CN1434915A

CN1434915A - Tubular-shaped heating element

Info

Publication number: CN1434915A
Application number: CN01810783A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 福斯托·菲奥罗尼
Original assignee: Thermowatt SpA
Current assignee: Thermowatt SpA
Priority date: 2000-06-08
Filing date: 2001-06-05
Publication date: 2003-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2021-06-05
Also published as: AU2001267519A1; EP1290381B1; IT1315636B1; ES2261423T3; DE60118378D1; ITMO20000122A1; ATE321985T1; WO2001094861A1; HK1056768A1; EP1290381A1; DK1290381T3; CN1232781C; DE60118378T2

Abstract

This invention describes a water heating element which can be used for both boilers and electrical appliances in general. A printed electrical resistor (4, 4.1) is applied to a piece of piping (3) used to dispense hot water, using a printing technique such as, for example, screen printing. The whole created by the said two elements constitutes the essential part of a heating element (1, 1.1) which is tubular and can have different sizes and conformations and it can incorporate other means required in water heating devices.

Description

Tubular heating element

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of heating element heater, can use for domestic water boiler and general household electrical appliance especially.

Background technology

The heater element that uses in above-mentioned boiler at present is generally what is called " armouring resistor ".They are made of the resistance wire in the electric insulation powder that is immersed in inertia chemically, are pressed into then in the metal tube of a gas-tight seal.

The per unit assignable best heating power in surface (being commonly referred to as " thermic load ") is about 8.5W/cm usually ²To boiler resistor and 5W/cm ²To the dishwasher resistor, the latter also is designed to and can moves on drying stage inner drying ground.

The thermic load that changes on the resistor is practically impossible.In order to make heating power mainly be distributed in desired zone, must curved resistor itself make it circlewise or helical form.

With regard to the equipment that uses these resistors, importantly the equipment of different types to be made a distinction, i.e. electricity storage heater (electrical storage heaters), so-called " immersion " be electricity storage heater (under-the-sink), electric boiler of snap action (fast-acting electric boilers) and instantaneous electric boiler (instant electricboilers).

The feature of electricity storage heater is generally, and one or more resistors are housed on bead, and a thermostat cover that contains one or more sensors is arranged, and also has the anodic protection of a magnesium or the anticorrosive device of cathodic protection electrode.Extremely Duan water inlet pipe just in time penetrates water pot, and cold water is delivered to said jar bottom, and efferent duct extends through whole jar, so that draw hot water from the highest portion.

The minimum installation power of this pattern boiler is about 1200/1500W.

So-called " immersion " electricity storage heater is the miniature boiler of position in immersing the unit.For the unit that discharges water is linked easily, often upside is downward during this boiler erection, cold water is entered in the bottom, and hot water draws from top, and this is managed generally as water inlet pipe, is connected to then on the outlet pipe, also can conversely.

The snap action electric boiler is textural similar to the storage heater, one less jar is just arranged so that the function that is fit to satisfy, they are equipped with higher power, and for the sake of security, that that often belongs to so-called " can freely discharge " is a kind of, promptly is contained in the interior water system of jar and is under the room pressure.

The feature of instantaneous electric boiler (or electric heater) is, storage tank is very little or do not have storage tank (to be replaced by the long tube of a usefulness resistor heats, and electrical power height (even can reach 20kW), and for the sake of security, also belong to " freely discharging " type usually.

With regard to the heating facility of the water of dishwasher, generally use armouring resistor above-mentioned.When some stage of cleaning procedure was in being immersed in water, resistor heated water, and in other stages, when electric heater was dry, said resistor heated terrine.

Above-mentioned armouring resistor has many shortcomings, at first is the production process complexity.

This another shortcoming of known resistor is, thermal power distributes with ring-type or spiral resistance device, and all various forms all need expensive special installation.

Also has the other shortcoming owing to following various situations cause: have the differential gap in the resistor termination, so that do not have heat to send there; The tendency of deposition calcium oxide incrustation scale is arranged on this resistor, and it is overheated to cause, and consequently the water in this zone can seethe with excitement (sending noise), and resistor can break; And need big opening so that the ring-type of the heavy form of benzene or spiral resistance device are planted in the boiler.

