JP2011111773A - Building and earthquake-resistant element selecting method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building, facilitating earthquake-resistance diagnosis, and provide an earthquake-resistant element selecting method for selecting an earthquake-resistant element for conducting earthquake-resistance diagnosis to facilitate earthquake-resistance diagnosis. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of bearing walls 12 are provided in the building 10, computer simulation is previously performed to anticipate the first bearing wall 12 to collapse due to an earthquake, the bearing wall is specified as a reference bearing element, and a strain gauge is stuck to a yield hinge 22 in the specified bearing wall 12. The strain gauge is connected to a diagnostic device 24, and the diagnostic device 24 diagnoses by measuring strain of the yield hinge 22 by the strain gauge. The diagnostic device 24 can determine whether or not the yield hinge 22 causes plastic deformation from the measurement on strain after an earthquake, and simply perform earthquake resistance diagnostic for the building 10 only by measuring strain at one portion. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building and a seismic element selection method, and more particularly to a building capable of diagnosing a seismic element provided in itself and a seismic element selection method for selecting a seismic element for performing seismic diagnosis in the building.

  In Patent Document 1, detection means capable of detecting and recording the degree of deformation occurring in a structural element is attached to a predetermined structural element such as a pillar or wall of a building. It is proposed to record the degree of deformation that actually occurs and to diagnose the seismic resistance of the building on the basis of a predetermined calculation standard from the actual deformation data obtained thereby and the data on the magnitude of the earthquake.

Japanese Patent No. 3388020

  Since it is not possible to limit which part of the building will be damaged when an earthquake occurs, seismic diagnosis is required while destroying all the walls and inspecting the safety of each seismic element itself after a major earthquake, etc. Therefore, the work becomes very complicated.

Furthermore, the technique described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
(1) In the event of an actual earthquake, this is a mechanism for diagnosing the seismic performance of a building from the magnitude of the earthquake and the degree of deformation of the structural element (actual deformation data), and the safety of the seismic element provided in the building itself It is not something to judge.

(2) Seismic diagnosis is performed by sending deformation data, etc. via an online network during the centralized management period, and processing it according to the prescribed calculation standard together with data on the magnitude of earthquakes sent from the Japan Meteorological Agency, etc. The earthquake resistance of a building cannot be judged in real time for earthquakes (such as aftershocks) that occur, and the earthquake resistance of a building is diagnosed unless data on the magnitude of the earthquake is sent from the Japan Meteorological Agency I can not.

(3) The earthquake resistance diagnosis is performed based on the actual deformation data collected during the earthquake, and the effects of deterioration of the earthquake resistant elements after the earthquake cannot be evaluated. That is, since the degree of deterioration of the seismic element is not known at all, it cannot be determined whether the building can withstand the next earthquake, whether renovation is necessary, or the like.

  In view of the above facts, the present invention aims to provide a building capable of easily performing seismic diagnosis, and a seismic element selecting method for selecting seismic elements for performing seismic diagnosis in order to facilitate seismic diagnosis. To do.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least one of a plurality of seismic elements is a reference seismic element serving as a reference for diagnosis, and a diagnosis capable of diagnosing the state of the reference seismic element in the reference seismic element serving as a reference. Means are provided.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 1 will be described.
In the building according to the first aspect, since the diagnostic means is provided in the reference seismic element serving as a reference for diagnosis, the state of the reference seismic element serving as a reference for diagnosis can be arbitrarily diagnosed. Therefore, by diagnosing the reference seismic element after the earthquake with the diagnostic device, it is possible to grasp the damage state, the deterioration state, etc. of the reference seismic element due to the earthquake. In addition, the reference earthquake-resistant element is diagnosed by the diagnostic device even in a normal state before the earthquake.

  For example, a seismic element that collapses first by receiving an earthquake (or an earthquake-resistant element whose seismic performance decreases most by receiving an earthquake, etc.) may be predicted in advance by computer simulation, and the first seismic element that collapses first. If an element is selected as a reference seismic element as a reference, the diagnosis will be limited to the first seismic element that collapses first, compared with the case where all the seismic elements of a building are diagnosed by removing the surface material such as wallpaper. Therefore, the number of diagnosis points can be greatly reduced, and the diagnosis work can be greatly simplified. Diagnosis is based on the reference seismic element that collapses first, so if there are no problems as a result of the diagnosis, it can be determined that all other seismic elements are satisfactory without diagnosis. Yes.

