JP2011089292A - Removing device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a removing device which does not fail to remove the soil on the surfaces of screws or does not allow removal plates to collide with the screws to prevent the relative rotation thereof from being inhibited even if a plurality of screw shafts connected to each other are used and the pitches of the screws are slightly dispersed. <P>SOLUTION: This removing device includes a roller 14 which is attached to a rotating tube 10 into which a screw 6 for excavation is inserted, which is moved in contact with the surface of the screw 6, and which supports the rotating tube 10 rotatably relative to the screw 6; and the removal plate 12 which is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotating tube 10 and which removes the soil adhered to the screw 6 by the leading edge 12a when the rotating tube 10 and the screw 6 are rotated relative to each other. The roller 14 is provided within the range of 180° which is the center angle relative to a radius extending through the leading edge 12a of the removing plate 12 and the center of the rotating tube 10 and which is formed rearward of the radius in the rotating direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a removing device that removes soil or the like adhering to a screw of an excavator.

Conventionally, a screw is pushed into the ground while rotating, and then it is lifted up and excavated. When the screw is pushed into the ground in this way and then lifted, the soil remains naturally attached to the screw, but the soil attached to the screw is manually removed using a shovel or the like. Sometimes it was removed.
However, since the work of manually removing soil attached to the screw is harsh and dangerous, removal devices for soil and the like have been developed in recent years to automate it.

This apparatus is used by being attached to, for example, an excavator shown in FIG. 8, and this excavator is provided with a pair of rails 2 on a leader 1 which is a guide column standing at an excavation site. The elevator 3 is provided so that it can be raised and lowered. The elevator 3 is provided with a rotation drive mechanism 4 and a screw shaft 5 is detachably provided on the rotation drive mechanism 4.
When the screw shaft 5 is attached to the rotational drive mechanism 4 and the screw shaft 5 is pushed down while rotating, the screw 6 is pushed into the ground while rotating. When the screw 6 is pushed to the desired depth, it is pulled up while rotating the screw 6 in the same direction as during excavation. At this time, the soil filled between the screws 6 is also pulled up at the same time. An excavation hole having an inner diameter corresponding to the diameter is formed.

In addition, a removal device 7 is provided on the rail 2 below the elevator 3 in the leader 1, and the removal device 7 is provided along the rail 2 as shown in FIGS. A mounting member 8 that moves up and down, a gear box 9 that is fixed to the mounting member 8 and accommodates a ring-shaped gear (not shown), and is provided inside the gear box 9 so as to be rotatable integrally with the ring-shaped gear. A rotating cylinder 10 is provided.
A hydraulic motor 11 is attached to the upper portion of the gear box 9, and the hydraulic motor 11 is connected to the ring-shaped gear via a power transmission mechanism (not shown), and the driving force of the hydraulic motor 11 is applied to the rotating cylinder. 10 is transmitted. Accordingly, when the hydraulic motor 11 is driven, the rotating cylinder 10 is also rotated accordingly.

The rotary cylinder 10 configured as described above has a diameter that covers the outer periphery of the screw 6. On the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 10, a removal plate 12 having a size corresponding to about a half circumference of the rotary cylinder 10 is fixed along the outer periphery of the screw shaft 5 and the surface of the screw 6. When the rotary cylinder 10 is rotated with respect to the screw 6 pulled up during excavation work, the removal plate 12 moves along the surface of the screw 6 so as to remove the soil filled between the screws 6. ing.
A rotating shaft 13 protruding toward the screw shaft 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 10 and above the removing plate 12, and a roller 14 is rotatably provided on the rotating shaft 13.
As shown in FIG. 10, the rotating shaft 13 and the roller 14 are located on the surface of the screw 6 at a position deviated from the removing plate 12 in the circumferential direction of the rotating cylinder 10 and above the removing plate 12. It is provided in the position where it contacts.

The roller 14 supports the rotary cylinder 10 by contacting the surface of the screw 6, and the distance between the surface of the screw 6 and the front edge 12 a of the removal plate 12 is maintained at a predetermined size below the roller 14. The predetermined distance between the front edge 12a of the removal plate and the surface of the screw 6 is a distance away so that the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 does not hit the surface of the screw 6 and hinder the rotation of the screw 6. In addition, the distance is close enough to remove dirt or the like adhering to the surface of the screw 6.
In FIG. 9, reference numeral 15 denotes an open portion formed in the rotating cylinder 10, and when the removal plate 12 rotates with respect to the screw 6, dirt or stones scraped off by the front edge 12 a are removed from the rotating cylinder 10. 10 to facilitate release to the outside.

