JP2011085340A - Grinding and drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact grinding and drying device of a simple structure and simultaneously grinding and drying a raw material in a short period of time while minimizing a damage on the raw material by heat. <P>SOLUTION: This grinding and drying device 1 includes: a cylindrical tank 7 receiving a blade-shaped rotor; a lead-in duct 5 for leading hot air into the cylindrical tank 7; a raw material charging section 9 for guiding the raw material into the cylindrical tank 7; a heater 11 for heating the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank 7; and a delivery duct 15 formed at an front end side of the cylindrical tank 7. The raw material charged into the cylindrical tank 7 is crushed by the rotor, kneaded by the airflow generated by rotation of the rotor, dried by the hot air inside of the cylindrical tank 7, and delivered from the delivery duct 15 with hot air. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing and drying apparatus for crushing and drying raw materials such as organic substances containing moisture.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose apparatuses for pulverizing raw materials. An apparatus for drying a raw material is disclosed in Patent Document 3. Powders obtained by pulverizing or drying raw materials by such techniques are widely used in the fields of food, medicine, and industry. Conventionally, since pulverization and drying of raw materials have been performed by separate apparatuses, it takes a long time to operate the two apparatuses in order to obtain a powder having a desired property. The maintenance of the two devices is complicated, and the combination of the two devices results in a complicated and large structure.

International Publication No. 2008/093839 International Publication No. 2008/032655 JP 2000-146433 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverizing and drying apparatus that is small in size, simple in structure, and capable of simultaneously pulverizing and drying a raw material in a short time without damaging the raw material as much as possible.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cylindrical rotor having a blade-like rotor that rotates about a rotation shaft, a front end and a rear end that house the rotor inside and are separated from each other in the axial direction of the rotation shaft. A tank, an introduction duct extending from the tip of the cylindrical tank to the inside thereof, facing the rotor, and introducing hot air into the cylindrical tank through the opening end; and the cylindrical tank In a posture crossing the axial direction, a raw material charging portion for guiding the raw material to be fed to the rear end side of the rotor inside the cylindrical tank, a heater for heating the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank, and A feed duct provided on the front end side of the cylindrical tank with respect to the opening end of the introduction duct, and an air flow generated by rotation of the rotor by striking the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank with the rotor Powder that is crushed by squeezing , Dried internal hot air of the cylindrical vessel, characterized in that it sends together with hot air from the delivery duct.

  The present invention is characterized by comprising hot air supply means for supplying hot air to the introduction duct and collection means for collecting the powder delivered from the delivery duct.

  Further, according to the present invention, a plurality of the pulverization rows are provided on the rotating shaft so as to be movable with respect to each other in the axial direction, and the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the interval between the plurality of rotors. It is characterized by.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the inside of the cylindrical tank has a cone shape in which an inner diameter decreases from the rotor toward the tip of the cylindrical tank.

  According to the pulverization / drying apparatus according to the present invention, the raw material charged in the cylindrical tank is heated by the heater, and scattered inside the cylindrical tank by striking the rotor. In the process in which this raw material flows along with the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor, the raw material is pulverized into a finer powder by being mixed with each other. Since such powder has a surface area that is dramatically increased compared to the raw material before being pulverized, it can be dried well just by touching the hot air inside the cylindrical tank for a short period of time, and sent together with the hot air from the delivery duct. .

  As described above, the pulverization / drying apparatus according to the present invention can simultaneously realize the pulverization and drying of the raw material in one cylindrical tank, so that the time required for the raw material to become a dry powder can be shortened. it can. In addition, the pulverization / drying apparatus is easier to maintain and has a small and simple structure as compared to the case where individual apparatuses are installed.

  The hot air may be waste heat of a boiler or the like, but when the pulverizing and drying apparatus according to the present invention includes hot air supply means for supplying hot air to the introduction duct, a desired temperature without depending on the boiler or the like, Or the hot air set so that it may become air volume can be flowed in into the inside of a cylindrical tank. The collecting means can separate the powder from the hot air sent from the delivery duct and store the powder in a container or the like.

