JP2011112034A - Combustion visualization engine and assembling method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion visualization engine capable of achieving high compression ratio of 20 or more in compression ratio without breaking a glass cylinder sleeve, extending operation time, and easily assembling without requiring special skill. <P>SOLUTION: A gasket member 45 formed with sheet metal material is compressed and interposed between a pressing surface 15b of a cylindrical cylinder sleeve 15 formed with glass material and a pressing surface 13a of a cylinder head member 13. The gasket member 45 is formed to have a flat base plate 45a annularly continuing along the shape of the pressing surface 15b and an embossed part 45b projecting from at least one surface side of the base plate 45a and annularly continuing along the shape of the pressing surface 15b. The embossed part 45b is formed by press-molding the sheet metal material forming the gasket member 45 and has a spring property in which the height dimension H becomes small when the gasket member 45 is compressed and interposed, and the height dimension H recovers again when the compression is released. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion visualization engine and a method for assembling the same, by forming a cylinder sleeve from a permeable material such as quartz glass so that the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve can be observed from the side.

  As this type of combustion visualization engine, for example, there is a combustion observation device disclosed in Patent Document 1. This combustion observation apparatus has a cylinder sleeve (cylindrical wall) formed of a permeable material such as quartz glass, and this cylinder sleeve is interposed between a cylinder head member and a lower fixing member (lower observation block). A piston made of a permeable material is also slidably inserted into the cylinder sleeve so that the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve can be seen from below the piston and from the side of the cylinder sleeve. It can be observed from both directions.

  Here, a gasket member made of a rubber-based or asbestos-based non-metallic material (not shown) is interposed between the upper and lower end surfaces of the cylinder sleeve and the cylinder head member and the lower fixing member. In addition, the increase in size when the cylinder sleeve thermally expands in the axial direction is absorbed to a certain extent, and damage to the very expensive cylinder sleeve is prevented.

JP 2006-233789 A

  The performance required for the gasket member is hermeticity, heat resistance, cushioning properties, etc., but it is difficult to satisfy all of them.

  That is, for example, when a rubber-based gasket member is used, airtightness up to a compression ratio of about 8 is ensured and a certain degree of cushioning is obtained, but there are difficulties in terms of heat resistance, and operation time is long. Then, the material deteriorates due to heat and easily causes blow-through, and the operation time is limited to within a few minutes.

  On the other hand, when an asbestos-based gasket member is used, it can withstand a high compression ratio of 10 or more and has good heat resistance, but because of its poor cushioning, the quartz sleeve made of quartz glass does not expand. If this happens, the increase in dimension cannot be absorbed and the cylinder sleeve may be damaged. Therefore, this also puts a limit on the operation time.

  Further, in the case of rubber-based or asbestos-based gasket members, the airtightness was insufficient to achieve a high compression specification with a compression ratio close to 20. Further, since the cylinder sleeve is easily damaged not only during operation but also during assembly of the combustion visualization engine, the assembly requires great care and requires a high level of skill.

  Furthermore, in the conventional combustion visualization engine, the piston ring that is attached to the piston and keeps the airtightness between the piston and the cylinder sleeve is formed of a metal material as in a general engine. There is a concern that the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve may be damaged by sliding the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve formed of a permeable material such as high speed at a high speed.

