JP2011106227A - Opening/closing device of vehicle door - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening/closing device of a vehicle door assuring convenience in manual opening/closing operation of a back door while suppressing increase in the number of parts and suppressing upsizing of the entire device. <P>SOLUTION: The opening/closing device of the vehicle door includes a hollow housing 21 rotatably connected to the back door, a drive shaft 24 rotated and driven by an electric motor 22, a moving pipe 13 rotatably connected to a vehicle body, and a drive body 14 housed in the moving pipe 13 and engaged with the drive shaft 24 (engaging teeth 24a). The drive body 14 converts rotational movements of the drive shaft 24 into linear movements by screw action and moves the drive shaft 24 back and forth inside the moving pipe 13. The drive body 14 is pushed by the drive shaft 24 in the axial direction and is elastically deformed in the direction of the diameter to allow the drive shaft 24 to move back and force in the moving pipe 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle door opening and closing device.

  Conventionally, various types of vehicle door opening / closing devices have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, an electric motor (21) and a speed reducer (20) are provided in a hollow housing (1), and rotational movement is performed via a screw mechanism including a screw spindle (8) and a spindle nut (9). The back door (bounce flap) is driven to open and close by converting it into a linear motion. Similarly, Patent Document 2 also includes an electric motor (12) and a speed reducer (13) in a hollow housing (11), and a screw mechanism including a screw spindle (14a) and a spindle nut (17). The back door is opened and closed by converting the rotary motion into a straight motion.

JP 2007-10146 A JP 2002-331837 A

  By the way, in patent document 1, it is necessary to provide the clutch (7) which connects / disconnects the power transmission between a reduction gear and a screw spindle so that the opening / closing operation of a back door by manual operation can be performed lightly, and the number of parts must be increased. Is done. Further, when the clutch is arranged coaxially in the hollow housing, the entire arrangement becomes longer in the axial direction by the arrangement space. On the other hand, Patent Document 2 does not assume a manual opening / closing operation of the back door. For example, when the electric motor is out of order, the convenience of the back door is disabled. Become.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle door opening / closing device capable of ensuring the convenience of opening / closing operation of a back door by manual operation while suppressing an increase in the number of parts and an increase in size of the entire device. .

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a first housing that is rotatably connected to either the vehicle body or the back door, and a screw shaft that is rotationally driven by an electric drive source. A second housing rotatably connected to one of the vehicle body and the back door, and is housed in the second housing and engages with the screw shaft to effect the rotational movement of the screw shaft. The screw shaft is advanced and retracted in the second housing by being converted into a linear motion in the radial direction so that the screw shaft is pressed in the axial direction by the screw shaft and allowed to advance and retract in the second housing. The gist is provided with a nut member that is elastically deformed.

  According to this configuration, the rotational movement of the screw shaft that is rotationally driven by the electrical drive source is converted into a linear motion by the engagement of the screw shaft and the nut member. The screw shaft is advanced and retracted, the distance between the first and second housings connected to the vehicle body and the back door is expanded and contracted, and the back door is driven to open and close. On the other hand, when the nut member is pressed in the axial direction by the screw shaft in order to open and close the back door by manual operation, the nut member elastically deforms in the radial direction, thereby the screw in the second housing. The axis can be advanced or retracted. Thereby, the opening / closing operation | movement of the back door by manual operation is attained. In this way, for example, the back door can be opened and closed manually without providing a clutch for connecting and disconnecting power transmission, and therefore, the increase in the number of parts and the increase in size of the entire apparatus can be suppressed.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle door opening and closing device according to the first aspect, the nut member is a coil spring, and the axial length per turn of the coil spring is the screw. The gist of the present invention is that it matches the pitch of the shaft or an integral multiple of the pitch of the screw shaft.

  According to this configuration, the nut member is a coil spring having a length in the axial direction per winding that is equal to the pitch of the screw shaft or an integral multiple of the pitch of the screw shaft. Although it is deformable, the engagement state with the screw shaft can be firmly maintained.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle door opening and closing device according to the second aspect, the nut member has an uneven shape that matches a pitch of the screw shaft or an integer multiple of the pitch of the screw shaft. The gist is that a cylindrical interposed plate interposed between the screw shaft and the screw shaft is mounted.

