JP5248419B2 - Pile driver and steel pipe pile construction method - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pile driving machine and a steel pipe pile construction method using a pile driving machine, and more specifically, a pile driving machine that performs pile driving work at a place where the height is limited under a bridge or in a factory, and the pile driving machine. The present invention relates to a method of constructing steel pipe piles using a machine.

  As a work machine (pile driver) that performs low-heading pile driving work at places where the height is restricted, such as under bridges, factories, tunnels, and underground, it vertically swivels on a lifting frame that can be raised and lowered on the leader. There is known a basic machine in which a device is mounted and a penetrating rotary drive device is mounted on a swing body of the vertical swing device. According to this basic machine, it is possible to insert and withdraw a shaft body (pile) with respect to the penetrating rotary drive device even in places where there is a height restriction by turning the penetrating rotary drive device sideways. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-291807 A

  However, in the structure described in Patent Document 1, since the penetrating rotary drive device is attached to the swinging frame swinging body provided in the reader, the swinging body is swung around the lifting frame and the penetrating rotary drive device. A turning motor and a drive motor for operating the penetrating rotary drive device are arranged, and when these motors are hydraulic motors generally used in pile driving machines However, it is extremely difficult to handle the hydraulic piping, and the rotating body needs to have sufficient strength, which not only complicates the configuration of the apparatus, but also raises the position of the center of gravity and impairs stability.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a pile driving machine capable of performing a low-head-head pile driving operation in a stable state with a simple device configuration in a stable state, and a steel pipe pile construction method using the pile driving machine. It is intended to provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, a pile driving machine according to the present invention is a pile in which a leader is attached to a front bracket provided in the front part of a base machine, and a rotary drive device having a pile mounting hole formed in the leader is provided so as to be movable up and down. In the hammering machine, the front bracket is provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the base machine by a support shaft in the longitudinal direction of the base machine, and the front bracket is rotated about the support shaft between the front bracket and the base machine. By providing driving means for moving the front bracket, the driving means rotates the front bracket about the support shaft so that the working angle in the vertical direction and the opening of the pile mounting hole are lateral to the base machine. It is characterized in that it can be rotated to a pile attachment / detachment angle opened toward

  Further, in the pile driving machine of the present invention, the front bracket rotates on a support frame provided on a front upper surface of the upper swing body via a support shaft arranged in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body. It is characterized by being provided.

  Further, in the pile driving machine of the present invention, the rotary drive device includes a pile holding cylinder that is detachably mounted in the pile mounting hole, and an inner peripheral surface of the pile holding cylinder has an inner diameter through which the pile can be inserted. In addition, the inner peripheral surface is provided with a concave groove through which engagement protrusions projecting at a plurality of locations in the pile axial direction of the pile outer peripheral surface can pass in the axial direction of the pile holding cylinder, Is characterized in that an engagement recess for engaging with the engagement protrusion is provided.

  Moreover, the construction method of the steel pipe pile of the present invention is a method of constructing a steel pipe pile using the pile driving machine having the above-described configuration, and the front bracket is rotated around the support shaft by the driving means. The steel pipe pile is placed in the pile holding cylinder attached to the pile mounting hole in a state where the leader is at a pile attaching / detaching angle in which the opening of the pile mounting hole of the rotary drive device is opened toward the side of the base machine. The plurality of engaging protrusions that are inserted and protruded on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile are inserted into concave grooves provided on the inner peripheral surface of the pile holding cylinder, and the engaging protrusions that protrude on the lower side of the steel pipe pile are engaged. The pile holding cylinder and the steel pipe pile are relatively rotated while being able to engage with the recess, and the engagement protrusion and the engagement recess on the lower side of the steel pipe pile are engaged, and then the front means is used by the driving means. By rotating the bracket around the support shaft, the reader is The steel pipe pile is constructed to the first preset depth by operating the rotary drive device in a state where it is raised to the working angle in the straight direction to rotate the steel pipe pile and lowering the rotary drive device along the leader. The first construction stage, and after completion of the first construction stage, the pile holding cylinder is rotated to disengage the engagement projection and the engagement recess on the lower side of the steel pipe pile, thereby engaging the lower side engagement projection. Rotate the pile holding cylinder so that the engaging projection protruding from the upper side of the steel pipe pile can be engaged with the engaging recess. After engaging the engaging projection and the engaging recess on the upper side of the steel pipe pile, the steel pipe pile is rotated by operating the rotary drive device and the rotary drive device is lowered along the leader. The second application to construct the pile to the preset second depth It is characterized by sequentially performing the steps.