  In order to prevent the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve from being damaged by the metal piston ring, it is necessary to weaken the expansion force of the piston ring, but this makes it impossible to sufficiently seal the high pressure caused by combustion. Moreover, even if a combustion composition such as carbon produced by combustion adheres to the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve, it cannot be completely wiped off by the piston ring, and the visibility of the combustion state is reduced. there were.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and enables a high compression ratio of 20 or more to be achieved without damaging a cylinder sleeve made of a permeable material, and also lengthens the operation time. Combustion visualization that can be easily assembled without special skill and prevents damage to the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve made of a permeable material and deterioration of the visibility of the combustion state It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine and an assembly method thereof.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a cylindrical cylinder sleeve formed of a permeable material is airtightly pressure-bonded between a cylinder head member and a lower fixing member. In a combustion visualization engine in which a piston is slidably inserted into a cylinder bore formed in the cylinder bore so that the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve can be observed from the side of the cylinder sleeve, one pressure contact surface of the cylinder sleeve A gasket member made of a sheet metal material is interposed between the pressure contact surface of the cylinder head member and at least one of the other pressure contact surface of the cylinder sleeve and the pressure contact surface of the lower fixing member. The gasket member is an annular continuous flat along the shape of the crimping surface of the cylinder sleeve. A base plate and an embossed portion that protrudes from at least one surface side of the base plate and continues in an annular shape along the shape of the pressure-bonding surface are formed, and the embossed portion is made of a sheet metal material that forms the gasket member. It is formed integrally with the base plate by press molding, and has a spring property that the height dimension is reduced when the gasket member is compression-inserted, and the height dimension recovers again when the compression is released. Furthermore, when the gasket member is compression-inserted, the combustion visualization engine has a gap between the base plate and the pressure-bonding surface to which the embossed portion faces.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, when the gasket member is compression-inserted, the embossed portion first comes into line contact with the opposing pressure-bonding surface, and is then compressed. The combustion visualization engine has a cross-sectional shape that changes to surface contact as the time passes.

  In the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the configuration according to claim 1 or 2, the gasket member is formed into a wavy shape when viewed from the surface direction, and the wavy shape is flattened during the compression insertion, The combustion visualization engine has a spring property that recovers the wavy shape when the compression is released.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of any one of the first to third aspects, at least the outer peripheral surface of the piston ring that is mounted on the piston and maintains the airtightness between the piston and the cylinder bore is made of resin. A combustion visualization engine formed of a substance containing

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in assembling the combustion visualization engine according to the first to fourth aspects, the pressure contact surface of the cylinder sleeve and the pressure contact surface of the cylinder head member or the pressure contact surface of the lower fixing member The base plate and the embossed portion are opposed to each other while the embossed portion of the gasket member is brought into pressure contact with the opposed pressure-bonding surface when the gasket member is interposed and fastened to be bonded to each other. It is characterized in that it is an assembly method of a combustion visualization engine that is fastened so that a gap remains between the crimping surface.

  According to invention of Claim 1, the embossed part formed in the gasket member is compressed between the crimping surface of the cylinder sleeve and the crimping surface of the cylinder head member or the crimping surface of the lower fixing member, At the same time as the height is lowered, the embossed portion is bitten by the opposing crimping surface due to the spring property of the embossed portion, so that good airtightness can be obtained.

  In addition, there is a gap between the base plate and the pressure-bonding surface to which the embossed part faces when the gasket member is compression-inserted. This gap increases the dimension when the cylinder sleeve thermally expands in the axial direction. Minutes can be absorbed reliably and damage to the cylinder sleeve can be prevented.

  Furthermore, since the gasket member is made of a sheet metal material, the heat resistance is also good. Therefore, a high compression ratio of 20 or more can be realized using a glass cylinder sleeve, and the operation time can be extended.

  According to invention of Claim 2, the embossing part of a gasket member can be reliably made to bite to a crimping | compression-bonding surface, and favorable airtightness can be obtained.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the soft cushioning property is given to the entire gasket member, the cylinder sleeve collides with the cylinder head member or the lower fixing member at the time of assembly of the combustion visualization engine. The fear of breakage can be eliminated, and the assembly of the combustion visualization engine can be facilitated.