  The reference seismic elements are not limited to those predicted and determined by computer simulation. For example, a weak part that reduces the rigidity of the seismic elements (when an external force due to an earthquake is input, the first collapses) It is also possible to use a seismic element in which a portion having a low rigidity is set in advance as a reference seismic element.

The reference seismic element is preferably the first seismic element that collapses in the building. However, it is not necessarily the first seismic element that collapses in the building. good. For example, even if the seismic element that collapses second is used as the reference seismic element, the diagnostic accuracy may be slightly reduced, but the seismic diagnosis of the building is sufficiently possible.
Further, one reference seismic element may be provided in the building, but two or more reference earthquake resistant elements may be provided.

  Invention of Claim 2 is comprised in 2 stories or more in the building of Claim 1, and the said reference seismic element is provided in at least one of the floors.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 2 will be described.
For example, in a building composed of two or more floors, the first floor receives a greater force than the upper floor during an earthquake. For this reason, after an earthquake, the seismic elements on the first floor tend to have lower seismic performance than the seismic elements on the upper floor.

In the case of buildings where the seismic elements on the first floor tend to have lower seismic performance than the seismic elements on the upper floor, it is possible to install a standard seismic element with a diagnostic device on the first floor. This is a preferable form for the diagnosis.
Note that the reference seismic element provided with the diagnostic device is not limited to the first floor but may be provided on another floor. For example, in the case of a building where the planned site for collapse (the floor with the lowest seismic performance) is set on the second floor, a reference seismic element is provided on the second floor. That is, it is preferable to provide the reference seismic element on the floor where the seismic performance is lowered.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the first or second aspect, the reference seismic element includes a yield hinge, and the diagnostic means is attached to the yield hinge.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 3 will be described.
Since the yield hinge is easily deformed by external force, it is possible to grasp the state of the reference seismic element by providing a yield hinge on the reference seismic element and providing diagnostic means on the yield hinge, which is the most easily deformed part of the standard seismic element. This is the preferred form.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to any one of the first to third aspects, the diagnostic means includes a plastic deformation measuring device capable of measuring a strain of the reference seismic element. .

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 4 will be described.
By providing the reference seismic element with a plastic deformation measuring device capable of measuring strain, the degree of distortion (deformation) of the reference seismic element can be accurately grasped.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a notification means for notifying a diagnosis result of the reference seismic element based on a diagnosis result by the diagnosis means. Have.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 5 will be described.
The notification means notifies the diagnosis result of the reference seismic element based on the diagnosis result by the diagnosis means. For this reason, the resident of a building etc. can grasp the state of the standard seismic element by the notification of the diagnosis result from the notification means.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the notification means is configured such that the deformation of the reference seismic element is elastic based on a diagnosis result by the diagnostic means. A distinction is made as to whether it is a zone or a plastic zone.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 6 will be described.
The notifying means distinguishes and notifies whether the deformation of the reference seismic element is an elastic region or a plastic region based on a diagnosis result by the diagnosis unit.
Therefore, the resident of the building or the like can know whether the reference seismic element is elastically deformed or plastically deformed by notifying the diagnosis result from the notifying means.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the sixth aspect, the reference seismic element is plastically deformed based on a diagnosis result by the diagnostic means, and a distortion value of the reference seismic element is previously set. Warning means for issuing a warning when it is determined that the set upper limit value is exceeded.

Next, the operation of the building according to claim 7 will be described.
In the building according to claim 7, for example, when the reference seismic element is plastically deformed by an earthquake and the strain value of the reference seismic element exceeds a preset upper limit value, the warning means issues a warning.

  For example, when a seismic element is greatly deformed by an earthquake, the seismic performance of the reference seismic element may be significantly reduced or lost, and there is a concern about seismic resistance. In such a case, in the building according to claim 7, warning means can issue a warning before the next earthquake (aftershocks, etc.), so the residents are evacuated from the building before the next earthquake. Can ensure the safety of residents.

The invention according to claim 8 is the building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a plurality of the reference seismic elements are provided.
Next, the operation of the building according to claim 8 will be described.
By providing a plurality of reference seismic elements, a plurality of reference seismic elements can be diagnosed, and it becomes possible to perform a more precise and accurate seismic diagnosis than diagnosing one reference diagnostic element.

