JP2011094060A - Sheet-shaped friction material - Google Patents
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- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(N)=O)C=C1 MHSKRLJMQQNJNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XRASRVJYOMVDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(7-azabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene-7-carbonyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)N)=CC=C1C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C21 XRASRVJYOMVDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、無機粒子が内包された繊維を含む基材を用いた耐摩耗性、高耐熱性、高摩擦係数を有する摩擦材料に関する。 The present invention relates to a friction material having a wear resistance, a high heat resistance, and a high coefficient of friction using a base material including fibers encapsulating inorganic particles.
従来、自動車などの自動変速機用クラッチ摩擦部材及びブレーキ摩擦部材、自動車エンジン用Ｖリブドベルト、農機用Ｖベルト、事務機用平ベルト、自動車用ＣＶＴベルト等の摩擦伝動ベルト及びプーリー部材、プリンター、ファクシミリ、複写機器、事務機器の紙などの送り駆動部などは、摩擦部材に使われる摩擦材同士の摩擦力により動力の伝達もしくは摩擦材の摩擦力を利用して紙の給紙などを行っている。そのため、一般的に摩擦材は効率よく動力を伝達もしくは紙を給紙するために高い摩擦係数、そして、摩擦による耐久性の面から耐摩耗性、耐熱性などが要求される。 Conventionally, friction friction belts and pulley members such as clutch friction members and brake friction members for automatic transmissions of automobiles, V-ribbed belts for automobile engines, V-belts for agricultural machinery, flat belts for business machines, CVT belts for automobiles, printers, facsimiles , Copying equipment, office equipment, such as paper feed drive units, etc., use the frictional force between the friction materials used in the friction member to transmit power or use the frictional force of the friction material to feed paper . Therefore, in general, the friction material is required to have a high friction coefficient in order to efficiently transmit power or feed paper, and to have wear resistance, heat resistance, etc. from the viewpoint of durability due to friction.
特に自動車の自動変速機用クラッチ摩擦材においては一般に、ペーパー摩擦材が用いられ、例えば特公昭５８−４７３４５号公報（特許文献１）や特開平１１−２０１２０６号公報（特許文献２）などに開示されているように、繊維状材料と摩擦調整剤や固体潤滑剤等の各種無機粒子を抄造して紙状の（シート状）基材を得、これにフェノール樹脂等のバインダー樹脂を含浸して加熱硬化して製造される。 In particular, a paper friction material is generally used for a clutch friction material for an automatic transmission of an automobile, and disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-47345 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-201206 (Patent Document 2). As mentioned, paper-like (sheet-like) substrate is obtained by making various inorganic particles such as a fibrous material and a friction modifier and a solid lubricant, and impregnated with a binder resin such as a phenol resin. Manufactured by heat curing.
また、プリンター、ファクシミリ、複写機器、事務機器の紙などの紙送りローラーでは、例えば特開平９−３０７０２号公報（特許文献３）のようにローラーとなる円筒体又は円柱体の外周面に、多数の硬質粒子を分散させた接着剤層を塗布し、接着剤層から突出した硬質粒子が紙に食い込むことで、給紙中のローラーと紙のスリップを抑制したものが知られている。 Further, in paper feed rollers such as paper for printers, facsimiles, copying machines, and office machines, there are many on the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical body or columnar body that serves as a roller as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-9-30702 (Patent Document 3). It is known that an adhesive layer in which the hard particles are dispersed is applied, and the hard particles protruding from the adhesive layer bite into the paper, thereby suppressing slippage between the roller and the paper being fed.
上記のような各種摩擦材はいずれも摩擦材中の硬質な無機粒子が相手材に食い込むことで高い摩擦係数を得るものであるが、無機粒子は接着剤等で摩擦体構成素材の表面に固着されている状態である。従って、摩擦によるせん断力に耐え切れず、無機粒子が脱落し、経時的に摩擦係数が変化してしまうという問題があった。 Each of the above friction materials is a material that obtains a high coefficient of friction when hard inorganic particles in the friction material bite into the mating material, but the inorganic particles adhere to the surface of the friction body constituent material with an adhesive or the like. It is a state that has been. Therefore, there was a problem that the shearing force due to friction could not be endured, the inorganic particles dropped off, and the friction coefficient changed over time.
本発明は上記の問題を解決すべくなされたものであり、長期間の使用でも高い摩擦係数を維持し、耐摩耗性に優れたシート状摩擦材を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a sheet-like friction material that maintains a high coefficient of friction even during long-term use and has excellent wear resistance.
