JP2011115690A - Method and apparatus for dewatering and reducing volume of bagged sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain vacuum consolidation effect by reducing the pressure inside a bag filled with sludge to negative pressure in a state where the bag is exposed to the atmosphere. <P>SOLUTION: Sucking force is applied to a drain board 2 disposed so as to be laid under the water permeable bag 1 filled with sludge, whereby the moisture of the sludge in the bag 1 is sucked through the drain board 2 in a state where outside air can enter into the bag 1. In addition to the self-weight consolidation effect of the bag 1 containing the sludge, the vacuum consolidation effect due to a pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and a pressure inside the bag 1 can be obtained, whereby the sludge in the bag 1 can be dewatered in a short time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for vacuum dehydrating sludge with a high water content packed in a bag to reduce the volume.

  Conventionally, as a method for dehydrating and reducing construction sludge discharged by excavation of the ground and dredged soil dredged in rivers, lakes, and oceans (hereinafter simply referred to as “sludge”), a water-permeable bag There is known a method of dehydrating and reducing the volume of bags by self-weight compaction, in which the body is filled with sludge and left for a certain period of time.

In addition to the self-weight consolidation effect, a bag-packing vacuum dehydration volume reduction method has been proposed in which the bag body is negatively pressured to obtain a vacuum consolidation effect by utilizing the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the bag body.
In the vacuum dehydration and volume reduction method, a drain board is disposed in the bag together with sludge, a suction pipe is connected to the drain board, the bag body is evacuated to a negative pressure, and the following Patent Document 1 A method has been proposed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the method of Patent Document 1 stacks bags (1) filled with sludge, interposes a drain board (2) between the bags (1) and (1) that overlap vertically, Cover the crest of 1) with an airtight sheet (4) and shut it off from the atmosphere. Insert the suction pipe (31) connected to the vacuum pump (33) into the airtight sheet and deaerate the inside of the airtight sheet to create a negative pressure. To do.

JP 52-98271 A

In the former case of the vacuum dehydration and volume reduction method, it takes time and labor to set the drain board in the bag and to attach / detach the suction pipe to / from the drain board, and there is a great problem in workability.
Further, in the latter method of Patent Document 1, a large airtight sheet (4) corresponding to the pile of the bag body (1) is required. Moreover, since the mountain of the bag body (1) is blocked from the atmosphere, the outside air passes through the bag body to dry the sludge, and the moisture in the bag body (1) evaporates and is released to the atmosphere. The transpiration effect could not be expected, and dehydration and volume reduction could not be achieved enough to satisfy.

  In the present invention, the bag body filled with sludge is exposed to the atmosphere, and the bag body is subjected to a negative pressure so that a vacuum consolidation effect can be obtained. The method of dewatering and reducing sludge is clarified.

  The method for dewatering and reducing bag-packed sludge according to claim 1 applies a suction force to a drain board (2) arranged underlay on a water-permeable bag body (1) filled with sludge. In a state where the outside air can enter the body (1), the sludge is dehydrated and reduced in volume by sucking the moisture of the sludge in the bag body (1) through the drain board (2).

  Claim 2 is the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 1, wherein a power suction device (3) is connected to one end of the drain board (2) to exert a forced suction force on the drain board (2). Let

  Claim 3 is the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the suction pipe (31) connected to one end of the drain board (2) is placed from the mounting surface of the bag body (1). The drain board (2) is made to open, and a suction force is applied to the drain board (2) by continuously draining water from the sludge through the suction pipe (31) in a state where the drain board (2) is filled.

  Claim 4 is the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bags (1) are stacked in a plurality of stages, and the bags (1) (1) are stacked one above the other. A drain board (2) is interposed between them to apply a suction force to each drain board (2).

  Claim 5 is the dewatering and volume-reducing method for bagging sludge according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the drain board (2) includes its outer peripheral end face by the bag body (1) filled with sludge and inflated. And is completely hidden.

  Claim 6 is the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drain board (2) is constituted by a plurality of side-by-side strip drain boards (2a) (2a). ing.

