JP2011089844A - Anemometer device and anemometer system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an anemometer device and an anemometer system capable of measuring a wind direction and a wind velocity at each spot in a room with a simple device structure. <P>SOLUTION: The anemometer device includes a prescribed support shaft, a rotor rotated about the support shaft, a nondirectional wind velocity detector provided on a surface of the rotor in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft, a drive part rotating the rotor via the support shaft, a drive control part controlling the drive part, and a wind direction/velocity calculation part calculating the wind direction and velocity at the spot where the rotor is installed on the basis of an output signal of the wind velocity detector and the rotation angle of the rotor. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind direction wind speed measuring apparatus and a wind direction wind speed measuring system that mainly measure the wind direction and wind speed of a room.

  In recent years, there has been an increase in the use of server rooms in which servers for storing data are centrally arranged, and data centers that are equipped with information communication devices such as routers in addition to servers to enable data communication.

  In such a server room or data center, a large amount of heat is generated from a large amount of electronic equipment, and therefore, heat removal from the room is performed by air conditioning equipment. However, locally, a place with a high temperature such as a heat pool may occur. If a place where the temperature is locally high is generated, the electronic device is overheated and the electronic device is adversely affected. For this reason, it is important to confirm the presence or absence of a place where the temperature is locally high.

  The presence or absence of occurrence of a locally high temperature can be confirmed by obtaining enthalpies at various locations in the room and evaluating whether heat has entered and exited appropriately. In order to determine the enthalpy of each place in the room, information on the wind direction and the wind speed is required along with the temperature of the place.

  A hot-wire or ultrasonic anemometer is often used to measure the wind speed in a room. Both the hot-wire anemometer and the ultrasonic anemometer are excellent in that they have a wide measurement range including a fine wind region and good response. Comparing the hot-wire anemometer and the ultrasonic-type anemometer, the hot-wire type has the advantage that the configuration is simpler and cheaper than the ultrasonic type.

  In addition, an ultrasonic anemometer measures the wind speed using the propagation time difference between the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver, and therefore places where temperature and pressure are not uniform in the space between the transmitter and receiver. If there is, a measurement error may occur due to ultrasonic wave scattering due to a change in the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave or a lens effect. For this reason, the ultrasonic anemometer is not suitable for measuring the wind speed in a region where the spatial temperature change is large, such as a server room or a data center. The hot wire anemometer has no such problem.

  However, on the other hand, the hot-wire anemometer can generally measure only the wind speed, and cannot measure the wind direction by itself. A technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228867 is one that devised the hot-wire anemometer so that the wind direction can also be measured. The technology of Patent Document 1 is a wind direction and wind speed sensor in which two linear heaters whose resistance values change according to temperature are connected to each other at one end and arranged in a hook shape of 30 degrees to 90 degrees, It is supposed that the wind direction and the wind speed can be detected by processing the signals from the respective heaters to which the voltage is applied.

JP 2002-296291 A

  However, in the technique of Patent Document 1, two sensors (heaters) are used for measuring the wind direction, and these sensors are formed in a hook shape, so that the apparatus configuration is complicated. Further, since the wind direction is obtained by comparing and calculating the outputs of the two sensors, the signal processing is also complicated.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind direction and wind speed measurement device and a wind direction and wind speed measurement system capable of measuring the wind direction and wind speed in various places in a room with a simple device configuration.

  In order to solve the above problems, a typical configuration of a wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to the present invention includes a predetermined support shaft, a rotating body that rotates about the support shaft, and a surface of the rotating body that is perpendicular to the support shaft. A non-directional wind speed detector provided in the direction, a drive unit that rotates the rotating body via the support shaft, a drive control unit that controls the drive unit, an output signal of the wind speed detector, and And a wind direction and wind speed calculation unit that calculates a wind direction and a wind speed of a place where the rotating body is installed from a rotation angle.

  According to such a configuration, a simple device configuration is obtained by obtaining the wind direction in a plane perpendicular to the support shaft from the measured output signal of the wind speed detector and the rotation angle of the rotary body, and by obtaining the wind speed at the location where the rotary body is installed. Thus, the wind direction and the wind speed at the place where the wind direction and wind speed measuring device is installed can be measured.

