JP2011099615A - Instant heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To instantaneously heat water, and to prevent a backflow caused by expansion during heating. <P>SOLUTION: The instant heating device 1 is provided with a hollow tube 4 opened at both ends, and a heat transfer coil 46 provided at an outer circumference of the hollow tube 4, and water injected from a first end 41 of the hollow tube 4 is heated by the heat transfer coil 46 and discharged as water vapor 52 from a second end 42 being the other end side. The water 51 injected from the first end 41 is raised by using a capillary phenomenon in a narrow part 43. A tapered part 45 is provided above the narrow part 43, and evaporation is carried out from a raised portion of the water 51 via the heat transfer coil 46 provided higher than the tapered part 45. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an instantaneous heating apparatus capable of instantaneously evaporating water.

  In recent years, apparatuses that instantaneously evaporate water are used in various fields. For example, in the field related to household cooking utensils, a steam oven is used in which heated steam is sprayed onto food to allow cooking, and in the field related to sterilization and cleaning, high-temperature steam is sprayed at high pressure. In the field of industrial supplies, a steam cleaner that can sterilize and clean an object, and a drive device that can drive a turbine or the like using steam pressure are used.

  In general, such an apparatus is one in which water is injected into a water guide passage and heated using a heating coil or the like while the water flows through the water guide passage. The water vapor is jetted out.

  By the way, when water is converted into water vapor in the water guide passage in this way, the water expands to about 1500 times to 2000 times, and the water in the water guide passage is pushed back by the expansion pressure. In view of this, an apparatus has been proposed in which the backflow due to the expansion is prevented so that water can be efficiently heated.

  For example, in Patent Document 1 below, as an instantaneous heating device that prevents backflow of water, as shown in FIG. 7, a hollow tube 61 having an inner diameter set to about 7 to 8 mm, and the hollow tube 61 An apparatus comprising an insert having a spiral fin inserted inside and a heating coil wound around the outer periphery of the hollow tube, wherein the pitch of the spiral fin is gradually increased. Thus, an apparatus has been proposed in which when water injected from one side is heated by the heat transfer coil 64, it does not flow backward due to the expansion of the water.

JP 2004-457695 A

  However, the apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has the following problems. That is, since the hollow tube 61 has an inner diameter of about 7 to 8 mm, it is instantaneously heated at the portion in contact with the inner wall of the hollow tube 61, but at the inner central portion, Heating is delayed because the distance is long. For this reason, it does not become 100 degreeC or more water vapor | steam until the whole reaches a boiling point, and water cannot be efficiently made into hot steam. In addition, in order to make it possible to quickly heat the central portion, if the inner diameter of the hollow tube 61 is made small, the insert 63 having the fins 62 cannot be inserted, and backflow due to expansion is prevented. Can not do. Furthermore, in the state where the spiral fins 62 are inserted, when the water vapor is ejected, the water vapor ejection speed along the axial direction of the pipe is reduced, and the ejection speed is required like a steam oven or a steam cleaner. There is also a problem that it cannot be used in certain fields.

  Accordingly, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has an object to provide an instantaneous heating apparatus that can instantaneously heat water and prevent backflow due to expansion during heating.

  That is, in order to solve the above problems, the instantaneous heating device of the present invention includes a hollow tube having both ends opened, and heat transfer means provided on the outer periphery of the hollow tube. In the instantaneous heating device that heats the liquid injected from one end with heat transfer means and discharges it as water vapor from the second end on the other end side, the liquid injected from the first end is capillary action And a tapered portion having an inner diameter that gradually increases from the upper end of the narrowed portion toward the second end, and the heat transfer means is provided above the tapered portion. It is.

  In this way, the liquid that has risen due to the capillary phenomenon can be heated by being expanded at the tapered portion, so that the area existing in the central portion of the tube can be reduced and the liquid can be instantaneously heated from the peripheral portion. . In addition, since one end side is very thin with a capillary and the other end side is widened with a tapered portion, it is possible to prevent the backflow of liquid even when heated and expanded.