  The seismic element selection method according to claim 9 is the building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one of the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the plurality of seismic elements. The reference seismic element is selected based on the relative positional relationship with the position.

Next, the operation of the seismic element selection method according to claim 9 will be described.
The seismic element selection method according to claim 9 is a reference seismic element that serves as a reference for diagnosis based on a relative positional relationship between at least one of the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the positions of the plurality of seismic elements. Is predicted and selected as the reference seismic element.

For example, considering the case where the building is twisted and deformed by an earthquake (as viewed from above), it is necessary to consider the center of gravity or the position of the center of the building in order to predict the most deformed portion of the building.
Comparing the part near the center of gravity or the position of the rigid center with the part far from the position of the center of gravity or the position of the rigid center, the part of the center of gravity or the part far from the position of the rigid center is more This is because the deformation at the time of earthquake tends to be larger than the portion closer to the position of the center, that is, the building tends to twist about the center of gravity or the rigid center.

Therefore, in such a case, it is expected that the reference seismic element that first collapses due to an earthquake is located farthest from the position of the center of gravity or the position of the rigid center. If you choose.
In this way, it is easy to select the reference seismic element by selecting the reference seismic element based on the relative positional relationship between the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the position of the plurality of seismic elements. become.

  Since the position of the center of gravity of a building is calculated from the weight and position of building components (columns, walls, floors, ceilings, roofs, beams, bars, windows, etc.), the weight of the building is calculated from the weight and position of these components. You can see the balance. Therefore, when predicting deformation of a building due to an earthquake, the weight balance of the building may be taken into consideration.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the building according to the eighth aspect, the relative position relationship between the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the positions of the plurality of seismic elements is the building according to the eighth aspect. Based on this, the order in which the plurality of the reference seismic elements are likely to collapse due to an earthquake is determined.
Next, the operation of the seismic element selection method according to claim 10 will be described.
The seismic element selection method according to claim 10 is based on a relative positional relationship between at least one of the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the position of the plurality of seismic elements. The order in which earthquakes are likely to collapse is expected, and the order is determined.
When multiple seismic elements are used for seismic diagnosis of a building, the top seismic elements that are likely to collapse are used as standard seismic elements, and the order in which they are likely to collapse is determined to limit the number of standard seismic elements to one Compared to the above, it is possible to perform a more accurate and accurate earthquake-resistant diagnosis.

  As explained above, in the building of the present invention, by diagnosing the state of the seismic element whose seismic performance is most degraded by receiving an earthquake, the surface material such as wallpaper is peeled off to diagnose all seismic elements in the building The earthquake resistance of the building can be easily diagnosed.

  Moreover, in the seismic element selection method of the present invention, it is possible to easily select the seismic element to be diagnosed so that the earthquake resistance of the building can be easily diagnosed. Thereby, it becomes possible to easily diagnose the earthquake resistance of the building.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the first embodiment of the building of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the building 10 of the present embodiment is a two-story house by a steel frame assembling method, and a bearing wall 12 as a bearing element is provided at a plurality of locations on the first and second floors. Is provided. In the plan view of the building 10 in FIG. 2, the symbol G indicates the center of gravity of the building 10, and the symbol H indicates the rigid center of the building 10.

Next, the structure of the load bearing wall 12 of the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the load-bearing wall 12 of the present embodiment has three tube columns (square steel pipe: 75 mm ××) arranged at a constant interval (in this embodiment, a center-to-center distance of 500 mm). 75 mm × 4.5 mm) 14 and the tube pillars 14 are connected to each other and include a lattice 16 extending in a zigzag shape in the vertical direction.

  The lattice 16 of the present embodiment is formed by bending a steel round bar (φ22 mm in the present embodiment), and includes a plurality of straight portions 16A extending along the axial direction of the tube column 14 and the straight portions 16A. A plurality of inclined portions 16B that are continuous with the end portions and are inclined with respect to the linear portion 16A.

Further, a steel plate (60 mm × 75 mm × 19 mm in this embodiment) 18 is welded to the side surfaces of the two tube columns 14 on both sides, but the steel plate 18 is welded to the side surfaces of the central tube column 14. Not.
Further, flanges (steel plates: 200 mm × 100 mm × 16 mm) 20 for welding to beams (not shown) are welded to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the tube pillar 14.
The lattice 16 is welded to the steel plate 18 with respect to the pipe columns 14 on both sides, and is welded directly to the side surface with respect to the central tube column 14.