  The above wind direction and wind speed calculation unit obtains the relationship between the output signal of the wind speed detector and the rotation angle of the rotating body, and the wind direction of the place where the rotating body is installed based on the rotation angle of the rotating body when the output signal is minimum It is good to calculate. Thereby, the wind direction calculation is simplified, and the wind direction can be easily determined.

  The driving unit may be a stepping motor. By using the stepping motor, it is possible to accurately position the rotating body with a simple circuit configuration, so that the wind direction can be obtained with high accuracy.

  A typical configuration of a wind direction and wind speed measurement system according to the present invention includes two wind direction and wind speed measurement devices according to any one of the above, so that each support shaft is orthogonal to each other, and each wind direction and wind speed measurement device is provided. The wind direction and the wind speed obtained from the wind direction and the wind speed are provided with a speed calculation unit for obtaining a three-dimensional velocity vector of the wind at the place where the two wind direction wind speed measuring devices are installed.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional velocity vector of the wind at the place where the wind direction and wind speed measuring device is installed with a simple device configuration by vector combining the wind direction and wind speed on three axes orthogonal to each other. it can.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to measure the wind direction and wind speed at various locations in a room with a simple device configuration.

It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the wind direction wind speed measuring apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the relationship between a rotation angle and an output signal. It is the flowchart which showed the flow of the wind direction wind speed measurement. It is a figure explaining the measurement of the three-dimensional velocity vector of a wind.

  Exemplary embodiments of a wind direction and wind speed measuring device and a wind direction and wind speed measuring system according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific numerical values shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In the present specification and drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted, and elements not directly related to the present invention are not illustrated. To do.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a wind direction and wind speed measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 includes a measurement unit 10, a wind direction and wind speed calculation unit 20, and a display unit 40. The measurement unit 10 includes a rotator 11, a predetermined support shaft 12, a wind speed detector 13, a drive unit 14, and a drive control unit 15.

  The rotating body 11 rotates around a predetermined support shaft 12. The intersection of the extension of the axis of the support shaft 12 and the circle on the bottom is indicated by Q. The white arrow indicates the rotation direction of the rotating body 11. The shape of the rotating body 11 is a substantially cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. Thus, in order to detect the wind speed on a plane perpendicular to the support shaft 12 under the same conditions as the rotation of the rotation body 11, the shape of the rotation body 11 may have a circular cross section perpendicular to the support shaft 12. preferable. Therefore, for example, a sphere may be used as another shape of the rotating body 11. In the case of a sphere, the wind speed detector 13 may be provided on the equator of the sphere so that the wind speed detection by the wind speed detector 13 is the same condition.

  The rotating body 11 is preferably small so that the wind flow is not disturbed and the measurement of the wind direction is not affected. For example, in the case of the cylindrical shape shown in FIG. The diameter of the circle is preferably about 3 cm. The rotating body 11 preferably rotates at a predetermined rotation speed or less so as not to generate wind by its own rotation and affect the measurement of the wind direction. It may be 5 seconds / rotation.

  The wind speed detector 13 is provided on the surface of the rotating body 11 in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft 12. As the wind speed detector 13, for example, a detector constituting a hot-wire anemometer is used. The hot-wire anemometer is heated by passing an electric current through a heating wire as a detector. When the heating wire is cooled by the flow of wind, the resistance value of the heating wire changes. It is an anemometer which calculates | requires a wind speed by detecting the change of the resistance value. The hot-wire anemometer is suitable for detecting the wind speed in a room because it has high sensitivity in a light wind region. Note that the wind speed detector 13 uses, for example, a spherical non-directional one in order to detect the wind speed under the same conditions as the rotating body 11 rotates.

  The driving unit 14 rotates the rotating body 11 via the support shaft 12. A stepping motor is preferably used as the drive unit 14. The drive control unit 15 controls the drive unit 14. By using a stepping motor for the drive unit 14, the rotating body 11 can be accurately positioned in accordance with a control signal from the drive control unit 15. Therefore, the wind direction can be obtained with high accuracy with a simple circuit configuration.