  Moreover, according to the pulverization drying apparatus according to the present invention, the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the rotation speed of the rotor and the interval between the plurality of rotors arranged in the axial direction of the rotation shaft. In order to reduce the particle size of the powder, it is only necessary to narrow the interval between the plurality of rotors. If this interval is increased, the particle size of the powder increases. This has the following advantages: That is, since the raw material does not have to stay for a long time in the cylindrical tank in order to reduce the particle size of the powder, the time for pulverizing the raw material is not delayed.

  Further, according to the pulverizing and drying apparatus according to the present invention, since the inside of the cylindrical tank has a cone shape in which the inner diameter decreases from the rotor toward the tip of the cylindrical tank, the powder having a relatively large specific gravity is stored in the cylindrical tank. Even if it falls to the bottom of the steel, it can be slid down toward the rotor without being deposited with such powder and hit again with the rotor. Since the radial cross-sectional area of the cylindrical tank becomes smaller toward the tip of the cylindrical tank, the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor is accelerated toward the tip of the cylindrical tank, and the mixing of the raw materials is promoted. It will be.

The schematic of the element which comprises the grinding | pulverization drying apparatus which concerns on this invention. (A) is a top view of the principal part of the grinding-drying apparatus which concerns on this invention, (b) is the side view. Sectional drawing of the principal part of the grinding-drying apparatus which concerns on this invention. The front view which fractured | ruptured the principal part of the grinding-drying apparatus which concerns on this invention partially.

  FIG. 1 shows hot air supply means 3, an introduction duct 5, a cylindrical tank 7, a raw material charging unit 9, a heater 11, a raw material feeder 13, a delivery duct 15, a collecting means 17, and a suction means 19 that constitute the pulverizing and drying apparatus 1. The outline of is shown. FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the introduction duct 5, the cylindrical tank 7, the raw material charging unit 9, the heater 11, the delivery duct 15, and the housing 21. 3 and 4 show the inside of the cylindrical tank 7. The drawings refer to FIGS. 1-4 unless otherwise noted.

  The hot air supply means 3 generates hot air of about 200 to 300 ° C. by heating the air blown from the blower 23 shown in FIG. 1 and supplies this hot air to the introduction duct 5. Here, heating of air can be performed with an electric heater or superheated steam. The introduction duct 5 penetrates a disk 29 that closes the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7, and an open end 31 that protrudes from the disk 29 into the cylindrical tank 7 faces the rotor 33.

  The cylindrical tank 7 is a cylindrical housing that houses the rotor 33. In the section from the tip 27 to the rotor 33, the inner peripheral surface 45 of the cylindrical tank 7 has a cone shape with an inner diameter decreasing from the rotor 33 toward the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7. . The rear end 35 of the cylindrical tank 7 is closed with an end plate material 39 through which the rotation shaft 37 is inserted. In the section from the rotor 33 to the rear end 35, the inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 46 of the cylindrical tank 7 is constant. The inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 46 is preferably set in the range of about 0.5 to 1.0 m.

  The rotor 33 is a flat plate whose center is fixed to the rotating shaft 37, and extends a plurality of blade portions 34 in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 37 as shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 3 exemplifies three rotors 33 that are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 37, but the number of rotors 33 may be one or more. The rotating shaft 37 is connected to the output shaft of the rotating machine 41. The rotating machine 41 is housed in the casing 21 shown in FIG. 2 and rotates the rotor 33 so that the peripheral speed at the tip of the blade portion 34 is about 10 m / s. A transmission may be provided between the rotating shaft 37 and the rotating machine 41.

  The raw material charging unit 9 is formed by joining a pipe, a chute, or a hopper 43 for receiving the raw material supplied from the raw material feeder 13 between the end plate material 39 of the cylindrical tank 7 and the rotor 33. The raw material implies foods such as green tea leaves, black tea leaves, rice cakes, soybeans, or laver, or wastes thereof, as well as materials used in the fields of medical and organic chemical industries, or wastes thereof. The heater 11 is an electric heater or a steam jacket attached to the outer periphery on the rear end 35 side of the cylindrical tank 7, and has an exothermic temperature set to about 200 to 300 ° C.

