JP2011094454A - Underlayer sheet, surface material of the underlayer sheet, and coating film waterproofing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an underlayer sheet, which is provided with a surface material for preventing the swelling and ligting generated in a water-resistant layer, can obtain superior construction workability and enabling restart of the construction immediately after rainfall in a coating film waterproofing method. <P>SOLUTION: The surface material 10 of the underlayer sheet is laid between a substrate 30 and a coating film material 40 in the coating film waterproofing method, and comprises a base material 18, a reinforcing layer 14 laminated on the upper surface of the base material 18 to inhibit the thermal expansion of the coating film material 40, and a coating material 12 having an excellent adhesive property to the coating film material 40 and applied on the upper surface of the reinforcing layer 14 to cover the reinforcing layer 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an underlay sheet laid on a base in a paint film waterproofing method, a surface material used for the undercoat sheet, and a paint film waterproofing method using them.

  The waterproof coating method, which is one of the waterproofing methods for roofs, is a method of forming a waterproof layer by applying a coating material on the base frame or presser concrete. Compared with the waterproof sheet method for laying waterproof sheets And there exists an advantage which can form a waterproof layer easily also in the shape of a complicated construction site | part. In the coating film waterproofing method insulation specification, in order to apply the coating material, joints and cracks on the base are processed in advance so that they are smooth and free of irregularities, and a primer or adhesive is applied to the base An underlaying sheet is laid on top of it, and the coating material is applied in a smooth state.

  The undercoat sheet in the waterproof coating method is also called an underlayer cushioning material, and is generally composed of a surface layer that directly adheres to the coating material and a buffer layer that softens external impacts and vibrations. It is. As the buffer layer, a synthetic resin-based sheet is used, and an acrylic adhesive material or an asphalt-based adhesive material having an adhesive function may be used. Moreover, when a nonwoven fabric is used for the surface layer, the surface layer may also serve as a buffer layer.

  Conventional underlay sheets generally include the following types. 1) A type in which a nonwoven fabric is affixed with an adhesive, 2) A type in which a perforated nonwoven fabric is affixed with an adhesive, a type in which a sealing agent is applied to the whole perforated nonwoven fabric, 3) A type in which a polymer sheet with a back groove is affixed with an adhesive, 4) A type in which the separator laminated on the adhesive material coated on the back surface of the polymer sheet is applied while peeling.

  Moreover, in recent years, as shown in Patent Document 1, in order to prevent cracking due to drying of a coating material, an undersheet coated with a paint that promotes uniform evaporation of moisture and a coating waterproof structure using the same are provided. Has been developed.

JP 2005-194773 A

  When a non-woven fabric or a perforated non-woven fabric is used for the underlay sheet, the non-woven fabric is covered with wind, and it is difficult to efficiently lay the non-woven fabric straight. Moreover, when raining at the time of construction, since rainwater permeates into the nonwoven fabric, it is necessary to wait until the water is dried from the nonwoven fabric even after raining, and there is a problem that construction cannot be resumed immediately. Moreover, since the sealing agent for plugging up a hole after construction is applied when a perforated nonwoven fabric is used, there is a problem in that the number of processes increases and it takes time and effort.

  In addition, when a polymer sheet is used for the underlay sheet, even if an adhesive is used, even the self-adhesive material system is softly bonded to the base, so that it may swell due to deformation of the base or thermal expansion of the coating material Occurred, resulting in a poor finish.

  An example of a mechanism that causes blistering will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a mechanism in which joint swelling occurs in the joint part of the base. As shown in FIG. 6, when the outside air temperature rises in the joint portion 32 of the presser concrete 30 that is the base, the presser concrete 30 expands and deforms in the directions of arrows A and B in FIG. Alternatively, a material filled with a sealing material or the like expands upward (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 6). Thereby, the underlay cushion sheet 11 affixed on the presser concrete 30 is pushed up, peeled off from the presser concrete 30 and swells. On the other hand, the urethane waterproof membrane 40, which is a coating material, thermally expands as the outside air temperature rises, and the entire undersheet 11 expands due to the expansion force. Therefore, it has been desired to suppress the thermal expansion of the urethane coating film waterproof material 40 as much as possible.

  On the other hand, the undersheet of Patent Document 1 is intended to prevent cracking due to drying of the coating material and swelling due to moisture transpiration from the base, and does not suppress the thermal expansion of the coating material. It is difficult to prevent the swelling generated at the joint as described above.