  According to the present invention, since the reader is rotated to the working angle and the pile attachment / detachment angle via the front bracket to which the reader is attached, it is only necessary to change the structure around the front bracket, and a simple device configuration can be obtained. it can. Further, hydraulic piping to the rotary drive device can be easily performed, and it is not necessary to add a heavy object on the upper part of the reader, so that stability can be improved.

  Furthermore, by attaching the pile to the rotary drive device via the pile holding cylinder, it is possible to easily deal with piles having different outer diameters simply by exchanging the pile holding cylinder. And the raising / lowering range of a rotary drive device is provided in the inner peripheral surface of a pile holding | maintenance cylinder by providing the concave groove which can pass the some engagement protrusion provided in the pile outer peripheral surface, and the engagement recessed part which an engagement protrusion engages. Longer piles can be constructed.

It is a side view which shows one example of a pile driver of this invention. It is also a front view. It is a front view of the pile driver which shows the state where the leader was pushed down in the horizontal direction. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the reader | leader 45 degree | times from the state shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the reader | leader 90 degree | times from the state shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a steel pipe pile and a pile holding cylinder. It is a partial cross section front view of a pile holding cylinder. It is IX-IX sectional drawing of FIG. It is a partial cross section front view which shows the other example of a pile holding cylinder. It is XI-XI sectional drawing of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the construction procedure of a steel pipe pile.

  The pile driving machine 11 shown in the present embodiment includes a base machine composed of a lower traveling body 13 provided with a crawler 12 and an upper revolving body 14 provided on the upper portion of the lower traveling body 13 so as to be rotatable. A leader 16 attached to a front bracket 15 provided at a front portion of the upper swing body 14 so as to be tiltable in the front-rear direction, a rear hydraulic cylinder 17 that supports the leader 16 from a rear portion of the front bracket 15, and the upper swing body 14, a pair of front jacks 18 provided on the left and right of the front, a pair of rear jacks 19 provided on the left and right of the upper swing body 14, a rotary drive device 20 provided on the reader 16 so as to be movable up and down, An elevating hydraulic motor 21 for elevating the rotary drive device 20 along the reader 16 and an elevating chain 23 wound around a plurality of sprockets 22 are provided. In which, the upper rotating body 14, equipment room 25 housing the driver's cab 24 and an engine and a hydraulic unit is provided. The total height of this pile driver is about 2m, and low pile head pile work is done at places where the height is restricted under the bridge, in the factory, in the tunnel, underground, etc., and passes through these places. It is formed so that it can be.

  The rotation drive device 20 is a so-called intermediate-type rotation drive device having a pile mounting hole 20b at the center of the rotation drive unit 20a, and a steel pipe pile 27 is mounted to the pile mounting hole 20b via a pile holding cylinder 26. Then, by operating the pile turning hydraulic motor 20c provided at the base of the rotation drive unit 20a, the steel pipe pile 27 is turned through the pile holding cylinder 26. Further, when the leader 16 rises in a substantially vertical direction and drives the lifting / lowering chain 23 by the lifting / lowering hydraulic motor 21, the rotary drive device 20 moves up and down along the leader 16, and the steel pipe pile 27 is grounded. Can be driven in or pulled out of the ground.

  The front bracket 15 is rotatably provided on a support frame 28 provided on the upper surface of the front portion of the upper swing body 14 via a support shaft 29 disposed in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body 14. A side hydraulic cylinder, which is a drive means for rotating the front bracket 15 about the support shaft 29, between the front end of the arm 28a projecting to the side of the support frame 28 and the side surface of the front bracket 15. 30 is provided. As shown in FIG. 4, the front bracket 15 provided in this way has a working angle in which the leader 16 attached to the front bracket 15 faces in a substantially vertical direction when the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is shortened. By adjusting the expansion / contraction state of the hydraulic cylinder 17 and the side hydraulic cylinder 30, the leader 16 can be set to a predetermined working angle.

  When the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended from the state of the working angle of the reader 16 shown in FIG. 4, the front bracket 15 is opposed to the support frame 28 fixed to the upper swing body 14 as shown in FIG. The reader 16 attached to the front bracket 15 is rotated counterclockwise when viewed from the front of the upper swing body 14. When the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended to the maximum, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the front bracket 15 is rotated to an angle at which the reader 16 becomes substantially horizontal, and the rotary drive device attached to the reader 16. Both ends of the 20 pile mounting holes 20b are turned to the pile attaching / detaching angles opened toward the side of the upper swing body 14 respectively.