  The wind direction and wind speed calculation unit 20 and the drive control unit 15 are realized by a semiconductor integrated circuit including a central processing unit (CPU). The wind direction / wind speed calculation unit 20 is connected to the wind speed detector 13 and receives an output signal of the wind speed detector 13. In addition, the wind direction / wind speed calculation unit 20 is connected to the drive control unit 15, and exchanges signals such as rotation angle information of the rotating body 11 with the drive control unit 15.

  The wind direction / wind speed calculation unit 20 calculates the wind speed of the place where the rotating body 11 is installed based on the output signal of the wind speed detector 13, and based on the output signal of the wind speed detector 13 and the rotation angle of the rotating body 11. The wind direction at the place where the rotating body 11 is installed is calculated. A method of calculating the wind direction will be described later with reference to FIG. The wind direction can be expressed using the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11. The rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11 can be measured, for example, by providing an encoder on the support shaft 12. When a stepping motor is used for the drive unit 14, the rotation angle θ can be measured from the number of pulse signals given to the stepping motor.

  The display unit 40 is connected to the wind direction / wind speed calculation unit 20 and displays the calculation result of the wind direction / wind speed calculation unit 20. For example, the wind direction and wind speed of the place where the rotating body 11 is installed are displayed. For example, a liquid crystal display device can be used as the display unit 40.

  By installing the above-described wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 at the measurement target location of the wind direction and wind speed in the room, the wind direction in a plane perpendicular to the support shaft 12 is calculated from the measured output signal of the wind speed detector 13 and the rotation angle of the rotating body 11. And the wind direction and the wind speed at the place where the wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 is installed can be measured with a simple device configuration.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the rotation angle and the output signal. FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a state where the rotating body rotates on a plane perpendicular to the support shaft. FIG. 2B is a measurement result of the output signal (resistance change) of the wind speed detector 13 due to the mainstream component of the wind. In FIG. 2A, a solid line arrow is a vector component of a wind flow projected on a plane perpendicular to the support shaft 12, and in this example, a wind component on a plane perpendicular to the support shaft 12 is shown. The direction of represents from north to south. The wind direction is assumed to be constant during measurement. A white arrow indicates a rotation direction in which the rotating body 11 rotates about the support shaft 12.

  The wind direction is represented by the rotation angle θ of the rotator 11, and the direction serving as a reference for wind direction measurement, that is, the reference rotation angle θ is θ = 0 °. In FIG. 2, θ = 0 ° is the y-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 2B, the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 gradually increases as the rotation angle θ increases from θ = 0 ° as the rotating body 11 rotates. When the wind speed detector 13 faces west, that is, slightly before the angle θ = 90 ° is reached (ΔR = ΔRmax). Thereafter, the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 decreases with a slightly steep slope and becomes the minimum in the vicinity of θ = 180 ° (ΔR = ΔRmin). Note that the resistance change around θ = 180 ° is small.

  The resistance change ΔR exceeds θ = 180 ° and increases with a slightly steep inclination from a certain rotation angle θ, and when the wind speed detector 13 faces east, that is, slightly beyond the point where θ = 270 °. It becomes maximum again (ΔR = ΔRmax). Thereafter, the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 gradually decreases. Since the cross section perpendicular to the support shaft 12 of the rotating body 11 is a circle, the resistance change of the wind speed detector 13 accompanying the rotation of the rotating body 11 is detected under the same conditions. Therefore, the resistance change ΔR described above is θ = Symmetry occurs between 0 ° to 180 ° and θ = 180 ° to 360 °.

  There is a fluctuation component in the actually measured wind flow, and this fluctuation component is superimposed on the curve shown in FIG. 2B. However, since the fluctuation component is small in the indoor wind, it is ignored in calculating the wind direction Yes. Therefore, the fluctuation component is removed from the measured value, and only the mainstream component of the wind is obtained as shown in FIG. 2B, and the wind direction is calculated therefrom.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 is the minimum value when the wind speed detector 13 is located at the most leeward position (in the case of FIG. 2 at the rotation angle θ = 180 °). It becomes. Therefore, the wind direction can be determined as the rotation angle θ obtained by adding 180 ° (or subtracting 180 °) to the rotation angle θ when the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 is the minimum. That is, in the case of FIG. 2, θ = 360 ° (θ = 0 °) obtained by adding 180 ° to θ = 180 ° at which the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 is minimized can be determined as the wind direction. . That is, the north is determined to be the wind direction.