After all; some shortcomings of existing electricity storage heater are owing to needing following causing: bead is used for supporting that one or more resistors, cover are used for that one or more thermostats are popped one's head in and possibly as potted component, supporting, the electrode of the anode cathodic protection system of a magnesium.

It is that water must be stored in serviceability temperature at least that this boiler also has a shortcoming, but generally this temperature is more much higher than the temperature of snap action boiler, even it is more taller than instantaneous boiler, and installation power is lower, heat loss is bigger, and the calcium oxide incrusted deposit can form sooner, and the two all can influence corrosion.

Another shortcoming is the bottom that can the sizable thermal power of quantity be concentrated on jar with a complex-shaped resistor, in order that guarantee than even temperature, less heat loss, thereby mean temperature is remained unchanged.

Also having another shortcoming is to adopt the armouring resistor water can not be heated for the last time when water is drained out in installing.

With regard to the electric boiler of snap action or present instantaneous boiler, its most important shortcoming is owing to need to adopt than the also big resistor of the storage used resistor of heater, therefore needs bigger bead.

Before proposing purpose of the present invention and explanation more excellent embodiment and some possible modification, be worth the essential characteristic of resistor manufacturing technology is pointed out.Though this technology is a known technology, also seldom is used.

Said resistor is made of the metal support matrix, is generally No. 430 steel of AISI (AISI), even can spread the heat energy that sends and thermal expansion takes place, still can guarantee the bonding of overlapped layers.

On this metal support matrix, progressively add following:

-one or more layers dielectric material;

-one printed circuit, it is by a kind of suitable typography such as serigraphy, lays a kind of special resistance paste and produce;

-one or more layers dielectric material in addition.

" printed resistor " speech will be used to indicate the whole unit by the actual print circuit reaches under it and the dielectric material on it constitutes from now on, no matter this printed circuit is made with silk-screen printing technique or any other circuit typography.

Can getable thermic load obviously depend on hot disappearance ability with printed resistor, with respect to those thermic loads of using, produce lower thermic load in the zone, not increase though expense is special, thermic load may still very highly (be at least 18-20W/cm ²).The same with heating liquid, printed resistor can also be brought into play its function under drying regime, because they can stand the high temperature (being 250 ℃ on the pad of circuit terminal) up to 700 ℃ in air.

Later each layer also can be placed on the curved surface.

Feed cable is being connected on the circuit on the printed resistor circuit, welds on two somes during connection, and these two points are to have a mind to do not covered by second group of dielectric materials layer.

Content disclosed by the invention

First purpose of the present invention is in the device such as electric boiler or dishwasher that water is heated, when needs provide the resistance facility water is heated, and the facility of checking water temperature may be provided, and/or when the electrochemical facility that prevents to corrode may be provided, reduce and realize the required member of above-mentioned these facilities.

Second purpose is for simplifying the structure that one or more above-mentioned these heating, temperature check and corrosion prevent facility.

The 3rd purpose is for simplifying the installation of one or more above-mentioned these facilities on the device that water is heated.

The 4th purpose is the deposition that is limited in the calcium oxide incrustation scale that forms on the above-mentioned heating facility.

The 5th purpose is eliminated support flanges for wishing from one or more above-mentioned facilities.

Another purpose is to wish that the heat energy that above-mentioned heating facility sends distributes better.

Another purpose is for the storage heater, to make it can use the same heating facility of heating storage of water that water is fully heated when hot water is emitted.

Also has a final purpose for reducing manufacturing expense.

Because we just use technique known that printed resistor is applied on the metal support at the beginning, so above-mentioned these purposes can both reach.

In fact, problem of the present invention is to be general appliances, the water heater of the usefulness of particularly living is researched and developed a kind of heating element heater, this heating element heater is made of design be used for the circulating tube element of water (being at least life with), lays one or more resistors by top definite method printing on its outer surface and/or inner surface.

