JP2011112860A - Material and method for insulating sound using water-absorbing resin - Google Patents

Material and method for insulating sound using water-absorbing resin Download PDF

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JP2011112860A
JP2011112860A JP2009269032A JP2009269032A JP2011112860A JP 2011112860 A JP2011112860 A JP 2011112860A JP 2009269032 A JP2009269032 A JP 2009269032A JP 2009269032 A JP2009269032 A JP 2009269032A JP 2011112860 A JP2011112860 A JP 2011112860A
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water
sound
resin
absorbing
bag
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Masahiro Nojima
雅寛 野島
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Nihon Tokushu Toryo Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To develop a sound insulating material by which a sound insulating layer is intensively formed as required in arbitrary places of a sound absorbing layer without requiring fabrication equipment such as trim and press equipment, and which is light in weight as a whole, compared with a sound insulating material in which the sound insulating layer such as a rubber sheet is stacked to a conventional sound absorbing layer. <P>SOLUTION: In the sound insulating material comprising two layers of the sound absorbing layer and the sound insulating layer, a bag shape object including sound absorbing resin, or a mixed object of the sound absorbing resin, and sand and fine crushed stone, or cement, is stuck and stacked to an arbitrary part of the sound absorbing layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、吸水性樹脂を用いた防音材及びこの防音材を用いた防音方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a soundproofing material using a water absorbent resin and a soundproofing method using the soundproofing material.

自動車用防音材には、吸音材と遮音材とを積層させることにより、双方の特性を活かして防音性を高めているものがある。吸音材は、音の機械的エネルギーを熱エネルギーに変換してしまうことにより、防音効果を発揮するものであり、通気性を有する多孔質物質が代表例である。繊維原料による嵩高性のフェルトや、プラスチックフォーム材を例示できる。但し、こうした吸音材のみでは、吸音材を透過してしまう音を防音することはできないため、多くは遮音材を積層させ、吸音材を透過する音を遮音し、全体として防音効果を高めている。   Some sound-proofing materials for automobiles have a sound-absorbing material and a sound-insulating material that are laminated to enhance the sound-proofing properties by utilizing both characteristics. The sound-absorbing material exhibits a soundproofing effect by converting the mechanical energy of sound into heat energy, and a porous material having air permeability is a typical example. Examples include bulky felts made from fiber materials and plastic foam materials. However, with such a sound absorbing material alone, the sound that passes through the sound absorbing material cannot be soundproofed. Therefore, in many cases, the sound insulating material is laminated, and the sound transmitted through the sound absorbing material is insulated to improve the soundproofing effect as a whole. .

遮音材としては、ある程度以上の重量と比重を有する材料からなるシート状に成形されたものが多く使用されている。アスファルトやゴムを主原料として、充填材を混合し、シート状に成形し、必要に応じてトリムする。
しかし、こうした遮音材は、カレンダーロールにより均一な厚さのシート状に成形されるため、成形の過程において全面の厚さを変えることは可能であるが、1枚のシートのある部分だけの厚さを変えるということは不可能である。
こうした遮音シートにより部分的に厚さを変更するためには、必要な部分にシートを貼着積層する他はなく、加工の手間がかかる。
また、遮音シートを必要な形状にトリムするためには、トリム用の刃型とプレス機等が必要であるため、設備投資が嵩む。
As the sound insulating material, a material formed into a sheet shape made of a material having a certain weight and specific gravity is often used. Using asphalt and rubber as the main raw material, fillers are mixed, formed into a sheet, and trimmed as necessary.
However, since such a sound insulating material is formed into a sheet having a uniform thickness by a calender roll, the thickness of the entire surface can be changed in the forming process, but the thickness of only a certain part of one sheet is possible. It is impossible to change the height.
In order to partially change the thickness by such a sound insulating sheet, there is no other way than attaching and laminating the sheet to a necessary portion, and it takes time and effort for processing.
Further, in order to trim the sound insulation sheet into a necessary shape, a trim blade mold and a press machine are necessary, so that capital investment increases.

一方、特許文献1(特開平5−301326号)には、2枚の板紙の内面に、高吸水性樹脂を塗工した後、この塗工面の間にホットメルト接着剤層を介在させて2枚の板紙を互いに接着させた難燃性制振防音材が開示されている。この防音材は、高吸水性樹脂を難燃化の核として使用しており、高含有率の水分が、火災等による温度の上昇を防止し、難燃化を実現したものである。   On the other hand, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-301326), after coating a superabsorbent resin on the inner surface of two paperboards, a hot melt adhesive layer is interposed between the coated surfaces. A flame-retardant vibration-damping and sound-proofing material in which sheets of paperboard are bonded together is disclosed. This soundproofing material uses a highly water-absorbent resin as a flame retardant core, and a high content of moisture prevents the temperature from rising due to a fire or the like and realizes flame retardant.

