JP2011096198A - Method and apparatus for supervising moving body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for supervising a moving body, capable of promptly detecting and notifying of a failure in a moving/standstill condition of a person in a room, by constantly obtaining the moving/standstill condition. <P>SOLUTION: The moving body supervision method includes: a process to successively originate a wideband radio wave in the form of pulses, from a constant position in a room 11 to be supervised; a process to receive the reflected waves of the originated radio wave in the room 11, A/D convert the power delay profiles of the reflected wave, and store them into a memory means 16; a process to obtain a differential profile 1 in time series from the comparison between each profile stored in the memory means 16 and a standstill profile to be a criterion; and from a transition pattern of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series, a process to supervise an examinee 27 in the room 11. Here, as the standstill profile, data when the examinee 27 is absent in the room 11 is used. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to, for example, a moving object monitoring method and apparatus for quickly detecting and notifying an abnormality in a moving / situation state while constantly grasping a person's movement / situation state in a room.

For example, in a medical facility or a nursing facility, for a subject with dementia or fertility, whether the subject is in a landing state or a leaving state in order to ensure the safety of the subject. It is necessary to successively grasp moving body information such as whether the person is going to get out of bed, whether the user is in the room, whether a person has entered the room, and so on. For this reason, a television camera system is installed in the room, and the condition of the subject in the room is observed with a monitor (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, a device (for example, see Patent Document 2) that detects a person's getting out of bed by arranging a detection sheet having a plurality of pressure-sensitive switches that operate by detecting the pressure of a human body on a bed (bed). An apparatus for determining whether or not a subject is on the bed with an infrared sensor attached to the bed board (see, for example, Patent Document 3) has been proposed.

Furthermore, when a weak microwave impulse is transmitted to the subject and a reflected signal from the subject is received, the selection of the microwave reflecting surface by the directivity of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna and the detection distance by the sampling distance gate Respiratory motion and body movement while the subject is sleeping in the bed so that only the reflected signal from the specific part of the subject is received and the subject is away from the bed It has been proposed to detect a state (a bed leaving state) (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

Further, as shown in Patent Document 5, an ultra-wideband radio wave is transmitted toward a specific person (subject), and a time variation of signal intensity for each reflected wave is observed from a received signal of the reflected wave. Respiratory monitoring methods have been proposed that detect a person's respiratory rate and abnormal breathing.

JP 11-338941 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-155406 Japanese Patent No. 3389376 JP 2002-58659 A JP 2009-60989A

However, in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that if the monitor is not always observed, it is impossible to quickly cope with a change in the situation of the subject in the room. In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately grasp a minute change in the state of the subject simply by observing the monitor. In Patent Document 2, when the detection sheet moves during use or the subject intentionally removes the detection sheet, it is reliably detected whether the subject is landing or leaving the floor. There is a problem that it becomes impossible. In Patent Literature 3, when the infrared optical path is blocked by bedding or the like, there is a problem that the subject cannot be detected. And in patent documents 1-3, in order to detect living body information, such as a subject's respiration rate and abnormal breathing, a special sensor must be installed separately, and many sensors are installed around a bed. As a result, there arises a problem that the burden of care and nursing is increased, and the burden of maintenance and management of the sensor is increased.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 4, it becomes possible to detect the subject's breathing motion, body movement, and getting out of bed while avoiding the influence of disturbance, but when the subject moves greatly, the subject is identified. There arises a problem that the reflected signal from the part cannot be received. Further, when the subject leaves the bed, there arises a problem that the subsequent situation of the subject cannot be grasped.
The technique described in Patent Document 5 detects the breathing rate or abnormal breathing of a subject, and by this, it can be confirmed that the subject is in a specific place, but the subject is in a room. There was a problem that it was difficult to detect when moving inside the house.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a moving body monitoring method capable of quickly detecting and notifying when an abnormality occurs in a moving / static state while constantly grasping the moving / moving state of a person in a room. And an apparatus for the same.