  In such an invention, preferably, a hollow tube having a concavo-convex portion in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is used.

  If the uneven portion is provided in this manner, the contact area between the inner wall of the hollow tube and the liquid can be increased, and heating from the wall surface can be performed more efficiently.

  Further, for a hollow tube provided with heat transfer means on the outer periphery, similarly, a hollow tube having a narrow portion and a tapered portion, and adjacent to the hollow tube having no heat transfer means on the outer periphery. To be provided.

  In this way, heat can be received from the heat transfer means of the hollow tubes provided adjacent to each other so that water can be heated without providing heat transfer means for all the hollow tubes. Become.

  According to the present invention, the liquid that has risen due to the capillary phenomenon can be heated by being spread at the tapered portion, so that the area existing in the central portion of the tube can be reduced and the liquid can be instantaneously heated from the peripheral portion. It becomes like this. In addition, since one end side is very thin with a capillary and the other end side is widened with a tapered portion, it is possible to prevent the backflow of liquid even when heated and expanded.

The figure which shows the cross section of the hollow tube which shows one embodiment of this invention Sectional view in FIG. The figure which shows the state of the inner wall and the liquid in the embodiment Schematic of instantaneous heating device with hollow tube attached in the same form The figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the hollow tube in the same form The figure which shows arrangement | positioning of the hollow tube in the same form The figure which shows the instantaneous heating apparatus in a prior art example

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 4 which is an overall schematic diagram, the instantaneous heating device 1 in this embodiment has a box-shaped storage unit 2 capable of storing water 51 and a box-like shape attached to the upper part of the storage unit 2. And a plurality of hollow tubes 4 are provided inside the heating unit 3, and the first end 41 of the hollow tube 4 is used as the water 51 of the storage unit 2. The water 51 is sucked up by capillarity by contact. Then, the water 51 sucked up by the capillary action is spread by the taper portion 45 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 3), the heat transfer coil 46 provided around it is provided, and the sucked-up water 51 is heated to make the second It is made possible to discharge as water vapor 52 from the end portion 42. Hereinafter, the instantaneous heating device 1 in the present embodiment will be described in detail.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4, the storage unit 2 is configured to inject water 51 from an externally connected water 51 pipe and to store a certain amount of the water 51. Even if it is inclined or falls, the water 51 is sealed so as not to be discharged to the outside. The first end 41, which is the lower end of the hollow tube 4, is brought into contact with the water 51, and when the water 51 is discharged as the water vapor 52, water corresponding to the discharged water is supplied to the reservoir 2. To do. In the case of supplying this water, a water 51 level sensor and a pressure sensor are provided in the storage unit 2, and when the water 51 level falls below the reference value or when the pressure in the storage unit 2 decreases, Water 51 is newly injected so that the first end 41 is always in contact with the water 51.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the heating unit 3 attached above the storage unit 2 includes a hollow tube 4 (hereinafter referred to as a coiled hollow tube 4a) in which a heat transfer coil 46 is wound around the outer periphery, A plurality of hollow tubes 4 around which coils 46 are not wound (hereinafter referred to as coilless hollow tubes 4b) are provided in close contact with each other, and water 51 is pumped from the first end 41 of the hollow tube 4, The water vapor 52 is ejected from the second end portion 42 which is the other end side. When these hollow tubes 4 are in close contact with each other, only the coiled hollow tube 4a is disposed around the coilless hollow tube 4b, and the coilless hollow tube 4b and the coilless hollow tube 4b are not adjacent to each other. ing. As such an arrangement method, as shown in FIG. 5, only the coiled hollow tubes 4a are arranged in the first row, and the coiled hollow tubes 4a and the coilless hollow tubes 4b are alternately arranged in the second row. Array. Then, by alternately repeating the first row and the second row, the eight surroundings of the coilless hollow tube 4b are made into a coiled hollow tube 4a so that heat can be received from the coiled hollow tube 4a. At this time, since a gap is formed between the coilless hollow tube 4b and the heat transfer coil 46 that is diagonally diagonal, the arrangement may be as shown in FIG. In the arrangement of FIG. 6, only the coiled hollow tubes 4a are provided in the first row, and the coiled hollow tubes 4a and the coilless hollow tubes 4b are alternately arranged in the second row. It is arranged in each valley. Similarly, by alternately repeating the first row and the second row, the heat transfer coils of the coiled hollow tube 4a are brought into close contact with each other, and the water 51 is changed to the water vapor 52 by the heat.

