JP2011083208A - Harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a harvester capable of properly preventing farm products from being scattered to the outside of digging, harvesting, and conveying means. <P>SOLUTION: The harvester 11 includes the digging, harvesting and conveying means 16 for digging and harvesting the farm products A from soil of a ridge in a field. A right and left pair of scatter-preventing bodies 51 facing each other at an spaced interval is arranged in front of and above the digging, harvesting and conveying means 16. The scatter-preventing bodies 51 guide the farm products A onto the digging, harvesting and conveying means 16 while making the soil of the broken ridge go outside. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a harvester that can appropriately prevent crops from spilling out of a digging and conveying means.

  Conventionally, for example, a self-propelled harvesting machine described in Patent Document 1 is known.

  As shown in FIG. 6, this conventional harvesting machine includes a digging / conveying means 1 for digging and conveying a crop A such as potato from the soil of the straw in the field, and a conveyance terminal portion of the digging / conveying means 1. Sorting and conveying means 2 for sorting work that receives and conveys the agricultural product A to be carried out, and heel following means 5 that is disposed in front of the excavating and conveying means 1 and has a pair of left and right gauge wheels (wheels) 4. ing.

  Further, the digging and conveying means 1 includes a digging blade 6 that digs the crop A and a rod-type conveyance body 7 that conveys the crop A digged by the digging blade 6.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-168319 (FIGS. 1, 3, etc.)

  However, in the conventional harvesting machine, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, when the straw in the field is pushed and broken by the digging blade 6 of the digging and conveying means 1, the crop A is broken. In some cases, it moves outward with the soil and spills out of the digging and conveying means 1.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the harvester which can prevent appropriately that agricultural products spill out of a digging conveyance means.

  The harvesting machine according to claim 1 includes a digging / conveying means for digging and conveying a farm product from the soil of the straw in the field, and a pair of left and right disposed in front of and above the digging / conveying means and facing each other. The spillage prevention body guides the agricultural products onto the digging and conveying means while escaping the broken dredged soil to the outside.

  The harvesting machine according to claim 2 is the harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the spill prevention body is directed vertically from the vertically arranged vertical bar-shaped part and from a plurality of places having different heights in the vertical bar-shaped part. A plurality of horizontal bar-shaped portions protruding horizontally and having a free end at the rear end, and a gap between the horizontal bar-shaped portions adjacent to each other is smaller than that of the crop, and the crop is dug and conveyed by the horizontal bar-shaped portion. It is guided on the means.

  The harvesting machine according to claim 3 is the harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein the front end of the horizontal bar-shaped portion is disposed at a position forward of the front end of the digging and conveying means, and the rear end of the horizontal bar-shaped portion is the digging It is arrange | positioned in the upper vicinity position of the pick-up conveyance means.

  The harvesting machine according to claim 4 is the harvesting machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the lower end portion of the vertical bar-like portion is formed of a curved portion bent rearward, and is arranged from the rear end of the curved portion. The lower horizontal bar-like portion protrudes horizontally toward the rear.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the spillage prevention bodies that make a pair of left and right guide the crops on the excavation and transport means while escaping the crumbled soil to the outside, so that the crops are outside the excavation and transport means. Spills can be prevented appropriately.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the gap between adjacent horizontal rod-shaped portions is smaller than the crop, and the crop is guided by the horizontal rod-shaped portion onto the digging and conveying means. It is possible to appropriately prevent crops from spilling out of the digging and conveying means.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the front end of the horizontal bar-shaped portion is disposed at a position ahead of the front end of the digging and conveying means, and the rear end of the horizontal bar-shaped portion is disposed at a position near the upper side of the digging and conveying means. Therefore, it is possible to more appropriately prevent crops from spilling out of the digging / conveying means at the horizontal bar-shaped portion of the spill prevention body.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 4, it is comprised in the curved part which the lower end part of the perpendicular | vertical rod-shaped part was bent toward back, and the lowest horizontal bar-shaped part is horizontal toward the back from the rear end of this curved part. Since it protrudes in the shape, impurities such as foliage and grass are not caught on the lower end side of the vertical rod-like portion of the spill prevention body.