本発明者らは、従来技術における上記課題を解決するため鋭意研究した結果、無機粒子を内包した繊維を原料に使用することで、無機粒子の脱落が抑制されるため、経時的変化が少なく安定的な摩擦係数が得られるシート状摩擦材となることを見出した。
即ち、本発明によれば、
無機粒子を内包した繊維を含むことを特徴とするシート状摩擦材、
好ましくは、該無機粒子を内包した繊維が、少なくとも無機粒子と芳香族ポリアミド樹脂から成り、無機粒子の内包量が全繊維重量に対して５〜９８重量％であり、該無機粒子を内包した繊維がフィブリルを有する短繊維であるシート状摩擦材、
及び、上記シート状摩擦材を含む摩擦部材、
が提供される。
As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present inventors use inorganic fibers-encapsulated fibers as raw materials, so that the removal of inorganic particles is suppressed, so that there is little change over time and stability. It has been found that a sheet-like friction material can be obtained with a specific friction coefficient.
That is, according to the present invention,
A sheet-like friction material comprising fibers encapsulating inorganic particles,
Preferably, the fiber encapsulating the inorganic particles is composed of at least inorganic particles and an aromatic polyamide resin, and the encapsulating amount of the inorganic particles is 5 to 98% by weight with respect to the total fiber weight, and the fibers encapsulating the inorganic particles. A sheet-like friction material, which is a short fiber having fibrils,
And a friction member including the sheet-like friction material,
Is provided.
本発明によれば、無機粒子を内包する繊維（好ましくは芳香族ポリアミド繊維）を用いるため長期間の使用でも無機粒子の脱落がなく高い摩擦係数を維持し、耐摩耗性に優れた摩擦材が得られる。 According to the present invention, since a fiber (preferably an aromatic polyamide fiber) encapsulating inorganic particles is used, the friction material having excellent wear resistance and maintaining a high friction coefficient without dropping off the inorganic particles even during long-term use. can get.
以下、本発明のシート状摩擦材について説明する。
本発明の「シート状摩擦材」とは、無機粒子を内包した繊維を含むシート化した繊維構造体を意味し、均一性、量産性などから湿式抄造法により得られる湿式抄造シートが好ましい。また繊維構造体に有機高分子樹脂が含浸されていてもよい。
Hereinafter, the sheet-like friction material of the present invention will be described.
The “sheet-like friction material” of the present invention means a sheeted fiber structure containing fibers encapsulating inorganic particles, and a wet papermaking sheet obtained by a wet papermaking method is preferred from the standpoint of uniformity and mass productivity. Further, the fibrous structure may be impregnated with an organic polymer resin.
本発明における「無機粒子」とは、例えば、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭化ケイ素、炭化チタン、アルミナ、シリカ、珪藻土、カオリン、酸化マグネシウムなどを単一または複数種組み合わせたものなどが挙げられるが、繊維表面に存在して摩擦係数を増加させる効果があるものであれば、特に限定はしない。 Examples of the “inorganic particles” in the present invention include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, alumina, silica, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, magnesium oxide, etc. However, it is not particularly limited as long as it is present on the fiber surface and has an effect of increasing the friction coefficient.
本発明における「無機粒子を内包した繊維」とは、上述の無機粒子と有機高分子とからなる繊維状に成形されたものを指し、有機高分子を所望の溶媒に溶解して得られるポリマー溶液などに無機粒子を分散させ、有機高分子の非溶媒に導入して凝固、繊維化する方法によって得られたものを意味する。いわゆるフィブリッドと呼ばれる微細フィブリルを有する成形物(繊維)、連続的に繊維化された長繊維、さらに得られた連続長繊維を公知の切断設備を用いて短繊維状にカットしたもの、また、短繊維状にカットしたものをリファイナーやビーター、ミル、高圧ホモジナイザー、摩砕装置等の装置により高度にフィブリル化させたものなどが挙げられる。 “Fiber encapsulating inorganic particles” in the present invention refers to a fiber formed from the above-mentioned inorganic particles and an organic polymer, and is obtained by dissolving the organic polymer in a desired solvent. It is obtained by a method in which inorganic particles are dispersed in, introduced into a non-solvent of an organic polymer, solidified, and fiberized. Molded products (fibers) having fine fibrils called so-called fibrils, continuous fibers made into continuous fibers, further obtained by cutting the obtained continuous long fibers into short fibers using a known cutting equipment, What was cut into a fibrous form and highly fibrillated with an apparatus such as a refiner, beater, mill, high-pressure homogenizer, or grinding apparatus can be used.