Fig. 1 is the profile of the preferred embodiment of the heating element heater used according to the present invention in a hot water storage tank;

Fig. 2 is total view of heating element heater among the last figure;

Fig. 3 is that same-element shown in the last figure is along the profile of main shaft;

Fig. 4 be general heating element heater with the rectangular direction of main shaft on profile;

Fig. 5 is the sketch map of a kind of possibility modification of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 and 3, and water shown in the figure is flowing in heating element heater in the heating period and the stage of drawing;

Fig. 6 is the sketch map of another possibility modification of the present invention shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 7 extremely roughly illustrates the boiler of a snap action, and this boiler uses the heating element heater according to a modification of the present invention;

Fig. 8 illustrates the total view according to the heating element heater of another embodiment of the present invention.

The following describes a preferred embodiment according to heating element heater of the present invention, this heating element heater can be used to be stored in the heater extremely effectively.

Consult Fig. 1, shown in it one according to the heating element heater 1 that is located in the storage heater jar 2 of the present invention.Under this situation as an example, the hot water delivery pipe of heating element heater 1 for coming out from jar 2.Shown in Fig. 1 to 3, heating element heater 1 is made of following: one section pipeline 3, and this pipeline is made by any suitable use printed resistor technology and material such as No. 430 steel of AISI of bearing suffered chemistry, physics and mechanical stress; A printed resistor 4; With a pipe joint 5.For clarity, just the actual print circuit part of printed resistor 4 illustrates, and is though they are all covered with following dielectric materials layer in the above actually, said as the front, these dielectric materials layers have constituted printed resistor together together with top said printed circuit.Also be illustrated in the bottom of pipeline 3 and the

hole

10 and 11 that make on top on the figure.

The connection facility 6 that pipe joint 5 usefulness are suitable and 7 is equipped with as threaded lining, as a means of said pipe joint 5 being respectively fixed on jar 2 (with the circular nut 8 that is welded on the jar 2) and the hot water compartment system (not shown).Pipe joint 5 also is fitted with suitable connector 9 as a means of giving printed resistor 4 with supply of electric power, and said connector 9 is being connected on the circuit on the printed resistor 4, and insulate on circuit to scheme last unshowned known method and all the other elements.

In Fig. 3, except the element that has indicated, also have some hole 11.b to be pointed out, they are on the top of pipeline 3, near its import 3.a place.

In Fig. 4, to the outside, a presumable material layer 14 was as polypropylene before this from heating element heater 1 inboard, and the calcium oxide incrustation scale is difficult for deposition on this layer; Then be pipeline 3, lay printed resistor 4 thereon subsequently, said printed resistor 4 is made of following: one or more dielectric materials layers that are anchored on pipeline 3 matrixes; Actual resistance printed circuit; With one or more outer dielectric material layers.What illustrate at last is that presumable sheath 15 designs are used for protecting printed resistor in case be worn.

Fig. 5 is a possible modification of the present invention shown in Figure 3.In Fig. 5, be illustrated in the loop direction that current will be taked in two functional modes storing heater with arrow.More accurate point says that the left side is the circulation that is caused by convective motion in the heating period of using heating element heater 1, and the right is the direction of current in the stage that hot water is drained out.Be fitted with towards the hole 10.a of the refracting plates of inboard and the modification that 11.a constitutes

hole

10 and 11 respectively.

Fig. 6 illustrates the possible modification of Fig. 5, and its mesopore 10.b and 11.b are made of on the position of the enlarged section 13 of pipeline 3.

Fig. 7 illustrates a canister 2.1, mistake shown in all once former figure of thereon element of dress, and arrow is pointed out the water (flow) direction that enters and export; Though do not illustrate in the drawings, jars 2.1 also and in the past the pipeline 3 among the figure was the same, and its overall cylindrical partly can constitute a support base with printed resistor 4 identical printed resistors 4.1 at least.Some other element of pointing out was with the element shown in the figure was identical or suitable in the past.Therefore the snap action boiler is fitted with at least two printed resistors shown in, and printed resistor 4.1 promptly above-mentioned and the pipeline of exporting with hot water 3 are the printed resistor 4 of matrix.

