JP2011112029A - Cooling air generator for gas turbine, gas turbine plant, method of reconstructing existing gas turbine plant, and method of generating cooling air for gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling air generator for a gas turbine which generates cooling air by effectively cooling part of compressed air generated by a compressor, while preventing occurrence of droplets by humidification and cooling; a gas turbine plant, a method of reconstructing an existing gas turbine plant; and a method of generating the cooling air for the gas turbine. <P>SOLUTION: The cooling air generator 100 for the gas turbine includes: a moisture supply 102 for generating the cooling air A3 by supplying moisture to part of the compressed air A2; a temperature information acquisition tool 103 for acquiring temperature information about the temperature of the cooling air A3 after the moisture is supplied by the moisture supply 102; a pressure information acquisition tool 104 for acquiring pressure information about the vapor pressure of the cooling air A3 after the moisture is supplied by the moisture supply 102; and a control section 105 for controlling the drive of the moisture supply 102 based on the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquisition tool 103, and the pressure information acquired by the pressure information acquisition tool 104. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gas turbine cooling air generating device, a gas turbine plant, and an existing gas that cools compressed air generated by a compressor by extraction and generates cooling air for cooling a high-temperature portion in a gas turbine. The present invention relates to a turbine plant restructuring method and a gas turbine cooling air generation method.

  Conventionally, in a gas turbine mainly composed of a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine, members constituting each part such as a stationary blade, a moving blade, and a partition wall are exposed to the combustion gas inside the combustor and the turbine. A technique of cooling the member with cooling air is applied. Such cooling air is generated by extracting compressed air generated by the compressor from the intermediate stage of the compressor or the compressor outlet and cooling the compressed air.

  Here, humidification cooling is generally applied to cooling the compressed air (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Humidification cooling is performed by supplying moisture to compressed air and evaporating the moisture to remove latent heat. For this reason, the necessary power is minimal, and the amount of air extracted from the compressor can be reduced by reducing the amount of air in the cooling air with water vapor, which is efficient. In the method of Patent Document 1, the temperature of the cooling air is measured, and moisture is supplied when the measured temperature is a temperature sufficient to quickly evaporate the entire amount of supplied water. In the method of Patent Document 2, the temperature of the cooling air is adjusted by adjusting the amount of water supplied.

JP 59-160033 A JP 2004-162708 A

  However, in the method of Patent Document 1, when the pressure of the compressed air to be extracted is originally high, all of the supplied water cannot be evaporated even at the same temperature, and droplets are generated in the cooling air. There was a case. Further, even in the method of Patent Document 2, there are cases where droplets are generated even if the amount of moisture is increased in order to cool the cooling air to a target temperature. If droplets are generated in the cooling air in this way, when the member to be cooled is cooled with the cooling air, the droplets adhere to the target member and excessively remove the member. There was a problem of cooling. And when the member used as cooling object is restrained by other surrounding members, thermal stress will generate | occur | produce. Moreover, even if the member to be cooled is in a state of being separated from other peripheral members, thermal deformation becomes remarkable, and it becomes impossible to secure a necessary clearance from the other members. Furthermore, if a droplet adheres to a member to be cooled, it causes corrosion and erosion of the member.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor is effectively cooled while preventing droplets from being generated by humidification cooling, thereby cooling air. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine cooling air generation device, a gas turbine plant, a gas turbine plant reconstruction method, and a gas turbine cooling air generation method that can be generated.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The present invention is a gas turbine cooling air generation device that cools a part of compressed air generated by a compressor and generates cooling air for cooling a high-temperature portion in the gas turbine, Moisture supply means for supplying moisture to a part of the compressed air to generate cooling air, and temperature information acquisition for acquiring temperature information related to the temperature of the cooling air after the moisture is supplied by the moisture supply means Means, pressure information acquisition means for acquiring pressure information related to a water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air after water is supplied by the water supply means, the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquisition means, and And a control unit that controls driving of the moisture supply unit based on the pressure information acquired by the pressure information acquisition unit.

  Further, the present invention is a gas turbine cooling air generation method for generating a cooling air for cooling a part of compressed air generated by a compressor to cool a high temperature portion in the gas turbine. A moisture supply step for supplying moisture to a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor to generate cooling air, a temperature information acquisition step for acquiring the current temperature of the cooling air, and the current Moisture supplied in the moisture supply step based on the pressure information acquisition step for acquiring the water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air, the temperature acquired in the temperature information acquisition step, and the water vapor partial pressure acquired in the pressure information acquisition step And a moisture content determining step for determining the amount.