  Claim 7 is a dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bag (1) which is in the process of being dewatered and whose thickness is reduced by reducing the water content of the sludge is folded, and the bag is in a folded state. Dehydration is performed on (1).

  Claim 8 is the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claims 1 to 7, wherein the bag body (1) is provided with positioning means (12) for the drain board (2).

The ninth aspect of the present invention provides a plurality of bags (1), (1) which are filled with sludge and are expanded and stacked one above the other, and a drain disposed between the lower surface of the lowermost bag and the overlapping surfaces of the bags. Board (2),
It consists of a suction pipe (31) that connects to the end of each drain board (2) and applies a suction force to the drain board.
A dewatering and volume reducing device for bagging sludge in which the upper surface of the uppermost bag body (1) and the side surfaces of each bag body are exposed to the outside air and allow the outside air to pass through the bag body (1).

In the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 1, when suction force is applied to the drain board (2), the inside of the bag body (1) in contact with the drain board (2) is sucked and negative pressure is applied. Therefore, in addition to the self-weight consolidation effect of the bag body (1) containing sludge, a vacuum consolidation effect due to the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the bag body (1) can be obtained.
Furthermore, since the bag (1) is exposed to the atmosphere, when vacuum consolidation proceeds, outside air enters the bag (1) and is discharged through the drain board (2). That is, the outside air passes through the bag (1), and the sludge in the bag (1) is air-dried. Further, moisture evaporates from the surface of the bag (1) and is released to the atmosphere. A solar drying effect can also be expected by irradiating the bag (1) with sunlight. These dehydration actions are fruited, and the sludge can be dehydrated to below the plastic limit.

  According to the method for reducing the volume of dewatered bag sludge according to claim 2, since the suction force is forcibly applied to the drain board (2) by the power suction device (3), the time required to reach the desired dewatering rate can be shortened. .

  The dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 3 has an advantage that the power suction device (3) is not required.

  In the dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 4, since the weight of the upper-layer bag body (1) also acts on the lower-layer bag body (1), the self-weight consolidation effect is promoted, and the uppermost-stage bag body (1) In the bag body (1), since the surface area of the bag body (1) exposed to the atmosphere is increased, moisture transpiration becomes active, and the sun drying effect is further increased.

  The dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to claim 5 is that the drain board (2) itself is completely hidden behind the sludge-filled bag (1) and is not exposed to the atmosphere. It is not sucked into the board (2), and in the state where the vacuum compaction effect is acting on the sludge in the bag body, the negative pressure is surely acted on the bag body, and further the air drying effect is achieved. In this state, since the outside air always passes through the sludge in the bag body (1) and is guided to the drain board (2), the air drying effect on the sludge is not reduced.

  The dewatering and volume reduction method for bag-packed sludge according to claim 6 is the following: a plurality of side-by-side strip-like drainboards (2a) which are the underlay of the bag body (1) filled with sludge; When all or part of the strip-shaped drain board at the end is out of contact with the bag (1) and exposed to the atmosphere, the strip-shaped drain board can be removed from the row. And / or if the end side of some or all of the strip drain boards (2a) and (2a) is out of contact with the bag (1) and exposed to the atmosphere, cut the end side of the strip drain board. Thus, all the side-by-side belt-like drain boats (2a) can be completely hidden in the bag (1). For this reason, since all the belt-like drain boards (2a) can be inserted without projecting from the bag body (1) to the atmosphere, the air is directly sucked into the belt-like drain board (2) and the bag body (1 ) Can be prevented from being significantly reduced.

  The dewatering and volume reducing method for bagging sludge according to claim 7 is in a state where the bag body (1) which is in the process of dewatering and is thinned due to a decrease in water content of the sludge is folded and the bag body (1) is folded. Since the inside of the bag body (1) is sucked and dehydrated via the drain board (2), the work area of about 1/2 of the initial required work area can be completed by folding the bag body (1) in half. It is possible to perform the dehydration and volume reduction work efficiently by setting the next pile of bags in the empty space.