Fig. 8 illustrates the heating element heater 1.1 according to second embodiment of the invention, the suitable water that is cited and circulates in one section pipeline as a means of heating in for example instantaneous boiler of household implements or dishwasher of this heating element heater, it is fitted with and one or morely is connected respectively to input pipe and the lining on the hot water delivery pipe 5.1 or the suitable therewith facility that will be heated water by the printed resistor 4 of one section pipeline, 3.1 supportings and two.Some other element of pointing out identical or suitable with shown in the former figure.

Describe feature below in detail according to heating element heater of the present invention.

At first, though the mode that supply of electric power makes for resistor 4 to be stored in the water heating in the storage tank 2 with similar at the armouring resistor of use, the present invention has its special attribute and advantage, is now illustrated.

The printed resistor 4 that usually draws among the figure is no matter it is to be wound on constitute on the pipeline 3 all the same by meander or helix.In fact it can be self disjoint any route, this route even can be irregular so that most suitably along the length of heating element heater thermic load is changed.For example on pair of connectors 9, can begin and stop, perhaps use the bifilar helix of pitch variation with the constant bifilar helix of pitch.

Can have several adjacent printed resistors 4 to be printed on the same insulating barrier, each said resistor is a terminal with pair of connectors 9 separately, and purpose is by one or more said printed resistors 4 of planting the heating power that sends to be regulated.Several stacked printed resistors also can be arranged each other with the insulating barrier insulation of as much, each said resistor is a terminal with pair of connectors 9 separately.

The heating power that this feature might produce printed resistor us is concentrated and is distributed in the most useful zone: for the storage heater, this zone is generally the bottom.In addition, several printed resistors 4 are arranged if desired and not wish significantly to increase the route that the also available said method of overall dimension makes said several printed resistors 4 adjacent or stacked, as long as between each route, be provided with insulation material layer.

An importance of the present invention is, uses same technology can make printed circuit in the printing printed resistor, the outside that the various electrician's or electronics members are connected on circuit jar.These said members can be installed along heating element heater effectively, and said heating element heater can be used as the supporting of said member.Said member is being welded to known method on the end of printed circuit on the only position along heating element heater, and insulate with surrounding environment on circuit; The other end of said circuit terminates on the suitable electric connector of pipe joint position.Said member for example can be: be connected to the temperature sensor (is negative temperature coefficient as NTC) on the respective electronic thermostat; The one pole safety thermostat of bimetal leaf type or have a fusible link or belong to the minimum safety thermostat of another kind of size, directly series welding is received on the resistor of wanting monitored under latter event.At last, these members can be the anticorrosive protection devices of negative electrode.

Temperature sensor also can be made of the resistance track of printing, and its resistance level fully depends on wants measured temperature.For this purpose, the path of printed sensor can be made of to increase all-in resistance sufficiently long track the measurement of the resistor that becomes the variations in temperature function is carried out easily.

Explanation is according to some details and the structural change of heating element heater 1 of the present invention now.

When the water in the storage heater jar 2 is in the heating period, be necessary to impel water in pipeline 3, to circulate, so that the calcium oxide incrustation scale extremely promptly forms deposition, and the water in this zone also can seethe with excitement as a means of anti-sealing slow and heating in pipeline 3.If draw water constantly at this, back one phenomenon will make the user scalded so.At this moment as shown in figs. 1 and 3, can make hole 10 in the bottom of pipeline 3.As illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, in pipeline 3, just can carry out continuous Natural Circulation in the heating period like this.When hot water was drawn, this hole also was useful, and it can prevent that the cold water eddy current from passing through said hole from the boiler bottom.Pointed out once that in prevailing purposes of the present invention, the one or more holes 10 that are made of the 4mm diameter just enough guaranteed recirculation and do not have the cold water eddy current in jar when water is drawn.Also may design other suitable improvement: for example be fitted with suitable refracting plates, be located on the position of the suitable enlarged 13 of section,, can stop cold water to enter because Venturi effect causes local pressure to increase at Fig. 6 mesopore 10b at Fig. 5 mesopore 10a.In addition, heating element heater 1 can be made enough wide making flowing naturally of abundant active within it, so just can not need hole 10.In other embodiments, in contrast, thereby water is with sufficiently high speed or enough drawn the deposition of guaranteeing frequent flushing and can preventing or remove the calcium oxide incrustation scale continually in jar.For this purpose, effectively way can be laid one deck and not glue the material 14 of calcium oxide incrustation scale as polypropylene as shown in Figure 4 in pipeline 3.