  In this way, the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended to rotate the front bracket 15, the leader 16 is tilted to the horizontal pile attachment / detachment angle, the intermediate rotary drive device 20 is turned sideways, and the pile mounting hole 20 b By opening both ends to the side, the steel pipe pile 27 can be attached to and detached from the rotation drive device 20 from the side of the upper swing body 14, so that the rotation drive device is used for construction in places where there is a height restriction. The steel pipe pile 27 can be easily attached to and detached from 20.

  Further, a front bracket 15 to which the reader 16 is attached is provided on the upper swing body 14 of the base machine so as to be rotatable by a longitudinal support shaft 29, and a side hydraulic cylinder for rotating the front bracket 15 by about 90 degrees. Since it is only necessary to provide 30, it is possible to use the reader 16 and the rotary drive device 20 that are generally used from the past as they are, so that a simple structural change is made to a general pile driver. Just can cope.

  Further, the structure can be simplified as compared with that described in Patent Document 1 in which the rotation drive device 20 is rotated with respect to the reader 16, the hydraulic piping is easily routed, and the position of the center of gravity is increased. Without any problem, it is possible to work and travel in a stable state.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the center of the steel pipe pile 27 is sandwiched between the upper and lower portions of the steel pipe pile 27 in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile 27 attached to the rotary drive device 20 via the pile holding cylinder 26. The upper engagement protrusion 31 and the lower engagement protrusion 32 are provided to project at two locations at the opposite positions.

  Further, the pile holding cylinder 26 is formed of a cylindrical body having an inner diameter through which the steel pipe pile 27 to be held can be inserted, and the upper end edge of the pile mounting hole 20b of the rotary drive device 20 is formed at the upper end of the cylindrical body. The abutting flange 26a is provided, and a pair of projecting portions 26b that engage with the turning driving portion provided in the pile mounting hole 20b are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. Further, a concave groove 33 through which the engaging protrusions 31 and 32 can pass is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the pile holding cylinder 26 in the axial direction, and the engaging protrusion 31 is formed on the lower side wall of the concave groove 33. , 32 can be engaged with each other so as to penetrate the cylindrical body.

  The length of the pile holding cylinder 26 is such that when the flange 26a is brought into contact with the upper opening edge of the pile mounting hole 20b, the engagement recess 34 located at the lower part of the cylindrical body protrudes a predetermined amount from the lower end of the pile mounting hole 20b. The engagement recess 34 is set to a length that is visible from the outside. Moreover, the engagement recessed part 34 may be provided in the upper part of the pile holding cylinder 26, and can also be provided in both upper and lower parts.

  The vertical installation positions of the upper engagement protrusion 31 and the lower engagement protrusion 32 in the steel pipe pile 27, the length of the pile holding cylinder 26, and the position of the engagement recess 34 are the length of the steel pipe pile 27 and the rotational drive. It is set by the range of raising and lowering of the device 20, and when the upper engagement protrusion 31 is in a position corresponding to the engagement recess 34, the lower engagement protrusion 32 protrudes below the pile holding cylinder 26 and is disengaged from the groove 33. Thus, when the lower engagement protrusion 32 is at a position corresponding to the engagement recess 34, the upper engagement protrusion 31 protrudes upward from the pile holding cylinder 26 and is in a state of being removed from the groove 33. .

  Therefore, when the upper engagement protrusion 31 or the lower engagement protrusion 32 inserted into the recessed groove 33 is at a position corresponding to the engagement recess 34, the pile holding cylinder 26 and the steel pipe pile 27 are relatively rotated. Thus, the upper engagement protrusion 31 or the lower engagement protrusion 32 can be engaged with the engagement recess 34. At this time, since the engagement recess 34 is provided in a state of penetrating the cylindrical body, the position of the upper engagement protrusion 31 or the lower engagement protrusion 32 and the engagement state with the engagement recess 34 are visually recognized from the outside. be able to.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the pile holding cylinder 26 is a steel pipe pile having different outer diameters by preparing a plurality of pile holding cylinders 26 having the same outer shape and different inner diameters D1 and D2. Even when installing 27, it is only necessary to replace the pile holding cylinder 26, and it is not necessary to match the configuration of the pile mounting hole 20b of the rotary drive device 20 to the outer diameter of each steel pipe pile, and the construction of the steel pipe pile 27 having different outer diameters. Can be easily accommodated.

  Next, a procedure for burying a plurality of steel pipe piles 27 using the pile driving machine thus formed will be described. First, in a state where the pile holding cylinder 26 corresponding to the outer diameter of the steel pipe pile 27 to be installed is mounted in the pile mounting hole 20b of the rotary drive device 20, the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is extended to operate the front bracket 15 on the support shaft 29. 3 and 6, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the leader 16 is tilted to the horizontal direction which is the pile attachment / detachment angle, the axis of the pile holding cylinder 26 is set to the horizontal direction, and the opening of the pile holding cylinder 26 is It is set as the state opened toward the side of the revolving body 14.