  According to this configuration, since the interposed plate is interposed between the screw shaft and the nut member, for example, the friction force of the friction material applied to the surface of the interposed plate on the screw shaft side. By adjusting, the holding force of the screw shaft and the nut member in the engaged state can be easily adjusted. Further, since the friction material is applied only on one side surface (surface on the screw shaft side) of the interposed plate, the consumption amount of the friction material can be reduced.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the vehicle door opening and closing device according to any one of the first to third aspects, the second end of the screw shaft that moves forward and backward in the second housing is provided. The gist of the present invention is to provide a buffer member elastically contacting the inner wall surface of the housing.

  According to this configuration, the buffer member elastically contacts the inner wall surface of the second housing, so that it is possible to suppress the shake of the linear motion of the second housing with respect to the screw shaft.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vehicle door opening / closing device that can ensure the convenience of the opening / closing operation of the back door by manual operation while suppressing an increase in the number of parts and an increase in size of the entire device.

(A) (b) (c) is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. (A) and (b) are perspective views which show a drive body. The side view which shows the rear part of a vehicle. The perspective view which shows the manufacture aspect of a drive body. The top view and perspective view which show a part of drive shaft. (A) (b) is sectional drawing which shows operation | movement of the embodiment. The top view and perspective view which show the deformation | transformation form of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a rear portion of the vehicle 1 to which the present invention is applied. As shown in the figure, a back door 3 is attached to the rear portion of the vehicle body 2 through a door hinge 2a provided on the upper portion thereof so as to be freely opened and closed. A door drive unit 10 extending in the vehicle height direction is connected to the vehicle body 2 and the back door 3. The door drive unit 10 includes a lower member 11 that is rotatably connected to the back door 3 at a fixing element 11a, and an upper member 12 that is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 2 at a fixing element 12a. The door drive unit 10 opens the back door 3 by extending the distance between the lower member 11 and the upper member 12 (fixing elements 11a, 12a), and closes the back door 3 by shortening the distance. To drive.

  FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view showing the door drive unit 10. FIG. 1B is an enlarged view showing an engaging portion (range Z in FIG. 1A) of the lower member 11 and the upper member 12, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a pitch circle position in an engaging portion of an upper member 12.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the lower member 11 includes a bottomed substantially cylindrical moving tube 13 as a second housing provided integrally with the fixed element 11a. The opening end of the moving tube 13 is expanded through a step 13a to form a support portion 13b. The drive body 14 is fixed to the support portion 13b so as not to rotate. As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the drive body 14 includes a substantially cylindrical holder 15 having an outer diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the support portion 13b and fixed to the support portion 13b. A coil spring 16 as a nut member fixed to the holder 15 so as not to move in the axial direction and to be non-rotatable, and a substantially cylindrical roll plate 17 as an interposed plate around which the coil spring 16 is wound. Prepare. The coil spring 16 is held by the holder 15 in a state compressed in the axial direction, and the axial length ΔL per winding thereof is set to be constant. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the roll plate 17 has grooves with an even number (“2” in this embodiment) that are uneven with a pitch p that matches half of the length ΔL (= ΔL / 2). The cut plate PL is rounded into a substantially cylindrical shape. Therefore, the roll plate 17 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction when both edge portions of the grooving plate PL overlap along the unevenness. Needless to say, the roll plate 17 is uneven with the pitch p, that is, has a tooth groove with the pitch p. A projecting portion 13c extending in the longitudinal direction at a predetermined angular position is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the moving tube 13.

  On the other hand, the upper member 12 is provided with a covered hollow cylindrical hollow housing 21 as a first housing provided integrally with the fixing element 12a. The hollow housing 21 accommodates and fixes an electric motor 22 as an electric drive source, and accommodates a speed reducer 23 connected to the output shaft of the electric motor 22. A rod-shaped drive shaft 24 as a screw shaft protruding from the hollow housing 21 is connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer 23. The electric motor 22, the speed reducer 23, and the drive shaft 24 constitute a rotation drive unit.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the drive shaft 24 has a plurality of engagement teeth 24 a that are intermittently engraved in the axial direction at intervals equivalent to the pitch p of the roll plate 17. These engaging teeth 24a are arranged in a pair symmetrically on both sides in the radial direction of the drive shaft 24, and are arranged in parallel in the orthogonal direction (tangential direction) of the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2B, the engagement teeth 24 a on both sides in the radial direction of the drive shaft 24 are fitted in the recesses of the roll plate 17 having the number of strips “2”. That is, the roll plate 17 forms a tooth groove that engages (engages) with the engaging teeth 24a along the lead angle by the wavy unevenness. Each engaging tooth 24a is subjected to a crowning (chamfering) process for facilitating the engagement with the roll plate 17.