In jar 2 moisture heating period, when water rises in pipeline 3 by Natural Circulation, preferably not exclusively discharge, because often have air bubble can hinder the carrying out of circulating at this place at termination 3.a.Reason for this reason, water can still leave by the hole 11.b among the hole among Fig. 1 11 or Fig. 3.

In some purposes, be worth adding outside wear-resistant sheath at the insulating materials outermost layer that constitutes printed resistor 4.This can look like as shown in Figure 4; a protective jacket 15 of being made by suitable material is arranged; but also can make said protective jacket 15 by making effectively, be proved absolutely in another patent application of putting on record at the same time as the applicant as the material of cathodic protection electrode.Perhaps said protective jacket can be made of the tube element of sacrificial metal as a means of protection equipment does not make corrosion (being generally magnesium electrode).Adopt the method for any known method or previous explanation, said electrode or anode just can be wanted on the guarded metal can being connected to suitably on the circuit.

Consult Fig. 1, but heating element heater 1 flexible operating, and this is impossible at known armouring resistor.For a high storage level is arranged, boiler generally remains on water 70-75 ℃, and serviceability temperature is generally 40 ℃.If only need a spot of water and user to wish limit heat losses, storing temperature can drop to serviceability temperature so, but can not be low again.Water can be remained on the temperature more lower slightly when adopting heating element heater 1, once more water be heated and can enable printed resistor in the stage of drawing than serviceability temperature.For this purpose, at memory phase, said resistor 4 needs with the thermostat operation, in the suction phase of water then by flow sensor unit such as pressure converter or flow converter operation.

Shown in Fig. 1 is one to be used for drawing the pipe of hot water from the storage heater according to heating element heater 1 of the present invention, but water inlet pipe that the form that also can take input pipe is extended in jar suitably as the situation in " immersion " boiler or double as and the efferent duct that can preferably heating power be distributed in optimum zone.

And illustrating a snap action boiler, Fig. 7 is fitted with at least two printed resistors separated from each other on entity.First said resistor 4.1 can be regulated with a suitable thermostat storage of water is remained on a definite temperature by jar 2.1 supportings.Second said resistor 4, can be heated water in the stage of drawing with suitable flow sensor such as a pressure converter or a flow converter adjusting by efferent duct 3 supportings.

Nature, in Fig. 7, the single heating element heater 1 that constitutes efferent duct also can be finished two functions, promptly finishes preheat function at memory phase, and finishes final heating function in the stage of drawing, as long as said heating element heater has hole 11 as shown in the figure.

In the modification shown in Fig. 8, heating element heater 1.1 constitutes the heater of whole water basically.The metallic matrix that constitutes by pipeline 3.1 can with any can stand technology that element will run into and chemistry, material physics and mechanical stress (pressure that also comprises the water main) for example No. 430 steel of AISI make.In order to limit overall dimension, sizable if desired area of heating surface, available two or more parallel to each other and coaxial, kinds 1 or 1.1 heating element heater are as snap action boiler among Fig. 7 is used.Perhaps their available unshowned modes are connected in series.Can be located on the position of pipe joint at the connector that is used for connecting heating element heater on the circuit or on any point of the outer surface of said heating element heater 1.1.Outer surface can be by heat insulation, and power can be regulated with any known method of using in the instantaneous electric boiler.

Can be used for dishwasher effectively according to heating element heater of the present invention, the label 1.1 among pattern and Fig. 8 does not have much difference.Said heating element heater 1.1 preferably is positioned in the dishwasher dish; Make water circulation in pipe that will be issued to spout, progressively be heated in each stage.In case being drained, water enters drying stage, but also dry run of heating element heater.

If desired, printed resistor 4 or 4.1 can be laid in the inner surface of heating element heater 1 or 1.1, heating element heater 1 or 1.1 also can have difform cross section (promptly not being circular) or be bent or projection, and this shape should be in the limit that known resistor typography allows certainly.