  According to the invention described in claim 4, by forming at least the outer peripheral surface of the piston ring with a substance containing resin, the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve formed of the permeable material is damaged, or the visibility of the combustion state is improved. It is possible to prevent the decrease.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, when the cylinder sleeve is fastened, the base plate of the gasket member and the embossed portion are brought into close contact with the opposing crimping surface due to the spring property of the embossed portion of the gasket member. The gap formed between the opposing crimping surfaces reliably absorbs the dimensional increase when the cylinder sleeve thermally expands in the axial direction, prevents damage to the cylinder sleeve, and does not require special skill and is easy A combustion visualization engine can be assembled.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the principal part of the combustion visualization engine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which follows the II-II line | wire of FIG. 1 which concerns on the embodiment. It is a top view of the gasket member which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a side view of the gasket member by the IV arrow of Drawing 3 concerning the embodiment. It is a side view of the gasket member by the arrow V of FIG. 3 concerning the embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gasket member which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. 3 concerning the embodiment. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the process in which the gasket member is compressed by enlarging the VII part of FIG. 1 which concerns on the embodiment, (A) is a figure which shows the state of compression initial stage, (B) is compression completion It is a figure which shows a state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another shape of an embossed part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another shape of an embossed part. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another shape of an embossed part. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which expanded the XI part of FIG. 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of a combustion visualization engine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  In the combustion visualization engine 1 of this embodiment, a cylinder head assembly portion (not shown) is removed from a practical single-cylinder four-cycle base engine 2, and a combustion visualization assembly 4 is replaced with an upper portion of the cylinder block 3. It is attached.

  The cylinder block 3 has a first piston 5 made of general-purpose aluminum slidably accommodated in the cylinder bore 3a, and the first piston 5 is connected to the crankshaft 7 via a connecting rod 6 so that power can be transmitted. Has been. A timing gear (not shown) is attached to the end of the crankshaft 7, and the timing gear rotates and drives a camshaft (not shown). A valve mechanism is driven by the rotation of the camshaft, and the intake valve of the combustion visualization assembly 4 An exhaust valve (not shown) is opened at a predetermined timing.

  The combustion visualization assembly 4 is mounted on the upper surface of a connecting base plate 10 that is directly attached to the upper surface of the cylinder block 3 with bolts 9, and a lower assembly 11 and an upper assembly 12 are placed and fixed in order on the upper surface of the upper assembly 12. Is provided with a cylinder head member 13 in which an ignition plug, a fuel injection device, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, a valve operating mechanism and the like (not shown) are incorporated.

  The upper assembly 12 has a cylinder sleeve 15 formed in a highly accurate cylindrical shape by a transparent material such as quartz glass, and a cylinder bore 15a is processed in the cylinder sleeve 15. The cylinder sleeve 15 is sandwiched between the cylinder head member 13 and the flat plate-like lower fixing member 17, and the periphery thereof is held by a sleeve housing 18 also shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sleeve housing 18 has a shape in which ribs 18b are integrally upright from four corners of a square plate-like housing base 18a, and the cylinder sleeve 15 is tightly held inside these four ribs 18b. The movement in the radial direction is restricted. Then, the lower ends of the four stud bolts 19 arranged so as to pass through the inside of each rib 18b are screwed to the lower fixing member 17 side, and a nut 20 is fastened to the upper end. The nut 20 is tightened. As a result, the cylinder head member 13, the cylinder sleeve 15, and the sleeve housing 18 are fastened to the lower fixing member 17 side.

  In this way, when the cylinder head member 13, the cylinder sleeve 15, and the sleeve housing 18 are fastened to the lower fixing member 17 side, the pressure contact surface 15b (upper end surface) of the cylinder sleeve 15 is the pressure contact surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13. The pressure contact surface 15c (lower end surface) of the cylinder sleeve 15 is pressure bonded to the pressure contact surface 17a (upper surface) of the lower fixing member 17. A gasket member 45, which will be described later, is interposed between the respective crimping surfaces 15b and 13a and 15c and 17a, so that a high airtight seal is achieved.