  The method for dewatering and reducing bagging sludge according to claim 8 includes positioning means (12) for the drain board (2) provided in the bag body (1), for example, a belt passing member (13) for the drain board, and the drain board. By providing the pocket for use, it becomes easy to arrange the drain board (2) at a predetermined position. Also, even if the bag body (1) is filled with sludge after the drain board is placed and the bag body (1) is deformed, the arrangement of the drain board (2) with respect to the bag body (1) will not change, so the performance of the drain board It does not decrease

The dewatering and volume reducing device for bagging sludge according to claim 9 is filled with sludge and expanded, and a plurality of bag bodies stacked vertically.
A drain board disposed between the lower surface of the lowermost bag body and the overlapping surface of each bag body;
A suction pipe is connected to the end of each drain board and applies a suction force to the drain board.

It is the schematic of the state which mounts an empty bag body on a drain board. It is the schematic of the state which mounted the drain board and the empty bag body on the bag body filled with sludge. It is the schematic which shows the piping of the suction pipe with respect to the pile of the bag body filled with sludge, and a drain board. It is a perspective view of a strip-shaped drain board and the head part of a suction pipe. It is explanatory drawing of the magnitude | size of the drain board with respect to the bag body filled with the empty bag body and sludge. It is a top view of the Example which comprised the drain board by the strip | belt-shaped drain board. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the other Example which produces suction | attraction force to a drain board by a water head difference. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the dehydration volume reduction method of the bagging sludge of a prior art example. It is a perspective view of the state which provided the positioning means of the drain board in the bag body.

[First embodiment]
In the first embodiment, a water-permeable bag body (1) filled with sludge, a drain board (2) laid under the bag body (1), and a suction pipe for applying a suction force to the drain board ( This was carried out using a dewatering and volume reducing device for bagging sludge consisting of 31).

The bag body (1) has a double structure of an inner bag and an outer bag, and the outer bag is formed by closing both ends of a water-permeable cylindrical fabric, and the inner bag is formed of a spunbond nonwoven fabric. ing.
The tubular fabric forming the outer bag is formed seamlessly, and is woven with, for example, wefts that are continuously folded in a spiral shape with respect to the warps made of polyester fibers. For this reason, the bag (1) has a high breaking stress.

The bag body (1) is provided with an openable and closable filling port (11) for sludge filling.
Even if the bag body (1) is inflated by pressurizing sludge with a pump, it does not break easily.
When sludge is filled in the bag body (1), the bag body swells in a substantially bowl shape, the outer periphery of the bag body (1) floats up from the grounding surface of the bag body (1), and the area where the bag body (1) actually contacts the grounding surface Becomes smaller.

The drain board (2) is a well-known one composed of a plate-like substrate (21) and a water-permeable sheet (24) adhered to both surfaces of the substrate (21).
On both surfaces of the base body (21), recesses (22) and protrusions (23) extending in the longitudinal direction of the base body (21) are alternately formed in the width direction, and each recess (22) (22) The opening is closed by the water-permeable sheets (24) and (24).
The drain board (2) is manufactured with a fixed width and wound and cut into a desired width and length for use. In the examples, a 4 mm thick drain board (2) manufactured by Nishikijo Rubber Co., Ltd. was used.
The shape and configuration of the drain board are not particularly limited as long as they have similar functions.

The size of the outline of the drain board (2) and the position where the drain board is to be laid out must be determined while paying attention to the following points.
When sludge is filled in the empty rectangular flat bag body (1), as described above, the bag body (1) expands and the outer peripheral portion rises from the ground contact surface of the bag body (1). As shown in FIG. 5, the actual grounding area (10a) with respect to the ground plane of the bag (1) at this time is compared with the projection area (10) with respect to the ground plane when the bag (1) is empty. Overall smaller.
The area of the actual ground contact area (10a) with respect to the ground contact surface of the bag body (1) varies depending on the sludge filling rate with respect to the capacity of the bag body (1).