  According to this configuration and method, the current temperature and water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air can be acquired as the temperature information acquisition step and the pressure information step. For this reason, as the moisture content determination step, based on the acquired temperature and water vapor partial pressure, the moisture content to be supplied is determined within a range where the cooling air is saturated and droplets are not generated. Humidity cooling can be performed by supplying moisture in the process.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation apparatus, the control unit is set in advance and refers to a boundary line indicating a relationship between pressure and temperature obtained by offsetting the saturated water vapor curve by a predetermined amount. When the measurement point constituted by the current cooling air temperature and water vapor partial pressure is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the amount of moisture supplied by the moisture supply means can be reduced from the current amount of moisture. More preferred.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation method described above, refer to a boundary line that is set in advance in the moisture content determination step and indicates a relationship between pressure and temperature obtained by offsetting the saturated water vapor curve by a predetermined amount. When the measurement point constituted by the current temperature of the cooling air and the partial pressure of water vapor is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the amount of moisture supplied in the moisture supply step is decreased from the current amount of moisture. More preferably.

  According to this configuration and method, in the moisture content determination step, referring to the boundary line indicating the relationship between the pressure and temperature obtained by offsetting the saturated steam curve by a predetermined amount, the current temperature and steam content of the cooling air are referred to. When the measurement point configured with pressure is on the saturation side, that is, before the saturated state where droplets are generated, the water amount supplied in the water supply step is reduced from the current water amount, Generation of droplets can be reliably prevented.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation device, the control unit may further set a current temperature of the cooling air in advance when the measurement point is not on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line. When the current cooling air temperature is equal to or higher than the first threshold value by comparing with one threshold value, it is more preferable to increase the amount of water supplied by the moisture supply means from the current moisture amount. .

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation method described above, in the moisture content determination step, when the measurement point is not on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the current temperature of the cooling air is further set in advance. If the current temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, the amount of water supplied in the moisture supply step may be increased from the current amount of water. More preferred.

  According to this configuration and method, in the water content determination step, only when the measurement point is not on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, that is, even if water is further supplied, the liquid is saturated and no droplet is generated. Only in the case of the state, when the current temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, the amount of water supplied in the water supply step is increased from the current amount of water. For this reason, it is possible to cool the compressed air more effectively within a range where no droplets are generated, and to make the temperature of the cooling air be lower than the first threshold value. In addition, by giving priority to the prevention of droplet generation over making the temperature of the cooling air less than the first threshold, it is possible to reliably prevent the generation of droplets that lead to a greater malfunction than the temperature rise of the cooling air. can do.

  In the above-described gas turbine cooling air generator, the cooling means for cooling the compressed air by exchanging heat with the compressed air on the upstream side or downstream side of supplying moisture by the moisture supply means. When the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the control unit further compares the current cooling air temperature with a preset second threshold value, When the current temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the second threshold, it is more preferable to increase the heat exchange amount by the cooling means.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation method, a heat exchange cooling step of cooling the compressed air by performing heat exchange with the compressed air before or after supplying moisture in the moisture supplying step. In the moisture content determination step, when the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the current cooling air temperature is compared with a preset second threshold value, When the current temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the second threshold, it is more preferable to reduce the moisture content and increase the heat exchange amount in the heat exchange cooling step.

  According to this configuration and method, when the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line in the moisture amount determination step, that is, when moisture is further supplied, a saturated state occurs and droplets are generated. In a state where there is a fear, when the current temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the second threshold, the heat exchange amount when cooling by heat exchange is increased as the heat exchange cooling step. For this reason, the compressed air can be effectively cooled by heat exchange so as not to generate droplets, and the temperature of the cooling air can be less than the second threshold value. Further, when the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, it is possible to prevent the generation of liquid droplets by increasing the heat exchange amount and decreasing the water amount.

A gas turbine plant according to the present invention includes the above-described gas turbine cooling air generator and the gas turbine.

  According to this configuration, by providing the above-described gas turbine cooling air generation device, it is possible to generate cooling air without generating droplets and effectively cool the high temperature portion of the gas turbine. Can do. Moreover, since it can cool effectively, the amount of compressed air extracted from the compressor can be reduced, and the output and efficiency of the gas turbine can be increased.

  Moreover, the rebuilding method of the existing gas turbine plant of this invention constructs | assembles the gas turbine plant of Claim 5 by adding the said air generator for cooling the gas turbine with respect to the said existing gas turbine. It is characterized by doing.

  According to this method, the existing gas turbine can be effectively cooled only by additionally installing the above-described gas turbine cooling air generator. Moreover, since it can cool effectively, the amount of compressed air extracted from the compressor can be reduced, and the output and efficiency of the existing gas turbine can be increased.

According to the gas turbine cooling air generation device of the present invention, a portion of the compressed air generated by the compressor is effectively cooled to prevent generation of droplets by humidification and cooling to generate cooling air. be able to.
In addition, according to the cooling air generation method for a gas turbine of the present invention, a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor is effectively cooled while the droplets are prevented from being generated by humidification cooling. Can be generated.
Further, according to the gas turbine plant of the present invention, the high temperature portion can be effectively cooled by generating cooling air without generating droplets by the gas turbine cooling air generating device, and therefore The output and efficiency of the gas turbine can be increased.
Further, according to the gas turbine plant reconstructing method of the present invention, the high temperature portion can be effectively cooled by generating cooling air without generating droplets by the gas turbine cooling air generating device. Therefore, the output and efficiency of the existing gas turbine can be increased.