  Thus, by calculating the wind direction of the place where the rotating body 11 is installed based on the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11 when the output signal (resistance change) is minimum, the wind direction calculation becomes simple and easy. The wind direction can be determined. Moreover, since the rotating body 11 rotates continuously, the relationship between θ and ΔR can also be obtained continuously. Therefore, it is possible to accurately determine θ when ΔR is minimum.

  Note that the method of determining the wind direction from the curve representing the relationship between θ and ΔR is not limited to the above-described method. For example, a predetermined threshold value is set for the resistance change ΔR, and the rotating body 11 having a frequency lower than the threshold value is high. Alternatively, the wind direction may be determined from the rotation angle θ, or after the measured values are smoothed by moving average processing.

  Next, the flow of wind direction and wind speed measurement using the above-described wind direction and wind speed measuring apparatus 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of wind direction and wind speed measurement. First, the rotation angle θ of the rotator 11 is set to θ = 0 °, which is a direction serving as a measurement reference and is a measurement start position (S01). Specifically, the reference rotation angle (θ = 0 °) set in the storage unit built in the drive control unit 15 is called by the CPU, and a drive signal corresponding to the rotation angle θ is sent to the drive unit 14. Given. In response to the drive signal, the driving unit 14 drives the rotating body 11 to set the rotation angle of the rotating body 11 to θ = 0 °. In addition, what is necessary is just to determine arbitrarily the direction used as the reference | standard of measurement.

  Next, the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 at the rotation angle set in step S01 is detected. The resistance change can be detected, for example, by configuring the wind speed detector 13 as one side of the bridge circuit. Since the resistance change is proportional to the wind speed, the wind speed at the detected location can be obtained from the detected resistance change (S03). It should be noted that the temperature change detection accuracy is improved by providing a temperature compensation detector (not shown) for measuring the temperature around the wind speed detector 13 and compensating for the temperature in the resistance change detection of the wind speed detector 13. Can do.

  After detecting the resistance change of the wind speed detector 13, the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11 is changed (S04). That is, the output signal of the wind speed detector 13 is transmitted to the wind direction wind speed calculation unit 20, and the CPU determines that the detection of the resistance change of the wind speed detector 13 at a predetermined rotation angle has been completed. The resistance change detection end signal is transmitted to the drive control unit 15, and a drive signal for rotating the rotating body 11 by a predetermined angle Δθ is output from the drive control unit 15 to the drive unit 14. At this time, when a stepping motor is used for the drive unit 14, θ is changed by giving a pulse signal as a drive signal to the stepping motor.

  Then, it is determined whether or not the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11 is θ = 360 °, which is the measurement end position (S05). Specifically, information on the rotation angle θ is transmitted to the drive control unit 15, and it is determined by the CPU whether or not θ = 360 ° set in the storage unit of the drive control unit 15. If θ is not 360 ° (N in S05), the process returns to step S02 and measurement is continued. Note that the measurement end position may be arbitrarily determined.

  When θ = 360 ° (Y in S05), a curve representing the relationship between the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11 and the resistance change ΔR of the wind speed detector 13 is created (S06), and the wind direction is calculated (S07). The method for creating the curve and the method for obtaining the wind direction are as described above. The measurement result is displayed and the measurement ends (S08). The measurement result is displayed on the display unit 40.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining measurement of a three-dimensional velocity vector of wind. The wind direction and wind speed measurement system 2 includes two wind direction and wind speed measurement devices 1, a speed calculation unit 30, and a display unit 40. The two wind direction and wind speed measuring devices 1 are arranged so that the support shafts 12 are orthogonal to each other. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the support shafts 12 of the two wind direction wind speed measuring devices 1 are installed so as to be parallel to the y axis and the z axis, respectively.

  Each wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 detects a wind flow component on a plane perpendicular to the support shaft 12, and obtains a wind speed from a change in resistance of the wind speed detector 13 by calculation in the wind direction and wind speed calculation unit 20. Based on the rotation angle θ and the resistance change of the wind speed detector 13, the wind direction on the plane is obtained.