It is a side view of the harvester which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part front view of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a principal part side view of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a principal part top view of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a schematic side view of the conventional harvesting machine. It is a partial top view of a harvesting machine same as the above. It is a partial front view of a harvesting machine same as the above.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 5, reference numeral 11 denotes a harvester. The harvester 11 is self-propelled for harvesting the crop A vegetated on the straw of the field while moving toward the front (the traveling direction shown in FIG. 1). Type harvesting equipment. The crop A is, for example, root vegetables, that is, for example, a substantially spherical potato that is easy to roll.

  The harvesting machine 11 includes a machine body 12, and a pair of left and right crawlers 13 that can travel on the surface of the field is provided below the machine body 12. The crawler 13 travels in a portion between the left and right adjacent furrows on the surface of the field.

  Further, the machine body 12 includes a digging / transporting means 16 for digging the crop A from the soil of the straw in the field and then transporting it obliquely upward, and a crop to be transported from the transport end of the digging / transporting means 16. Lifting conveying means 17 that accepts A and then lifts and conveys it obliquely upward, and sorting for sorting work that accepts and transports the crop A carried out from the conveying terminal end of the lifting conveying means 17 to the rear. Conveying means 18 is provided.

  Further, a work step 19 is provided in the machine body 12, and an operator who performs sorting work on the crop A being transported by the sorting and conveying means 18 is placed on the work step 19. For example, the worker selects and removes the crop A that is damaged and is not a commodity.

  Further, although not shown in the drawings, the machine body 12 is provided with a mounting table on which a storage body on which the crop A transported from the transfer terminal portion of the sorting transfer means 18 is dropped and stored is mounted.

  Here, the digging / conveying means 16 has a digging blade 21 such as a tip V having a substantially V-shape in plan view for digging the crop A from the soil of the straw in the field. The airframe 12 has a pair of left and right side plate portions 23 facing each other at the front side, and a digging blade 21 is installed at the front end portions of the both side plate portions 23. A plurality of bar-shaped members 22 protrude rearward and obliquely upward from the rear end portion of the digging blade 21, and the plurality of bar-shaped members 22 are arranged in the left-right direction at equal intervals.

  Further, the digging and conveying means 16 receives the crop A excavated by the digging blade 21 through the rod-shaped member 22 and then places and conveys it obliquely upward, and soil and other impurities (stems and leaves) during the conveyance , Grass, etc.) and the like are dropped from the gap 25 onto the field, and an endless rod-type transport body 26 that can be turned is provided. The transport body 26 is disposed between both side plate portions 23 of the machine body 12 so as to be inclined forward and downward. The transport start end portion of the transport body 26 is wound around a driven rotating body (not shown), and the transport end portion of the transport body 26 Is wound around a drive rotator (not shown).

  The transport body 26 has a pair of left and right belts 27 that are spaced apart from each other and a plurality of rods 28 that are installed on both belts 27 at equal intervals. A gap 25 is formed between the rods 28 adjacent to each other, and soil, foreign matters, etc. fall on the field through the gap 25.

  On the other hand, a pair of left and right protruding frames 31 protrudes forward from the side plate portion 23 of the body 12, and a square pipe-shaped mounting arm 32 protrudes outward from the front end portion of each protruding frame 31.

  Each mounting arm 32 has a gauge wheel support in which a gauge wheel (wheel) 33, which is a heel following wheel that follows the heel in front of the crawler 13 and runs on the surface of the field, is rotatably attached to the lower end portion. An upper end portion of the arm 34 is attached via a connecting member 35. In this way, a pair of left and right inclined gauge wheels 33 that are spaced apart from each other are disposed in front of the front end portion of the digging and conveying means 16.