If the drain board (2) laid under the bag body (1) protrudes into the gap generated by the bag body (1) expanding and floating, even if a suction force is applied to the drain board (2), Outside air is directly sucked into the drain board (2), and suction to the bag body (1) is significantly impaired.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the size of the outline (20) of the drain board (2) and the position of the drain board (2) are determined according to the actual grounding area (10a) with respect to the grounding surface of the sludge-filled bag (1) placed thereon. It is necessary to make it fit within. According to the experiment, the drain board (2) and the bag ((
It was confirmed that even if the centers of 1) were slightly shifted, it was possible to prevent the outside air from being directly sucked into the drain board (2), and the degree of vacuum reached −40 to −80 kPa.

The power suction device (3) includes a suction pipe (31) that is detachably connected to the drain board (2) and is connected to a vacuum pump (33) via a water trap (32).
The water trap (32) prevents the sucked sludge from flowing out to the vacuum pump (33).

  FIG. 4 shows the head portion (35) at the tip of the suction pipe (31), and the head portion (35) has an insertion port (36) into which the tip of the drain board (2) is fitted. The back of the insertion port communicates with the suction pipe (31).

Next, the procedure of the dewatering and volume reducing method for bagging sludge will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a drain boat is laid on the ground, and an empty bag (1) is placed on the drain boat with the center thereof substantially aligned with the center of the drain boat. Fit the head (35) of the suction pipe (31) into the end of the drain boat.
After filling the empty bag body (1) with sludge, the drain board (2) and the empty bag body (1) are placed thereon, and the head portion of the suction pipe (31) is placed on the drain board (2). Connect (35). Repeat the above steps as many times as necessary.
No drain boat is placed on the uppermost bag (1). Therefore, the upper surface of the uppermost bag body (1) and the side surfaces of the respective bag bodies are exposed to the outside air.
The above operation is also performed at a position adjacent to the horizontal direction, and a drain board (2) is interposed between the sludge-filled bag bodies (1) and (1) that overlap vertically to form a pile of sludge-filled bag bodies (1). To do.
A suction pipe (31) extending from each drain board (2) is connected to a vacuum pump (33) via a header pipe (34) and a water trap (32).

From the bag (1) containing sludge, the water squeezed by the self-weight consolidation effect passes through the water-permeable sheet (24) of the drain board (2) and flows into the ridges (22) and (22).
When the vacuum pump (33) is operated and suction force is applied to the drain board (2), the water in the ridges (22) and (22) of the drain board (2) is sucked, and in addition, the suction force is reduced to the bag. It also acts in the body (1) to make the bag body (1) have a negative pressure.
That is, the bag body (1) containing sludge can obtain the vacuum consolidation effect due to the pressure difference between the atmospheric pressure and the bag body (1) in addition to the self-weight consolidation effect.
The drain board (2) has water permeable surfaces on both upper and lower sides, and suction works on both sides, so suction force acts on the upper and lower bag bodies (1) and (1) of the drain boat (2). Sludge can be dehydrated.

  Furthermore, since the bag (1) is exposed to the atmosphere, when vacuum consolidation proceeds, outside air enters the bag (1) and is discharged through the drain board (2). That is, the outside air passes through the bag (1), and the sludge in the bag (1) is air-dried. Further, moisture evaporates from the surface of the bag body (1) and is released to the atmosphere. A solar drying effect can also be expected by irradiating the bag (1) with sunlight. These dehydration actions are fruited, and the sludge can be dehydrated to below the plastic limit.

FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which positioning means (12) for the drain board (2) is provided on the bag (1). The positioning means (12) corresponds to, for example, the correct placement position of the drain board (2) with respect to the bag body (1), and the belt passing member (13) for passing the drain board (2) is replaced with one drain board (2 ) Can be installed at multiple locations.
The positioning means (12) makes it easy to place the drain board (2) at a predetermined position. Even if the bag body (1) is filled with sludge after the placement and the bag body (1) is deformed, the drain board (2) Since the arrangement of the bag with respect to the bag body (1) is not changed, the performance of the drain board is not deteriorated.
Obviously, the pocket (1) can be provided with a pocket for inserting a drain board to serve as positioning means (12).
In addition, the drain board can be adhered and fixed to the bag body (1) for positioning. In this case, it is necessary to consider the bonding position and bonding range of the drain board so as not to deteriorate the performance of the drain board.