  The speed calculation unit 30 performs vector synthesis of the wind direction and the wind speed obtained from the wind direction and wind speed calculation unit 20 of each wind direction and wind speed measurement device 1, thereby three-dimensional wind in the place where the two wind direction wind speed measurement devices 1 are installed. Find the velocity vector. Thereby, it is possible to measure a three-dimensional velocity vector of wind at a place where the wind direction and wind speed measurement system 2 is installed with a simple device configuration.

  The measurement of the three-dimensional velocity vector of the wind can be performed as follows. For example, if i, j, and k are unit vectors on the x, y, and z axes, respectively, and the wind three-dimensional velocity vector v at the place where the wind direction wind speed measurement system 2 is installed is represented by v = ai + bj + ck. To do. At this time, from the wind direction and wind speed measured by the wind direction wind speed measuring apparatus 1 having the support shaft 12 parallel to the y axis, the two-dimensional velocity vector vy of the wind at that location is obtained as vy = ai + ck. Similarly, the two-dimensional velocity vector vz of wind measured by the wind direction wind velocity measuring device 1 having the support shaft 12 parallel to the z axis is obtained as vz = ai + bj. Thereby, since a, b, and c are obtained, the three-dimensional velocity vector v of the wind can be obtained.

  In actual measurement, there may be a case where the measured value of a of vy is different from the value of a of vz. In such a case, for example, it is assumed that one of the values of a is equal to the value of a in v, and the other value of a is corrected by the value of a assumed to be equal to the value of a in v. That's fine. Further, a wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 having a support shaft 12 parallel to the x axis is further installed, and a two-dimensional velocity vector vx = bj + ck of wind measured by the wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1 is obtained by vy and vz. The obtained three-dimensional velocity vector v of the wind can be verified.

  As described above, in the wind direction and wind speed measuring apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the rotating body 11 is rotated around the predetermined support shaft 12 to obtain the wind speed from the resistance change of the wind speed detector 13 and the wind speed detector 13. By obtaining the wind direction based on the change in resistance and the rotation angle θ of the rotating body 11, it is possible to measure the wind direction and the wind speed at the place where the wind direction wind speed measuring device 1 is installed with a simple device configuration. Further, by arranging two wind direction and wind speed measuring devices 1 so that the respective support shafts 12 are orthogonal to each other, and vector synthesizing the wind direction and the wind speed obtained from each wind direction and wind speed measuring device 1, a simple device is obtained. With the configuration, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional wind vector of the wind at the place where the wind direction wind speed measurement system 2 is installed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a wind direction wind speed measuring device and a wind direction wind speed measuring system that mainly measure the wind direction and wind speed in a room.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wind direction wind speed measuring device 2 ... Wind direction wind speed measuring system 10 ... Measuring part 11 ... Rotating body 12 ... Supporting shaft 13 ... Wind speed detector 14 ... Drive part 15 ... Drive control part 20 ... Wind direction wind speed calculating part 30 ... Speed calculating part 40 ... Display section

Claims (4)

A predetermined support shaft;
A rotating body that rotates about the support shaft;
A non-directional wind speed detector provided on the surface of the rotating body in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft;
A drive unit that rotates the rotating body via the support shaft;
A drive control unit for controlling the drive unit;
From the output signal of the wind speed detector and the rotation angle of the rotating body, a wind direction and wind speed calculating unit that calculates the wind direction and the wind speed of the place where the rotating body is installed;
A wind direction and wind speed measuring device characterized by comprising:   The wind direction wind speed calculation unit obtains a relationship between the output signal of the wind speed detector and the rotation angle of the rotating body, and the rotating body is installed based on the rotation angle of the rotating body when the output signal is minimum. The wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the wind direction at a certain place is calculated.   The wind direction and wind speed measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the driving unit is a stepping motor.   The wind direction wind speed measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is provided so that each of the support shafts is orthogonal to each other, and from the wind direction wind speed calculation unit of each wind direction wind speed measuring device. A wind direction and wind speed measurement system comprising a speed calculation unit that obtains a three-dimensional velocity vector of wind at a place where the two wind direction and wind speed measurement devices are installed from the obtained wind direction and wind speed.