  A substantially cylindrical hollow housing 25 having an outer diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the hollow housing 21 and an inner diameter equivalent to the outer diameter of the support portion 13b is fixed to the open end of the hollow housing 21. A substantially cylindrical guide wall 25a having an inner diameter equivalent to the outer diameter of the moving tube 13 is formed at the lower end portion of the hollow housing 25, and at the angular position corresponding to the protrusion 13c, It has the guide groove 25b fitted so that it can move. Therefore, the hollow housing 25 is movable relative to the moving tube 13 in the axial direction in such a manner that the guide groove 25b is guided by the protrusion 13c.

  Further, a bush 26 as a disk-shaped buffer member having an outer diameter equivalent to the inner diameter of the moving tube 13 is fixed to the lower end of the drive shaft 24. Therefore, the drive shaft 24 is movable in the axial direction relative to the moving tube 13 in such a manner that the bush 26 is guided to the inner peripheral surface of the moving tube 13. At this time, the bush 26 suppresses the swing of the linear motion of the moving tube 13 relative to the drive shaft 24.

  6A, when the drive shaft 24 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 22, the engagement teeth 24a bend the roll plate 17 and the coil spring 16 and roll the roll. The rotational motion is converted into a linear motion by the screw action between the plate 17 and the like. The lower member 11 and the upper member 12 are guided by the bush 26 on the inner peripheral surface of the moving tube 13 and the guide groove 25b by the protrusion 13c, so that the lower member 11 and the upper member 12 ( The distance between the fixing elements 11a, 12a) is expanded or contracted. Then, the back door 3 is driven to open and close.

  Further, for example, when a load is applied to push down the back door 3 in order to close the back door 3 in the open state of the back door 3, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the drive shaft 24 (engaging teeth 24a) While the roll plate 17 and the coil spring 16 that are pressed in the axial direction are elastically deformed in the radial direction, the operation in which the engaging teeth 24a slide on the roll plate 17 (unevenness) is sequentially repeated to drive in the movable tube 13. The shaft 24 is allowed to advance and retract. Thereby, closing operation of the back door 3 by manual operation is attained. When the load on the back door 3 is released, the coil spring 16 and the like are elastically restored to tighten the drive shaft 24 and hold the drive shaft 24 again. The same applies to the opening operation of the back door 3 by manual operation.

As described above in detail, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this embodiment, the drive shaft 24 and the roll plate 17 (coil spring 16) are engaged so that the rotational motion of the drive shaft 24 that is rotationally driven by the electric motor 22 is converted into a linear motion. The drive shaft 24 is advanced and retracted in the pipe 13, the distance between the movable pipe 13 connected to the vehicle body 2 and the back door 3 and the hollow housings 21 and 25 is expanded and contracted, and the back door 3 is driven to open and close. On the other hand, when the roll plate 17 and the coil spring 16 are pressed in the axial direction by the drive shaft 24 (engagement teeth 24a) to open and close the back door 3 manually, the roll plate 17 and the like are elastically deformed in the radial direction. Thus, the drive shaft 24 is allowed to advance and retract within the movable tube 13. Thereby, the opening / closing operation | movement of the back door 3 by manual operation is attained. Thus, for example, the back door 3 can be manually opened and closed without providing a clutch for connecting / disconnecting power transmission, so that an increase in the number of parts and an increase in the size of the entire apparatus can be suppressed. And since the number of parts is small, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(2) In the present embodiment, the coil spring 16 can be elastically deformed in the radial direction, but can firmly hold the engagement state with the drive shaft 24.
(3) In the present embodiment, the roll plate 17 is interposed between the drive shaft 24 and the coil spring 16 so that, for example, the friction of the friction material applied to the surface of the roll plate 17 on the drive shaft 24 side. By adjusting the force, the holding force of the drive shaft 24 and the roll plate 17 in the engaged state can be easily adjusted. Further, since the friction material is applied only on one side surface (the surface on the drive shaft 24 side) of the roll plate 17, the consumption amount of the friction material can be reduced.

(4) In this embodiment, the bush 26 is elastically contacted with the inner wall surface of the moving tube 13, so that the swing of the linear movement of the moving tube 13 relative to the drive shaft 24 can be suppressed.
(5) In the present embodiment, when a so-called general-purpose male screw is formed by projecting the engagement teeth 24a of the drive shaft 24 that engages the drive body 14 (nut member) symmetrically on both sides in the radial direction. Thus, it is possible to perform inexpensive press working using a pair of molds that are cracked on both sides in the radial direction from which the engagement teeth 24a protrude. On the other hand, the roll plate 17 of the driving body 14 can also be formed by rounding the grooving plate PL by inexpensive press processing into a substantially cylindrical shape.