The moving body monitoring method according to the first aspect of the invention that meets the above-mentioned object sequentially transmits broadband radio waves as pulses from a certain position into a room to be monitored,
A reflected wave of the transmitted radio wave in the room is received, and the power delay (power intensity distribution indicating the relationship between the reflection delay time and its output) profile (profile data) of the reflected wave is A / D converted. And storing in the storage means,
Obtaining a difference profile 1 (reference difference profile) in time series from a comparison between each profile stored in the storage means and a reference static profile;
Monitoring the subject in the room from the transition pattern of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the stationary profile uses data (reference profile data) in a state where the subject is not present in the room.
The transition pattern can be determined by a change in the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series. Note that the movement of the subject and the position of the subject can be known from the change in the rising position.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1, and a difference profile 2 (that is, a difference profile before and after the difference data before and after each profile corresponding thereto) is preset. It is preferable that the subject's breathing determination or heartbeat determination be performed on condition that the threshold is equal to or less than the threshold value.
And the said breathing determination or the said heartbeat determination can obtain | require the signal strength of the timing corresponding to the position of the said subject of each said profile by Fourier-transforming.

The moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second invention that meets the above-mentioned object sequentially transmits broadband radio waves as pulses from a fixed position in a room to be monitored, and reflects the transmitted radio waves in the room. In the moving body monitoring device for detecting the movement of the subject in the room from the time change of the power delay profile of the wave,
Storage means for receiving the reflected wave in the room of the radio wave transmitted from the transmitting means by the receiving means, A / D converting and storing the power delay profile of the reflected wave;
Reference difference calculation means for calculating a difference between each profile stored in time series in the storage means and a stationary profile stored in the storage means without the subject in the room;
Fluctuation determination means for determining the rise position of the difference profile 1 by arranging the difference profiles 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculation means in time series, and determining whether the rise position fluctuates;
On the condition that the rising position of the difference profile 1 is determined to fluctuate by the fluctuation determining means, the fluctuation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained sequentially by the reference difference calculating means and the test in the room The behavior pattern of the subject is determined by comparing with a variation range indicating the variation of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in advance corresponding to the various behavior patterns of the person, and the determination corresponding to the determined behavior pattern Action discriminating means for outputting a signal.

In the moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the moving body monitoring apparatus includes a notifying unit that operates in accordance with an output of the behavior determining unit.
In addition, when there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1, the difference between the front and rear profiles is calculated by calculating the difference between the front and rear profiles among the profiles obtained sequentially by receiving the reflected wave in the room where monitoring is started. Before and after difference calculating means for obtaining difference data (difference profile 2);
It is preferable to have a moving object discriminating unit for determining whether the difference data before and after obtained by the before-and-after difference calculating unit is equal to or less than a preset threshold value and performing the respiration measurement or heart rate measurement of the subject.
Furthermore, it is preferable that the moving object discriminating unit includes a Fourier transformer.
And it is preferable that the frequency band width of the said radio wave is 100 MHz or more.

In the moving object monitoring method according to the first invention and the moving object monitoring apparatus according to the second invention, since a broadband radio wave is used, a reflected wave from the subject is received even if there is a shield in the room. Therefore, it is possible to easily monitor the state of movement of the subject. Moreover, the power spectrum density of the radio wave is small, and the influence on the subject and electronic equipment used in the room is low.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first aspect of the present invention, when data with no subject in the room is used as the stationary profile, the differential profile 1 is composed only of data relating to the subject who is active. Can do.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first invention, when the transition pattern is determined by a change in the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series, the difference is made corresponding to various behavior patterns of the subject in the room. The behavior pattern in the room of the subject can be determined accurately and quickly only by grasping in advance the fluctuation range indicating the fluctuation of the rising position of the profile 1.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first invention, the subject is subject to the condition that there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1 and that the difference data before and after each corresponding profile is equal to or less than a preset threshold value. When performing respiration determination or heart rate determination, monitoring contents can be automatically changed according to the size of difference data before and after.

In the moving body monitoring method according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to newly use a sensor when the signal strength at the timing corresponding to the position of the subject of each profile is obtained by Fourier transform for breathing determination or heartbeat determination. Therefore, breathing determination or heartbeat determination can be performed at low cost.