1 is an overall view of a gas turbine plant according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the gas turbine plant of 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is detail drawing which shows the detail of the extraction location of compressed air, and the supply location of the air for cooling. It is a graph which shows the boundary line referred in a control part in the air generating apparatus for gas turbine cooling of the 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control flow by a control part in the air generation apparatus for gas turbine cooling of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a general view of the gas turbine plant of the 1st modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is detail drawing of the gas turbine plant of the 2nd modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is detail drawing of the gas turbine plant of the 3rd modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is detail drawing of the gas turbine plant of the 4th modification of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a general view of the gas turbine plant of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control flow by a control part in the air generation apparatus for gas turbine cooling of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the detail of the cooling control of the cooling air by a control part in the air generating apparatus for gas turbines of the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a general view of the gas turbine plant of the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gas turbine plant according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a gas turbine plant 1 includes a gas turbine 2, a generator 3 connected to the gas turbine 2, and cooling air generation for a gas turbine that generates cooling air A <b> 3 used in the gas turbine 2. Device 100.

  The gas turbine 2 includes a compressor 2a that generates compressed air A2 by sucking and compressing air A1 from the atmosphere, and a combustor that generates combustion gas G by mixing the fuel F with the compressed air A2 generated by the compressor 2a. 2b, a turbine 2c that is rotationally driven by the combustion gas G generated in the combustor 2b, and a rotor 2d that penetrates the compressor 2a and the turbine 2c. The generator 3 is connected to the rotor 2d.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the compressor 2 a is arranged so as to surround the rotor 2 d and alternately forms a compressor casing 10 that forms a compressed air flow path 10 a between the rotor 2 d and the compressed air flow path 10 a. The compressor rotor blade 11 and the compressor stationary blade 12 are provided. A plurality of compressor rotor blades 11 are radially provided on the rotor 2d and further provided in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the rotor 2d. A plurality of compressor vanes 12 are radially provided on the inner peripheral surface of the compressor casing 10 and further provided in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the rotor 2d. Further, the compressor casing 10 is arranged with a space on the inner peripheral side of the outer shell portion 10b with an interval between the outer shell portion 10b and the outer shell portion 10b. And a partition wall 10c that forms a bleed chamber 10d. A gap 10e is partially formed in the partition wall 10c, and the compressed air A2 in the generation process flows into the extraction chamber 10d from the gap 10e.

  The combustor 2b includes a vehicle compartment 20 that communicates with the outlet 10f of the compressed air passage 10a of the compressor 2a, and a combustor body 21 that is provided in the vehicle compartment 20 so as to be arranged in a ring shape. The compressed air A2 discharged from the outlet 10f of the compressed air passage 10a generated by the compressor 2a is supplied to the combustor main body 21 through the interior of the passenger compartment 20, and the fuel and the fuel in the combustor main body 21 are supplied. Combustion gas G is generated by mixing and burning.

Further, the turbine 2c is arranged so as to surround the rotor 2d and forms a combustion gas passage 30a between the turbine 2c and the turbine rotor blades 31 arranged alternately in the combustion gas passage 30a. And a turbine stationary blade 32. A plurality of turbine rotor blades 31 are provided radially on the rotor 2d and provided in a plurality of stages in the axial direction of the rotor 2d. Further, a plurality of turbine vanes 32 are provided radially on the inner peripheral surface of the turbine casing 30 and a plurality in the axial direction of the rotor 2d. Further, the turbine casing 30 is arranged with an interval on the inner peripheral side of the outer portion 30b with a space between the outer portion 30b and the outer portion 30b. And a partition wall portion 30c forming a cooling chamber 30d. Although not shown, the partition wall portion 30 c has an opening in a part thereof and communicates with a cooling flow path formed inside the turbine stationary blade 32. In the gas turbine cooling air generation device 100 according to the present embodiment, the compressed air A2 generated in the intermediate stage and extracted from the compressed air A2 generated in the compressor 2a is extracted and humidified. The cooling air A3 is generated by cooling and supplied to the cooling chamber 30d in the turbine 2c to cool the turbine stationary blade 32.
Details of the configuration of the gas turbine cooling air generation device 100 will be described below.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the gas turbine cooling air generator 100 communicates with at least one of the extraction chambers 10d of the compressor 2a, and also includes pipe lines 101 that communicate with the respective cooling chambers 30d of the turbine 2c. Water supply means 102 for supplying moisture into the pipe line 101, and temperature information acquisition means 103 for acquiring temperature information related to the temperature of the cooling air A3 in the pipe line 101 after the water supply means 102 supplies water. And a pressure information acquisition unit 104 that acquires pressure information related to water vapor partial pressure, a control unit 105 that controls driving of the water supply unit 102, and a storage unit 106 that stores various data. The moisture supply means 102 includes a delivery unit 102a that pumps moisture from a tank (not shown), a connection pipe 102b that guides the water sent from the delivery unit 102a to the pipeline 101, and an electromagnetic valve 102c provided in the connection pipe 102b. Have The opening degree of the electromagnetic valve 102 c is controlled by the control unit 105 as described later, and is controlled to be opened and closed under the control of the control unit 105 so that a desired flow rate is obtained.