  The structure of each of these hollow tubes 4 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. The first end 41 that is the lower end side of the hollow tube 4 is the second end 42 on the opposite side. The inner diameter is made smaller than that of the first end 41 so that the water 51 can be pumped up by capillary action. For example, the inner diameter is set to about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. And when pumping up the water 51 from this 1st end part 41, while providing the narrow part 43 with a small internal diameter continuous from the 1st end part 41, Furthermore, in order to raise the efficiency of the capillary phenomenon, a narrow part Asperity 44 as shown in FIG. 2 (a) is provided on the inner wall portion of 43, so that the water 51 is raised higher. About this unevenness | corrugation 44, you may provide so that a recessed part and a convex part may be alternately formed in a cross section perpendicular | vertical to an axial direction, or as shown in FIG.2 (b), the thin fin 44a along an axial direction etc. May be provided.

  The inner diameter of the first end portion 41 and the narrow portion 43 is such that the water 51 can be raised to at least the tapered portion 45 that is the upper end of the narrow portion 43 when the hollow tube 4 is erected vertically. Set to dimensions. About the rising height of this water 51, when it assumes that the unevenness | corrugation 44 is not provided in the inner wall, it has the following relationship.

<Equation 1>
h = 2Tcosθ / rgρ
h: height at which the liquid rises T: surface tension r: inner radius of the first end portion 41 and the narrow portion 43 g: gravitational acceleration ρ: density of the liquid

That is, the rising height of the liquid is as follows when the glass tube is used at a position of 0 m above sea level.
Inner diameter of glass tube (2r) = 0.1 mm h = about 28 cm
Inner diameter of glass tube (2r) = 0.2 mm h = about 14 cm
Inner diameter of glass tube (2r) = 0.3 mm h = about 9 cm

  These values are values when the narrow portion 43 does not have the unevenness 44, and when the narrow portion 43 is provided with the unevenness 44, the value of r becomes small, so that the water rises even higher. become.

  The tapered portion 45 provided at the upper end of the narrow portion 43 is set so as to gradually increase the inner diameter toward the upper side, and the flow of the water vapor 52 due to the expansion of the water 51 is set on the second end portion 42 side. In addition to increasing the contact area between the water 51 pumped up from the narrow portion 43 and the inner wall, the water 51 is instantaneously changed to water vapor 52 from the portion in contact with the wall surface as shown in the right enlarged view of FIG. I am trying to let you. That is, if this tapered portion 45 is not provided (that is, if the inner diameters are all the same), only the inner wall and the contact portion where the surface tension acts are heated, and the amount of water 51 that changes into the water vapor 52 is reduced. Therefore, a larger amount of water 51 can be changed to water vapor 52 by increasing the area of the portion where the surface tension acts. About this taper part 45, similarly to the narrow part 43, the unevenness | corrugation 44 which continues from the narrow part 43 is provided in the inner wall, and the area which surface tension acts also by this unevenness 44 is enlarged. Thus, when the unevenness 44 is provided also on the tapered portion 45 side, the portion rising to the wall surface side by the surface tension can be increased, and thereby evaporation from the portion can be promoted.