  (6) In this embodiment, although the drive body 14, the electric motor 22, the speed reducer 23, and the like are arranged in series in the hollow housings 21 and 25, the space for the clutch is not required, so that the space is limited. More strokes (elongation allowance) of the drive shaft 24 (between the fixed elements 11a and 12a) can be secured.

  (7) In the present embodiment, the coil spring 16 and the roll plate 17 are provided with elasticity in the radial direction, so that variations in accuracy of the drive body 14 or the drive shaft 24 can be absorbed. The load can be reduced.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
As shown in FIG. 7, it may be a drive shaft 31 in which four engaging teeth 31a protruding radially outward at approximately 90 ° intervals are intermittently engraved in the axial direction. In this case, by adopting a roll plate having a number of strips of “4” or a common multiple thereof, each of the four engagement teeth 31a is fitted into each recess of the roll plate. In this case, the load per tooth of the engagement tooth 31a can be reduced.

In the embodiment, the axial length ΔL per winding of the coil spring 16 may be the pitch p of the drive shaft (screw shaft) or an integral multiple thereof.
-In the said embodiment, the roll plate 17 should just exhibit the uneven | corrugated shape which corresponds to the pitch p of the drive shaft (screw shaft) or its integral multiple.

  In the above-described embodiment, the roll plate 17 may be omitted, and the drive shaft 24 (engagement tooth 24a) may be engaged only with the coil spring 16. Alternatively, if a sufficient holding force can be obtained, the coil spring 16 may be omitted, and the drive shaft 24 (engagement tooth 24a) may be engaged only by the roll plate 17.

-In the said embodiment, you may interpose the appropriate damper (coil spring etc.) which assists or buffers the relative movement to the axial direction of this drive shaft 24 between the movement pipe | tube 13 and the drive shaft 24. FIG.
In the embodiment, the fixing element 12a (hollow housing 21 or the like) may be connected to the back door 3, and the fixing element 11a (moving tube 13 or the like) may be connected to the vehicle body 2.

  In the embodiment, the shapes of the engagement teeth 24a and 31a of the drive shafts 24 and 31 may be different at the positions in the axial direction. Thereby, according to the opening / closing position of the back door 3, the opening / closing operation force of the back door by manual operation can be changed. For example, at the position where the operating force increases (near the fully closed position of the door during the closing operation), the tooth groove shape of the drive body 14 (roll plate 17 and the like) is not changed, and only the protruding lengths of the engaging teeth 24a and 31a are changed. When the tooth profile is reduced and the tooth profile is reduced, the closing operation can be performed with a weak operating force.

Next, the technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment and other examples will be described below.
In the vehicle door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The screw shaft is intermittently engraved in the axial direction at intervals equal to the pitch of the nut members, and has a plurality of engaging teeth parallel to a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Switchgear.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Vehicle body, 3 ... Back door, 13 ... Moving pipe (2nd housing), 14 ... Drive body (nut member), 16 ... Coil spring (nut member), 17 ... Roll plate (interposition plate), 21 ... Hollow Housing (first housing), 22 ... Electric motor (electric drive source), 23 ... Reducer, 24 ... Drive shaft (screw shaft), 26 ... Bush (buffer member).

Claims (4)

A first housing rotatably connected to either the vehicle body or the back door;
A screw shaft that is rotationally driven by an electrical drive source;
A second housing rotatably connected to either the vehicle body or the back door;
It is accommodated in the second housing, engages with the screw shaft, converts the rotational movement of the screw shaft into a linear motion by a screw action, advances and retreats the screw shaft in the second housing, and shafts by the screw shaft And a nut member that is elastically deformed in a radial direction so as to allow the screw shaft to advance and retract in the second housing. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 1,
The nut member is a coil spring, and the length of the coil spring in the axial direction per turn coincides with the pitch of the screw shaft or an integral multiple of the pitch of the screw shaft. Door opener. The vehicle door opening and closing device according to claim 2,
The nut member has a concave and convex shape that matches the pitch of the screw shaft or an integral multiple of the pitch of the screw shaft, and is mounted with a cylindrical interposed plate interposed between the screw shaft and the nut member. A door opening and closing device for a vehicle. In the vehicle door opening and closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A vehicular door opening and closing device comprising a buffer member provided at a distal end portion of the screw shaft that advances and retreats in the second housing and elastically contacts an inner wall surface of the second housing.

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