Moreover, the positional relationship of the said removal board 12, the roller 14, and the screw 6 is demonstrated using FIG. However, FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram for explaining the positional relationship between the above-described members, and does not accurately represent the shape and dimensions of each member.
Since the roller 14 and the removal plate 12 are fixed to the inner wall of the rotary passage 10 by welding or the like, the axial distance L1 from the contact P between the roller 14 and the surface of the screw 6 to the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 is as follows. It is unique to the removal device. When such a roller 14 contacts the surface of the screw 6, the distance d1 between the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the surface 6 of the screw 6 is maintained (see FIG. 11).

JP 11-256971 A

  In the excavator as described above, since the inner diameter of the drilling hole is determined by the outer diameter of the screw 6, the screw 6 having the outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the target drilling hole is used. In order to form, the screw 6 more than the target depth is required, but in order to realize the length, a plurality of screw shafts 5 may be connected and used.

  On the other hand, there is no strict standard for the pitch of the screw 6, and it is a reality that the screw pitch varies somewhat for each screw shaft 5. The difference in the pitch of the screw 6 means that the inclination of the surface of the screw 6 is different. In this way, the conventional removal device 7 is used in an excavator connected with the screw 6 having a variation in inclination. In the case, there were the following problems.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the case of a conventional removal device in which the roller 14 is provided at a position rotated 270 degrees in the direction from the front edge 12 a to the rear edge 12 b of the removal plate 12, that is, in the rotation direction of the removal plate 12, The roller 14 and the front edge of the removal plate 12 are separated from each other by about three quarters of the pitch of the screw 6. The axial distance from the contact point P between the roller 14 and the screw 6 surface to the removal plate 12 is a distance L1 shown in FIG. 11, but the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 are fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 10. The distance L1 is constant.
When the screw 6 has an inclination indicated by a solid line, the roller 14 contacts the screw 6 to maintain the distance d1 between the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the surface p1 of the screw 6, and the front edge 12a. The soil etc. adhering to the screw 6 can be removed.

However, when the screw 6 having a slightly different pitch and having a slope indicated by a broken line that is slightly larger than the slope indicated by the solid line is used, as shown in FIG. The distance d2 between the screw 6 and the surface 6 of the screw 6 is greater than the distance d1. As described above, when the distance between the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the screw surface is increased, soil or the like adhering to the screw 6 may pass through the removal plate 12 and cannot be removed.
On the other hand, if the inclination of the screw 6 becomes small and the distance between the front edge 12a and the surface of the screw 6 becomes too small, the front edge 12a may come into contact with the surface of the screw 6 and resistance increases. Thus, the relative rotation between the rotary cylinder 10 and the screw 6 may not be smoothly performed, or the surface of the screw 6 may be damaged.

  The object of the present invention is, for example, when a plurality of screw shafts are connected, and even if there is some variation in the pitch of each screw, the soil on the screw surface may be removed or the removal plate may collide with the screw. It is an object of the present invention to provide a removal device that does not impede relative rotation.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotating cylinder into which a screw for excavation is inserted, a roller that is provided on the rotating cylinder, moves in contact with the surface of the screw, and rotatably supports the rotating cylinder with respect to the screw, and rotation A removal device fixed to the inner periphery of the cylinder, wherein when the rotating cylinder and the screw rotate relative to each other, the soil attached to the screw is removed at the front edge of the removal plate. This is characterized in that the roller is provided within a range of 180 degrees which is a central angle with respect to a radius passing through the front edge of the cylinder and the center of the rotating cylinder and formed rearward in the rotation direction.

The second invention is premised on the first invention and is characterized in that the roller is rotatably provided on the removal plate.
The third invention is based on the first invention, and the rotating shaft of the roller is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotating cylinder, and at least a part of the roller rotatably provided on the rotating shaft corresponds to the removal plate. It is characterized in that it is located in the area.
The area corresponding to the removal plate is an area between a straight line including the front edge of the removal plate and a straight line including the rear edge of the removal plate.

According to the 1st-3rd invention, even when there are some dispersion | variation in the pitch of each screw, such as when connecting and using a some screw, the change of the distance of a removal plate and a screw surface can be made small. For this reason, it is possible to reliably remove the soil attached to the surface of any screw.
In particular, according to the second and third inventions, since the distance in the rotational direction from the leading edge of the removal plate to the roller can be shortened, the influence of variations in the pitch of the screw can be further reduced.