本発明のシート状摩擦材は湿式抄造法で作成することが好ましく、無機粒子を内包したアスペクト比を有するフィブリッドと呼ばれる微細フィブリルを有する成形物である有機高分子凝固体が好ましく用いられる。無機粒子を内包し、アスペクト比を有する有機高分子凝固体の製造方法は限定しないが、ＷＯ２００８／１２２３７４ Ａ１などに記載されたように、無機粒子を分散させたポリマー溶液を、ジェット紡糸ノズルを通してポリマー流とし、このポリマー流を撹拌下、水系凝固浴に導入しフィブリルを有する繊維状成形物とする方法が好ましい。 The sheet-like friction material of the present invention is preferably prepared by a wet papermaking method, and an organic polymer solidified body which is a molded product having fine fibrils called fibrils having an aspect ratio encapsulating inorganic particles is preferably used. A method for producing an organic polymer coagulated body containing inorganic particles and having an aspect ratio is not limited, but as described in WO2008 / 122374 A1, a polymer solution in which inorganic particles are dispersed is polymerized through a jet spinning nozzle. A method is preferred in which the polymer stream is introduced into an aqueous coagulation bath under stirring to obtain a fibrous shaped article having fibrils.
該方法により得られたフィブリッドは、該繊維のポリマー部分は水で膨潤した状態であるため、湿式抄造法でシート化した場合、乾燥時にポリマーから水が抜けることによって繊維同士が交絡した状態でポリマー自体が収縮するため、絡み合いが強固となり、無機粒子の拘束力が強くなり、摩擦に対する耐久性が向上するので好ましい。 The fibrids obtained by this method are in a state where the polymer part of the fiber is swollen with water, so when formed into a sheet by a wet papermaking method, the polymer is in a state where the fibers are entangled due to water escaping from the polymer during drying. Since the shrinkage itself, the entanglement becomes strong, the binding force of the inorganic particles becomes strong, and the durability against friction is improved, which is preferable.
繊維の無機粒子の内包量としては、繊維を構成する有機高分子全重量に対して５〜９８重量％が好ましく、２０〜９５重量％がより好ましく、５０〜９０重量％が更に好ましい。無機粒子の内包量が５重量％未満の場合は、有機高分子の特性が支配的となり、無機粒子の特性が発現しにくい。また、無機粒子の内包量が９８重量％を超える場合は、有機高分子の量が少ないため、無機粒子を繊維状に成形することが困難なだけでなく、摩擦材として使用した際に摩擦によるせん断力に耐えられず糸切れを起こしやすくなる。 The amount of the inorganic particles contained in the fiber is preferably 5 to 98% by weight, more preferably 20 to 95% by weight, and still more preferably 50 to 90% by weight based on the total weight of the organic polymer constituting the fiber. When the inclusion amount of the inorganic particles is less than 5% by weight, the characteristics of the organic polymer are dominant, and the characteristics of the inorganic particles are hardly exhibited. Further, when the amount of the inorganic particles included exceeds 98% by weight, the amount of the organic polymer is small, so that it is difficult not only to form the inorganic particles into fibers, but also due to friction when used as a friction material. It is difficult to withstand shearing force and easily breaks yarn.
繊維を構成する有機高分子としては、摩擦熱による劣化及び変形が少ない高耐熱性のものが好ましく、また無機粒子を内包した繊維、特に上記フィブリッドとする上で、ポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド、ポリパラフェニレンテレフタルアミド、ポリ（パラフェニレン）−コポリ（３，４−ジフェニルエーテル）テレフタルアミドなど芳香族ポリアミドがより好ましい。 The organic polymer constituting the fiber is preferably a high heat-resistant one that is less susceptible to deterioration and deformation due to frictional heat. In addition, in order to form a fiber encapsulating inorganic particles, particularly the above-mentioned fibrid, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide, polyparaffin. Aromatic polyamides such as phenylene terephthalamide and poly (paraphenylene) -copoly (3,4-diphenyl ether) terephthalamide are more preferred.
本発明のシート状摩擦材の原料として、無機粒子を内包した繊維の他に、機械的強度の向上を目的として、無機粒子を内包していない繊維やバインダー成分など、また、摩擦特性を調整することを目的として、摩擦調整用粒子などを併用することが出来る。 As a raw material for the sheet-like friction material of the present invention, in addition to fibers encapsulating inorganic particles, for the purpose of improving mechanical strength, fibers and binder components that do not encapsulate inorganic particles are also adjusted, and friction characteristics are adjusted. For this purpose, friction adjusting particles can be used in combination.