  The connecting member 35 includes a first cylindrical part 36 having an opening on both end faces, a second cylindrical part 37 having an opening on both end faces, and a connecting part 38 for connecting the cylindrical parts 36 and 37 to each other. ing.

  An attachment arm 32 is fitted into the first tubular portion 36, and the first tubular portion 36 is attached to the attachment arm 32 with a fixture (bolts, nuts, etc.) 39 so that the left and right positions can be adjusted. . The upper end portion of the gauge wheel support arm 34 is attached to the first tubular portion 36. Also, a square pipe-shaped arm member 41 is fitted into the second cylindrical portion 37, and the arm member 41 can be adjusted in the left-right position with a fixture (bolts, nuts, etc.) 42 in the second cylindrical portion 37. It is attached.

  A support member 50 is attached to the inner end portion of the arm member 41. The support member 50 guides the crop A onto the front end portion of the digging / conveying means 16, and the crop A is moved out of the digging / conveying means 16. A comb-like spill prevention body 51 for preventing spillage is attached by a fixture 52 so that the vertical position can be adjusted. Note that the fixture 52 is constituted by a bolt 53 and a lock nut 54, for example. Note that the lock nut 54 is for surely preventing the bolt 53 from loosening, and is not necessarily required.

  The support member 50 includes a plate portion 56 that protrudes obliquely downward from the inner end portion of the arm member 41, and an opening on both end surfaces provided integrally with the front end portion of the plate portion 56. Part 57. A plurality of, for example, two bolt hole portions 58 are formed in the cylindrical portion 57, and a welding nut 55 is fixed around the bolt hole portion 58 by welding. The bolt 53 is screwed into the welding nut 55, and the tip of the bolt 53 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 57 from the bolt hole 58.

  The pair of left and right spill prevention bodies 51 guides the crop A to the front end of the excavation and conveyance means 16 while escaping the collapsed dredged soil to the outside. It is disposed above and inside the gauge wheel 33. That is, as is apparent from FIG. 3, the spill prevention body 51 is disposed between the gauge wheel 33 and the front end portion of the digging and conveying means 16 in a side view. Each spill prevention body 51 can be adjusted in the vertical position and the horizontal position with respect to the digging and conveying means 16.

  The spill prevention body 51 includes a vertical bar 61 arranged in a vertical shape (including a substantially vertical shape), and a plurality of places with different heights in the vertical bar 61 from the rear, that is, for example, rearward inward. A plurality of, for example, at least five horizontal rod-like portions 62 parallel to each other, which protrude in a horizontal shape (including a substantially horizontal shape) and whose rear end is a free end 63, are provided. Each of the rod-like portions 61 and 62 is formed of, for example, a metal or resin round bar having a substantially circular cross section that can be elastically deformed. In addition, you may comprise each rod-shaped part 61 and 62 with the metal rigid member which does not elastically deform.

  The gap 64 between the parallel horizontal bar portions 62 adjacent to each other is smaller than the substantially spherical crop A, and the crop A is guided by the horizontal bar 62 onto the front end portion of the digging and conveying means 16. That is, the crop A located near the upper left and right sides in the basket moves along the horizontal bar 62 and is placed on the front end of the digging and conveying means 16. On the other hand, the crust soil that has been crushed by being pushed by the digging blade 21 of the digging and conveying means 16 escapes outward through the gap 64 between the parallel horizontal bar portions 62 adjacent to each other.

  Further, as is apparent from FIG. 3, the front end of each horizontal bar-shaped portion 62 is disposed in front of the front end of the digging and conveying means 16, and the free end 63, which is the rear end of each horizontal bar-shaped portion 62, is digged. It is disposed at a position near the upper end of the front end of the transport means 16, that is, a position near the transport start end that is the front end of the transport body.

