JP2011096968A - Solar generator for individually performing maximum power point tracking, and solar cell of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar generator which performs MPPT individually and guarantees the maximum output power in the entire system. <P>SOLUTION: A solar generator for individually performing maximum power point tracking is equipped with: a plurality of solar cell modules formed by being electrically connected to a plurality of solar cells; and a power conversion transmission device electrically connected to two output terminals of the solar cell module. Each solar cell is equipped with: a solar chip having two DC output terminals; and an MPPT having two output terminals and two input terminals electrically connected to the two DC output terminals. The solar generator performs MPPT related with each solar cell and thereby guarantees maximum power for output power in the entire system. When MPPT is performed using a conventional inverter, the maximum power of each solar cell is effectively obtained. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar generator and its solar cell, and more particularly to a solar generator and its solar cell that individually perform maximum power point tracking (MPPT).

  Currently, solar energy can be utilized by storing heat directly in solids, liquids or gases, or using solar power to convert it to electrical energy and to store electrical energy in solar cells. it can.

  Referring to FIG. 3, conventional solar cells include single crystal silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon thin film solar cells, CIS / CIS solar cells, CdTe solar cells, GaAs solar cells, etc. Usually, it consists of a substrate (70), a lower electrode (71) sequentially formed on the substrate, an optoelectronic semiconductor layer (72), an antireflection film (73), and an upper electrode (74). As an example, assuming a single crystal silicon battery, the optoelectronic semiconductor layer (72) has a p-type semiconductor layer (721), an n-type semiconductor layer (722), and a PN junction therebetween. When light is irradiated onto the PN junction, hole pairs are generated in the photoelectron layer (72) by the photovoltaic effect. Due to the diffusion and the electric field in the optoelectronic layer (72), the electrons in the hole pair move toward the n-type semiconductor layer (722) and the holes move toward the p-type semiconductor layer (721). Accordingly, DC (direct current) power is output from the upper and lower electrodes (74, 71) electrically connected to the n-type semiconductor layer (722) and the p-type semiconductor layer (721), respectively. Since each solar cell only outputs low voltage DC power, a plurality of solar cells are combined to form a solar cell module, and then the plurality of solar cell modules are arranged to form a solar cell sub-array, as desired. A plurality of solar cell sub-arrays can further be arranged to form a solar cell array to provide voltage DC power. All solar cells of the solar cell module are electrically connected to each other through wiring. The inverter is used to convert DC power output from the solar cell array into AC (alternating current) power for execution of MPPT.

  However, shadows, protective equipment (shelters), incident angle of sunlight or failure of solar cells all affect the power generation efficiency of solar cells in the solar cell array. Therefore, when MPPT is performed on the total power generated by the solar cells, the maximum power of each solar cell is not effectively obtained, thus causing a reduced maximum output of the entire system. Become.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a solar generator that individually executes MPPT and guarantees the maximum output power in the entire system.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the solar power generator includes a plurality of solar cell modules and a power conversion transmission device.

  The plurality of solar cell modules are formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells. Each solar cell includes a solar chip and an MPPT unit.

  The solar chip has two DC output terminals. The MPPT unit has two input terminals electrically connected to the two DC output terminals and two output terminals.

  The power conversion transmission device is electrically connected to two output terminals of the solar cell module.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell capable of performing MPPT. The solar cell includes a substrate, a microelectronic semiconductor layer, a lower electrode, an optoelectronic semiconductor layer, an antireflection film, and an upper electrode.

  The microelectronic semiconductor layer is formed on the substrate to constitute an MPPT unit, and has two input terminals and two output terminals.

  The lower electrode is formed on the microelectronic semiconductor layer and is electrically connected to one input terminal of the MPPT unit.

  The optoelectronic semiconductor layer is formed on the lower electrode and has an upper layer and a lower layer in contact with the lower electrode and electrically connected to the lower electrode.

  The antireflection film is formed on an upper layer of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer.

  The upper electrode is formed on the antireflection film, is electrically connected to the upper layer of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer, and is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the MPPT unit.

Given the above structure, the MPPT unit enhances the actual output power of the solar cell and reduces the total output power caused by shadows, protectors, incident angles or failures in the solar cell module or solar cell array. In order to prevent the deterioration, it is incorporated into a solar cell.

It is a block diagram of a solar generator according to the present invention, It is a schematic diagram of a solar cell according to the present invention, It is the schematic of the conventional solar cell.

  Referring to FIG. 1, the solar generator of the present invention includes at least one solar cell module (1) and a power conversion transmission device (2).

  At least one solar cell module (1) includes a plurality of solar cells (10), and each solar cell (10) includes a solar chip (11) and an MPPT unit (12). The solar chip (11) has two DC output terminals. The MPPT unit (12) has two input terminals and two output terminals. The two input terminals of the MPPT unit (12) are electrically connected to the two DC output terminals of the solar chip (11). The capacitor (13) is connected between the two output terminals of the MPPT unit (12). The solar chip (11) outputs DC power from the two DC output terminals, and the MPPT unit (12) executes MPPT on the DC output output from the solar chip (11). Furthermore, the solar cell module (1) can form a plurality of solar cells (10) in series connection, parallel connection or series-parallel connection so as to obtain DC power having higher voltage and higher power. The solar cell (10) is continuously connected via a capacitor (13) arranged at the output terminal of the MPPT unit (12), in which the capacitor (13) is used for energy balancing or compensation. in use. The solar cell (10) configures two output terminals of the solar cell module (1) electrically connected to two input terminals of the power conversion transmission device (2) for power conversion and transmission. Connected continuously. The power conversion transmission device (2) is used to convert or transmit the DC power output from the solar cell module (1). Regarding the power conversion function, the power conversion transmission device (2) is a DC-DC converter or a DC-AC converter that converts direct current (DC) related to output power of the solar cell module (1) into direct current (DC). That is, it may be a converter that converts the DC power output from the solar cell module (1) into AC power for supply to the public power network.