  Therefore, in view of the above-described problems, the present invention provides a surface material that can prevent blistering and lifting generated in the waterproof layer in the waterproof coating method and realize excellent workability, and can resume construction immediately after the rain. The purpose is to provide an underlay sheet.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a surface material for an underlaying sheet laid between a base and a coating material in a waterproof coating method, comprising: a base material; and an upper surface of the base material. A reinforcing layer that is laminated and reinforces the base material to suppress thermal expansion of the coating material, and a coating material (first coating material) having good adhesion to the coating material, the reinforcing layer A surface material for an underlay sheet is provided, which is composed of a coating material (first coating material) that is applied to the upper surface of the material and covers the reinforcing layer.

  In addition, the present invention provides a surface material for an underlay sheet, in which a coating material (second coating material) different from the coating material is applied to the upper surface of the base material in order to bond the base material and the reinforcing layer. To do.

  Moreover, this invention provides the surface material of the underlay sheet in which the said base material consists of a synthetic resin film or a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric.

  Moreover, this invention provides the surface material of the underlay sheet in which the said reinforcement layer consists of organic or inorganic fiber, or a glass mesh.

  The present invention also provides an underlay sheet in which an adhesive layer is formed by partially interspersing an adhesive material having elasticity on the lower surface of the surface material of the underlay sheet.

  Moreover, this invention provides the underlay sheet which attached the separator to the lower surface of the said adhesion layer.

  Moreover, this invention provides the coating-film waterproofing method which affixes the said underlay sheet to the said foundation | substrate by the said adhesion layer, peeling off the said separator.

  Moreover, this invention provides the coating-film waterproofing method which affixes the surface material of the said underlay sheet to the said foundation | substrate using an adhesive agent.

  Moreover, this invention provides the coating-film waterproofing construction method which fixes and adheres the surface material of the said underlay sheet to the said foundation | substrate using a bis | screw.

  The coating material (first coating material) of the surface material according to the present invention adheres the reinforcing layer and the coating material well, and the reinforcing layer of the surface material reinforces the substrate and the undersheet. And the thermal expansion of a coating-film material can be suppressed and generation | occurrence | production of the swelling by the thermal expansion of a coating-film material and a lift can be prevented. That is, the undersheet using the surface material of the present invention makes it possible to finish the roof surface smoothly and cleanly without being affected by the displacement of the casing and the thermal expansion of the coating material. In particular, it is possible to eliminate the swelling generated at the joint portion in the renovation work of the presser concrete base.

  Furthermore, by covering the upper surface of the surface material with paint, even if it rains during construction, rainwater will not penetrate into the base material, and construction will be resumed immediately by wiping off the rainwater adhering to the surface material. Is possible.

  Further, the adhesive layer is formed by partially interspersing the adhesive material on the lower surface of the surface material, so that a communicating air passage is formed when the undersheet is attached to the base. Therefore, it is possible to discharge water vapor or the like generated from the base at any time.

  Further, by attaching a separator (release paper or release film) to the adhesive layer on the lower surface of the surface material, it is possible to apply the underlay sheet to the base while removing the separator. Therefore, the construction speed can be increased quickly and efficiently. Moreover, the adhesive material after peeling a separator also expresses the expected adhesive force at an early stage.

  Moreover, an unevenness | corrugation is formed by laminating | stacking an organic or inorganic fiber or glass mesh on the upper surface of a base material as a reinforcement layer. When the coating material is applied, the coating amount can be controlled by applying the coating material until the unevenness disappears and becomes flat. That is, since the thickness of the coating material applied by the unevenness of the reinforcing layer is known, the film thickness can be visually controlled.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the surface material by this invention. It is a figure which shows the network structure of a glass mesh, (a) is a figure which shows the case where the bundle | flux of a glass fiber is arranged in a biaxial direction, (b) is the case where it arranges in a triaxial direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the underlay sheet using the surface material shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the lower surface of the underlay sheet | seat shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the coating-film waterproofing structure using the underlay sheet | seat shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the mechanism in which a joint swelling occurs in a joint part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a surface material of an underlay sheet and an undercoat sheet according to the present invention and a waterproof coating method using the same will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

  The structure of the surface material of the underlay sheet of this embodiment will be described. The surface material 10 is a sheet-like member that is affixed to a base such as presser concrete in order to apply a coating material such as a urethane coating waterproof material in the waterproof coating method. As shown in FIG. 1, the surface material 10 includes a synthetic resin film 18 that is a base material, and a glass mesh that is a reinforcing layer that reinforces the synthetic resin film 18 to improve strength and suppress thermal expansion of the coating material. 14, a first paint 12 applied to the upper surface of the glass mesh 14, and a second paint 16 applied between the synthetic resin film 18 and the glass mesh 14.