  On the other hand, in the lower assembly 11, a metal and cylindrical observation sleeve 25 is sandwiched between an upper plate 23 and a lower plate 24, and these three members 23, 24, 25 are axially connected by stud bolts or the like (not shown). It is the structure which was fastened and firmly integrated. A pair of observation windows 25a are formed in the observation sleeve 25 at opposite positions.

  The upper plate 23 of the lower assembly 11 is fastened to the lower surface of the lower fixing member 17 of the upper assembly 12 with a bolt or the like (not shown). At that time, positioning is accurately performed using the knock pin 27 so that the axial center of the cylinder bore 15a and the axial center of the observation sleeve 25 coincide with each other. Further, the lower plate 24 of the lower assembly 11 is fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 10 by a plurality of bolts 28. The stud bolt 19 that fastens the cylinder head member 13 to the lower fixing member 17 side is extended to pass through the lower fixing member 17, the upper plate 23, and the lower plate 24, and the upper assembly 12 and the lower assembly 11 are connected. The base plate 10 may be fastened together.

  A metal connection sleeve 30 is fixed to the upper part of the first piston 5, and a second piston 31 is fixed to the upper end of the connection sleeve 30. The second piston 31 has a substantially cylindrical piston outer peripheral member 31a formed of, for example, aluminum, and is formed inside the piston outer peripheral member 31a by a permeable material such as quartz glass like the cylinder sleeve 15. The piston top member 31b is fitted and fixed, and the piston outer peripheral member 31a is fastened to the upper end of the connecting sleeve 30 by a plurality of stud bolts 33 and nuts 34.

  The second piston 31 is closely and slidably inserted into the cylinder bore 15a of the cylinder sleeve 15, and three piston rings 35 fitted in an annular shape around the piston outer peripheral member 31a are radially arranged. It expands and is lightly pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore 15a, whereby the space between the second piston 31 and the cylinder bore 15a is hermetically sealed. The structure of the piston ring 35 will be described in detail later. The mortar-shaped recess 31c formed on the upper surface of the piston top member 31b forms a combustion chamber 36 together with the recess 13b on the lower surface of the cylinder head member 13.

  A pair of vertically long openings 30 a are formed in opposing positions on the peripheral surface of the connecting sleeve 30 so as to overlap two opposing observation windows 25 a of the observation sleeve 25. In addition, a mirror installation base 38 is fixed so as to straddle the lower edges of the two observation windows 25a, and an observation mirror 39 is installed on the upper surface of a portion where the mirror installation base 38 penetrates the inside of the connecting sleeve 30. The observation mirror 39 is installed at substantially the axial center position of the connecting sleeve 30 and can adjust the mirror angle thereof, and the internal image of the combustion chamber 36 transmitted through the transparent piston top member 31b of the second piston 31 downward. Is reflected in the horizontal direction.

  Further, outside the combustion visualization engine 1, first and second high-speed cameras 41 and 42 are arranged in a horizontal posture in order to photograph the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve 15. The first high-speed camera 41 is installed at a height near the upper portion of the cylinder sleeve 15, and the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve 15 is photographed from the side through the cylinder sleeve 15. The second high-speed camera 41 It is installed at the height of the observation mirror 39, and the combustion state is photographed from below through the observation mirror 39.

  When the crankshaft 7 rotates, the first piston 5 slides up and down in the cylinder bore 3a through the connecting rod 6, and the movement of the first piston 5 is transmitted to the second piston 31 through the connecting sleeve 30, The second piston 31 slides up and down in the cylinder bore 15a of the cylinder sleeve 15. At this time, since the opening 30a of the connecting sleeve 30 is vertically long, the connecting sleeve 30 does not contact the observation mirror 39.

