this embodiment, in order to relax conditions such as optical density OD (optical density) required for the ultraviolet curable sealing material 120, the peripheral portions of the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 and the black matrix 150 are positively provided. However, the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 can be sufficiently cured with ultraviolet rays.

That is, in this embodiment, the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 is overlapped with the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 to reduce the amount of light transmitted through the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material. In order to secure the amount of ultraviolet rays necessary for curing the ultraviolet curable sealing material 120, an opening, a slit, or the like is provided in the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120. The peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 that overlaps the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed by a collection of black matrix pieces that are discrete in an island shape.

FIG. 4A is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element in the case where the periphery of the black matrix 150 that overlaps the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed in the grid pattern 150P.

FIG. 4B is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element in the case where the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed in the oblique lattice pattern 150P.

FIG. 4C is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element when the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed in the stripe pattern 150P.

FIG. 4D is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element in the case where the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed in the circular opening pattern 150P.

FIG. 4E is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element in the case where the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped UV curable sealing material 120 is formed in the island pattern 150P.

FIG. 4F is a top view of the main part of the liquid crystal display element in the case where the peripheral portion of the black matrix 150 overlapping the frame-shaped ultraviolet curable sealing material 120 is formed in the wedge-shaped pattern 150P.

4A to 4F, reference numeral 110 is a rear substrate, 140 is a front substrate, PR,
PG and PB indicate red primary color, green primary color, and blue primary color display pixels, respectively.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Board | substrate, 20 ... Frame-shaped sealing material, 30 ... Liquid crystal, 40 ... Board | substrate, 50 ... Dispenser,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 ... Back substrate, 120 ... Frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material, 120E ... Inner edge of frame-shaped ultraviolet curing sealing material, 130 ... Liquid crystal composition, 140 ... Front substrate, 150 ... Black matrix, 150E ... Black matrix 150P ... black matrix pattern, PR ... red primary color display pixel, PG ... green primary color display pixel, PB ... blue primary color display pixel.

Claims (7)

A transparent first substrate;
A second substrate facing the transparent first substrate with a predetermined interval;
A frame-shaped sealing material made of an ultraviolet curable material and sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate;
A liquid crystal composition sealed inside the frame-shaped sealing material;
A plurality of display pixels formed between the first substrate and the second substrate by a plurality of electrodes provided on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate; ,
In a liquid crystal display element comprising a black matrix made of a light-shielding material and defining a contour of each of the plurality of display pixels, and surrounding a display region made of the plurality of display pixels,
The liquid crystal display element, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material is patterned to include a light transmission portion. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms a lattice pattern extending in the horizontal and vertical directions. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms a lattice pattern inclined from horizontal and vertical directions. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms a stripe pattern. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms an opening pattern. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region of the black matrix that overlaps the frame-shaped sealing material forms an island pattern. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a region overlapping the frame-shaped sealing material of the black matrix forms a wedge-shaped pattern.

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