  First, the synthetic resin film 18 that is a base material of the surface material 10 will be described. In the present embodiment, a synthetic resin film is used as the base material. More specifically, the synthetic resin film 18 is made of a polyester film having a thickness of 12 μm. Examples of materials other than the polyester film include polypropylene, nylon, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin film, and a polyurethane film. The synthetic resin film 18 may be subjected to a corona discharge treatment in order to improve adhesion. The thickness of the synthetic resin film 18 is not particularly limited, but is suitably 5 to 100 μm from the viewpoint of strength and economy, more preferably 10 to 50 μm, and still more preferably about 12 μm. is there. When the thickness of the synthetic resin film 18 is about 12 μm, the surface material 10 has appropriate flexibility, so that it becomes easy to become familiar with an uneven ground.

  Next, the glass mesh 14 which is a reinforcement layer is demonstrated. In the present embodiment, a glass mesh made of a bundle of glass fibers is used as the reinforcing layer. Since the linear expansion coefficient of the glass fiber is very small and the strength is high, the synthetic resin film 18, that is, the surface material 10 and the undersheet 20 using the surface material 10 can be reinforced to improve their strength. Moreover, the thermal expansion of the coating material applied to the upper surface of the surface material 10 can be suppressed by appropriately bonding the glass mesh and the coating material.

  Further, by attaching glass fibers to the upper surface of the synthetic resin film 18, irregularities are formed on the upper surface. When applying the coating material, it is possible to manage the coating amount of the coating material by applying the coating material until the unevenness due to the glass fiber disappears and becomes flat. That is, since the thickness of the applied coating material can be determined by setting the thickness of the glass fiber to be applied to a predetermined height, it is possible to prevent the coating material from being insufficient or excessively applied.

  The glass mesh is a sheet having a network structure by arranging a plurality of glass fibers in a predetermined direction and knitting them into a mesh shape. There are two-axis, three-axis, and four-axis types depending on the direction in which the glass fibers are arranged. The surface material 10 of this embodiment employs a biaxial or triaxial glass mesh 14. As shown in FIG. 2A, the biaxial glass mesh is a bundle of glass fibers arranged in the biaxial direction, that is, the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As shown in (b), a bundle of glass fibers is arranged in three axial directions, that is, in the vertical direction and in the diagonal direction with respect to the vertical direction. Although a four-axis glass mesh is not shown, a bundle of glass fibers is further arranged laterally with respect to the three-axis glass mesh.

  The density and thickness of the biaxial glass mesh warp and weft are not particularly limited, but it is composed of single yarn or multiple yarns, the density is 2 to 16/25 mm, the thickness is 100 to 8000 denier, and the number of filaments is 1 to 2000. / A yarn in the range is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and dimensional stability. In this embodiment, a biaxial glass mesh composed of two yarns for both the warp and the weft is used. The density is 5/25 mm, the thickness is 2430 denier, and the number of filaments is 1600/2 yarns.

  In the case of a triaxial glass mesh, the density and thickness of the yarn are not particularly limited, but it is composed of a single yarn or a plurality of yarns, and the length of one side serving as a lattice is 1 to 50 mm. A thickness in the range of 100 to 8000 denier and 1 to 2000 filaments / yarn is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and strength. In this embodiment, the length of one side is 10 mm, the diagonal yarn is 3 yarns, the thickness is 3645 denier, the number of filaments is 2400/3 yarns, the warp yarn is the thickness of 2430 deniers, and the number of filaments is 1600/2. A triaxial glass mesh of yarn is used.