  When the combustion visualization engine 1 is operated, the intake valve (not shown) is opened and the cylinder is opened as the second piston 31 descends from the top dead center position to the bottom dead center position (the state shown in FIG. 1) in the cylinder bore 15a. Air is sucked into the bore 15a, and at the same time, fuel is injected from a fuel injection device (not shown) to fill the cylinder bore 15a with the fuel mixture. This fuel mixture is compressed as the intake valve closes and the second piston 31 rises in the cylinder bore 15a from the bottom dead center position to the top dead center position, and the second piston 31 is compressed to the top dead center position (compression Immediately before reaching the top dead center), it is ignited by an ignition plug (not shown) to explode and expand, and the second piston 31 is pushed down to the bottom dead center position. This force pushes down the first piston 5 through the connecting sleeve 30, and the movement of the first piston 5 rotates the crankshaft 7 through the connecting rod 6 and becomes the output of the base engine 2. Thereafter, the exhaust valve (not shown) is opened and the second piston 31 is raised from the bottom dead center position to the top dead center position, and the exhaust gas after combustion is discharged from the exhaust valve.

  During the explosion and expansion strokes of the above fuel mixture, the combustion state inside the cylinder sleeve 15 is photographed from the side and below by the first and second high-speed cameras, so the behavior of the combustion flame is three-dimensional. And it can be accurately captured.

  As described above, between the upper crimping surface 15b of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the crimping surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13, and between the lower crimping surface 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the crimping surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17. As shown in FIG. 3, the interposed gasket member 45 is in the shape of a hollow disk having the same shape as the upper and lower pressure-bonding surfaces 15b and 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15, and the dimensions of the outer radius and the inner radius are respectively cylinders. The outer diameter of the sleeve 15 is the same as the inner radius. 4 is a side view of the gasket member 45 taken along the arrow IV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a side view of the gasket member 45 taken along the arrow V in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is a gasket member 45 taken along line VI-VI in FIG. FIG.

  The gasket member 45 is obtained by press-molding a sheet metal material made of, for example, SUS304 stainless steel and punching it into the above-described hollow disk shape. The gasket member 45 has an annular shape along the shape of the upper and lower pressure-bonding surfaces 15b and 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15. And a substantially flat base plate 45a, and an embossed portion 45b that protrudes from one surface side of the base plate 45a and continues in an annular shape along the shape of the crimping surfaces 15b and 15c.

  Further, the gasket member 45 is molded into a wavy shape with an amplitude W as seen in the surface direction (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The wave shape is not limited to the shallow concave shape as in the present embodiment, but may be an uneven shape (sine curve shape), a finer wave shape, or the like. For example, the upper gasket member 45 is incorporated in such a direction that its embossed portion 45b is in contact with the pressure-bonding surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13, and the lower gasket member 45 is formed with the embossed portion 45b being the pressure-bonding surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17. Incorporated in a direction that touches.

  As the cross-sectional shape of the embossed portion 45b, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6, for example, a mountain-shaped cross section in which two inclined surfaces 45c and 45d are abutted at a shallow angle to form an isosceles triangle having a height dimension H is preferable. . The gasket member 45 is located between the upper crimping surface 15b of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the crimping surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13, or between the lower crimping surface 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the crimping surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17. When the gasket member 45 is compressed between the three members 13, 15, and 17 by the fastening force from the cylinder head member 13 being interposed therebetween, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7 (B), the angled cross section of 45b first makes line contact with the opposing crimping surface 13a (17a) and then changes to surface contact as it is compressed.

  Further, the embossed portion 45b is removed from the base plate 45a when compressed from the state shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 (A) to the state shown in FIG. 7 (B) by the fastening force from the cylinder head member 13 side. The height dimension H becomes smaller, but when the compression is released, the height dimension H recovers again. That is, the height dimension H of the embossed portion 45b is set within the elastic range of the SUS304 stainless steel plate. If the height dimension H is too large, the embossed portion 45b cannot return to the original height even if the compression is released. The various conditions for setting the height dimension H depend on the plate thickness of the gasket member 45 and the shape of the embossed portion 45b, and thus are set as appropriate.