また、特許文献2(特開2003−58169号)には、遮音性と吸音性とを両立する紙製の防音成形体が開示されている。該発明において、吸水性樹脂は、水を吸収した状態で、紙とともに水に分散され、この水溶液から水を除去することにより、紙繊維と水含有の吸水性樹脂の混合物が残留する。この混合物を成形することにより、含水成形体を作製している。更に、この成形体を加熱することにより、水を吸収した吸水性樹脂から水を蒸発させ、吸水性樹脂の体積を収縮させることで、収縮跡が大孔となる。該大孔により、通気量を増加させ、吸音性を高めている発明である。   Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-58169) discloses a paper soundproof molded body that achieves both sound insulation and sound absorption. In the present invention, the water-absorbing resin is dispersed in water together with paper in the state of absorbing water, and the water-absorbing resin mixture remains after removing water from the aqueous solution. A water-containing molded body is produced by molding this mixture. Furthermore, by heating this molded body, water is evaporated from the water-absorbing resin that has absorbed water, and the volume of the water-absorbing resin is contracted, so that the shrinkage marks become large holes. This large hole increases the air flow rate and enhances sound absorption.

特開平5−301326号公報JP-A-5-301326 特開2003−58169号公報JP 2003-58169 A

従来の遮音シートは、製造のためにカレンダーロール、裁断用トリム型及び裁断機などの多大な設備投資を必要とし、この遮音シートは均一な厚さを有するものであるから局所的重点的な遮音対策を実施するのには向いていない。   Conventional sound insulation sheets require a large investment in equipment such as a calender roll, a cutting trim mold, and a cutting machine for manufacturing, and since this sound insulation sheet has a uniform thickness, local sound insulation with local emphasis is required. It is not suitable for implementing measures.

また、吸水性樹脂を用いた防音材としては、その吸水性に着目した難燃化した防音材、吸水によって一時的に体積が膨張することを利用して孔を形成する防音成形体が開示されている。   In addition, as a soundproofing material using a water absorbent resin, a flameproofed soundproofing material that focuses on its water absorption, and a soundproofing molded body that forms holes by utilizing the fact that the volume temporarily expands due to water absorption are disclosed. ing.

そこで、吸音性能を有する吸音材の必要な箇所に、吸水性樹脂を使用して重量を付与し、局所的、重点的な遮音対策を実施することが可能な防音材や防音方法を開発することを課題とする。   Therefore, to develop a soundproofing material and a soundproofing method that can apply local and prioritized sound insulation measures by using a water-absorbing resin to give weight to the necessary parts of the sound-absorbing material with sound-absorbing performance. Is an issue.

本発明に使用することができる吸水性樹脂とは、樹脂本体質量に対して20倍以上の水分を吸収し、膨潤する高分子であり、(メタ)アクリル酸塩系、(メタ)アクリルアミド系、ビニルアルコール系、無水マレイン酸(塩)系等の単独、あるいは共重合体、(メタ)アクリルアミド−(メタ)アクリル酸塩共重合体、スルホン酸基含有(メタ)アクリル酸塩系単独あるいは共重合体、酢酸ビニル−無水マレイン酸共重合体、酢酸ビニル−アクリル酸エステル共重合体等、澱粉系あるいはセルロース系高分子、それらの部分架橋重合体やグラフト変性重合体等を例示することができる。   The water-absorbent resin that can be used in the present invention is a polymer that absorbs and swells 20 times or more of water relative to the mass of the resin body, and is a (meth) acrylate-based, (meth) acrylamide-based, Vinyl alcohol type, maleic anhydride (salt) type alone or copolymer, (meth) acrylamide- (meth) acrylate copolymer, sulfonic acid group-containing (meth) acrylate type alone or copolymer Examples thereof include a polymer, a vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymer, a vinyl acetate-acrylic acid ester copolymer, a starch-based or cellulose-based polymer, a partially crosslinked polymer thereof, a graft-modified polymer, and the like.