In the present embodiment, a connecting portion between the straight portion 16 </ b> A and the inclined portion 16 </ b> B of the lattice 16 is a so-called yield hinge 22.
A yield hinge 22 having a tenacious structure and a structure that absorbs energy by bending deformation or the like is a preferable form in measuring strain by a strain gauge 26 described later.

Here, the building 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of load-bearing walls 12. In order to investigate in advance how the building 10 is deformed during an earthquake using a computer at the time of new construction design, the building 10 is used. In the design, the load bearing wall 12 (the reference seismic element of the present invention) that is most likely to collapse during an earthquake is selected from among a plurality of computer simulations.
In addition, the collapse here means that it is damaged (deformed) to such an extent that the function as the bearing wall is lost.

  Furthermore, at the time of design, the yield hinge 22 (for example, the yield hinge 22 indicated by the arrow A in FIG. 1) that is most easily deformed among the load bearing walls 12 that are most likely to collapse during an earthquake is selected. A strain gauge 26 (not shown in FIG. 3; see FIG. 6) of a diagnostic device 24 to be described later is attached. The strain of the yield hinge 22 can be measured by the strain gauge 26.

Next, the diagnostic device 24 will be described with reference to FIG.
The diagnostic device 24 includes a strain gauge 26, a strain amplifier 28, a personal computer (PC) 30, and the like.

  The PC 30 includes a CPU 32, a ROM 34, a RAM 36, and an input / output port 38. These are connected to each other via a bus 40 such as an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. The input / output port 38 is connected to a display 42, a hard disk (HD) 44, a disk drive 46 for reading information from various disks 45, and the like as various input / output devices. Note that a mouse 47 and a keyboard 49 can be connected to the input / output port 38.

  The strain gauge 26 is connected to the input / output port 38 via the strain amplifier 28, and a warning device 48 for warning is connected.

  The display 42 uses various information such as the date and time of earthquake occurrence, the date and time of measurement, and the state of the yielding hinge 22 of which bearing wall 12 using graphics (images, figures), numbers, symbols, characters, and the like. Can be displayed. At least one display 42 is required in the building 10 and may be installed in a plurality of rooms or in each room.

  In the present embodiment, the warning device 48 uses a warning lamp that emits red light. However, a warning device such as a siren, a speaker, and a buzzer may be added.

The diagnostic device 24 has identification information for identifying the load bearing wall 12 to which the strain gauge 26 is attached, information for identifying the yield hinge 22 to which the strain gauge 26 is attached, and the strain measured by the strain gauge 26. Various information such as size can be stored in association with each other.
The diagnostic device 24 can also store various information such as the unit price of the bearing wall 12 and the number of days required for repair.

  Furthermore, in the diagnostic device 24 of the present embodiment, the yield hinge 22 is not distorted (not deformed), or even if it is distorted, the value of the strain amount that is found to be within the elastic limit, that is, as the elastic limit. The upper limit value of the distortion amount is stored in advance, and in this embodiment, the upper limit value set in advance is compared with the value when the distortion of the yield hinge 22 is actually measured, and the measured value is If the yield hinge 22 is not distorted if it is less than the upper limit value, or if it is distorted, the distortion is small, and it is determined that the yield hinge 22 of the lattice 16 is within the elastic limit, and the measured value exceeds the upper limit value Is judged to be plastically deformed.

Next, the flow from the design stage of the building 10 to the diagnosis after completion will be described.
(1) At the design stage, considering the balance of the load-bearing walls 12 on the upper and lower floors, the floor to be collapsed is determined in the event that the building 10 collapses due to a major earthquake or the like. In the present embodiment, the number of bearing walls 12 is set so that the second floor is more than the first floor, and the first floor is collapsed first (in some cases, the number of bearing walls 12 is set to 2 (The same number may be set for the first floor and the first floor, and the first floor may be set more than the second floor, and the second floor may be collapsed first.)

(2) At that time, a part other than the load bearing wall 12 itself, such as a joint portion, is configured to be sufficiently strong with respect to the load bearing wall 12 so that the first collapsed portion of the building 10 can be limited to the load bearing wall 12.