  In the above embodiment, an empty bag body (1) is placed on the drain board (2) and then sludge is filled into the bag body (1). However, the bag body (1) filled with sludge in advance is drained. Of course, it is possible to put it on the board (2).

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which the drain board (2) is constituted by a plurality of strip-like drain boats (2a) arranged side by side.
The plurality of strip-like drain boats (2a) are arranged so as not to protrude from the actual ground contact area (10a) with respect to the ground contact surface of the sludge filling bag body (1) shown in FIG.
In the above embodiment, all or a part of the strip-like drainboards at the end of the row-by-line row out of contact with the bag body (1) out of the plural strip-like strip-like drainboards (2a) are exposed to the atmosphere. In this case, the strip drain board can be removed from the row and / or the end side of the strip drain board (2a) (2a) is partly removed from contact with the bag (1) and exposed to the atmosphere. In this case, the end side of the belt-like drain board can be cut so that all the belt-like drain boats (2a) arranged side by side are completely hidden in the bag (1), and sucked by all the belt-like drain boards (2a). It is possible to prevent the air from being directly sucked into the belt-like drain board (2) and causing the suction force to the bag body (1) to be significantly reduced.

FIG. 7 is for applying a suction force to the drain board (2) using the hydraulic head pressure without using the power suction device (3) as in the first embodiment.
In the same manner as described above, the lowermost row is connected via the header pipe (34) in which the suction pipe (31) is connected to each drain boat in the mountain where the drain boat is interposed between the upper and lower sludge filling bag bodies (1). An opening (30) is formed at a position lower than the bag (1).
In the state where the water from the sludge in the bag body (1) is filled in the drain board (2), the drain board (2) is continuously drained to generate a suction force on the drain board (2). 1) It can contribute to dewatering sludge by making the inside negative pressure.

  Although it implemented with respect to the sludge in the said Example, it is possible to apply the same method also to highly water-containing things, such as food and fruit juice pomace.

  The above description is provided to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the claims or reducing the scope thereof. In addition, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

1 Bag body 2 Drain board 3 Power suction device
31 Suction pipe
33 Vacuum pump

Claims (9)

  With respect to the water-permeable bag filled with sludge, a suction force is applied to the drain board arranged under the bag, and the bag is exposed to the outside air so that the outside air can enter. A method for dewatering and reducing the volume of sludge in a bag, by sucking the sludge water in the bag through a drain board and dehydrating and reducing the volume of sludge.   The method for dewatering and reducing bag-packed sludge according to claim 1, wherein the suction force acting on the drain board is such that a force suction device is applied to the drain board by connecting a power suction device to one end of the drain board.   The suction force acting on the drain board is drained through the suction pipe while the tip of the suction pipe connected to one end of the drain board is opened to a position below the mounting surface of the bag body, and the water from the sludge is filled in the drain board. The method for dewatering and reducing the volume of bagged sludge according to claim 1, wherein a suction force is applied to the drain board by continuing to be performed.   The bag body is stacked in a plurality of stages, a drain board is interposed between the upper and lower overlapping bag bodies, and suction force is applied to each drain board. Tonification method.   The method for dewatering and reducing bag-packed sludge according to claim 1, wherein the drain board is interposed in a state where the drain board is completely hidden by the bag body filled with sludge and inflated.   The dewatering and volume reduction method for bagging sludge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the drain board is constituted by a plurality of side-by-side belt-like drain boards arranged on the lower surface of the bag body.   The method for dehydrating and reducing the volume of bag-packed sludge according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bag body that is in the process of dewatering and is thinned due to a decrease in water content of the sludge is folded, and the folded bag body is dewatered.   The method for dewatering and reducing bagging sludge according to claim 1, wherein the bag body is provided with positioning means for the drain board. A plurality of bags filled with sludge and expanded and stacked one above the other;
A drain board disposed between the lower surface of the lowermost bag body and the overlapping surface of each bag body;
It consists of a suction pipe that connects to the end of each drain board and applies a suction force to the drain board,
A dewatering and volume reduction device for bagging sludge in which the upper surface of the uppermost bag body and the side surfaces of each bag body are exposed to the outside air and allow the outside air to pass through the bag body.

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