吸水性樹脂の水分吸収能力は、最低でも質量比20倍、現在では樹脂の改良開発により、その水分吸収能力は質量比1000倍にも達する樹脂が存在する。
上記の吸水性樹脂は、単独で用いることも可能であるが、砂、セメント、細かい砕石を混入、混在させることも可能である。吸水性樹脂とその他成分との混合割合は、吸水性樹脂の水分吸収能力が高い程、その他成分の割合を多く混入させることができるが、任意に定めることが可能である。
The water absorption capacity of the water-absorbent resin is at least 20 times the mass ratio. Currently, there are resins whose water absorption capacity reaches 1000 times the mass ratio due to improved development of the resin.
The above water-absorbing resin can be used alone, but it is also possible to mix and mix sand, cement and fine crushed stone. The mixing ratio of the water-absorbing resin and other components can be arbitrarily determined, although the higher the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing resin, the more other components can be mixed.

上記吸水性樹脂、若しくは吸水性樹脂と砂、セメント等との混合物を、適当な袋状物に充填されて用いられる。吸水性樹脂は後述するように吸水によって質量、容積を増大させるため、袋状物の内包量は、吸水による質量、容積の増大分を考慮したものとする必要があるが、袋状物の材質が伸びることにより吸水性樹脂の質量増大に伴い表面積が増加するのであれば、その限りではない。袋状物の材質は特に制限はなく、透水性の有無に関係なく使用できる。各種の合成樹脂フィルム、布、不織布等が例示できる。   The above water-absorbent resin or a mixture of the water-absorbent resin and sand, cement, or the like is used by being filled in a suitable bag-like material. As will be described later, since the water-absorbing resin increases its mass and volume by absorbing water, the amount of inclusion in the bag-like material needs to take into account the increase in mass and volume due to water absorption. If the surface area increases as the mass of the water-absorbent resin increases due to elongation of the water-absorbent resin, this is not the case. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the material of a bag-like thing, It can be used irrespective of the presence or absence of water permeability. Various synthetic resin films, cloths, nonwoven fabrics and the like can be exemplified.

吸水性樹脂、若しくは吸水性樹脂と砂等との混合物を内包した袋状物を、吸音材表面に貼付する。貼付する吸音材は、従来公知の吸音材であれば特に制限は無く、不織布、嵩高性フェルト材、各種の軟質樹脂フォーム材、硬質樹脂フォーム材、パンチングメタル、グラスウール等が例示できる。これらは予め必要形状に成形加工されていることが必要である。貼付する場所は、吸音材全体に均等に貼付しても差し支えないが、必要な箇所に重点的に貼付することが好ましい。貼付する方法は、貼付する吸音材の表面と袋状物とが密着できる方法であれば特に制限はなく、感圧式接着剤、ホットメルト式接着剤など、接着剤を用いる方法や、クリップ等で物理的に固定する方法も可能である。   A bag-like material containing a water-absorbing resin or a mixture of water-absorbing resin and sand or the like is attached to the surface of the sound absorbing material. The sound absorbing material to be attached is not particularly limited as long as it is a conventionally known sound absorbing material, and examples thereof include non-woven fabrics, bulky felt materials, various soft resin foam materials, hard resin foam materials, punching metal, and glass wool. These need to be molded into a required shape in advance. The place to be affixed may be evenly affixed to the entire sound-absorbing material, but it is preferable that the affixing is focused on the necessary part. The method of applying is not particularly limited as long as the surface of the sound absorbing material to be attached and the bag-like material can be in close contact with each other, such as a pressure-sensitive adhesive, a hot-melt adhesive, or a method using an adhesive or a clip. A physically fixed method is also possible.

袋状物に内包された吸水性樹脂、若しくは吸水性樹脂と砂、セメント等との混合物に、水を注入し、吸水させる。吸水量は、吸水性樹脂の吸水可能量や、防音材に必要な重量から決定される。袋状物の材質に透水性が無い場合には、注射針を穿刺し、注射器などによって水を注入する。   Water is injected into a water-absorbing resin contained in a bag-like material or a mixture of the water-absorbing resin and sand, cement, or the like to absorb the water. The amount of water absorption is determined from the water-absorbable amount of the water-absorbent resin and the weight required for the soundproofing material. If the material of the bag is not water permeable, puncture the injection needle and inject water with a syringe or the like.

袋状物の材質に透水性が有る場合には、吸音材に袋状物が貼付された防音材を、水槽に浸漬させて、水を袋状物内部へしみ込ませる方法を取ることができる。但し貼付されている吸音材に水を浸漬させたくない場合には、袋状物の材質に透水性が無い場合と同様に、注射器等の器具により水を注入する。   When the material of the bag-like material has water permeability, it is possible to take a method of immersing the soundproof material in which the bag-like material is attached to the sound absorbing material in a water tank so that water is soaked into the bag-like material. However, when it is not desired to immerse water in the sound-absorbing material that is affixed, water is injected by a device such as a syringe as in the case where the bag-shaped material is not water-permeable.