In the moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, when the moving body monitoring device has an informing means that operates according to the output of the action determining means, the moving state of the subject can be easily and reliably grasped, and the moving state changes. Can respond quickly.

In the moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, when there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1, the difference between the preceding and succeeding profiles among the profiles sequentially obtained by receiving the reflected wave in the room where the monitoring is started. Calculating the difference data before and after calculating the difference data before and after, and determining that the difference data before and after obtained by the difference calculation means is less than or equal to a preset threshold value, In the case of including a moving object discriminating unit that performs measurement, it is possible to automatically change the monitoring content according to the size (moving / static state) of the difference data before and after (difference profile 2).

In the moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second invention, when the moving body discriminating means includes a Fourier transformer, it is not necessary to newly use a sensor, so that breathing determination or heartbeat determination can be performed at low cost.

In the moving body monitoring apparatus according to the second invention, when the frequency band of the radio wave is 100 MHz or more, the radio wave can be transmitted as a pulse, and the power delay profile of the reflected wave reflected in the room can be easily obtained. Can be sought.

It is a top view of the room monitored by the moving body monitoring apparatus concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the moving body monitoring apparatus. It is the power delay profile obtained by receiving the reflected wave in the room. It is an electric power delay profile in case a subject is a sleep state on a bed. It is a flowchart of the monitoring operation | movement of the moving body monitoring apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the room in an Example. (A) is a graph of the power fluctuation of the difference profile 1 obtained when the subject moves in the room in the embodiment, and the numbers (1) to (6) indicate the operation of the subject. Yes ((1): Sleeping state, (2): Upright state, (3): Sitting on bed, (4): Exiting the room, (5): In the room Nobody is present (6): State of entering the room). (B) is the graph which expanded the part of (1)-(3). (A), (B), (C) are graphs of power fluctuations of the differential profile 1 obtained when the subject moves on different routes of Route 1, Route 2, and Route 3 in the room in the embodiment. is there. (A) is a graph of the temporal power fluctuation of the profile obtained at the measurement timing corresponding to the case where the subject is sleeping in the bed in the embodiment, and (B) is a graph of the spectrum intensity.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the moving body monitoring apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, for example, a broadband radio wave in a room 11 where a subject 27 accommodated in a medical facility or a nursing facility lives. Are sequentially transmitted as a pulse from a certain position in the room 11 and the movement of the subject 27 in the room 11 is detected from the temporal change of the power delay profile of the reflected wave in the room 11 of the transmitted radio wave. It is. Here, in the room 11, for example, an entrance / exit door 14 and a bed 15 used by the subject 27 are installed. Details will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the moving object monitoring apparatus 10, for example, in the room 11 of the radio wave emitted from the transmission antenna 21 connected to the transmission means 12 when there is no subject 27 in the room 11. The reflected wave is received by the receiving means 13 via the receiving antenna 22, and the power delay profile (profile data) is A / D converted and stored as a static profile (static profile data), and monitoring is started. A radio wave is emitted toward the room 11, that is, the room 11 where the subject 27 is present, and the power delay profile of the reflected wave obtained by receiving the reflected wave in the room 11 is A / D converted and stored. Difference between the storage unit 16, each profile stored in the storage unit 16 in time series, and the static profile stored in the storage unit 16 (difference profile 1) And a reference difference computing means 17 for computing.

The moving object monitoring apparatus 10 arranges the difference profiles 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculating means 17 in time series to obtain the rising position, and determines whether the rising position fluctuates, and a fluctuation determining means 18 that determines whether the rising position fluctuates. On the condition that the determination unit 18 determines that the rising position of the difference profile 1 varies, the variation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculation unit 17 and the subject 27 in the room 11 are changed. The action pattern of the subject 27 is determined by comparing with the fluctuation range indicating the fluctuation of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in advance corresponding to the various action patterns, and a determination signal corresponding to the determined action pattern is obtained. And an action discriminating means 19 for outputting.