無機粒子を内包していない繊維としては、摩擦熱による劣化及び変形が少ないものが好ましく、例えば、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、ロックウール、チタン酸カリウム繊維、シリカ繊維、アルミナ繊維などの無機繊維、アクリル繊維、ポリイミド繊維、ポリメタフェニレンイソフタルアミド繊維、ポリパラフェニレンテレフタルアミド繊維、ポリ（パラフェニレン）−コポリ（３，４−ジフェニルエーテル）テレフタルアミド繊維などの有機繊維が挙げられる。 As the fiber that does not contain inorganic particles, those that are less susceptible to deterioration and deformation due to frictional heat are preferable. For example, carbon fiber, glass fiber, rock wool, potassium titanate fiber, silica fiber, alumina fiber, and other inorganic fibers, acrylic Examples thereof include organic fibers such as fiber, polyimide fiber, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide fiber, polyparaphenylene terephthalamide fiber, and poly (paraphenylene) -copoly (3,4-diphenyl ether) terephthalamide fiber.
また、摩擦材は摩擦調整用粒子を含有することも好ましく、摩擦調整用粒子として、例えば、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭化ケイ素、炭化チタン、アルミナ、シリカ、珪藻土、カオリン、酸化マグネシウム、カシューダスト、ジルコニア、グラファイトなどが挙げられる。 The friction material preferably also contains friction adjusting particles. Examples of the friction adjusting particles include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, alumina, silica, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, magnesium oxide, Examples include cashew dust, zirconia, and graphite.
本発明のシート状摩擦材の製造方法としては、上記のシート状摩擦材の原料を混抄し、抄紙スラリーとしたのち公知の抄紙装置にて湿式抄造シートとし、乾燥後加熱し必要に応じて加圧プレスして密度や厚さを調整して得る方法や、さらに好ましくは、熱硬化性樹脂を所望の溶剤に溶解もしくはエマルジョン状の液体樹脂とし、シートに浸漬し加熱硬化させる方法が好ましい。また、熱硬化性樹脂としては、例えば、フェノール樹脂、ユリア樹脂、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂などが好ましく挙げられる。 As a method for producing the sheet-like friction material of the present invention, the above-mentioned sheet-like friction material is mixed and made into a papermaking slurry, then a wet papermaking sheet in a known papermaking apparatus, heated after drying, and added as necessary. A method obtained by adjusting the density and thickness by press-pressing, or a method in which a thermosetting resin is dissolved in a desired solvent or an emulsion-like liquid resin, and immersed in a sheet and heat-cured is more preferable. Moreover, as a thermosetting resin, a phenol resin, a urea resin, a melamine resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin etc. are mentioned preferably, for example.
また、本発明のシート状摩擦材は、種々のコア材に貼り付けた状態で摩擦部材として使用することが出来る。例えば、自動車の自動変速機用クラッチ摩擦部材であれば芯材である金属製のリングプレートの表面、摩擦伝動ベルトであればその摩擦部位表面、プリンター、ファクシミリ、複写機器、事務機器の紙などの紙送りローラーであればローラー表面、自動車エンジン用Ｖリブドベルト、農機用Ｖベルト、事務機用平ベルト、自動車用ＣＶＴベルト等の摩擦伝動ベルトであれば、それらの摩擦部表面などに貼り付けることで、各種摩擦部材の摩擦特性を向上させることが出来る。 Moreover, the sheet-like friction material of this invention can be used as a friction member in the state affixed on various core materials. For example, if it is a clutch friction member for an automatic transmission of an automobile, the surface of a metal ring plate that is a core material, if it is a friction transmission belt, the surface of the friction part, printer, facsimile, copying machine, paper for office equipment, etc. If it is a paper feed roller, if it is a friction transmission belt such as a roller surface, a V-ribbed belt for automobile engines, a V-belt for agricultural machinery, a flat belt for office machines, a CVT belt for automobiles, etc. The friction characteristics of various friction members can be improved.