  The solar generator of the present invention enhances the actual output energy of each solar cell (10), and shadows, protective equipment, and incident angles generated when the conventional solar generator performs MPPT uniformly. Or it is clear from the above description that MPPT is introduced into each solar cell (10) in order to solve the problem of the drop in the total output power caused by the failure.

  Referring to FIG. 2, the solar cell (10) includes a substrate (100), a microelectronic circuit layer (101), a lower electrode (102), a photoelectron (optoelectronic) semiconductor layer (103), an antireflection film ( 104) and an upper electrode (105).

  The microelectronic circuit layer (101) is formed on the substrate (100) to form the MPPT unit. The MPPT unit has two input terminals and two output terminals as disclosed above.

  The lower electrode (102) is formed on the microelectronic semiconductor layer (101) by vapor deposition, electroplating, printing, or other processes, and is electrically connected to the input terminal of the MPPT unit.

  The optoelectronic semiconductor layer (103) is formed on the lower electrode (102) by gas diffusion, solid diffusion, ion implantation, or the like. The solar cell formed by the optoelectronic semiconductor layer (103) is a single crystal silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon thin film solar cell, a CIS / CIS solar cell, a CdTe solar cell, a GaAs solar cell, or a dye. It may be a sensitized battery and other types of batteries. As an example, assuming a single crystal silicon battery, the optoelectronic semiconductor layer (103) has a p-type semiconductor layer (1031) and an n-type semiconductor layer (1032). A PN junction is formed between them, and the p-type semiconductor layer (1031) is in contact with the lower electrode and is electrically connected to the lower electrode.

  The antireflection film (104) is formed on the n-type semiconductor layer (1032) of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer by PVD (physical vapor deposition), CVD (chemical vapor deposition) or other methods.

  The upper electrode (105) is similar to the lower electrode (102) and is formed on the antireflection film (104) by vapor deposition, electroplating, printing, or other processes, and the n-type of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer (103). It is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer (1032). The upper electrode (105) is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the MPPT unit through interlayer connection means such as vias or other electrical connection means.

  In short, the MPPT unit (12) is incorporated in the solar cell (10) and formed integrally with the solar cell (10). Further, the capacitor is formed on the microelectronic semiconductor layer (101) and connected between the two output terminals of the MPPT unit (12) for balancing. MPPT is individually introduced into each solar cell, and all the solar cells can be integrated to form a solar cell module. Thus, the total output power drop due to shadows, protective equipment, sunlight incident angle or damage can be solved by individual MPPT approaches.

  While numerous features and advantages of the invention have been described in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and operation of the invention, the disclosure is illustrative only. For details, it is possible to change in particular the shape, dimensions and arrangement of parts within the full range indicated by the general meaning of the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell module 2 Power conversion transmission apparatus 10 Solar cell 11 Solar chip (solar cell chip)
12 MPPT unit 13 Capacitor 100 Substrate 101 Microelectronic semiconductor layer (microelectronic circuit layer)
102 Lower electrode 103 Optoelectronic semiconductor layer 104 Antireflection film 105 Upper electrode 1031 p-type semiconductor layer 1032 n-type semiconductor layer

Claims (12)

A solar chip having a plurality of solar cells each having two DC output terminals, two input terminals electrically connected to the two DC output terminals, and an MPPT unit having two output terminals A plurality of solar cell modules formed by electrically connecting solar cells, and
A solar generator that individually performs maximum power point tracking (MPPT), including a power conversion transmission device electrically connected to the two output terminals of the solar cell module.   Further, each of the solar cells includes a capacitor that is electrically connected between the two output terminals of the corresponding MPPT unit and electrically connected to the other solar cell. The described solar generator.   The solar power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power conversion transmission device is a DC-DC converter.   The solar power generator according to claim 2, wherein the power conversion transmission device is a DC-DC converter.   The solar power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power conversion transmission device is a DC-AD converter.   The solar power generator according to claim 2, wherein the power conversion transmission device is a DC-AD converter.   The solar power generator according to claim 1, wherein the power conversion transmission device is an inverter.   The solar power generator according to claim 2, wherein the power conversion transmission device is an inverter.   The solar generator of claim 1, wherein the solar cells are electrically connected by one of a series connection, a parallel connection, and a series-parallel connection.   The solar generator of claim 2, wherein the solar cells are electrically connected by one of a series connection, a parallel connection, and a series-parallel connection. A substrate,
A microelectronic semiconductor layer formed on the substrate to form an MPPT unit having two input terminals and two output terminals;
A lower electrode formed on the microelectronic semiconductor layer and electrically connected to one input terminal of the MPPT unit;
An optoelectronic semiconductor layer formed on the lower electrode and having an upper layer and a lower layer in contact with the lower electrode and electrically connected to the lower electrode;
An antireflection film formed on the upper layer of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer;
A solar cell, comprising: an upper electrode formed on the antireflection film, electrically connected to the upper layer of the optoelectronic semiconductor layer, and connected to the other input terminal of the MPPT unit.   The solar cell according to claim 11, wherein the microelectronic semiconductor layer further includes a capacitor formed on the microelectronic semiconductor layer and electrically connected between the two output terminals of the MPPT unit.

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