Furthermore, the moving body monitoring device 10 calculates the difference between the preceding and succeeding profiles among the profiles obtained sequentially by receiving the reflected wave in the room 11 where monitoring is started when there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1. Then, before and after the difference calculation means 23 for obtaining the difference data before and after (difference profile 2), and determining that the difference data before and after obtained by the difference calculation means 23 is less than or equal to a preset threshold value 27 includes a moving body discriminating means 24 for performing respiration measurement 27, and a notifying means 20 that operates in accordance with the outputs of the behavior discriminating means 19 and the moving body discriminating means 24. Here, the moving object discriminating means 24 uses a Fourier transformer that obtains a spectrum intensity distribution by performing fast Fourier transform on the waveform of the time variation of the profile data at the rising position of the difference profile 1, and a maximum peak in the obtained spectrum intensity distribution. An arithmetic unit for obtaining the number of breaths of the subject 27 from the corresponding frequency is provided.

Here, the transmitting antenna 21 and the receiving antenna 22 are, for example, an attachment (not shown) provided in a ceiling portion connected to one of four corner portions in the room 11 (in FIG. 1, the corner portion close to the door 14). It is arranged side by side so as to be held at a certain height position from the floor surface of the room 11 via the members. As a result, radio waves can be emitted from the transmitting antenna 21 toward various directions in the room 11, and reflected waves reflected from various locations in the room 11 can be received by the receiving antenna 22.

The frequency bandwidth of the radio wave emitted from the transmitting antenna 21 is 100 MHz or more, preferably 300 MHz or more, more preferably 500 MHz or more, and further preferably 1 GHz or more. The upper limit of the frequency bandwidth is not particularly specified. By using a broadband radio wave, the transmission output of the radio wave can be reduced, and the influence of the radio wave on the electronic device installed in the subject 27 or the room 11 can be reduced. Further, by setting the frequency band of the radio wave to 100 MHz or more, the radio wave can be sequentially transmitted as a pulse, and the reflected wave reflected in the room 11 is separated on the time axis corresponding to the reflection path length. Can be received. As shown in FIG. 3, in the power delay profile, since the distance from the moving body monitoring apparatus 10 to the subject 27 is known, the reflected wave from the subject 27 can be easily estimated, and at this time, the reflection from the floor or wall is performed. Can be separated from waves.

Here, the transmitter 12 can be a conventional transmitter for broadband radio waves. On the other hand, the receiving means 13 can easily obtain the power delay profile of the reflected wave by measuring the signal intensity of the directly reflected wave at high speed, and the storage means 16 can be, for example, a memory (ROM). ) Can be used.

The reference difference calculation means 17 calculates the difference between the power delay profile obtained by emitting radio waves toward the room 11 where the subject 27 is located and the stationary profile stored in the storage means 14. A program that expresses the function of sequentially obtaining the profile 1 can be formed, for example, by incorporating it into the CPU. Further, the fluctuation determination means 18 obtains the rising position of the difference profile 1 by arranging the difference profiles 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculation means 17 in time series, and determines whether or not the obtained rising position fluctuates with time. When the obtained rising position fluctuates with time, it can be formed by incorporating a program that expresses the function of outputting the rising position to the behavior determination means 19 in, for example, the CPU.

The behavior determination means 19 obtains the fluctuation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculation means 17 on the condition that the fluctuation determination means 18 determines that the rising position of the difference profile 1 fluctuates. The subject corresponding to the variation range is compared by comparing the obtained variation range with the variation range indicating the variation of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in advance corresponding to various behavior patterns of the subject 27 in the room 11. It is possible to form a program that has a function of discriminating the behavior pattern of the person 27 and outputting a discrimination signal corresponding to the discriminated behavior pattern of the person 27 toward the notification means 20, for example, in the CPU.