(3) Based on the computer simulation, based on the position of the center of gravity G of the building 10 and the position of the rigid center H (see FIG. 2, the arrangement of the load bearing wall 12 is an example and is not limited to this). The bearing wall 12 that collapses first in the building 10 is predicted and specified as a reference seismic element.
In the present embodiment, since the first floor is determined to collapse first when an earthquake occurs, the load bearing wall 12 that first collapses is identified from the first floor and stored in the diagnostic device 24.

(4) The bearing wall 12 has a structure having a yielding hinge 22 so that the collapsing portion can be limited locally. In the bearing wall using the face material, it is difficult to locally limit the portion that collapses.

(5) A yield hinge 22 that first collapses (plastically deforms) is selected from the bearing wall 12, and a strain gauge 26 is attached to the selected yield hinge 22. The strain gauge 26 is connected to the diagnostic device 24 via the strain amplifier 28, and the strain gauge 26 and the load bearing wall 12 are associated with each other and stored in the diagnostic device 24.
The diagnostic device 24 stores in advance a strain value (upper limit value) corresponding to the elastic limit of the yielding hinge 22. The relationship between the distortion of the yield hinge 22 and the elastic limit is obtained in advance by experiments.

(6) Next, the operation of the diagnostic device 24 will be described.
In the building 10, the distortion of the yield hinge 22 is constantly monitored by the diagnostic device 24.
When the building 10 is shaken by an earthquake, the amount of distortion of the yield hinge 22 changes, so that the diagnosis device 24 indicates that the distortion has changed more than a preset fluctuation range (value) within a preset time (for example, several seconds). , The diagnostic device 24 determines that an earthquake has occurred.
Note that an accelerometer connected to the diagnostic device 24 is attached to the building 10, and when the acceleration of the building 10 exceeds a preset value, it can be determined that the earthquake is an earthquake. The diagnosis device 24 that has determined that an earthquake has occurred can store the date and time of occurrence of the earthquake.

  After the earthquake, the diagnosis device 24 compares the distortion value of each yield hinge 22 with the upper limit value of the distortion stored in advance, and makes the following determinations such as a, b, and c, for example.

a. If “measured strain value <preliminarily stored upper limit value”, it is determined that the yield hinge 22 is within the elastic limit (not plastically deformed).

b. When “measured value ≧ pre-stored upper limit value” and “measured value−pre-stored upper limit value ≦ pre-set value”, although the yield hinge 22 is deformed, the plastic deformation amount is small, Judging that there is no need for seismic retrofit.

c. When “measured value ≧ predetermined value” and “measured value−predetermined value> predetermined value”, it is determined that the yield hinge 22 is greatly plastically deformed and needs to be retrofitted. .

Here, one of the above three judgments is made by the diagnostic device 24. For example, in the case of a, the display 42 displays “repair is not necessary (safe)”, and in the case of b, “repair is not necessary.” (It is deformed but safe) ”, and in the case of c,“ repair is necessary (cost is XX. Repair days are XX) ”can be displayed.
The relationship between the strain amount and the safety is evaluated in advance by a frame experiment of the bearing wall 12 or the like.
Note that other messages may be displayed on the display 42.

  Also, in the case of c, since it is also assumed that the building 10 cannot withstand due to an aftershock after a major earthquake, a warning device 48 warns the user (eg, flashing red light) so as to notify an emergency situation. And urgent evacuation from the building 10 can be urged to a resident or the like in the building 10. The display 42 may display “Please evacuate from the building” or the like.

As described above, since the diagnosis device 24 constantly monitors the state of the load-bearing wall 12 where the seismic performance is most deteriorated due to the earthquake, there is no problem with the load-bearing wall 12 where the seismic performance is most degraded due to the earthquake. For example, it can be determined that there is no problem without diagnosing the other bearing walls 12.
Therefore, the number of diagnosis points is greatly reduced compared to the case of diagnosing the seismic performance of a building by peeling off the surface material such as wallpaper and diagnosing all the bearing walls, and the diagnosis of the building becomes extremely easy.

In addition, by constantly monitoring with the diagnostic device 24 as described above, it is possible to diagnose the deterioration (change over time) of the building 10.
It should be noted that the comparison between the strain value of each yield hinge 22 and the upper limit strain value stored in advance needs to be executed immediately after the earthquake is detected. (For example, every few hours, every few days, etc.).

  In the present embodiment, since the number of bearing walls 12 on the second floor is set to be larger than the number of bearing walls 12 on the first floor, the influence of the deformation of the foot of the second floor bearing wall 12 (second floor) It is possible to reduce the uncertainties that cause problems in diagnosis.