  When forming such a hollow tube 4, it forms with the following method. Here, a case where the hollow tube 4 is formed of ceramic in consideration of insulation, heat resistance, thermal expansion change, and the like during heating will be described.

  First, when forming the ceramic hollow tube 4, ceramic powder is put into a cylindrical mold, and a needle-like member (not shown) is attached along the central axis. This needle-shaped member is configured in a needle shape that forms a narrow portion 43, an unevenness 44, and a tapered portion 45 on the central axis of the hollow tube 4, and can be pressurized while being inserted into the central axis. I have to. And after pressurizing the whole type | mold with this acicular member put, while taking out an acicular member from the type | mold, a ceramic raw material is taken out from a cylindrical type | mold, and it heats to high temperature in a furnace. Then, the ceramic powder is melted by this heating and becomes a ceramic solid, and the whole contracts. Thereby, the hollow tube 4 having a small inner diameter is formed. Next, after forming the hollow tube 4 in this way, the outer peripheral portion is polished or ground to reduce the thickness, and the outer dimensions are about 0.5 mm and the inner diameter is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. Tube 4 is formed.

  A heat transfer coil 46 is wound around the hollow tube 4 thus formed. The heat transfer coil 46 can supply heat from the outer peripheral portion of the hollow tube 4 by flowing an electric current, and is a portion excluding the narrow portion 43 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. Provided above the tapered portion 45. As a result, the water 51 spreading at the taper portion 45 is instantaneously evaporated, and the water vapor 52 vaporized in the vicinity of the taper portion 45 is jetted to the second end portion 42 side. When the hollow tube 4 is heated by the heat transfer coil 46, the inner diameter of the hollow tube 4 is expanded due to thermal expansion. However, since the heat transfer coil is wound above the tapered portion 45, the narrow portion 43. The inner diameter of the is no longer spread. Thereby, the rising height of the water 51 by capillary action is securable. In this embodiment, the heat transfer coil 46 is provided and heated from the outer peripheral portion. However, the heat transfer coil 46 is not required, and the hollow tube 4 may be heated by another heating element. Good. Further, when the heat transfer coil 46 is wound, a conductive wire is connected to the plurality of hollow tubes 4 in parallel or in series. Preferably, the heat transfer coil 46 is connected in series, thereby reducing the number of conductive wire connections. To make it smaller.

  The plurality of hollow tubes 4 around which the heat transfer coil 46 is wound and the plurality of hollow tubes 4 around which the heat transfer coil 46 is not wound are provided in a box-shaped overheating portion, and in this state, an inert gas is contained in the box. Is to be sealed. By enclosing the inert gas in this way, even when the heat transfer coil is heated to a high temperature, the heat transfer coil 46 is prevented from being broken, and the instantaneous heating device 1 is used for a long time. To be allowed to.

  Next, the operation in the case where the water 51 is jetted as the water vapor 52 at a high temperature using the thus configured instantaneous heating device 1 will be described.

  First, when water 51 is used as a liquid to be heated, the water 51 is supplied to the reservoir 2 so that the first end 41 of the hollow tube 4 is in contact with the water 51. Then, after the first end portion 41 is brought into contact with the water 51 in this way, the supply of the water 51 is stopped by reaching a constant water 51 level or pressure.

  When the first end portion 41 is brought into contact with the water 51 in this way, the water 51 enters the hollow tube 4 from the first end portion 41 and rises due to a capillary phenomenon by the narrow portion 43. The raised water 51 stops almost in the vicinity of the inner wall of the tapered portion 45, and the surface of the water 51 is raised by surface tension along the unevenness 44 of the inner wall.

  When a current is passed through the heat transfer coil 46 in such a state, the upper part of the taper part 45 is heated via the outer peripheral part of the hollow tube 4 and instantaneously from the surface of the water 51 rising on the inner wall of the taper part 45. It will evaporate. The evaporated water vapor 52 is ejected upward from the tapered portion 45 and is ejected to the outside from the second end portion 42.