以下に本発明を実施例に基づき具体的に説明する。なお本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
（物性評価）
下記項目の物性評価は次の方法で行った。
１、シート状摩擦材の摩擦係数
シート状摩擦材の摩擦係数はＪＩＳ Ｋ７２１８ Ａ法に適用した摩擦磨耗試験機（株エー・アンド・デイ製；ＥＦＭ−III）を用いて下記の条件ですべり距離に対する摩擦係数の変動を測定した。
相手材料；ＪＩＳ Ｋ７２１８ Ａ法に記載の素材及び形状・寸法
試験速度；０．２５ｍ／ｓ
試験荷重；５０Ｎ
すべり距離；９００ｍ
２、シート状摩擦材の耐摩耗性
シート状摩擦材の耐摩耗性は上記摩擦係数測定による磨耗量と試料摩擦面の顕微鏡観察による繊維の毛羽立ち有無により判定した。摩耗量は、試験前後の試料重量の差を測定して求めた。
３、含水率
ＪＩＳ Ｌ１０１３に準拠して測定し下記の式で算出した。
（Ｗ０−Ｗ）／Ｗ０×１００ Ｗ０は乾燥前重量 Ｗは乾燥後重量
The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples. The present invention is not limited to these.
(Evaluation of the physical properties)
The physical properties of the following items were evaluated by the following methods.
1. Friction coefficient of sheet-like friction material The friction coefficient of sheet-like friction material is the sliding distance under the following conditions using a friction and wear tester (manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd .; EFM-III) applied to JIS K7218 A method. Friction coefficient variation with respect to was measured.
Counterpart material: Material and shape / dimension test speed described in JIS K7218 A method; 0.25 m / s
Test load: 50N
Slip distance: 900m
2. Abrasion resistance of the sheet-like friction material The wear resistance of the sheet-like friction material was determined by the amount of wear by the above-mentioned friction coefficient measurement and the presence or absence of fiber fluffing by microscopic observation of the sample friction surface. The amount of wear was determined by measuring the difference in sample weight before and after the test.
3. Moisture content Measured according to JIS L1013 and calculated by the following formula.
(W0-W) / W0 × 100 W0 is the weight before drying W is the weight after drying
［実施例１］
無機粒子を内包した繊維はＷＯ２００８／１２２３７４ Ａ１の方法で、ポリパラフェニレンテレフタルアミド２０重量部、無機粒子として珪藻土（昭和化学工業製；商品名「ラヂオライト＃２００」）８０重量部を使用して作成し、含水率９１％の水膨潤化珪藻土内包繊維を得た。
次に該水膨潤化珪藻土内包繊維を絶乾換算で１００重量部を水１．５Ｌとともに公知の離解機にて離解して抄紙スラリーとし、２５×２５ｃｍ角のＴＡＰＰＩ式手漉きマシ−ンを用いて湿式抄造法にて湿潤シート状物を作成し、プレス脱水及び、温度＝１４０℃、圧力＝９８０ＫＰａで加熱プレスを行い、坪量約１００ｇ／ｍ２の乾燥シートを得た。その後、温度＝３００℃、線圧＝９８０Ｎ／ｃｍでカレンダー処理を施し、シート状摩擦材を得た。得られたシート状摩擦材の物性を表１に、摩擦係数を図１に記載した。
[Example 1]
The fiber encapsulating the inorganic particles is a method of WO2008 / 122374 A1, using 20 parts by weight of polyparaphenylene terephthalamide and 80 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth (manufactured by Showa Chemical Industry; trade name “
Next, 100 parts by weight of the water-swelled diatomaceous earth-encapsulated fiber is disaggregated with a known disaggregator together with 1.5 L of water in a dry dry form to form a papermaking slurry, and a 25 × 25 cm square TAPPI-type handmade machine is used. A wet sheet-like material was prepared by a wet papermaking method, followed by press dehydration and heat pressing at a temperature = 140 ° C. and a pressure = 980 KPa to obtain a dry sheet having a basis weight of about 100 g / m 2 . Thereafter, calendering was performed at a temperature = 300 ° C. and a linear pressure = 980 N / cm to obtain a sheet-like friction material. The physical properties of the obtained sheet-like friction material are shown in Table 1, and the friction coefficient is shown in FIG.
［比較例１］
実施例１において、シート摩擦材の原料として、無機粒子を内包しない水膨潤化繊維を用いたこと以外は同様の方法でシート状摩擦材を得た。尚、該無機粒子を内包しない水膨潤化繊維はＷＯ２００８／１２２３７４ Ａ１の方法において、ポリマー溶液に無機粒子を添加しないで作成した（特表２００７−５１４０６６に記載された方法）。得られたシート状摩擦材の物性を表１に、摩擦係数をグラフ１に記載した。
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, a sheet-like friction material was obtained by the same method except that a water-swelled fiber not including inorganic particles was used as a raw material for the sheet friction material. In addition, the water swelling fiber which does not enclose this inorganic particle was created without adding an inorganic particle to a polymer solution in the method of WO2008 / 122374 A1 (method described in the special table 2007-514066). The physical properties of the obtained sheet-like friction material are shown in Table 1, and the friction coefficient is shown in Graph 1.