  In addition, the diagnostic apparatus 24 of this embodiment can also be connected to communication means, such as an internet line. For example, when the yield hinge 22 is plastically deformed, the diagnosis result may be transmitted to the contractor's computer 52 via the communication line 50 such as the Internet line so as to prompt the contractor to repair (see FIG. 6). . As a result, the contractor can quickly and reliably obtain the damage status of the building 10 due to the earthquake, and can quickly respond to securing materials and personnel.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same structure as 1st Embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
In the building 10 of the present embodiment, a simulation at the time of an earthquake is performed using a computer at the time of design, as in the first embodiment. The highest bearing wall 12 is predicted in the order of collapse from the first bearing wall 12 that collapses the earliest, and is specified and stored as a standard bearing element. In addition, about the specified bearing wall 12, the strain gauge 26 is attached with respect to the yielding hinge 22 in the bearing wall which is most likely to break.
Therefore, a plurality of strain gauges 26 are connected to the diagnostic device 24 as shown in FIG.

Next, from the design stage of the building 10 of this embodiment to the diagnosis after completion will be described.
(1) The floor where the building 10 collapses is determined in consideration of the balance of the seismic elements (bearing walls 12) on the upper and lower floors. In the present embodiment, the number of the load-bearing walls 12 is set so that the second floor is larger than the first floor (in some cases, the number of the load-bearing walls 12 is the same for the second floor and the first floor. You may set more than the second floor.)

(2) In the building 10, the joint portion and the like are sufficiently strong with respect to the load bearing wall 12 so that the portion that collapses (plastically deforms) by the earthquake can be limited to the load bearing wall 12.

(3) By computer simulation, based on the position of the center of gravity G of the building 10 and the position of the rigid center H, an order in which the plurality of bearing walls 12 are likely to collapse in the building 10 during the earthquake is assigned in advance. The set upper several bearing walls 12 are stored in the diagnostic device 24.

(4) The bearing wall 12 is assumed to have a yielding hinge 22 so that the collapsing portion can be limited locally.

(5) A strain gauge 26 is affixed to the yielding hinge 22 that breaks (plastically deforms) first in the bearing wall 12 specified in (3), and each strain gauge 26 is connected to the diagnostic device 24. Then, the strain gauge 26 and the bearing wall 12 are associated with each other and stored in the diagnostic device 24.
The diagnostic device 24 stores a strain value corresponding to the elastic limit of the yield hinge 22, that is, an upper limit value.

(6) Next, the operation of the diagnostic device 24 when an earthquake occurs will be described.
First, the strain value of the yield hinge 22 is constantly monitored by the diagnostic device 24 as in the first embodiment, and after the earthquake, the strain value of each yield hinge 22 and the strain value stored in advance are stored. Comparison with the upper limit value is performed, and a determination as to whether the yielding hinge 22 is elastically deformed or plastically deformed is performed on the plurality of bearing walls 12 stored in advance.

  The diagnosis device 24 makes the above determination for each load-bearing wall. For example, when there is a load-bearing wall 12 that is plastically deformed, it can be seen from the display 42 which load-bearing wall 12 is plastically deformed. The diagnosis result is displayed on the display 42 together with the number and position information of the bearing wall 12. For example, “the bearing walls from No. 1 to No. ○ need to be repaired” and “the No. bearing walls need to be repaired” can be raised as the display contents, but other messages may be displayed.

  In addition, when there are a plurality of collapsed load bearing walls 12, it may be assumed that the building 10 cannot withstand aftershocks after a large earthquake, so the number of load bearing walls 12 exceeding the preset upper limit number of collapses has collapsed. If it is determined that an emergency has occurred, the warning device 48 issues a warning so as to inform the resident of the building 10 of an urgent evacuation. You can also.

[Other Embodiments]
In the above-described embodiment, the bearing wall has been described as an example of the earthquake-resistant element. However, the earthquake-resistant element has a conventional structure other than the load-bearing wall as long as a part that can identify a location that collapses (plastic deformation) such as a yield hinge can be specified. It may be of a known configuration.

In the above embodiment, the yield hinge 22 is provided inside the load bearing wall 12 so that the location of the load bearing wall 12 that collapses at the time of the earthquake can be specified. 22 is not necessary, and another configuration may be adopted instead of the yielding hinge 22.
For example, a part of the member constituting the seismic element is made thin or thin so that the rigidity of the part of the member is set low, and the part having the reduced rigidity is configured to be easily plastically deformed. Also good.