  In this state, the steel pipe pile 27 is inserted into the pile holding cylinder 26 from one opening of the pile holding cylinder 26 so that the engaging protrusions 31 and 32 are inserted into the concave groove 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the steel pipe pile 27 is inserted in a state where the steel pipe pile 27 is horizontally placed on a roller 36 provided on the upper surface of the carriage 35 and the carriage 35 is moved to the vicinity of the rotary drive device 20. Thus, it can be easily performed by extruding the steel pipe pile 27 in the direction of the pile holding cylinder 26. When the lower engagement protrusion 32 reaches the position of the engagement recess 34, the insertion of the steel pipe pile 27 is stopped, and the steel pipe pile 27 and the pile holding cylinder 26 are slightly rotated relatively. And the pile holding cylinder 26 is rotated in the forward direction (pile driving direction) to engage the lower engaging projection 32 with the engaging recess 34 and hold the steel pipe pile 27 on the pile holding cylinder 26. Confirmation of the engagement state of the lower engagement protrusion 32 and the engagement recess 34 can be reliably performed by visual inspection from the outside since the engagement recess 34 is provided in a state of penetrating the cylindrical peripheral wall.

  Next, the side hydraulic cylinder 30 is shortened to rotate the front bracket 15 about the support shaft 29, and the reader 16 is raised to a vertical working angle as shown in FIGS. At this time, the rear hydraulic cylinder 17 and the side hydraulic cylinder 30 are expanded and contracted as necessary to adjust the reader 16 to a predetermined angle. In this state, the rotation driving device 20 is operated, the steel pipe pile 27 is rotated in the forward direction via the pile holding cylinder 26, and the lifting hydraulic motor 21 is operated in the descending direction so as to be rotated via the lifting chain 23. The steel pipe pile 27 is buried by lowering the device 20 along the leader 16.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (A), after finishing the first construction stage in which the steel pipe pile 27 is buried to a preset first set depth, normally, until the rotary drive device 20 is in the most lowered state. After embedding the steel pipe pile 27, the rotary drive device 20 is operated to slightly rotate the pile holding cylinder 26 in the reverse direction, and the engagement state between the lower engagement protrusion 32 and the engagement recess 34 is released. The engagement protrusion 32 is in a state where it can pass through the groove 33.

  Then, the elevating hydraulic motor 21 is operated in the upward direction to raise the rotary drive device 20 along the reader 16, and the upper engagement protrusion 31 and the engagement recess 34 are engaged as shown in FIG. The rotation drive device 20 is operated as a position where the engagement is possible, and the pile holding cylinder 26 is rotated in the forward direction to engage the upper engagement protrusion 31 and the engagement recess 34. In this state, similarly to the first construction stage, the rotary drive device 20 is operated to rotate the steel pipe pile 27 and the lifting hydraulic motor 21 is operated to lower the rotary drive device 20 along the reader 16. . Thereby, as shown in FIG.12 (C), the 2nd construction stage which embeds and constructs the steel pipe pile 27 to the 2nd setting depth set beforehand is performed.

  After constructing the steel pipe pile 27 to a predetermined depth, the pile holding cylinder 26 is slightly rotated in the reverse direction to release the engagement state between the upper engagement protrusion 31 and the engagement recess 34, and the upper engagement protrusion When the rotational drive device 20 is raised after the state where 31 can pass through the recessed groove 33, the construction of the first steel pipe pile 27 is completed.

  In order to construct the second and subsequent steel pipe piles 27, as described above, the leader 16 is tilted horizontally to hold the new steel pipe piles 27 in the pile holding cylinder 26, and as shown in FIG. After raising 16 to the vertical working angle, the upper end of the buried steel pipe pile 27 and the lower end of the new steel pipe pile 27 held in the pile holding cylinder 26 are joined by appropriate means, for example, screw connection. From the first construction stage and the second construction stage, the second and subsequent steel pipe piles 27 can be sequentially buried.