Moreover, the temperature information acquisition means 103 is comprised with the thermometer 103a which measures the temperature of the cooling air A3 which distribute | circulates the inside of the pipe line 101, and outputs measured temperature T to the control part 105 as temperature information with an electrical signal. . The pressure information acquisition unit 104 includes a pressure gauge 104a that measures the water vapor partial pressure P of the cooling air A3 that circulates in the pipe 101, and the measured water vapor partial pressure is sent to the control unit 105 as pressure information using an electric signal. Output. Further, the storage unit 106 has a saturated water vapor curve M for a gas in which air and water flowing in the pipe 101 are mixed, with the horizontal axis as shown in FIG. A boundary line N <P = f2 (T) = f1 (T−ΔT)> offset from the <P = f1 (T)> by the constant temperature ΔT toward the non-saturated state is stored as a graph. Here, ΔT, which is an offset, is in the vicinity of the cooling air A3 even if it is not saturated, that is, not on the saturated water vapor curve M, and is locally saturated in the pipe 101 or in the cooling chamber 30d. This is for the safety side in consideration of the possibility, and is a value determined in consideration of the structure of the pipe line 101 and the cooling chamber 30d. The offset amount of the boundary line N with respect to the saturated water vapor curve M is set to the constant temperature ΔT in the above, but may be set to a constant pressure ΔP or may be defined by the distance between the two curves. Further, the storage unit 16 stores a threshold value Tmax of the temperature of the object to be cooled by the cooling air A3, for example, the cooling air A3 determined based on the required cooling performance of the turbine stationary blade 32 in this embodiment. . Then, the control unit 105 refers to the graph and the threshold value Tmax stored in the storage unit 16 and controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve 102c based on the input temperature information and pressure information, thereby supplying the moisture by the moisture supply unit 102. The amount of moisture to be adjusted is adjusted to continuously generate cooling air A3.
Below, the detail of the control by the control part 105 is demonstrated with the procedure which produces | generates the cooling air A3.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generation device 100, as the compressed air A2 is generated by the compressor 2c during the operation of the gas turbine plant 1, the extraction process is sequentially performed from the extraction chamber 10d to the pipeline 101. I'm going to bleed. Then, the compressed air A2 extracted and circulated through the pipe line 101 is humidified by a moisture amount corresponding to the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve 102c of the moisture supply means 102 as a moisture supply step, and is cooled thereby, thereby cooling air A3. Is generated. Next, on the downstream side of the pipe 101 where water is supplied by the water supply means 102, the temperature information acquisition means 103 acquires the current temperature of the cooling air A3 flowing through the pipe 101 as a temperature information acquisition step. At the same time, as the pressure information acquisition step, the water vapor partial pressure of the current cooling air A1 flowing in the pipe 101 is acquired by the pressure information acquisition means 104.

And as a moisture content determination process, the control part 105 determines the moisture content supplied by the moisture supply means 102 based on the acquired temperature information and pressure information. FIG. 4 shows a moisture content determination flow by the control unit 5.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 105 first obtains the temperature T and the water vapor partial pressure P of the cooling air A <b> 3 in the current pipeline 101 from the temperature information and the pressure information obtained in synchronization. . And the control part 105 refers the graph (FIG. 3) of the memory | storage part 106 first as step S1. The measurement point constituted by the current temperature T and pressure P of the cooling air A3 is on the non-saturated side of the boundary line N, that is, on the lower side of the boundary line N, and “P <f2 (T) Is satisfied. The current measurement point of the cooling air A3 is on the saturated water vapor line M side from the boundary line N, in other words, on the boundary line N or above the boundary line N, that is, like the point A3-1 in FIG. When the temperature T and the pressure P are in a relationship of “P ≧ f2 (T)” (NO), it is assumed that there is a possibility that droplets are generated if the current water content is maintained. To reduce the amount of water supplied (step S2). For this reason, the water vapor partial pressure P of the cooling air A3 is reduced, and the cooling air A3 can be generated in a region below the boundary line N where there is no possibility that droplets are reliably generated. The amount of water to be reduced may be a predetermined constant amount, or may be changed according to the difference between the measured pressure P and the calculated value f2 (T) based on the temperature T. May be.