  Further, as described above, the gasket member 45 is formed into a wavy shape with an amplitude W as viewed in the plane direction. However, the gasket member 45 is incorporated into the combustion visualization engine 1 and the cylinder head member 13, the cylinder sleeve 15, and the lower portion. When compressed with the fixing member 17, the wavy shape is flattened, and when the compression is released, that is, when the combustion visualization engine 1 is disassembled, the wavy shape recovers. The size of the corrugated shape is also appropriately set in consideration of the elastic coefficient of the SUS304 stainless steel plate material, the thickness of the gasket member 45, the shape of the embossed portion 45b, and the like.

  When the combustion visualization engine 1 is assembled, the upper crimping surface 15b of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the crimping surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13 and the lower crimping surface 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the lower fixing member 17 are The nut 20 of the stud bolt 19 is fastened so that the gasket member 45 is interposed between the crimping surface 17a and the gasket bolt 45, respectively. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7B, the embossed portion 45b is not completely crushed and remains at a predetermined height, and the base plate 45a, the crimping surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13, and the lower fixing member 17 Fastening is performed so that a gap T remains between the crimping surface 17a. The size of the gap T is appropriately set according to the coefficient of thermal expansion, the size shape, and the like of the cylinder sleeve 15.

  In this embodiment, the gasket members 45 are provided on the crimp surfaces 15b and 15c on the upper and lower sides of the cylinder sleeve 15. For example, the gasket member 45 is provided on one of the crimp surfaces 15b and 15c, and the other is provided on the other. It is also conceivable to provide an existing gasket member 45, a seal member or the like that has been conventionally used.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 11, the piston ring 35 mounted on the second piston 31 has a laminated structure composed of two upper and lower ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b, and these ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b The expansion ring 35c is pressed from the inner peripheral side to be pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder sleeve 15. The joints (not shown) of the ring laminates 35a and 35b are arranged at positions shifted from each other by 180 ° in the circumferential direction. The number of layers of each piston ring 35 is not limited to two but may be three or more. C-chamfering is made at the outer peripheral corners of each of the ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b. For this reason, a V-shaped groove 35d having an inner angle of 90 ° is formed between the ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b.

  Since the cylinder sleeve 15 on which these piston rings 35 slide is formed of a glass material, at least the outer peripheral surfaces of the ring laminates 35a and 35b include a resin that is softer than the glass material and rich in slidability. It is desirable to form with a substance. In the present embodiment, the ring laminates 35a and 35b constituting the piston ring 35 are each a composite material in which a metal softer than a glass material is mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio based on a fluorocarbon resin (registered trademark: Teflon). Are integrally formed. The fluorocarbon resin is a substance having the smallest friction coefficient among substances discovered so far, and is softer than a glass material, and is therefore suitable as a material for the ring laminates 35a and 35b. It is also conceivable to coat only the outer peripheral portion of the ring laminate 35a, 35b with this material.

  The expansion ring 35c is an elastic metal band formed into an annular shape, an annular ring formed by deforming the metal band into a corrugated or spiral shape, or an elastic material having both cushioning properties and heat resistance. Many things, such as what was formed with material, can be considered. The repulsive force of the expansion ring 35c is such that the piston ring 35 (ring laminated body 35a, 35b) is pressed without damaging the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder sleeve 15, and a combustion composition such as carbon generated by combustion is generated. Even if it adheres to the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve 15, the surface pressure is such that it can be wiped clean with the piston ring 35.

  According to the combustion visualization engine 1 configured as described above, compression is performed between the upper and lower pressure bonding surfaces 15b and 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the pressure bonding surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13 and the pressure bonding surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17. The embossed portions 45b of the two gasket members 45 interposed are compressed between the crimping surfaces 15b and 13a and between the crimping surfaces 15c and 17a, respectively, so that the height dimension H decreases, and each embossed portion 45b has Due to the spring property, the ridgeline of each embossed portion 45b bites against the opposing crimping surfaces 13a, 17a, so that good airtightness is obtained.