The front-rear difference calculation means 23 calculates the difference between the front and rear profiles among the profiles obtained sequentially by receiving the reflected waves in the room 11 where monitoring is started when there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1. Thus, a program that expresses the function for obtaining the difference profile 2 can be formed, for example, by incorporating it into the CPU. The moving object discriminating unit 24 determines that the difference profile 2 obtained by the front-back difference calculating unit 23 is equal to or less than a preset threshold value, and performs Fourier transform on the profile data at the timing corresponding to the rising position of the difference profile 1 Thus, a program for performing a respiration measurement of the subject 27 and expressing a function of outputting a respiration measurement signal can be formed, for example, by incorporating it into a CPU.

The notification unit 20 operates according to the determination signal from the behavior determination unit 19 and the respiration measurement signal from the moving body determination unit 24. For example, the behavior pattern of a person other than the subject 27 and the subject 27, and the subject The function of displaying the number of breaths per unit time of the person 27 on the display 25 and the state in which the subject 27 is about to come out of the room 11 from the inside of the room 11, other than the person 27 in the room 11 When a person who wants to enter is in the state of entering, or when the respiration measurement signal disappears (inactive state), a program for activating each of the functions for operating the alarm device 26 is built in, for example, the CPU be able to.

Here, FIG. 4 shows a power delay profile when inhaling air and a power delay profile when exhaling obtained when the subject 27 is sleeping on the bed 15. FIG. 4 also shows a respiratory waveform obtained from the difference between the power delay profile during inhalation and the power delay profile during exhalation.
The power delay profile at the time of inhalation or exhalation shown in FIG. 4 corresponds to the movement of the chest and abdomen accompanying the respiratory motion of the subject 27, and it can be seen that the fluctuation of the power delay profile is very small. On the other hand, even when the subject 27 is sleeping on the bed 15, the power delay profile in the case of performing operations such as moving hands, arms, legs, turning over, moving the head, etc. It is expected to change more than the delay profile. Further, it can be predicted that the fluctuation of the power delay profile obtained when the subject 27 is in a non-operating state (a state in which the breathing motion is also stopped) becomes almost zero.

Therefore, when the difference profile 2 obtained in the sleep state of the subject 27 exceeds the preset threshold value, it can be determined that the subject 27 is not in the sleep state, and the variation determination unit 18 is activated to change the variation determination unit 18. If it is determined that the rising position of the difference profile 1 varies, the behavior determination means 19 can be activated. Further, for example, a transition from a rising state to a leaving state is determined according to the variation of the difference profile 1. On the other hand, when the difference profile 1 has no temporal variation and the difference profile 2 is equal to or less than a preset threshold value, the subject 27 can be determined to be in a sleep state, and the front-rear difference calculation means 23 and the moving object determination means 24 are activated. Thus, the respiration measurement of the subject 27 can be performed.

Here, in the behavior discrimination means 19, the range in which the rising position of the differential profile 1 fluctuates when the subject 27 in the room 11 gets up on the bed 15 and tries to get out of the bed is set as the bed leaving state area. The range in which the rising position of the differential profile 1 fluctuates in a state where the subject 27 in the room 11 moves away from the bed 15 (gets out of bed) and moves in the room 11 is further set as a movement state area. The range in which the rising position of the difference profile 1 fluctuates when the subject 27 is about to go out of the room 11 by opening the door 14 is defined as the leaving state area, and a person opens the door 14 anew. A range in which the rising position of the difference profile 1 in the state of entering the room 11 varies is stored as an entry state area. Therefore, if the variation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 is the bed leaving state region or the moving state region, the behavior determining unit 19 determines the behavior pattern of the subject 27 as the movement in the room 11, and the subject A discrimination signal corresponding to an action pattern that 27 is moving away from the bed 15 or moving in the room 11 is output. Further, if the variation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 is the leaving state region, it is determined that the behavior pattern is such that the subject 27 is about to leave the room 11, and the subject 27 exits the room 11. The discrimination signal corresponding to the action pattern that is being taken is output. Further, if the variation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 is the entrance state area, it is determined that the person 11 is not in the room 11 and the person other than the subject is entering the room 11, and the person other than the subject is in the room 11. The discrimination signal corresponding to the action pattern that is going to enter is output.