  On the other hand, the current measurement point of the cooling air A3 is on the non-saturated side with respect to the boundary line N, in other words, on the lower side with respect to the boundary line N, that is, the temperature T like the points A3-2 and A3-3 in FIG. And the pressure P are in a relationship of “P <f2 (T)” (YES), it is determined that there is no possibility that droplets are generated with the current amount of water, and whether the current temperature T is lower than the threshold value Tmax. judge. In the case where the current temperature T is equal to or higher than the threshold Tmax, for example, at point A3-2, it is necessary to further cool and lower the temperature of the cooling air A3. Thus, the amount of water supplied is increased. For this reason, the cooling air A3 is accelerated by cooling by humidification cooling, and can reduce the temperature. Note that the amount of water to be increased in this case may be a predetermined constant amount or may be changed according to the difference between the measured temperature T and the threshold value Tmax. On the other hand, when the current temperature T is lower than the threshold value Tmax, for example, at the point A3-3, there is no possibility that droplets are generated in the current cooling air A3, and the temperature T is also appropriate. The current amount of water by the supply means 102 is maintained.

  Then, while performing the extraction process and the water supply process described above, the temperature information acquisition process, the pressure information acquisition process, and the water content determination process are repeatedly performed, so that the water content supplied by the water supply means 102 is generated as a droplet. It can be determined within a range that does not occur, and can be supplied by the moisture supply means 102 to be humidified and cooled. Therefore, the generated cooling air A3 is effectively cooled by maintaining the temperature T below the threshold value Tmax while maintaining a state where no droplets are generated, and supplying the cooling air A3 to the gas turbine stationary blade 32 to be cooled. can do.

  In the moisture content determination step, the control unit 105 refers to the boundary line N, so that the measurement point formed by the current temperature T of the cooling air A3 and the water vapor partial pressure P is defined by the boundary line N. The amount of moisture can be adjusted within a range that is not less than the distance from the water vapor curve M. For this reason, before it becomes the saturated state which a droplet generate | occur | produces, it can prevent generation | occurrence | production of a droplet reliably by reducing the moisture content supplied by a moisture supply process from the present moisture content. . Further, in the water content determination step, when the separation distance from the saturated water vapor curve at the measurement point is larger than a predetermined distance, that is, in a state where the liquid becomes saturated even if water is further supplied and no droplets are generated, When the current temperature T of the cooling air A3 is equal to or higher than the threshold value Tmax, the water content is increased. For this reason, the compressed air A2 can be effectively cooled in a range where no droplets are generated, and the temperature of the cooling air A3 can be made lower than the threshold value Tmax. Further, as described above, the determination of the presence or absence of the generation of the liquid droplet in step S1 is performed in advance in the determination of the presence or absence of the generation of the liquid droplet in step S1 and the determination of the temperature of the cooling air in step S3. As a result, the generation of droplets can be prevented more reliably.

  And in the gas turbine plant 1, by providing such a gas turbine cooling air generating device 100, the cooling air A3 is generated without generating droplets, For example, the turbine stationary blade 32 can be effectively cooled. Moreover, since it can cool effectively, the amount of compressed air extracted from the compressor 2a can be reduced, and the output and efficiency of the gas turbine 2 can be increased.

  In the above description, the temperature and the water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air A3 are acquired by direct measurement by the temperature information acquisition unit 103 configured by the thermometer 103a and the pressure information acquisition unit 104 configured by the pressure gauge 104a. Although it was intended, it is not limited to this. FIG. 5 shows a first modification of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, in the gas turbine cooling air generation device 110 of this modification, the compressed air A <b> 2 that is provided on the upstream side of the moisture supply unit 102 in the pipe 101 and is not supplied with moisture is extracted. A thermometer 103b that measures the temperature T 'and a pressure gauge 104b that measures the water vapor partial pressure P' are included. Further, the controller 105 determines the temperature of the air A3 for cooling after humidification based on the temperature T ′ of the compressed air A2 measured by the thermometer 103b and the amount of moisture supplied by the current moisture supply means 102. Based on the temperature calculation unit 105a that calculates and acquires T, the water vapor partial pressure P ′ of the compressed air A2 measured by the pressure gauge 104b, and the amount of moisture supplied by the current moisture supply means 102, And a pressure calculation unit 105b that calculates and acquires the partial pressure P of the water vapor of the cooling air A3. That is, the temperature information acquisition means 103 for acquiring temperature information related to the temperature of the cooling air A3 is configured by the thermometer 103b and the temperature calculation unit 105a, and the water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air A3 is configured by the pressure gauge 104b and the pressure calculation unit 105b. The pressure information acquisition means 104 which acquires the pressure information which concerns on is comprised. In this way, the temperature and water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air A3 may be acquired by calculation. In the calculation, the temperature of the water supplied by the water supply means 102 may be measured and taken into consideration. Further, the temperature of the compressed air A2 and the partial pressure of the water vapor are not shown from a control unit on the gas turbine 2 side (not shown). It may be based on information.