  In addition, due to the spring property of the embossed portion 45b, when the cylinder sleeve 15 is fastened, the embossed portion 45b is brought into close contact with the opposed crimping surfaces 13a and 17a, and the crimped surfaces 13a and 17a with which the base plate 45a and the embossed portion 45b are opposed. A gap T is formed between the cylinder sleeve 15 and the dimension increase when the cylinder sleeve 15 is thermally expanded in the axial direction is reliably absorbed by the gap T, and damage to the very expensive cylinder sleeve 15 is surely prevented. be able to.

  Furthermore, since the gasket member 45 is made of a sheet metal material such as SUS304, the heat resistance is also good. Therefore, even when the glass cylinder sleeve 15 is used, a high compression ratio of 20 or more can be realized and the operation time can be extended.

  In addition, the embossed portion 45b of the gasket member 45 has a cross-sectional shape that first makes line contact with the pressure-bonding surfaces 13a and 17a with which the ridge portion faces, and then changes to surface contact as it is compressed. The embossed portion 45b can be surely bitten on the crimping surfaces 13a and 17a to obtain good airtightness.

  Further, the gasket member 45 is formed into a wavy shape with an amplitude W as viewed in the plane direction, the wavy shape is flattened when the gasket member 45 is compressed, and the wavy shape is restored when the compression is released. Therefore, a soft cushioning property is given to the entire gasket member 45, and this cushioning property allows the cylinder sleeve 15 to be connected to the cylinder head member 13 or the lower fixing member when the combustion visualization engine 1 is assembled. It is possible to eliminate the concern of being damaged by colliding with 17 and the like, and the assembly of the combustion visualization engine 1 can be facilitated.

  In addition, a gasket member 45 is interposed between the upper and lower pressure bonding surfaces 15b and 15c of the cylinder sleeve 15 and the pressure bonding surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13 and the pressure bonding surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17 so as to be bonded. In this case, the height H of the embossed portion 45b of the gasket member 45 remains, and a gap T remains between the base plate 45a and the crimping surface 13a of the cylinder head member 13 and the crimping surface 17a of the lower fixing member 17. Because of the assembly method for fastening, the embossed portion 45b has a spring property so that when the cylinder sleeve 15 is fastened, the embossed portion 45b is brought into close contact with the opposing crimping surfaces 13a and 17a, and the heat of the cylinder sleeve 15 is caused by the gap T. The expansion of the dimension in the axial direction during expansion is reliably absorbed, the cylinder sleeve 15 is prevented from being damaged, and the combustion visualization engine 1 can be easily used without requiring special skills. It is possible to make only.

  On the other hand, the ring laminates 35a and 35b constituting the piston ring 35 are made of a material containing a resin softer than the glass material of the cylinder sleeve 15, such as a fluorocarbon resin having a small friction coefficient, and a metal softer than the glass material. , The inner surface of the cylinder sleeve 15 can be prevented from being damaged by the sliding of the piston ring 35, and the heat resistance of the piston ring 35 can be greatly improved and the life can be extended.

  Moreover, even if a combustion composition such as carbon produced by combustion in the cylinder sleeve 15 adheres to the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve 15, this deposit is wiped cleanly by the piston ring 35, which is softer than the glass material. Therefore, there is no concern that the visibility of the combustion state from the side surface of the cylinder sleeve 15 is lowered.

  Further, the piston ring 35 is composed of a plurality of ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b, and C-chamfering is performed on the outer peripheral corners of the ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b, so that a V-shaped groove 35d is provided between the ring laminated bodies 35a and 35b. Therefore, the combustion composition adhering to the inner surface of the cylinder sleeve 15 can be wiped off very efficiently, and the wiped combustion composition is temporarily accumulated in the V-shaped groove 35d so that the cylinder sleeve can be used during operation. A transparency of 15 can be secured satisfactorily.