It is a top view which shows the state which looked at the removal board of 1st Embodiment from the upper direction of the rotation cylinder. It is a schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the removal board and screw of 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of a 2nd embodiment. It is a top view of a 3rd embodiment. It is a top view of a 4th embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the side surface side of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the side surface side of 5th Embodiment. It is a general view of the excavator provided with the removal apparatus of the prior art example. It is a general-view figure of the removal apparatus of a prior art example. It is the figure which looked at the removal board of the removal apparatus of a prior art example from the upper direction of a rotation cylinder. It is a schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of the removal board and screw of a prior art example.

  The removal device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is different from the conventional removal device in that the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 are different in function from each member or attached to the excavator shown in FIG. The function of the removing device to be exhibited is the same as that of the removing device 7 of the conventional example. Therefore, also in the following description, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 8 to 11 are used for the same members as in the conventional example.

In the first embodiment, the outer periphery of the removal plate 12 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 10 in the same manner as the conventional removal device, but the length of the removal plate 12 is longer than that of the conventional device shown in FIG. Also shortened. And the rotating shaft 13 of the roller 14 is provided in the position rotated 90 degree | times back from the front edge 12a of the said removal board 12 in the rotation direction. The positional relationship among the removing plate 12, the roller 14, and the screw 6 in such a removing device is shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. That is, the contact point P between the roller 14 and the surface of the screw 6 and the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 are shifted by 90 degrees rearward in the rotational direction and are separated by a distance L2 in the axial direction. This distance L2 is a fixed value determined for each rotating cylinder 10.
In addition, 12b in a code | symbol figure is a rear edge of the said removal board 12. FIG.

In such a removing device, the roller 14 is in contact with the surface of the screw 6 to support the rotary cylinder 10, so that the distance between the front edge 12 a of the removing plate 12 and the screw surface is maintained, and the soil at the front edge 12 a. And so on.
However, also in the removing device of the first embodiment, if the pitch of the screw 6 varies, the inclination of the screw 6 varies, and the distance between the front edge 12a and the surface of the screw 6 changes. For example, FIG. 2 shows a screw 6 indicated by a solid line and a screw 6 indicated by a broken line having a larger inclination. The inclinations of the solid and broken screws 6 are the same as those shown in FIG.

  When the roller 14 is in contact with the surface of the solid screw 6 at the contact point P, the distance d1 between the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the surface p1 of the screw 6 is maintained, but the screw 6 indicated by the broken line is maintained. Is used, the distance between the leading edge 12a and the surface 6 of the screw 6 is the distance d3. Thus, when there is variation in the inclination of the screw 6, the distance between the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the surface of the screw 6 changes. This change amount is the same as that shown in FIG. Smaller than the example.

  The reason is that in the removing device of the first embodiment, the distance from the front edge 12a of the removing plate 12 to the contact P is shorter than that in the conventional example. Thus, the shorter the distance from the front edge 12a to the contact point P of the roller 14, the less the distance between the front edge 12a and the screw 6 surface is affected by the pitch of the screw 6. When the roller 14 is provided with a central angle based on a radius passing through the leading edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the rotation center, and an angle formed rearward in the rotation direction within a range of 180 degrees, Even if the distance between the leading edge 12a and the surface of the screw 6 fluctuates due to the variation in the pitch of the screw 6, it has been confirmed that the fluctuation does not substantially cause a problem.

Therefore, the removing apparatus of the first embodiment in which the roller 14 is provided at a position separated from the front edge 12a of the removing plate 12 in the rotation direction by 90 degrees smaller than the angle 180 degrees includes a plurality of screw shafts 5. When applied to an excavator that is connected and used, even if there is some variation in the pitch of each screw 6, the soil or the like adhering to the screw surface can be removed without any problem. The variation in screw pitch may occur not only between a plurality of screw shafts 5 but also in screws within the same screw shaft 5, and this first embodiment is also applied to such screws. The removal device can remove the soil adhering to the screw surface.
Furthermore, the screw 6 may be deformed during use and the inclination of the screw 6 may be changed. However, the removal device of this embodiment can cope with such a change of the screw.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the roller 14 is made closer to the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 than in the first embodiment, and other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, as shown in the figure, the rotating shaft 13 of the roller 14 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 10 so as to be substantially coincident with the position of the rear edge 12b of the removing plate 12, and the removing plate 12 is provided with a cutting plate. A notch 12c is formed. And the front part of the roller 14 is inserted in this notch 12c. That is, a part of the roller 14 is located in the area corresponding to the removal plate 12.