  In the above, the gas turbine cooling device 100 extracts the compressed air A2 generated by the compressor 2a from the extraction chamber 10d in the intermediate stage to generate the cooling air A3, and the cooling chamber 30d of the turbine 2c. However, the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 6 shows a second modification of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, in the gas turbine cooling air generator 120 of this modification, the upstream end of the pipe line 101 is connected to the passenger compartment 20, and the downstream end of the pipe line 101 is the turbine blade. It communicates with the space between the turbine blade 31 and the rotor 2d communicating with the interior of the rotor 31. In such a modification, a part of the compressed air A2 discharged from the outlet 10f of the compressed air flow path 10a of the compressor 2c and flowing into the passenger compartment 20 is extracted to generate the cooling air A3. Can be supplied to the inside of the turbine rotor blade 31. Thus, the position where the upstream end of the pipe line 101 is connected to extract the compressed air A2 may be on the outlet 10f side of the compressor 2c, or may be an intermediate stage. Moreover, as a position which connects the downstream end of the pipe line 101 for supplying cooling air A3, it can connect to various parts according to the cooling object.

  In the above description, the compressed air A2 extracted by the pipe 101 is taken out and cooled. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each step may be performed inside the gas turbine 2. 7 and 8 show third and fourth modifications of this embodiment, respectively. As shown in FIG. 7, in the gas turbine cooling air generator 130 of the third modified example, the combustor main body 21 is extracted from the compressed air A2 flowing into the vehicle compartment 20 from the outlet 10f of the compressor 2c. The compressed air A2 flowing into the cooling chamber 30d without flowing into the chamber is humidified and cooled to generate the cooling air A3. Specifically, the moisture supply means 131 includes a delivery unit 131a that pumps moisture from a tank (not shown), and a connection pipe 131b that guides the water sent from the delivery unit 131a to the extraction location of the compressed air A2 in the passenger compartment 20. And an electromagnetic valve 131c provided in the connecting pipe 131b and a nozzle 131d provided at the tip of the connecting pipe 131b. The thermometer 103a constituting the temperature information acquisition means 103 and the pressure gauge 104a constituting the pressure information acquisition means 104 are measured between the nozzle 131d of the moisture supply means 131 and the cooling chamber 30d in the vehicle compartment 20. It is provided as possible.

  Also in the gas turbine cooling air generator 130 of this modification, moisture is cooled by supplying moisture from the nozzle 131d to the compressed air A2 extracted in the passenger compartment 20 to generate the cooling air A3. Then, the temperature and pressure of the generated cooling air A3 are measured by the thermometer 103a and the pressure gauge 104a, and the control unit 105 determines the amount of water supplied by the water supply means 131 based on the measured temperature and pressure. The cooling air A3 humidified and cooled by the amount can be supplied to the cooling chamber 30d.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the gas turbine cooling air generator 140 of the fourth modified example, the nozzle 131 d of the moisture supply means 131 for supplying moisture communicates with the inside of the turbine rotor blade 31. It is provided in the space between the moving blade 31 and the rotor 2d. Further, the thermometer 103a constituting the temperature information acquisition means 103 and the pressure gauge 104a constituting the pressure information acquisition means 104 are in the space between the turbine rotor blade 31 and the rotor 2d communicating with the inside of the turbine rotor blade 31. The water supply means 131 is provided on the downstream side of the nozzle 131d.

  Also in the gas turbine cooling air generator 140 of this modification, moisture is cooled by humidification by supplying moisture from the nozzle 131d to the compressed air A2 extracted from the outlet 10f of the compressor 2c into the space, thereby cooling air A3. Is generated. Then, the temperature and pressure of the generated cooling air A3 are measured by the thermometer 103a and the pressure gauge 104a, and the control unit 105 determines the amount of water supplied by the water supply means 131 based on the measured temperature and pressure. Cooling air A3 humidified and cooled in an amount can be supplied into the turbine rotor blade 31.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 9 to 11 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same members as those used in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the gas turbine cooling air generator 150 of this embodiment exchanges heat with the compressed air flowing in the pipe 101 on the downstream side of supplying moisture by the moisture supply means 102. It further includes a cooling means 151 for cooling the compressed air A2. For example, air or seawater is used as the cold heat source. Then, the moisture supply means 102 as the moisture supply process is humidified and cooled, and further the cooling air 151 as the heat exchange cooling process is used as the cooling air A3, and the thermometer 103a constituting the temperature information acquisition means 103 and the pressure information acquisition. After the temperature and pressure are measured by the pressure gauge 104a constituting the means 104, the pressure is supplied to the object to be cooled. Here, in the present embodiment, in the moisture content determination step, the control unit 105 uses the moisture supply means 102 based on the acquired temperature T and water vapor partial pressure P of the cooling air A3, as in the first embodiment. Although the amount of moisture is controlled, the amount of heat exchange by the cooling means 151 is also controlled.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the control unit 105 first acquires the temperature T and the water vapor partial pressure P of the cooling air A3 in the current pipe line 101 from the temperature information and the pressure information obtained in synchronization. . Similarly, in step S1, the control unit 105 refers to the graph (FIG. 3) in the storage unit 106 and determines whether or not “P <f2 (T)” is satisfied. Then, when the temperature T and the pressure P as indicated by points A3-1 and A3-4 in FIG. 11 are in a relationship of “P ≧ f2 (T)” (NO), the liquid amount can be maintained by maintaining the current water content. As a possibility that droplets may be generated, the opening of the electromagnetic valve 102c is lowered to reduce the amount of water supplied (step S2). Next, when it is determined in step S2 that the temperature T and the pressure P are “P ≧ f2 (T)” (YES), the control unit 105 further determines whether or not the temperature T is less than the threshold value Tmax. Perform (step S2a). For example, when the temperature is equal to or higher than the threshold value Tmax as in point A3-4 (NO), the control unit 105 increases the amount of heat exchange by the cooling unit 151 (step S2b). As a result, the current cooling air A3 represented by the measurement point A3-4 can be set to “P <f2 (T)” and “T <Tmax”. In step S2a, for example, when the temperature is lower than the threshold value Tmax (YES) as at point A3-1, the control unit 105 maintains the heat exchange amount by the cooling unit 151 as it is. In addition, the control flow in the case where “P ≧ f2 (T)” is determined in step S1 and the process proceeds to step S3 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  In the gas turbine cooling air generator 150 of the present embodiment, there is a possibility that droplets may be generated. Therefore, even when the amount of moisture supplied by the moisture supply means 102 is decreased, the heat exchange amount by the cooling means 151 is increased. The temperature of the cooling air A3 can be made lower than the threshold value Tmax.