Next, the operation of the moving object monitoring method and the moving object monitoring device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
In the room 11 where the subject 27 is located, the reflected wave obtained when a radio wave is emitted from a certain position in the room 11 reflects only a stationary object such as a wall, a floor, and a bed 15 in the room 11. The wave and the reflected wave involving the subject 27 overlap each other.

For this reason, the power delay profile of the reflected wave in which only the stationary object in the room 11 is involved by emitting radio waves from the transmitting antenna 21 toward the unmanned room 11 is stored in the storage unit 16 as a stationary profile (reference profile data). The difference profile 1 (reference difference profile) is stored in advance by the reference difference calculation means 17 from the power delay profile and stationary profile of the reflected wave obtained when the radio wave is emitted into the room 11 where the subject 27 is present. If it calculates | requires, the difference profile 1 will contain only the reflected wave with which the subject 27 concerned. The behavior of the subject 27 can be determined from the transition pattern of the difference profile 1.
Here, when the difference profile 1 exceeds a preset threshold value, it is assumed that the subject 27 is not in a sleep state, and the rising position of the difference profile 1 varies with the passage of the reflected wave reception time by the variation determination means 18. It is determined whether or not. When the rising position of the difference profile 1 fluctuates, it is determined that the subject 27 is moving in the room 11 (behavior observation).

In the behavior determination means 19, the range in which the rising position of the differential profile 1 fluctuates in the state where the subject 27 in the room 11 is getting up on the bed 15 and getting out of bed is set as the bed leaving state area. The range in which the rising position of the difference profile 1 fluctuates in a state where the subject 27 moves away from the bed 15 (moves from the bed) and moves in the room 11 is defined as a movement state region. The range in which the rising position of the differential profile 1 fluctuates while passing through the door 15 and going out of the room 11 is a leaving state area, and further passes through the door 15 into the room 11 to be a person other than the subject. A range in which the rising position of the difference profile 1 in the state where the user is going to enter is stored as an entry state region.

For this reason, when the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained by the reference difference calculation unit 17 varies in the bed leaving state or the moving state region, the behavior determination unit 19 is that the subject 27 is about to leave the bed 15 or leaves, The action pattern is determined to be moving in the room 11 and the action pattern indicating that the subject 27 has left the bed 15 or moved in the room 11 is displayed on the display 25 via the notification unit 20. (Motion trajectory measurement). Further, when the rising position of the difference profile 1 changes the bed leaving or leaving room area, the action determining unit 19 determines that the action pattern is in a state where the subject 27 is leaving the bed 15 or the subject 27 is about to exit from the room 11, An action pattern indicating that the subject 27 is about to leave the bed 15 or leave the room 11 is displayed on the display unit 25 via the notification unit 20 and the alarm unit 26 is activated (leaving alarm or leaving alarm). As a result, the subject 27 in the room 11 is prevented from falling or falling when the subject 27 is about to leave the bed 15 due to aging or sickness. Is possible. Further, when the rising position of the difference profile 1 fluctuates in the room entry state area, the behavior determination unit 19 determines that the behavior pattern is in a state in which a person other than the subject 27 is entering the room 11 and passes the notification unit 20. Then, the behavior pattern that a person other than the subject 27 is about to enter the room 11 is displayed on the display device 25 and the alarm device 26 is activated. This can prevent a suspicious person from entering the room 11.

On the other hand, if there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1 and the data of the difference profile 2 (front-rear difference profile) is equal to or less than a preset threshold value, the subject 27 is determined to be in a sleeping state. It is judged in the means 24 (motion observation), and a breathing judgment (that is, breathing measurement) is performed. Here, the breathing determination is the number of breaths per unit time of the subject 27 obtained by Fourier transforming the time variation (breathing waveform) of the profile data at the timing corresponding to the rising position of the difference profile 1. The result is input to the notification unit 20 as a respiration measurement signal and displayed on the display unit 25. In addition, when the number of breaths of the subject 27 obtained by Fourier transform falls below a preset value, it is determined as a dangerous state or a non-operating state (the breathing motion is also stopped), and the alarm device 26 is activated. To do. Thereby, it is possible to quickly cope with an abnormal situation in which the subject 27 in the room 11 is not breathing.