In the removing device of the second embodiment, the roller 14 is brought into contact with the surface of the screw 6 in the vicinity of the rear edge 12b of the removing plate 12, and the distance between the front edge 12a and the surface of the screw 6 is maintained.
In the removing device of the second embodiment, the distance from the contact point P (see FIG. 2) between the roller 14 and the screw 6 to the front edge 12a of the removing plate 12 is short, so that the pitch of the screw 6 has some variation. Even so, the change in the distance between the leading edge 12a and the surface of the screw 6 is small and does not adversely affect the removal of soil or the like.
Moreover, since the distance between the contact point P of the roller 14 and the front edge 12a of the removing plate 12 is shorter than that of the first embodiment, the removing device of the second embodiment is compared with the removing device of the first embodiment. Further, it is more difficult to be affected by the variation of the pitch of the screw 6.

In the removing apparatus of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the entire roller 14 is provided in the area of the removing plate 12.
Specifically, a rectangular insertion hole 12d is formed near the center of the removal plate 12, and the rotary shaft 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the rotary cylinder 10 so that the roller 14 is positioned in the insertion hole 12d. . The roller 14 is in contact with the surface of the screw 6 in the insertion hole 12d.
Thus, by providing the roller 14 in the area of the removal plate 12, the roller 14 can be brought closer to the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 than in the other embodiments. Therefore, even if it is placed in the removing device of the third embodiment, even if the pitch of the screw 6 varies, it is not easily affected, and the soil on the surface of the screw 6 can be reliably removed.

The fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is a removing device in which a roller 14 is attached to a removing plate 12 fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 10. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, an insertion hole 12d is formed near the center of the removal plate 12, and a pair of bearing members 16 and 16 are fixed to both sides of the insertion hole 12d. The bearing members 16 and 16 rotatably support the rotary shaft 13 and the roller 14 is brought into contact with the surface of the screw 6 so as to face downward from the insertion hole 12d.
Similar to the third embodiment, the removal device of the fourth embodiment is less susceptible to the influence of variations in the pitch of the screw 6 and can remove soil on the surface of the screw 6.
In the fourth embodiment, since the roller 14 is provided on the removal plate 12, the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 can be handled integrally, and attachment to the rotary cylinder 10 is facilitated.

The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is a removing device in which a bearing member 17 is fixed to the rear edge 12 b of the removing plate 12 and the rotating shaft 13 of the roller 14 is supported on the bearing member 17. However, the removal plate 12 of this embodiment is a fan type with a central angle smaller than 90 degrees, and the rotation direction of the roller 14 is based on the radius passing through the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the center of the rotary cylinder 10. It is located in the range of 90 degrees backward. That is, also in this embodiment, the roller 14 is positioned within a range of 180 degrees rearward in the rotational direction with reference to a radius passing through the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 and the center of the rotary cylinder 10.
Therefore, also in the removing device of the fifth embodiment, the distance from the contact P between the roller 14 and the screw 6 located in the vicinity of the rear edge 12b of the removing plate 12 to the front edge 12a of the removing plate 12 is short. Therefore, even if the pitch of the screw 6 with which the contact P contacts is slightly changed, the amount of change in the distance d1 between the leading edge 12a and the surface p1 of the screw 6 can be reduced.

Therefore, even in the fifth embodiment, even if a plurality of screws 6 having slightly different pitches are connected and used, the soil and the like attached to the screws 6 can be removed without being affected by variations in pitch.
Also in this embodiment, the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 can be handled integrally, and attachment to the rotary cylinder 10 is facilitated.

  Even if the pitch of the screw 6 varies, it is necessary to bring the contact point P between the roller 14 and the surface of the screw 6 closer to the front edge 12a of the removal plate 12 in order to reduce the influence. The specific configuration is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, a small roller 14 may be attached to the bottom surface of the removal plate 12.