  In this embodiment, in step S3, a threshold value Tmax for determining whether or not to increase moisture by the moisture supply unit 102, and in step S2a, whether or not to increase the heat exchange amount by the cooling unit 151. Although the threshold value Tmax for determination is treated as the same value, the present invention is not limited to this. Different threshold values may be set with the former as the first threshold and the latter as the second threshold. Further, the details of the location where the compressed air A2 is extracted by the gas turbine cooling air device 150 and the location where the cooling air A3 is supplied are omitted, but can be applied to various patterns as in the first embodiment. It is. In the patterns as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, it is possible to perform cooling by the cooling means 151 once taken out by the conduit 101 or the like.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the same members as those used in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 12, in the gas turbine plant 200 of the present embodiment, exhaust gas in the gas turbine 2 is further used in addition to the gas turbine 2, the generator 3, and the cooling air generator 100 for gas turbine. The gas turbine combine implant is provided with exhaust gas utilization means. That is, the gas turbine plant 200 of this embodiment includes a gas turbine 2, a generator 3, a gas turbine cooling air generation device 100, a steam generation unit 201 that is an exhaust gas utilization unit, and a steam generation unit 201. A high-pressure steam turbine 202 and a low-pressure steam turbine 203 that are driven by the discharged steam, and a condenser 204 that generates water from the steam discharged from the low-pressure steam turbine 203 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the steam generation unit 201 includes a high pressure superheater 201a, a high pressure evaporator 201b, a high pressure economizer 201c, a low pressure superheater 201d, a low pressure evaporator 201e, and a low pressure economizer 201f. Then, the exhaust gas supplied from the gas turbine 2 flows in this order and receives supply of heat from the exhaust gas.

  In the low pressure economizer 201f, water is supplied from the condenser 204 by the pump 204a, and the supplied water is preheated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas from the turbine 2c, and the low pressure evaporator 201e and the high pressure economizer 201c. To supply. In the low pressure evaporator 201e, the water preheated by the low pressure economizer 201f is heated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas to generate steam, which is supplied to the low pressure superheater 201d. In the low-pressure superheater 201 d, the supplied steam is heated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas from the turbine 2 c to generate superheated steam and supply it to the low-pressure steam turbine 203.

  Further, in the high pressure economizer 201c, the water supplied by being pressurized by the pump 201g from the low pressure economizer 201f is further preheated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas from the turbine 2c and supplied to the high pressure evaporator 201b. The In the high pressure evaporator 201b, the water preheated in the high pressure economizer 201c is heated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas, and steam is generated and supplied to the high pressure superheater 201a. In the high-pressure superheater 201 a, the supplied steam is heated by the heat supplied from the exhaust gas from the turbine 2 c to generate superheated steam and supply it to the high-pressure steam turbine 202.

  The high-pressure steam turbine 202 can be driven by the steam supplied from the high-pressure superheater 201 a and can generate power with the generator 205. Further, the steam circulated in the high-pressure steam turbine 202 is supplied to the low-pressure steam turbine 203 together with the steam from the low-pressure superheater 201d, so that the low-pressure steam turbine 203 can be driven and the generator 206 can generate power. is there. Note that the steam that has flowed through the low-pressure steam turbine 203 is supplied to the condenser 204 and then supplied to the steam generation means 201 again.

  As described above, in the gas turbine plant 200 provided with the steam generation means 201 as the exhaust gas utilization means, the high-pressure steam turbine 202 and the low-pressure steam turbine 203 can be driven using the exhaust gas to generate power, and the output increases. The efficiency can be further improved.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the concrete structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention are included.