First advantage of heating element heater 1 is; in the storage heater; bead can be saved; for no other reason than that have following: the fixing threaded circular nut used of heating element heater; one is inserted welding or the threaded cover that thermostatic sensor and/or the erosion-resisting guard electrode of negative electrode are used, and/or one is inserted the threaded circular nut that magnesium anode or electrode are used.But once be proved to be, heating element heater 1 also can support all sensor unit, safety thermostat and erosion-resisting guard electrode or sacrificial anodes together.Therefore in some modification, that might eliminate is not only bead, and also has other holes in jars 2, just except the required hole of heating element heater of the present invention.

In the storage heater, the present invention also can reduce the formation of heat loss and jar 2 interior calcium oxide incrustation scales significantly.

As an example, consider the storage heater that power is 1500W.

A shower nozzle needs 0.07 liter/second flow.If enable resistor in the stage of drawing on this flow, so actually, the heat that said resistor produces is just supplied with the water that flows through this element because there heat exchange than the immobilising outside of water fierceness many.The temperature that the result is drawn water rises to 5 ℃ approximately; If required serviceability temperature is 40 ℃, can water be remained on 35 ℃ earlier so.

If room temperature is 20 ℃, the heat loss that causes so is 25% (thermal head: 35-20=15 ℃, rather than 40-20=20 ℃).

When water is maintained at lower temperature, the less formation deposition of calcium oxide incrustation scale.

This advantage is more remarkable to the boiler of snap action as shown in Figure 7 that those have higher power level.

In general, make us might make the storage heater of snap action according to heating element heater of the present invention, same at that time heating element heater can be preheating to storage of water the storing temperature that is lower than serviceability temperature, finishes the heating period in use then.

The armouring resistor that boiler is used as previously mentioned, the thermic load that has usually is 8.5W/cm ², and the quick deposition that forms the calcium oxide incrustation scale of meeting, the increase of deposition is directly proportional with thermic load.The diameter of boiler efferent duct is generally 1/2, and " (being 21mm) supposes that length is 600mm, and installation power is 1500W, and the thermic load that heating element heater 1 has will be less than 4W/cm ², also littler than half of armouring resistor thermic load; And might further reduce thermic load,, can significantly not increase expense like this as long as increase pipe diameter and surface thereof keep the surperficial constant of printed resistor route simultaneously.

Heating element heater 1.1 preferably uses shown in the instantaneous electric boiler that a kind of, and the size of electric boiler is reduced.Suppose that power is 20kW, the pipe diameter is 3/4 ", thermic load is about 20W/cm so ², be acceptable value (, not having the danger of fouling) because water can be not dull, the length of heating element heater is about 1200mm, but for arrowhead, in fact the pattern of Sheng Chaning also can have two or more heating element heaters side by side or coaxial laying, or adopts a pipe that diameter is bigger.

Claims

1. tubular heating element, be specially adapted to the firing equipment of cleaning water and general household electrical appliance water, employing is be laid in technology on the metal surface of printed resistor, said printed resistor constitutes like this, one or more dielectric materials layers are laid on the said metal surface, for example use that screen printing technique is printed thereon one or more resistance circuits, lay one or more dielectric materials layers more thereon and form, it is characterized by said heating element heater (1; 1.1) on the one section pipeline (3) that is laid in, by at least one printed resistor (4; 4.1) constitute, said pipeline (3) has that an any method of usefulness forms and the section that allows cleaning water to flow through at least.

2. the heating element heater (1 of claim 1; 1.1), it is characterized by one or more printed resistors (4; 4.1) on the said pipeline (3) that can be laid in.

3. claim 1 or 2 heating element heater (1; 1.1), it is characterized by each said printed resistor (4; 4.1) can contain one or more independently resistance circuits.

4. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, said individual resistors circuit can be orientated overlapping several layers as according to printed resistor technology, and each layer all uses one or more dielectric materials layers and other layers to separate.

5. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1) it is characterized by said printed resistor (4; 4.1) on the outer surface of pipeline (3) that can be laid in, on the inner surface, or on inside and outside two surfaces.

6. the heating element heater (1 of claim 1; 1.1), it is characterized by, heating element heater is fitted with at least one pipe joint (5; 5.1).

7. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by said one or more pipe joints (5; 5.1) be fitted with connection facilities (7) that at least some lead to the water main.

8. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by said pipe joint (5; 5.1) also be fitted with the facility (6) that at least one connects hot water facility, and on this equipment, also have suitable binding facility (8).

9. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by, said suitable binding facility (8) is made of the threaded circular nut that becomes one with hot water facility.

10. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by said printed resistor (4; 4.1) can be laid on all or part of outer surface or inner surface of pipeline (3).

11. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), be connected to each said printed resistor (4; 4.1) on each independently resistance circuit can be connected to corresponding pair of connectors (9) and go up as a means of obtaining supply of electric power.

12. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by, said connector (9) use method in common in printed resistor technology is connected to said printed resistor (4; 4.1) said resistance circuit on.

13. the heating element heater (1 of claim 11 and 12; 1.1), it is characterized by, said connector (9) is installed in said pipe joint (5; 5.1) on, and with known method on circuit with said pipe joint (5; 5.1) insulation.

14. the heating element heater (1 of claim 11 and 12; 1.1), it is characterized by, said connector (9) can be installed on any point of pipeline (3) outer surface.

15. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by printed resistor (4; 4.1) the route of resistance circuit can have any shape, well-regulated or irregular.

16. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by printed resistor (4; 4.1) resistance circuit route can be in shape meander (fretting) or double-helical, its pitch can be constant or change.

17. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, use the printed resistor (4 of route suitably-arranged; 4.1) resistance circuit, might be along pipeline (3) distributed heat load as required, or uniformly or have nothing in common with each other.

18. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, can use protective jacket (15) to prevent the potential danger that printed resistor (4) is worn.

19. the heating element heater (1 of claim 18; 1.1), it is characterized by, said protective jacket (15) can be designed to constitute one effectively and prevent corrosion phenomenon and safety can (2; 2.1) element.

20. the heating element heater (1 of claim 19; 1.1), it is characterized by, said design is used for safety can (2; 2.1) erosion-resisting element promptly above said protective jacket (15) electrode that can advantageously to contain a form be the impressed current cathodic protection device, this cover is by the material such as the magnesium alloy of suitable this additional function are made.

21. the heating element heater (1 of claim 19; 1.1), it is characterized by, said design is used for safety can (2; 2.1) erosion-resisting element promptly above said protective jacket (15) can advantageously contain a sacrificial anode, this cover is made by the most suitable this interpolation materials with function such as magnesium alloy.

22. the heating element heater (1 of claim 20 or 21; 1.1), it is characterized by, said design is used for safety can (2; 2.1) circuit of the erosion-resisting element method that connects available printed resistor technology and provide partly or entirely makes.

23. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, at least one surface of pipeline (3), can lay layer of material (14) as polypropylene, design is used for making the deposition of calcium oxide incrustation scale to be difficult to form.

24. the heating element heater (1 of the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by preferably be laid in when heating, may the becoming on the position of stagnation when water of certain some part on pipeline (3) surface of said material layer (14).

25. one or multinomial heating element heater (1) are designed for the storage heater in the above claim, it is characterized by, (promptly with lower temperature water place) has one or more holes (10 to pipeline (3) in its underpart; 10.a; 10.b) outer surface and the inner surface of connecting line (3), said hole (1010.a; 10.b) have such section configuration and make in the heating period, water can be in pipeline (3) Natural Circulation.

26. the heating element heater in the claim in front is characterized by hole (10.a; 10.b) can have facility (12; 13) be used for hindering the formation eddy current of cold water in stage that water is drawn.

27. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), be designed for the storage heater, it is characterized by, pipeline (3) has one or more holes (11 at an upper portion thereof; 11.b) to be used for making in the heating period water by Natural Circulation to overflow from pipeline (3) more easy in design, can stop any air bubble in import department (3.a) to become obstacle.

28. one or multinomial heating element heater (1) are designed for the jar (2 of storage heater in the above claim; 2.1) in, it is characterized by, support one or more printed resistors (4; 4.1) pipeline (3) can have a cold water and enter function or a hot water output function.