  In this way, the upper engagement projecting at two locations above and below the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile 27 in a state where the elevation range of the rotary drive device 20 is limited by the length of the leader 16 and the height dimension of the rotary drive device 20. By using the protrusion 31 and the lower engaging protrusion 32 to raise and lower the rotary drive device 20 twice, it becomes possible to construct a steel pipe pile that is longer than the case where the engaging protrusion is a single steel pipe pile. The hitting operation can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, when attaching and detaching the pile, it is basic that the leader 16 is tilted horizontally and the rotation driving device 20 is turned sideways. However, depending on the situation at the construction site, the leader 16 is rotated 45 degrees or 60 degrees. It is possible to attach and detach the pile. In addition, at a site with a certain margin in height, the above-mentioned engaging protrusions are projected at three or more locations in the vertical direction of the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile 27, and the rotary drive device 20 is moved up and down three times or more. You can also. Furthermore, the steel pipe pile 27 or other various piles can be directly mounted in the pile mounting hole 20b of the rotary drive device 20 without using the pile holding cylinder 26.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Pile driver, 12 ... Crawler, 13 ... Lower traveling body, 14 ... Upper turning body, 15 ... Front bracket, 16 ... Leader, 17 ... Rear hydraulic cylinder, 18 ... Front jack, 19 ... Rear jack, 20 ... Rotation Drive device, 20a ... rotation drive unit, 20b ... pile mounting hole, 20c ... pile turning hydraulic motor, 21 ... elevating hydraulic motor, 22 ... sprocket, 23 ... elevating chain, 24 ... operating room, 25 ... equipment room, 26 ... Pile holding cylinder, 26a ... Flange, 26b ... Projection, 27 ... Steel pipe pile, 28 ... Support frame, 28a ... Arm, 29 ... Support shaft, 30 ... Side hydraulic cylinder, 31 ... Upper engaging projection, 32 ... Lower engaging projection, 33 ... concave groove, 34 ... engaging concave portion, 35 ... carriage, 36 ... roller

Claims (4)

  A pile driving machine in which a leader is attached to a front bracket provided at the front part of the base machine, and a rotary drive device that is formed through the pile mounting hole is provided in the leader so as to be movable up and down. And a driving means for rotating the front bracket about the support shaft between the front bracket and the base machine, the front bracket being moved by the driving means. By rotating about the support shaft, the angle of the leader can be rotated to a vertical working angle and a pile attachment / detachment angle in which the opening of the pile mounting hole is opened to the side of the base machine. A pile driver characterized by that.   The front bracket is provided on a support frame provided on an upper surface of a front portion of the upper swing body so as to be rotatable via a support shaft arranged in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body. The pile driver according to claim 1.   The rotation driving device includes a pile holding cylinder that is detachably mounted in the pile mounting hole, and an inner diameter of the pile holding cylinder has an inner diameter through which a pile to be drilled can be inserted, and an inner peripheral surface of the pile holding cylinder Are provided with concave grooves through which the engaging protrusions projecting at a plurality of positions in the pile axial direction of the outer peripheral surface of the pile can pass in the axial direction of the pile holding cylinder, and the engaging protrusions are formed on the side walls of the concave grooves. The pile driving machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an engaging concave portion to be engaged is provided.   It is a method of constructing a steel pipe pile using the pile driver of Claim 3, Comprising: By rotating the said front bracket centering | focusing on the said spindle by the said drive means, the said reader | leader of the said rotational drive device Insert the steel pipe pile into the pile holding cylinder attached to the pile mounting hole in the state where the opening of the pile mounting hole is at the pile attachment / detachment angle opened toward the side of the base machine, and on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe pile A plurality of projecting engagement protrusions are inserted into a recessed groove provided on the inner peripheral surface of the pile holding cylinder, and the pile protrusions are held in a state in which the engagement protrusions protruding on the lower side of the steel pipe pile can be engaged with the engagement recesses. After rotating the tube and the steel pipe pile relatively to engage the engaging protrusion and the engaging recess on the lower side of the steel pipe pile, the driving means rotates the front bracket about the support shaft. The reader was raised to a vertical working angle. A first construction stage for constructing the steel pipe pile to a preset first depth by operating the rotary drive device in a state to rotate the steel pipe pile and lowering the rotary drive device along the leader; After completion of one construction stage, the pile holding cylinder is rotated to disengage the engagement projection and the engagement recess on the lower side of the steel pipe pile, and the engagement projection on the lower side is positioned in the groove Then, the rotary drive device is raised along the leader, and the pile holding cylinder is rotated so that the engaging projection protruding from the upper side of the steel pipe pile can be engaged with the engaging recess, thereby engaging the upper side of the steel pipe pile. After engaging the mating protrusion and the engaging recess, the rotation driving device is operated to rotate the steel pipe pile, and the rotation driving device is moved down along the leader to set the second depth of the steel pipe pile in advance. It is characterized by sequentially performing the second construction stage of construction. Construction methods of steel pipe pile by that pile driver.

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