  In the above embodiment, when warning is given, the warning device 48 blinks red light. However, the color of the light may be changed according to the magnitude of plastic deformation. For example, if the building 10 cannot withstand an aftershock after a major earthquake, a red light flashes and a warning is sent with a siren to prompt evacuation from the room. As long as 10 can withstand, a plurality of warning levels may be set according to the state of the load-bearing wall (seismic element) 12, such as blinking yellow light.

  In addition, since a power failure is expected due to an earthquake, the diagnostic device 24 may be provided with a backup power source (battery or the like).

  In the above embodiment, the strain gauge 26 as a plastic deformation measuring device is used for the diagnosis (measurement of strain) of the bearing wall 12, but a sensor other than the strain gauge 26 is used as long as the strain (deformation) can be measured. May be.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, although only the distortion of the bearing wall 12 was measured, the distortion of parts other than the bearing wall 12 can also be measured using the function of the diagnostic apparatus 24. FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the strain gauge 26 may be attached to the non-bearing wall 54 and the strain of the non-bearing wall 54 may be measured simultaneously. Thereby, it is possible to grasp not only the bearing wall 12 but also the degree of deformation (damage) of the non-bearing wall 54.
The strain gauge 26 may be attached to other structural members such as columns and beams, and may measure the distortion of other structural members such as columns and beams. You may transmit to the computer 52.

In the first embodiment, the strain gauge 26 is attached to the portion indicated by the arrow A of the load bearing wall 12 on the first floor, and the load bearing wall 12 to which the strain gauge 26 is attached is used as the reference seismic element. The bearing wall 12 as an element is not limited to being set on the first floor, and if the building 10 has two or more floors, it may be set on any floor of two or more floors.
For example, in the case of a two-story building as shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 is designed so that the load-bearing wall 12 (reference seismic element) that is most likely to collapse during an earthquake is the one on the second floor, and is most likely to collapse during an earthquake. You may make it attach the strain gauge 26 to the load-bearing wall 12 (arrow B part) of the 2nd floor.

It is a front view of the building concerning a 1st embodiment which shows the position of a bearing wall. It is a top view which shows the outline of the building which shows the position of a bearing wall, the position of a gravity center, and a rigid position. It is a front view of a bearing wall. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of the load bearing wall shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the bearing wall shown in FIG. 3 taken along line 5-5. It is a block diagram showing a schematic structure of a diagnostic device concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the diagnostic apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a front view which shows schematic structure of the building which concerns on other embodiment.

10 Buildings 12 Bearing walls (seismic elements)
22 Yield hinge 24 Diagnostic device 26 Strain gauge (plastic deformation measuring device)
42 Display 48 Warning device G Center of gravity H Rigidity

Claims (10)

A building with multiple seismic elements,
A building in which at least one of a plurality of seismic elements is set as a reference seismic element serving as a reference for diagnosis, and a diagnostic unit capable of diagnosing the state of the reference seismic element is provided in the reference seismic element serving as a reference.   The building according to claim 1, wherein the building is constructed of two or more stories, and the reference seismic element is provided on at least one of the stories. The reference seismic element comprises a yield hinge;
The building according to claim 1, wherein the diagnosis unit is attached to the yield hinge.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diagnostic means includes a plastic deformation measuring device capable of measuring distortion of the reference seismic element.   The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising notification means for notifying a diagnosis result of the reference seismic element based on a diagnosis result by the diagnosis means.   The building according to claim 5, wherein the notification unit distinguishes and notifies whether the deformation of the reference seismic element is an elastic region or a plastic region based on a diagnosis result by the diagnosis unit.   Warning means for issuing a warning when it is determined that the reference seismic element is plastically deformed and the strain value of the reference seismic element is greater than or equal to a preset upper limit value based on a diagnosis result by the diagnosis means. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:   The building according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the reference seismic elements are provided.   In the building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, based on the relative positional relationship between the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the position of the plurality of seismic elements, A seismic element selection method for selecting the reference seismic element.   The building according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of the reference seismic elements are based on a relative positional relationship between at least one of the position of the center of gravity and the position of the rigid center of the building and the positions of the plurality of seismic elements. A seismic element selection method that determines the order in which earthquakes are likely to collapse.

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