吸水した吸水性樹脂、若しくは吸水性樹脂と砂等との混合物は、吸音材の必要な箇所に重量が付与され、遮音層を形成する。セメントが混合されている場合には、水分の吸収により体積が膨張した高吸水性樹脂が、セメントにより硬化して、任意の形状に固化させることが可能である。   The water-absorbing resin that has absorbed water, or the mixture of the water-absorbing resin and sand or the like, is given a weight to a necessary portion of the sound-absorbing material to form a sound insulating layer. When cement is mixed, the superabsorbent resin whose volume is expanded by absorption of moisture can be hardened by the cement and solidified into an arbitrary shape.

本発明による吸水性樹脂、若しくは吸水性樹脂と砂等との混合物を内包した袋状物は、必要に応じて重量を付与して遮音層を形成することができるため、従来の均等な厚さの遮音シートの如く、全面の遮音対策になることなく、無駄が発生しない。かつ、遮音シートのゴム、アスファルト、充填材等の原材料を混合分散するためのミキサー等の攪拌、混練機、混合分散された原材料をシート化するためのカレンダーロール、シート状となった遮音シートを必要な形状にトリムするための金型やプレス機といった諸々の設備を必要としない。
高い吸水性を有する樹脂であれば、僅かの樹脂によって多くの水分を吸収し、重量付与を行なうことができる。仮に体積比において1000倍の吸水性を有する樹脂であれば、最大限の吸水をさせることによって、1gの樹脂が最大1kgの重量付与を行なうことが可能となる。これは、非常に低コストで重量付与による遮音層形成をすることができることを意味する。
また、吸水性樹脂にセメントを混合させた場合、まず吸水性樹脂が大量の水分を吸収し、しかして後、混合したセメントが硬化して、任意の形状に固化させることが可能となる。
The bag-like material containing the water-absorbent resin according to the present invention or a mixture of the water-absorbent resin and sand or the like can form a sound insulation layer by adding weight as necessary, so that the conventional uniform thickness can be obtained. Like the sound-insulating sheet, there is no waste, and no waste is generated. In addition, a mixer, etc. for mixing and dispersing raw materials such as rubber, asphalt, filler, etc. of the sound insulation sheet, a kneading machine, a calender roll for forming the mixed and dispersed raw material into a sheet, and a sheet-like sound insulation sheet Various facilities such as a mold and a press to trim to the required shape are not required.
If the resin has high water absorption, a small amount of resin can absorb a large amount of water and give weight. If the resin has a water absorption of 1000 times in volume ratio, 1 g of resin can give a maximum weight of 1 kg by maximizing water absorption. This means that a sound insulation layer can be formed by weight application at a very low cost.
Further, when cement is mixed with the water-absorbent resin, the water-absorbent resin first absorbs a large amount of water, and then the mixed cement is cured and can be solidified into an arbitrary shape.

本発明の実施例と比較例を以下に示す。
実施例及び比較例
吸水性樹脂として、ビニルアルコールを主成分とする吸水性樹脂を、ポリエステルによる袋状物に充填し、この袋状物を吸音層として20mm厚さの嵩高性フェルトに貼付した。袋状物の数箇所に注射器を用いて水を注入し、4kg/mの重量を付与する遮音層を形成し、これを防音材1とした。
同じ吸音層に、5kg/mのゴムシートを積層し、これを防音材2として、比較例とした。
防音材1及び防音材2を、それぞれに0.8mm鋼板に積層し、鋼板面に回転するローラーによって鉄球を打ちつけ、この時の振動音をマイクロフォンで測定し、周波数アナライザーによって各周波数における防音効果を測定したものが表1である。
Examples of the present invention and comparative examples are shown below.
Examples and Comparative Examples As a water-absorbing resin, a water-absorbing resin containing vinyl alcohol as a main component was filled in a bag-like material made of polyester, and this bag-like material was affixed to a bulky felt having a thickness of 20 mm as a sound-absorbing layer. Water was injected into several places of the bag using a syringe to form a sound insulation layer giving a weight of 4 kg / m 2 .
A rubber sheet of 5 kg / m 2 was laminated on the same sound-absorbing layer, and this was used as a soundproofing material 2 as a comparative example.
The soundproofing material 1 and the soundproofing material 2 are each laminated on a 0.8 mm steel plate, and an iron ball is struck by a rotating roller on the steel plate surface. The vibration sound at this time is measured with a microphone, and the soundproofing effect at each frequency is measured with a frequency analyzer. Table 1 shows the measured values.