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a room to be monitored. Room its floor space width 3.3 m, with depth 3.4m is 11.22m ^2. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna are horn-shaped, and are arranged side by side with a spacing of 0.17 m at a position where the height from the floor is 2.2 m at the corner where the door of the room is installed.

A bed in which the subject sleeps is installed in the room, and the linear distance between the subject sleeping on the bed and the antenna (transmission antenna or reception antenna) is 3.2 m. The center frequency of the broadband radio wave emitted from the transmitting antenna is 3.9 GHz, and the frequency bandwidth is 0.5 GHz. The 3 dB beam width of the antenna is 50 ° for E-plain and 60 ° for H-plain. In the embodiment, a vector network analyzer is used, and the power delay profile of the wireless transmission path is acquired using the time domain function.

In FIG. 7A, the subject sleeping on the bed raises his / her upper body on the bed, sits on the side of the bed (door side), moves toward the door, and leaves the room ( This shows the state of power fluctuation of the differential profile 1 measured when a series of actions in which the subject enters the room again and enters the room again. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis is the distance from the door (transmitting antenna, receiving antenna), the vertical axis is the number of frames of the acquired power delay profile (corresponding to the elapsed time), and the axis perpendicular to the paper is the amount of power fluctuation. Show. FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of (1) to (3).

7A and 7B, it can be confirmed that when the subject is in the room, the point where the power fluctuates appears at the position where the subject is present. That is, when the subject is sleeping on the bed, as shown in the region (1) of FIG. 7A, the power fluctuation of the differential profile 1 appears at a distance corresponding to the distance from the door to the bed. It was. In addition, when the subject raises his / her upper body on the bed and sits on the side of the bed, the door moves as shown in the areas (2) and (3) of FIG. The power fluctuation pattern of the difference profile 1 at a distance corresponding to the distance from the bed to the bed changed. It can be seen from FIG. 7B that this appears prominently. Furthermore, when the subject stands up from the bed and approaches the door direction, as shown in the area (4) of FIG. 7A, the power fluctuation point of the differential profile 1 approaches the door, and the room becomes unattended. As shown in the region (5) of FIG. 7A, the power fluctuation point of the difference profile 1 has disappeared. When the subject entered the room and moved in the bed direction, the power fluctuation point of the difference profile 1 approached the bed from the door side as shown in the area (6) of FIG.

8 (A), 8 (B), and 8 (C), the subject approaches the door through different routes from the bed, route 1, route 2, and route 3 (see FIG. 6), respectively, from the room. It shows the power fluctuation of the difference profile 1 obtained when going out and returning to the bed through the same route as when entering the room again. As in FIG. 7A, when the subject approaches the door, the power fluctuation point of the difference profile 1 also approaches the door, and when the subject enters the room again and moves in the bed direction, the difference profile. It was confirmed that the power fluctuation point of 1 approached the bed, and further, the locus of the power fluctuation point of the difference profile was different depending on the route.

FIG. 9A shows the time variation of the received signal intensity (at the timing corresponding to the position of the subject) over 300 seconds of the power delay profile obtained when the subject is sleeping in the bed. FIG. 9 (A) also shows the time variation of the respiratory action measured using a conventionally used wire sensor. FIG. 9B shows a power spectrum obtained by performing Fourier transform on the waveform of the time variation of the received signal strength shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9B, a peak is observed at a position of about 0.12 Hz (7 times / minute) for both the time variation of the received signal intensity and the time variation of the respiratory action measured by the wire sensor. It was confirmed that the breath could be determined from the intensity variation over time.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above-described embodiment, and the matters described in the scope of claims. Other embodiments and modifications conceivable within the scope are also included.
For example, although separate antennas are provided as a transmission antenna and a reception antenna, since radio waves are emitted from the transmission means at regular time intervals, reflected waves are received by the reception means in a time range in which no radio waves are emitted. When receiving, one antenna can be used for both the transmission antenna and the reception antenna.
Further, the moving object discriminating means can perform heart rate measurement by shortening the frame interval for acquiring the power delay profile to, for example, 0.1 second or less.
In the present embodiment, the subject is a subject accommodated in a medical facility or a nursing facility, but if the subject is an elderly person living alone, the safety of the subject can be confirmed. If the user is an exhibition hall such as an art museum, a parking lot, or an ATM, a suspicious person can be found from the user and an alarm can be issued. Furthermore, the moving body monitoring method and the moving body monitoring apparatus can cope with the monitoring of abnormal behavior of animals bred at zoos and homes, or sick animals housed in animal hospitals.