  On the other hand, for the hollow tube 4 that does not have the heat transfer coil 46, heat is received from the heat transfer coil 46 of the adjacent hollow tube 4, and similarly, the water 51 is evaporated by the tapered portion 45, and the second Water vapor 52 is ejected from the end 42 to the outside.

  If the water 51 is sucked up and sprayed as the water vapor 52 in this way, the water 51 in the reservoir 2 is reduced, but water is sequentially supplied so that the water 51 level sensor and the pressure sensor show a constant value. Similarly, the water 51 is sucked up and heated / evaporated by capillary action.

  Thus, according to the above embodiment, the narrow portion 43 that raises the liquid injected from the first end portion 41 by capillary action, and gradually from the upper end of the narrow portion 43 toward the second end portion 42 side. Since the heat transfer coil 46 is provided above the taper portion 45, the area existing in the central portion of the hollow tube 4 is reduced and instantaneously from the peripheral portion. The liquid can be evaporated. In addition, since the one end side is very thin with a capillary and the other end side is widened with the tapered portion 45, the backflow of the liquid can be prevented by the heat-expanded water vapor.

  In addition, since the narrow portion 43 and the tapered portion 45 in the hollow tube 4 are provided with uneven portions 44 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, the contact area between the inner wall of the hollow tube 4 and the liquid can be increased. And can be evaporated more efficiently from the wall surface.

  Furthermore, since the hollow tube 4 not having the heat transfer coil 46 is provided adjacent to the hollow tube 4 having the heat transfer coil 46 on the outer periphery, heat is received from other heat transfer coils 46. Thus, the water vapor 52 can be generated from the hollow tubes 4 without providing heat transfer means in all the hollow tubes 4.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, It can implement in a various aspect.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the water 51 is used as the evaporation target, but the liquid 51 is not limited to the water 51 and any liquid may be used.

  In the above embodiment, the water 51 is raised using the capillary phenomenon. However, if the inner diameter is such that the capillary phenomenon can be used, the instantaneous heating device 1 is used upside down. However, the water 51 does not drip from the hollow tube 4 and may be used in any direction.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the ceramic pipe is used as the hollow tube 4, but it is not necessary to be a ceramic pipe, and any material that satisfies the conditions such as heat resistance, insulation, durability, etc. Such a material may be used.

  In addition, although the case where the water 51 is heated and ejected as the water vapor 52 has been described in the above embodiment, the water vapor 52 does not need to be used and can be applied to the case where the water 51 is used as a high-temperature liquid.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the heat-transfer coil 46 is provided above the taper part 45, upper means here the position which does not flow the water 51 in the narrow part 43 back, and a taper. The position may overlap with the portion 45.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Instantaneous heating apparatus 2 ... Storage part 3 ... Heating part 4 ... Hollow tube 41 ... 1st edge part 42 ... 2nd edge part 43 ... Narrow part 44 ... Concavity and convexity 45 ... Tapered portion 46 ... Heat transfer coil 51 ... Water 52 ... Water vapor

Claims (3)

A hollow tube having both ends opened and a heat transfer means provided on the outer periphery of the hollow tube are provided, and the liquid injected from the first end of the hollow tube is heated by the heat transfer means. In the instantaneous heating device that discharges as water vapor from the second end which is the end side,
A narrow portion that raises the liquid injected from the first end by capillary action;
A taper portion having a gradually increasing inner diameter from the upper end of the narrow portion toward the second end side,
An instantaneous heating apparatus characterized in that the heat transfer means is provided above the tapered portion. The instantaneous heating device according to claim 1, wherein the hollow tube has an uneven portion in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction. The moment according to claim 1, wherein a hollow tube having the narrow portion and a tapered portion and having no heat transfer means on the outer periphery is provided adjacent to the hollow tube having the heat transfer means on the outer periphery. Heating device.

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