  The delivery duct 15 is provided in a standing posture along the tangential direction with respect to the inner peripheral surfaces 45 and 46 of the cylindrical tank 7 and closer to the distal end 27 side of the cylindrical tank 7 than the opening end 31 of the introduction duct 5. The collecting means 17 is a cyclone separator whose introduction port is connected to the delivery duct 15. The suction means 19 is formed by connecting the intake port of the blower to the exhaust port of the collection means 17.

  The operation of the pulverizing / drying apparatus 1 will be described below. First, the heater 11 is raised to a desired temperature, and the hot air supply means 3 is started. The hot air of the hot air supply means 3 flows into the inside of the cylindrical tank 7 through the opening end 31 of the introduction duct 5 and flows in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 37 when reaching the end plate material 39 as indicated by an arrow f, Further, it is pushed back toward the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7. On the other hand, the rotating machine 41 is activated to rotate the rotor 33. Thereby, the rotational force of the rotor 33 is applied to the hot air inside the cylindrical tank 7, and an airflow flowing from the rotor 33 toward the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7 is generated while turning in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface 45. . Hereinafter, this is simply referred to as “air flow”.

  Subsequently, the raw material feeder 13 drops an appropriate amount of raw material. This raw material is charged into the cylindrical tank 7 from the raw material charging unit 9 and rotates around the inner peripheral surface 46 between the end plate material 39 of the cylindrical tank 7 and the rotor 33 according to the rotation of the rotor 33. 46 is extended along. Thereby, the area where the inner peripheral surface 46 is in contact with the raw material can be actively increased, and the raw material can be efficiently heated and dried by the heat of the heater 11 conducted to the inner peripheral surface 46.

  When the raw material is dried to some extent and the water content is reduced, the raw material particles become lighter. Such raw material is scattered by being struck by the rotor 33, and further receives the dynamic pressure of the airflow, thereby flowing in the flow space at a high speed along with the airflow. In this process, the raw materials are mixed together to form a powdery powder. In other words, the raw material particles collide violently with each other or repeat rubbing, and the raw material particles collide with the inner peripheral surface 45, whereby the raw material particles are further finely pulverized. Further, the impact of the raw material by the rotor 33 assists the pulverization of the raw material.

  Further, the powder is sent to the collecting means 17 through the delivery duct 15 together with the hot air inside the cylindrical tank 7, separated from the hot air by the collecting means 17, and stored in the container 25. If the raw material feeder 13 further drops the raw material, the pulverization / drying apparatus 1 can continue to pulverize and dry the raw material.

  As described above, since the pulverization / drying apparatus 1 can simultaneously realize the pulverization and drying of the raw material in one cylindrical tank 7, the time required for the raw material to become a dry powder can be shortened. Moreover, the pulverizing and drying apparatus 1 is easier to maintain compared to the case where individual apparatuses as in the prior art are installed, can save installation space, and has a small and simple structure.

  When the raw material is pulverized as described above, the heat exchange between the powder and the hot air is greatly promoted as the surface area increases. Thereby, since the powder is dried well in a short time passing through the fluidized space, it is hardly damaged by heat. The temperature and flow rate of the hot air supplied by the hot air supply means 3 and the internal volume of the cylindrical tank 7 are set so that the air flow is not saturated with water vapor released when the powder is dried.

  Since the inner peripheral surface 45 has a cone shape, even if a powder having a relatively large specific gravity falls while the powder passes through the flow space, such powder is deposited on the bottom of the cylindrical tank 7. It is possible to slide down toward the rotor 33 without hitting and hit with the rotor 33. Since the radial cross-sectional area of the flow space decreases toward the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7, the air flow is accelerated toward the tip 27 of the cylindrical tank 7, and the mixing of the raw materials is promoted. .