表1に示す結果から、従来のゴムシートに比較して、単位面積あたり軽量な吸水性樹脂により形成された遮音層は、従来のゴムシートと比較しても、ほぼ全ての周波数領域において優れた防音効果を示すことが明らかとなった。
これは、従来のシート状の遮音層に比較して、高吸水性樹脂が水分を吸水したゲル状物は、これらを内包させる袋状物において、音エネルギーの入力に対して自由に動くことによる摩擦が発生し、機械エネルギーから熱エネルギーへの転換が増大されたものと推定される。
また、この結果より、吸水性樹脂を用いて形成する遮音層を必要に応じて吸音層の任意の場所に部分的に積層することにより、従来吸音層の全面にわたってゴムシート等の遮音層を積層していた防音材に比較して、更なる軽量化となり、かつ重点的な遮音対策を実施することが可能となる。
また、従来の遮音層形成材料に比べて、高い比率で水分を吸収することができる高吸水性樹脂を使用した場合、樹脂としては僅かの量の使用により、水分の吸収によって重量付与による遮音層が形成できるため、コスト的にも非常に安価で有利である。
From the results shown in Table 1, compared to the conventional rubber sheet, the sound insulating layer formed of a light-weight water-absorbent resin per unit area is superior in almost all frequency regions as compared to the conventional rubber sheet. It became clear that the soundproofing effect was shown.
This is because, compared with the conventional sheet-like sound insulation layer, the gel-like material in which the water-absorbing resin absorbs moisture freely moves in response to the input of sound energy in the bag-like material containing them. It is presumed that friction was generated and the conversion from mechanical energy to thermal energy was increased.
In addition, from this result, a sound insulation layer such as a rubber sheet is laminated over the entire surface of the conventional sound absorption layer by partially laminating a sound insulation layer formed using a water absorbent resin as needed at any location of the sound absorption layer. Compared to the soundproofing material that has been used, the weight can be further reduced, and it is possible to implement intensive sound insulation measures.
In addition, when using a highly water-absorbing resin capable of absorbing moisture at a high ratio compared to conventional sound insulation layer forming materials, the use of a small amount of resin as a resin makes it possible to provide a sound insulation layer by weight absorption by absorbing moisture. Can be formed, which is advantageous in terms of cost.

Claims (4)

吸音層と遮音層の2層からなる防音材において、吸水性樹脂を内包した袋状物を吸音層の任意の箇所に貼付積層することによって遮音層を形成してなることを特徴とする防音材。 A soundproofing material comprising two layers of a sound absorbing layer and a sound insulating layer, wherein the sound insulating layer is formed by laminating and laminating a bag-like material enclosing a water absorbing resin on an arbitrary portion of the sound absorbing layer. . 袋状物に、吸水性樹脂と砂または細かい砕石を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載された防音材。 The soundproof material according to claim 1, wherein the bag-like material includes a water-absorbing resin and sand or fine crushed stone. 袋状物に、セメント類を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載された防音材。 The soundproofing material according to claim 1, wherein the bag-like material includes cement. 請求項1乃至3に記載された防音材の袋状物に水を注入することにより、重量を付与し、遮音層を形成することを特徴とする防音方法。 A soundproofing method, comprising adding a weight to form a soundproof layer by injecting water into the bag-like material of the soundproofing material according to claim 1.
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CN102658683A (en) * 2012-04-26 2012-09-12 绍兴文理学院 Light flexible noise reduction non-woven composite material, preparation method and application
CN104496310A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Preparation method of metro rail acoustic board
CN104496312A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Production method of sound absorption plate for subway rail
CN104496311A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Preparation process of metro rail acoustic board
JP2019143311A (en) * 2018-02-16 2019-08-29 株式会社竹中工務店 Wooden floor structure

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102658683A (en) * 2012-04-26 2012-09-12 绍兴文理学院 Light flexible noise reduction non-woven composite material, preparation method and application
CN104496310A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Preparation method of metro rail acoustic board
CN104496312A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Production method of sound absorption plate for subway rail
CN104496311A (en) * 2014-12-13 2015-04-08 广西科技大学 Preparation process of metro rail acoustic board
JP2019143311A (en) * 2018-02-16 2019-08-29 株式会社竹中工務店 Wooden floor structure
JP7120701B2 (en) 2018-02-16 2022-08-17 株式会社竹中工務店 wooden floor structure

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