  In addition, the form of this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various design change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of the invention. For example, the longitudinal sectional shape of the embossed portion 45b of the gasket member 45 does not necessarily have to be a single chevron shape shown in FIG. 6, and a plurality of chevron shaped embossed portions 45e as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, semicircular embossed portions 45f may be provided, or as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of chevron shaped embossed portions 45g may be alternately provided on both surfaces of the base plate 45a. Further, the material of the gasket member 45 is not limited to SUS304, and other metal materials (titanium alloy or the like) may be used as long as they have heat resistance and spring property.

  Various changes can be made to the cross-sectional shape, number, and material of the piston ring 35. Furthermore, the configuration of the piston ring 35 in the present embodiment may be applied to a general engine piston ring, in particular, a top ring and a second ring that have compression sealability. In this case, the plurality of ring laminates constituting the piston ring are formed of metal instead of resin. According to this, while greatly reducing the friction caused by sliding of the piston ring, it is possible to improve the compression sealing property and to greatly contribute to the improvement of the engine efficiency and the low fuel consumption.

1 Combustion Visualization Engine 2 Base Engine 4 Combustion Visualization Assembly 5 First Piston 7 Crankshaft
13 Cylinder head material
13a Crimp surface of cylinder head member
15 cylinder sleeve
15b One crimping surface of the cylinder sleeve
15c The other crimp surface of the cylinder sleeve
17 Lower fixing member
17a Crimp surface of lower fixing member
30 Connection sleeve
31 Second piston
35 Piston ring
39 Observation mirror
41, 42 High-speed camera
45 Gasket material
45a Base part
45b Embossed part H Height dimension T Clearance W Waveform amplitude

Claims (5)

A cylindrical cylinder sleeve made of a permeable material is pressure-tightly pressed between the cylinder head member and the lower fixing member, and a piston is slidably inserted into the cylinder sleeve. In the combustion visualization engine in which the combustion state in can be observed from the side of the cylinder sleeve,
A sheet metal material is formed between at least one of the pressure contact surface of the cylinder sleeve and the pressure contact surface of the cylinder head member or between the other pressure contact surface of the cylinder sleeve and the pressure contact surface of the lower fixing member. The gasket member
The gasket member includes a flat base plate that continues in an annular shape along the crimping surface shape of the cylinder sleeve, and an embossed portion that protrudes from at least one surface side of the base plate and continues in an annular shape along the crimping surface shape. Is molded with
The embossed portion is formed integrally with the base plate by press-molding a sheet metal material forming the gasket member, and the height of the embossed portion is reduced when the gasket member is compressed, and the compression is released. Then, it has a spring property that the height dimension recovers again,
A combustion visualization engine characterized by having a gap between the base plate and the pressure-bonding surface to which the embossed part faces when the gasket member is compressed.   The embossed portion has a cross-sectional shape that first makes a line contact with an opposing pressure-bonding surface and then changes to a surface contact as the gasket member is compressed. 2. The combustion visualization engine according to 1.   The gasket member is molded into a corrugated shape when viewed from the surface, and has a spring property that the corrugated shape is flattened when the compression is interposed, and the corrugated shape recovers when the compression is released. The combustion visualization engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that.   4. At least an outer peripheral surface of a piston ring that is mounted on the piston and maintains an airtightness between the piston and the cylinder sleeve is formed of a material containing a resin. Combustion visualization engine.   5. When assembling the combustion visualization engine according to claim 1, the gasket member is interposed between the crimping surface of the cylinder sleeve and the crimping surface of the cylinder head member or the crimping surface of the lower fixing member. Then, when these are fastened so as to be pressure-bonded to each other, there is a gap between the base plate and the pressure-bonding surface to which the embossed portion faces, while the embossed portion of the gasket member is pressed against the pressure-bonding surface to face each other. A method for assembling a combustion visualization engine, wherein the assembly is performed so as to remain.

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