29. one or multinomial heating element heater are designed for the storage heater in the above claim, it is characterized by, the outer surface and/or the inner surface of jar (2.1) are supporting one or more printed resistors (4.1).

30. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, use same technology laying one or more printed resistors (4; 4.1) time can on the surface of pipeline (3), make printed circuit, various electricians or electronic component are coupled together effectively, these members can be effectively along heating element heater (1; 1.1) install, said heating element heater can be used as the supporting of said member, and said member is along heating element heater (1; 1.1) be soldered on the end of printed circuit on the only position, and on circuit, insulate with surrounding environment; The other end of said circuit terminates on the only position with suitable electric connector (9), for example at pipe joint (5; 5.1) on.

31. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1); it is characterized by; said electrician or electronic component for example can be: be connected to the electronic temperature transmitter on the respective electronic thermostat; the one pole safety thermostat of bimetal leaf type; have a fusible link or belong to alternative safety thermostat, and the electrode of erosion-resisting protection device.

32. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by, if said member can be made of the one pole safety thermostat, they can be received by direct series welding and want monitored printed resistor (4; 4.1) resistance circuit on.

33. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by, laying one or more printed resistors (4; 4.1) time use same technology the track by resistance material can be constituted circuit be printed onto on the surface of pipeline (3), to monitor local temperature, the resistance level of resistance material fully depends on the temperature that will be used the regulation electron device measurement at that time, and therefore said track route is the temperature sensor of a use printed resistor technology printing.

34. the heating element heater (1 in the claim in front; 1.1), it is characterized by, the route of printing temperature sensor can be made of to increase all-in resistance sufficiently long track to be made as the measurement of the resistor of variations in temperature function and carries out easily.

35. one or multinomial heating element heater (1 in the above claim; 1.1), it is characterized by said printed resistor (4; 4.1) available any adjusting or safety member such as thermostat, pressure converter and flow converter monitor with known method.

36. a storage heater is characterized by, and uses a heating element heater (1) at least.

37. the storage heater in the claim in front is characterized by, said heating element heater (1) is introduced and/or supporting TEMP facility and/or safety thermostat and/or erosion-resisting protective equipment.

38. the storage heater of claim 36 or 37 is characterized by, storage tank (2) has only a cold water to enter hole and a hot water delivery outlet, but has at least a heating element heater (1) to be contained on the said position that enters hole or said delivery outlet or these two holes.

39. regulate method of temperature in the storage heater for one kind, it is characterized by, temperature in the storage tank (2,2.1) is remained on first predefined storing value,, have only the water that is drawn to be reheated second value that is higher than first storing value in the stage of drawing.

40. storage heater that uses the control method of claim 39.

41. the storage heater of claim 40 is characterized by, and only with single heating element heater (1) water temperature is remained on first predefined storing value, reheats second then and draws temperature value.

42. storage heater, particularly snap action and/or freely discharge that is a kind of, it is characterized by, have at least one or more printed resistors (4.1) to be bearing on the outer surface and/or inner surface of storage tank (2.1), also have at least one other heating element heater (1) and appear on the position that enters pipe or efferent duct.

43. an instantaneous boiler is characterized by, and uses one or more heating element heaters (1.1) as heating facility.

44. the device with the heating of the water and air in the dishwasher is characterized by, and uses one or more heating element heaters (1.1) as heating facility.

45. the device that will store the water heating in the heater is characterized by, said device is made of a hardware, and this hardware is made by the suitable material of supporting printed resistor (4).

46. the temperature sensor that uses printed resistor technology to make, printing track by resistance material constitutes, its resistance level fully depends on wants measured temperature, and this temperature is to measure with the measurement, adjusting and the monitor and control facility that use in household electrical appliance usually.

47. supporting member; can be used to support various electricians or electronic component; as being connected to the electronic temperature transmitter on the respective electronic thermostat; the one pole safety thermostat of bimetal leaf type; those have a fusible link or belong to alternative safety thermostat; and erosion-resisting protection device; it is characterized by; the connecting circuit of said member uses printing technology to make according to printed resistor technology; and said supporting member all is designed to and can be immersed in the water together with said member, because all electrician's members and all circuit all are insulated with well-known method.