When the roller 14 is provided outside the area corresponding to the removal plate 12, the circumferential length of the removal plate 12 is shortened in order to shorten the distance from the front edge 12 a of the removal plate 12 to the roller 14. There is a need to.
In the conventional removal apparatus, the inner peripheral side of the removal plate 12 is configured to prevent rotational blurring of the screw 6 along the screw shaft 5. However, if the removal plate 12 is made small as in the above embodiment, the removal plate 12. However, the effect of preventing the screw shaft 5 from blurring is reduced. In that case, the dimensional accuracy between the outer periphery of the screw 6 and the inner periphery of the rotary cylinder 10 may be increased to prevent rotational blurring.

  On the other hand, when the roller 14 is provided inside the area corresponding to the removal plate 12 as in the third and fourth embodiments, even if the removal plate 12 is large, the mounting position of the roller 14 is set to the position of the removal plate 12. It can be brought closer to the leading edge 12a. In other words, while the distance from the leading edge 12a to the contact point of the roller 14 is kept short, the removal plate 12 can be enlarged and the removal plate 12 can prevent the screw shaft 5 from blurring.

In any of the above embodiments, the removal plate 12 is made smaller and the axial distance between the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 is shorter than in the conventional removal device. Therefore, the axial length of the rotary cylinder 10 to which the removal plate 12 and the roller 14 are attached can be shortened, and the axial length of the entire removal apparatus can be reduced.
Since the removal device needs to stand by on the ground at the outer periphery of the screw 6 during excavation work of the excavator, the effective length of the screw 6 that functions for excavation is shortened by the length in the axial direction of the removal device. (See FIG. 8). However, if the axial length of the removing device can be shortened as in the above embodiment, there is an advantage that the effective length of the screw 6 can be increased accordingly. Also in the removing device shown in FIG. 9, the axial length of the removing device can be further shortened by providing the motor 11 below the gear box 9.

On the other hand, when the removal plate 12 welded to the rotary cylinder 10 is lengthened, the removal plate 12 can exhibit functions as a reinforcing rib of the rotary cylinder 10 and a steadying of the screw shaft 5.
In particular, when the opening portion 15 is formed large in the rotating cylinder 10, the strength of the rotating cylinder 10 is reduced. Therefore, in order to maintain the strength of the rotating cylinder 10, it is effective to lengthen the removal plate 12.
The longer the removal plate 12 is, the more sufficient the function as the reinforcing rib and the function as a steady rest for the screw shaft 5. When the central angle is 180 degrees or more, the operation of inserting the screw shaft 5 into the rotary cylinder 10 becomes difficult, and the insertion workability of the screw shaft is deteriorated. Therefore, in order to satisfy all of the workability of reinforcing the rotating cylinder 10, touching the screw shaft 5, and inserting the screw shaft 5, it is preferable that the removal plate 12 has a fan shape with a central angle of 180 degrees or less.

  However, when the removal plate 12 is lengthened so as to function as a reinforcing rib of the rotary cylinder 10, the trailing edge of the removal plate 12 is caused by distortion of the screw due to use or screw pitch variation between different screw shafts 5. The distance between the 12b side and the surface of the screw 6 may vary greatly. In particular, the trailing edge 12b of the removal plate 12 comes into contact with the raised portion of the welded portion between the screw 6 and the screw shaft 5. there is a possibility. Therefore, a notch for forming a gap on the screw shaft 5 side on the rear edge 12b side of the removal plate 12 is formed. By forming such a notch, it is possible to lengthen the removal plate 12 and prevent the removal plate 12 from contacting the screw 6 even if the vertical fluctuation on the rear edge 12b side of the removal plate 12 increases.

5 Screw shaft 6 Screw 10 Rotating cylinder 12 Removal plate 12a Front edge 12b Rear edge 12c Notch 12d Insertion hole 13 Rotating shaft 14 Roller 16 Bearing member 17 Bearing member

Claims (3)

  A rotating cylinder for inserting a screw for excavation, a roller provided on the rotating cylinder, moved in contact with the surface of the screw, and rotatably supported on the screw, and fixed to the inner periphery of the rotating cylinder In the removing apparatus comprising the removed plate, and when the rotary cylinder and the screw rotate relative to each other, the dirt attached to the screw is removed at the front edge of the removed plate. A removal device in which the roller is provided within a range of 180 degrees formed on the rear side in the rotation direction with a central angle based on a radius passing through the center.   2. The removing device according to claim 1, wherein the roller is rotatably provided on the removing plate.   The removing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft of the roller is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotating cylinder, and at least a part of the roller rotatably provided on the rotating shaft is located in an area corresponding to the removing plate.

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