10: moving body monitoring device, 11: room, 12: transmission means, 13: reception means, 14: door, 15: bed, 16: storage means, 17: reference difference calculation means, 18: variation determination means, 19: action determination Means, 20: Notification means, 21: Transmitting antenna, 22: Receiving antenna, 23: Front / rear difference calculation means, 24: Moving object discriminating means, 25: Display, 26: Alarm, 27: Subject

Claims (10)

A step of sequentially transmitting a broadband radio wave as a pulse from a certain position in a room to be monitored;
Receiving a reflected wave of the transmitted radio wave in the room, A / D converting the power delay profile of the reflected wave and storing it in a storage means;
Obtaining a differential profile 1 in time series from a comparison between each profile stored in the storage means and a reference static profile;
And a step of monitoring the subject in the room from the transition pattern of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series. The moving body monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the stationary profile uses data in a state where the subject is not present in the room. 3. The moving object monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the transition pattern is determined by a change in a rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in time series. The moving body monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the difference profile 1 has no temporal variation, and a threshold value in which a difference profile 2 including difference data before and after each profile corresponding thereto is preset. A moving body monitoring method comprising performing a breathing determination or a heartbeat determination of the subject under the condition that: 5. The moving body monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein the respiration determination or the heartbeat determination is obtained by performing Fourier transform on a signal intensity at a timing corresponding to the position of the subject in each profile. Broadband radio waves are sequentially transmitted as pulses from a certain position in the room to be monitored, and the radio waves transmitted from the room are subject to a change in power delay profile of reflected waves in the room over time. In the moving object monitoring device that detects the examiner's movement,
Storage means for receiving the reflected wave in the room of the radio wave transmitted from the transmitting means by the receiving means, A / D converting and storing the power delay profile of the reflected wave;
Reference difference calculation means for calculating a difference between each profile stored in time series in the storage means and a stationary profile stored in the storage means without the subject in the room;
Fluctuation determination means for determining the rise position of the difference profile 1 by arranging the difference profiles 1 sequentially obtained by the reference difference calculation means in time series, and determining whether the rise position fluctuates;
On the condition that the rising position of the difference profile 1 is determined to fluctuate by the fluctuation determining means, the fluctuation range of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained sequentially by the reference difference calculating means and the test in the room The behavior pattern of the subject is determined by comparing with a variation range indicating the variation of the rising position of the difference profile 1 obtained in advance corresponding to the various behavior patterns of the person, and the determination corresponding to the determined behavior pattern A moving body monitoring apparatus comprising: action determination means for outputting a signal. The moving body monitoring apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a notification unit that operates according to an output of the behavior determination unit. The moving body monitoring apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein when there is no temporal variation in the difference profile 1, the front and rear of the profiles obtained sequentially by receiving the reflected wave in the room where monitoring is started. Before-and-after difference calculating means for calculating a difference profile 2 and calculating a difference profile 2 comprising difference data before and after,
And moving object determination means for determining that the difference profile 2 obtained by the front-rear difference calculation means is equal to or less than a preset threshold value and performing respiration measurement or heartbeat measurement of the subject. Motion monitoring device. 9. The moving object monitoring apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the moving object determining means includes a Fourier transformer. 10. The moving object monitoring apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a frequency bandwidth of the radio wave is 100 MHz or more. 11.