［比較例２］
比較例１に使用した無機粒子を内包しない水膨潤化フィブリル化繊維を絶乾換算で２０重量部と珪藻土８０重量部を水１．５Ｌとともに公知の離解機にて離解して抄紙スラリーとして使用したこと以外は同様の方法でシート状摩擦材を得た。得られたシート状摩擦材の物性を表１に、摩擦係数を図１に記載した。
[Comparative Example 2]
20 parts by weight of water-swelled fibrillated fibers not encapsulating inorganic particles used in Comparative Example 1 and 80 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth together with 1.5 L of water were disaggregated with a known disintegrator and used as a papermaking slurry. A sheet-like friction material was obtained in the same manner except that. The physical properties of the obtained sheet-like friction material are shown in Table 1, and the friction coefficient is shown in FIG.
実施例１は比較例１に比べ、摩擦係数が明らかに高いものであった。これは、実施例１のシート状摩擦材は珪藻土内包水膨潤化繊維を使用したため、繊維に内包された状態であっても、珪藻土が摩擦係数向上剤として機能したためと思われる。
また、実施例１は比較例２に比べ、試験前後での摩耗量が少なく、また試料摩耗面からの繊維の毛羽立ちも見られなかった。これは、珪藻土が繊維に内包されているため、摩耗による脱落が少なかったためと思われる。比較例２は珪藻土が内包されていないため容易に脱落するものと思われる。また、実施例１と比較例２の摩擦係数の経時変化から、繊維に内包されていても珪藻土は十分な摩擦係数向上剤として機能していることがわかる。
The friction coefficient of Example 1 was clearly higher than that of Comparative Example 1. This is probably because the sheet-like friction material of Example 1 used diatomaceous earth-encapsulated and swollen fibers, so that diatomaceous earth functioned as a friction coefficient improver even in the state of being encapsulated in the fibers.
Further, Example 1 had a smaller amount of wear before and after the test than Comparative Example 2, and fiber fluffing from the sample wear surface was not observed. This seems to be because diatomaceous earth was included in the fiber, so there was little dropout due to wear. In Comparative Example 2, diatomaceous earth is not included, so it seems to easily fall off. Moreover, it turns out from the time-dependent change of the friction coefficient of Example 1 and the comparative example 2 that diatomaceous earth is functioning as a sufficient friction coefficient improving agent even if it is included in the fiber.
かくして、本発明によれば、摩擦材の原料として、無機粒子が内包された繊維を用いることで、耐摩耗性に優れ、長期の使用においても高い摩擦係数を維持できるシート状摩擦材が提供されるため、各種摩擦材の摩擦特性向上に有効である。 Thus, according to the present invention, by using a fiber containing inorganic particles as a raw material for the friction material, a sheet-shaped friction material that has excellent wear resistance and can maintain a high coefficient of friction even during long-term use is provided. Therefore, it is effective for improving the friction characteristics of various friction materials.
本発明のシート状摩擦材は耐摩耗性に優れ、長期の使用においても高い摩擦係数を維持できるので、該シート状摩擦材を含む摩擦部材は自動車の自動変速機用クラッチ摩擦部材、摩擦伝動ベルト、プリンター、ファクシミリ、複写機器、事務機器の紙などの紙送りローラー、自動車エンジン用Ｖリブドベルト、農機用Ｖベルト、事務機用平ベルト、自動車用ＣＶＴベルト等の摩擦伝動ベルト等に有用である。 Since the sheet-like friction material of the present invention has excellent wear resistance and can maintain a high coefficient of friction even during long-term use, the friction member containing the sheet-like friction material is a clutch friction member for an automatic transmission of an automobile, a friction transmission belt. It is useful for paper feeding rollers such as paper for printers, facsimiles, copying machines and office machines, V-ribbed belts for automobile engines, V-belts for agricultural machines, flat belts for office machines, friction belts for CVT belts for automobiles, and the like.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014034738A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-24 | Teijin Ltd | Heat-resistant organic fiber |
| CN106192066A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 甘涛 | A kind of abrasion resistant fibrous material |
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2009
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014034738A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-24 | Teijin Ltd | Heat-resistant organic fiber |
| CN106192066A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-07 | 甘涛 | A kind of abrasion resistant fibrous material |
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