  If the intervals between the plurality of rotors 33 are maintained by spacers, the intervals between the plurality of rotors 33 can be increased or decreased or the arrangement of the individual rotors 33 can be changed by exchanging the spacers with different thicknesses. The number of rotations of the rotor 33 and the number of the rotors 33 may be increased or decreased. Further, the particle size of the powder can be easily adjusted by increasing or decreasing the interval between the plurality of rotors 33. For example, in order to reduce the particle size of the powder, the interval between the plurality of rotors 33 may be narrowed or the rotational speed of the rotor 33 may be increased. Increasing the interval between the plurality of rotors 33 increases the particle size of the powder. This has the following advantages: That is, since the raw material does not need to stay in the cylindrical tank 7 for a long time in order to reduce the particle size of the powder, the time for pulverizing the raw material is not delayed.

  Further, according to the pulverization / drying apparatus 1, when two or more kinds of raw materials are pulverized and dried by the pulverization / drying apparatus 1, a powder in which components derived from these raw materials are uniformly mixed can be obtained. For example, the powder obtained using firewood and wood chips as raw materials can be quickly formed into pellets as fuel without going through the step of stirring the powder.

  It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented in variously modified, modified, or modified forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. As a heat source for heating the air by the hot air supply means 3 or the heater 11, boiler exhaust gas or residual heat may be used. Fine powder that cannot be separated from the hot air by the collecting means 17 may be received by a filter or the like provided in a path between the suction means 19 and the collecting means 17.

  Further, the raw material is not limited at all. For example, when surplus sludge particles generated by the waste water treatment device are pulverized into powder, moisture occupying most of the volume flows out. For this reason, when surplus sludge is grind | pulverized and dried with the grinder drying apparatus 1, surplus sludge can be processed as a remarkably small amount of powder compared with the water-containing surplus sludge.

  The use of the pulverizing / drying apparatus 1 is not limited, and the pulverizing / drying apparatus 1 may be used in a process of processing building waste or recycling.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Grinding and drying apparatus, 3 ... Hot-air supply means, 5 ... Introduction duct, 7 ... Cylindrical tank, 9 ... Raw material introduction part, 11 ... Heater, 13 ... Raw material feeder, 15 ... Delivery duct, 17 ... Collection means, 19 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Suction means, 21 ... Housing, 23 ... Blower, 25 ... Container, 27 ... Tip, 29 ... Disc, 31 ... Open end, 33 ... Rotor, 34 ... Blade part, 35 ... Rear end, 37 ... Rotating shaft, 39 ... end plate material, 41 ... rotating machine, 43 ... hopper, 45, 46 ... inner peripheral surface.

Claims (4)

A blade-like rotor that rotates about a rotation axis;
A cylindrical tank that houses the rotor therein and has a front end and a rear end that are separated from each other in the axial direction of the rotary shaft;
An introduction duct for extending an open end facing the rotor from the tip of the cylindrical tank to introduce hot air into the cylindrical tank through the open end;
A raw material charging unit that guides the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank to the rear end side of the rotor inside the cylindrical tank;
A heater for heating the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank;
A delivery duct provided at the tip side of the cylindrical tank with respect to the opening end of the introduction duct in a posture intersecting the axial direction;
The powder, which is pulverized by striking the raw material charged into the cylindrical tank with the rotor and squeezing with the air flow generated by the rotation of the rotor, is dried with hot air inside the cylindrical tank, and the delivery is performed. A pulverizing and drying apparatus characterized by being sent out along with hot air from a duct.   The pulverization drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising hot air supply means for supplying hot air to the introduction duct, and collecting means for collecting powder delivered from the delivery duct.   The plurality of pulverization rows are provided on the rotating shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction with respect to each other, and the particle size of the powder can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the interval between the plurality of rotors. The pulverization drying apparatus according to 1 or 2.   The crushing and drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inside of the cylindrical tank has a cone shape in which an inner diameter decreases from the rotor toward a tip of the cylindrical tank.

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