Next, the first paint 12 will be described. The first paint 12 is applied to the uppermost portion of the surface material 10, that is, the upper surface of the glass mesh 14, and is a paint that covers the glass mesh 14 and directly adheres to the coating material. Therefore, it is desirable that the first paint 12 is a material having good adhesion to the coating film material. In this embodiment, since a urethane paint waterproof material is applied as the paint film material, an acrylic urethane resin-based paint is used for the first paint 12. The first paint 12 is not limited to an acrylic urethane resin-based paint, and an acrylic resin-based, urethane resin-based, epoxy resin-based, vinyl resin-based, or alkyd resin-based paint can be used in accordance with the coating material. The coating amount (dry weight) of the first paint 12 is preferably 6 to 60 g / m ² . More preferably, a 12~42g / m ^2, about 30 g / m ² are preferred. In addition, the 1st coating material 12 selects the thing which has favorable adhesiveness with a coating-film material, even if it exposes outdoors during the period until a coating-film material is apply | coated.

  Next, the second paint 16 will be described. The second paint 16 is a paint applied to bond the glass mesh 14 and the synthetic resin film 18. Even if the first paint 12 is applied from the upper surface of the glass mesh 14, the first paint 12 may pass through the gap between the glass mesh 14 and reach the synthetic resin film 18. It is possible to adhere the resin film 18. However, considering that it is used under severe outdoor conditions, it is more reliable to apply the second paint 16 between the glass mesh 14 and the synthetic resin film 18 separately from the first paint 12 described above. It is preferable because it can be adhered to. In the present embodiment, a urethane resin-based paint is used as the second paint 16. The second paint 16 is not limited to the urethane resin type, and an acrylic resin type, an epoxy resin type, and a polyester type can also be used. Since the first paint 12 may pass through the gap between the glass meshes 14 and the first paint 12 and the second paint 16 may adhere to each other, the second paint is considered in consideration of the material of the first paint 12 and the adhesiveness thereto. 16 is preferably an acrylic or urethane resin paint.

  Next, the undersheet 20 using the surface material 10 of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the undersheet 20 is formed by laminating the adhesive layer 22 with the adhesive material partially interspersed on the lower surface of the synthetic resin film 18 of the surface material 10. In the present embodiment, an asphalt-based adhesive material obtained by adding a petroleum-based tackifier or the like to synthetic rubber is used as the adhesive material so that the adhesive layer 22 also serves as a buffer material for the undersheet 20. This asphalt-based pressure-sensitive adhesive material has good water-resistant adhesion and is suitable for the use of the undersheet 20. Other adhesive materials that can be used for the undersheet 20 include styrene / butadiene rubber-based, butyl rubber-based, recycled rubber-based synthetic rubber-based adhesive materials, acrylic adhesive materials, and the like.

  A separator 25 (release paper) is further attached to the lower surface of the adhesive layer 22, and the underlay sheet 20 is transported from the factory to the construction site with the separator 25 attached, and the separator 25 is peeled off at the site to underlay the undercoat sheet 20. Affix to

  By forming the adhesive layer 22 to be partially scattered on the lower surface of the surface material 10, a plurality of grooves are formed as shown in FIG. A ventilating path 23 (insulating portion) that communicates with each other is formed by sticking the underlay sheet 20 in which the groove is formed to a base such as presser concrete or a urethane base. Therefore, water vapor generated from the ground can be discharged as needed, and inconveniences such as deformation and tearing of the waterproof layer due to the swelling phenomenon can be avoided. The undersheet provided with such a ventilation path 23 is generally called a “deaeration insulating sheet”.

  A method for applying the undersheet 20 of the present embodiment will be described. The underlay sheet 20 with the separator 25 is transported to a construction site, and the separator 25 is peeled off on the spot, and is pasted on the primer coated base. This method is a so-called self-attachment method. The self-adhesion method enables high-speed and efficient construction, and the expected adhesive force is expressed early.

  As another method of applying the undersheet 20, the adhesive layer 22 is not formed on the lower surface of the surface material 10 as in the self-adhesion method, but a special adhesive is applied to the base, and the surface material 10 is directly applied to the base. There is also a method (so-called adhesive method).

  Further, the surface material 10 may be fixed and stuck to the holding concrete using a mechanical fixing means such as a screw instead of the self-adhesion method or the adhesive method. The sticking method by screwing has the advantage that the base treatment is simple or unnecessary. When the surface material 10 is screwed, the thickness of the synthetic resin film 18 is preferably about 300 μm from the viewpoint of the strength of the surface material 10.