  For example, the present invention can be applied not only to a new gas turbine plant but also to an existing gas turbine plant. That is, the gas turbine 2 is provided as an existing gas turbine plant, and the gas turbine cooling air generating device of the present invention is installed therein. Alternatively, as an existing gas turbine plant, a gas turbine 2 and water supply means are provided, and temperature information acquisition means, pressure information acquisition means, and a control unit are installed therein, thereby cooling the gas turbine of the present invention. An air generating device may be configured. In any pattern, in the gas turbine plant as in the above-described embodiment configured by being reconstructed, the cooling air generation device for the gas turbine generates the cooling air A3 without generating droplets. It is possible to effectively cool the high-temperature portion that is symmetric with respect to cooling, and therefore it is possible to increase the output and increase the efficiency of the existing gas turbine 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,200 Gas turbine plant 2 Gas turbine 2a Compressor 2b Combustor 2c Turbine 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150 Gas turbine cooling air generator 102 Moisture supply means 103 Temperature information acquisition means 104 Pressure information acquisition means 105 Control unit

Claims (10)

A gas turbine cooling air generating device that cools a part of compressed air generated by a compressor and generates cooling air for cooling a high-temperature portion in the gas turbine,
Moisture supply means for supplying moisture to a part of the compressed air and generating cooling air;
Temperature information acquisition means for acquiring temperature information relating to the temperature of the cooling air after the water is supplied by the water supply means;
Pressure information acquisition means for acquiring pressure information relating to a water vapor partial pressure of the cooling air after the water is supplied by the water supply means;
A gas comprising: a control unit that controls driving of the moisture supply unit based on the temperature information acquired by the temperature information acquisition unit and the pressure information acquired by the pressure information acquisition unit. Turbine cooling air generator. In the gas turbine cooling air generation device according to claim 1,
The control unit refers to a boundary line that is set in advance and indicates a relationship between pressure and temperature obtained by offsetting the saturated water vapor curve by a predetermined amount, and with respect to the boundary line, the current temperature of the cooling air and An air generator for cooling a gas turbine, wherein the amount of water supplied by the water supply means is reduced from the current amount of water when a measurement point constituted by a water vapor partial pressure is on the saturation side. In the gas turbine cooling air generation device according to claim 2,
If the measurement point is not on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the control unit further compares the current cooling air temperature with a preset first threshold value to determine the current cooling air. When the temperature of the gas turbine is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, the amount of moisture supplied by the moisture supply means is increased from the current amount of moisture, and the air generating device for cooling a gas turbine is characterized in that: In the gas turbine cooling air generation device according to claim 2 or 3,
Cooling means for cooling the compressed air by exchanging heat with the compressed air on the upstream side or downstream side for supplying moisture by the moisture supply means,
When the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the control unit further compares the current cooling air temperature with a preset second threshold value, When the temperature of air is more than said 2nd threshold value, the amount of heat exchange by the said cooling means is increased, The cooling air generation apparatus for gas turbines characterized by the above-mentioned. An air generator for cooling a gas turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A gas turbine plant comprising the gas turbine.   The reconstructing method for an existing gas turbine plant, wherein the gas turbine plant according to claim 5 is constructed by additionally installing the gas turbine cooling air generation device with respect to the existing gas turbine. A cooling method for generating air for a gas turbine that cools a part of compressed air generated by a compressor and generates cooling air for cooling a high temperature portion in the gas turbine,
A moisture supply step of supplying moisture to a part of the compressed air generated by the compressor to generate cooling air;
A temperature information acquisition step of acquiring a current temperature of the cooling air;
A pressure information acquisition step of acquiring a water vapor partial pressure of the current cooling air;
A gas amount determination step for determining a water amount to be supplied in the water supply step based on the temperature acquired in the temperature information acquisition step and the water vapor partial pressure acquired in the pressure information acquisition step. A method for generating air for cooling a turbine. In the gas turbine cooling air generation method according to claim 7,
With reference to a boundary line that is set in advance in the water content determination step and indicates a relationship between pressure and temperature obtained by offsetting the saturated water vapor curve by a predetermined amount, the current cooling air is referred to the boundary line. A cooling air generation method for a gas turbine, characterized in that when the measurement point constituted by temperature and water vapor partial pressure is on the saturation side, the amount of water supplied in the water supply step is reduced from the current amount of water. . The method for generating cooling air for a gas turbine according to claim 8,
In the moisture content determination step, when the measurement point is not saturated with respect to the boundary line, the current cooling air temperature is compared with a preset first threshold value to When the temperature of the working air is equal to or higher than the first threshold, the amount of moisture supplied in the moisture supplying step is increased from the current amount of moisture, and the method for generating air for cooling a gas turbine is characterized in that: In the gas turbine cooling air generation device according to claim 8 or 9,
A heat exchange cooling step for cooling the compressed air by performing heat exchange with the compressed air before or after supplying moisture in the moisture supplying step,
In the moisture content determination step, when the measurement point is on the saturation side with respect to the boundary line, the current cooling air temperature is compared with a preset second threshold value, When the temperature of the cooling air is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the amount of heat exchange in the heat exchange cooling step is increased.

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