An example of the waterproof coating structure and the waterproof coating method when using the undersheet 20 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, after the primer 24 is applied to the upper surface of the presser concrete 30 as a base, the underlay sheet 20 is pasted while peeling the separator 25. The lower sheet 20 is pasted by butt construction, and a special joint tape is pasted on the joint portion of the lower sheet 20. After the undersheet 20 is pasted, a urethane coating waterproof material 40 (3.5 kg / m ² ), which is a coating material, is applied in two portions as a waterproof layer. After the urethane coating waterproof material 40 is cured, an acrylic urethane top coat 42 as a finishing material is applied and finished. In addition, after affixing the underlay sheet 20, you may apply it by spraying ultrafast curing urethane with a special coating device.

  Inventors conducted the experiment shown below in order to confirm the effect of the surface material which concerns on this invention. In the experiment, there are four cases: (1) When applied without using a surface material, (2) When a glass mesh is not laminated on the surface material, (3) When a biaxial glass mesh is laminated, (4) Three When the glass mesh of the shaft was laminated, the dimensional change amount of the coating material when each was left in a room with different temperatures was measured to calculate the expansion coefficient.

In the experiment, a specimen having a length of about 900 mm and a width of about 200 mm was prepared, and a urethane coating waterproof material (3.5 kg / m ² ) was applied in two portions in a room at 20 ° C. 24 hours after application, the length of each test specimen was measured. Subsequently, the specimen was left in a room at 60 ° C. for 8 hours, and then the length of each specimen was measured again. As a result of the measurement, the amount of change and the expansion rate are shown in Table 1.

  As can be seen from Table 1, (1) when the coating material is applied without using the surface material, the coefficient of expansion of the coating material is 0.2%, and it is understood that the coating material is thermally expanded. Even when the surface material not laminated with the glass mesh of (2) is used, the expansion coefficient is 0.07%, and the coating film is expanded to a slight degree. When the glass mesh is laminated, the expansion ratios of (3) and (4) are 0.01% for biaxial and 0.00% for triaxial, and the coating material is almost expanded in both cases. Absent. Therefore, when the surface material of the present invention is used, the thermal expansion of the coating material is suppressed, and in particular, the waterproof layer can be prevented from being swollen or lifted at the joint.

  As above, the surface material of the present embodiment, the undersheet using the surface material, and the coating film waterproofing method have been described with reference to the drawings.

In this embodiment, a synthetic resin film is used as a base material, but a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric may be used. Synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric material is not particularly limited to a basis weight both the consideration of material workability and polyester, preferably with 30 to 200 g / m ² basis weight. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the glass mesh which knit the glass fiber was used for the reinforcement layer, you may use the nonwoven fabric by glass paper or an organic or inorganic fiber. Further, in the present embodiment, the synthetic resin film and the glass mesh are bonded using the second paint, but when the synthetic resin film and the glass mesh can be sufficiently bonded only by applying the first paint, It is not necessary to apply two paints.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Surface material 12 1st coating material 14 Glass mesh 16 2nd coating material 18 Synthetic resin film 20 Underlay sheet 22 Adhesive layer 24 Primer 30 Presser concrete 40 Urethane coating waterproof material 42 Top coat

Claims (9)

In the waterproof coating method, the surface material of the underlaying sheet laid between the base and the coating material,
A substrate;
Laminated on the upper surface of the base material, reinforcing the base material and suppressing the thermal expansion of the coating material,
A surface material for an underlay sheet, characterized in that it is a paint having good adhesion to the coating material, and is composed of a paint that is applied to the upper surface of the reinforcing layer and covers the reinforcing layer.   Furthermore, in order to adhere | attach the said base material and the said reinforcement layer, the coating material different from the said coating material was apply | coated to the upper surface of the said base material, The surface material of the underlay sheet | seat of Claim 1.   The surface material of the underlay sheet according to claim 1, wherein the base material is made of a synthetic resin film or a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric.   The surface material of the underlay sheet according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is made of organic or inorganic fibers or glass mesh.   An underlay sheet in which an adhesive layer is formed by partially interspersing an adhesive material having elasticity on the lower surface of the surface material of the underlay cushion sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   Furthermore, the underlay sheet of Claim 5 which attached the separator to the lower surface of the said adhesion layer.   A coating waterproofing method in which the undersheet according to claim 6 is attached to the base by the adhesive layer while peeling off the separator.   A paint film waterproofing method in which the surface material of the underlay sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the base using an adhesive.   A coating waterproofing method in which the surface material of the underlay sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is fixed to the base using a screw.

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