  The five horizontal rod-like portions 62 have different length dimensions, and become smaller in order from the highest to the lowest. Further, the outer diameter dimension of the lowest horizontal bar-shaped part 62 is the same as the outer diameter dimension of the vertical bar-shaped part 61 and is larger than the outer diameter dimensions of the remaining four horizontal bar-shaped parts 62. That is, the vertical bar-shaped part 61 and the lowest horizontal bar-shaped part 62 are constituted by a single round bar bent in a substantially L shape.

  The lower end portion of the vertical rod-shaped portion 61 is constituted by a curved portion 66 bent rearward, and the lowest horizontal rod-shaped portion 62 is integrated horizontally from the rear end of the curved portion 66 toward the rear. It protrudes.

  Further, a portion other than the lower end portion of the vertical bar-shaped portion 61 is configured by a straight portion 67. Four horizontal bar-shaped portions 62 protrude horizontally from a plurality of locations having different heights on the lower rear surface of the straight portion 67 toward the rear. In a plurality of places having different heights on the upper rear surface of the straight portion 67, up / down adjusting recesses 68 into which the front ends of the bolts 53 are formed are formed. The upper portion of the straight portion 67 of the vertical rod-shaped portion 61 is fitted into the tubular portion 57 of the support member 50, and this straight portion 67 is attached to the tubular portion 57 so that the vertical position can be adjusted by the fixture 52. .

  As can be seen from FIG. 5, the horizontal bar-shaped portions 62 that are paired to be opposed to each other are arranged in a substantially C shape in plan view so that the separation distance gradually decreases from the front end toward the rear end. Has been. Further, the rear end portion of the protruding frame 31 is rotatably attached to the side plate portion 23 of the airframe 12, and the upper and lower sides of the gauge wheel 33 and the spill prevention body 51 are rotated by the rotation of the protruding frame 31 based on the operation of the vertical adjustment handle. The position can be adjusted.

  On the other hand, the lifting and conveying means 17 has an endless conveying body 71 that can lift and convey the crop A. The sorting and conveying means 18 has an endless conveying body 72 that can carry the crop A and that can be turned.

  Next, the operation of the harvester 11 will be described.

  When the harvester 11 travels forward in the field by the operation of the crawler 13, the crop A is dug from the soil of the straw by the digging blade 21 of the digging and conveying means 16, and then on the rod-like member 22. After that, it is transferred onto the transport body 26 and is transported by the transport body 26 in a rearward and obliquely upward direction.

  Here, when the crop A is dug with the digging blade 21, as shown in FIG. 5, the ridge is pushed and broken by the digging blade 21, and the soil of the broken fold moves to the left and right outer sides. To do.

  At this time, a part of the broken dredged soil escapes outward through the gap 64 between the horizontal rod-like parts 62 of the spill prevention body 51.

  In addition, the crop A located near the upper left and right sides of the upper part of the basket tends to move outward together with the soil, but after coming into contact with the horizontal bar 62 of the spill prevention body 51, the crop A is moved along the horizontal bar 62. Then, it is guided to the transfer start end portion of the transfer body 26 of the excavation transfer means 16, and thereafter, the transfer body 26 is placed and transferred rearward and obliquely upward.

  Next, when the crop A is unloaded from the transfer terminal portion of the transfer body 26 of the excavation transfer means 16, it is transferred by the transfer body 71 of the lifting transfer means 17 and then to the transfer body 72 of the sorting transfer means 18. And is finally stored in the container.

  And according to such a harvesting machine 11, in order to guide the crop A to the excavating and conveying means 16 while escaping the soil of the straw where the spill prevention bodies 51 that make a pair of left and right collapsed outward, unnecessary soil is removed. Without guiding onto the digging / conveying means 16, it is possible to appropriately prevent the crop A from spilling out of the digging / conveying means 16, so that the crop A can be harvested efficiently.

  In addition, since the gap 64 between the horizontal bars 62 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction is smaller than the crop A, and the crop A is guided onto the excavating and conveying means 16 by the horizontal bars 62, the configuration is simple. Further, the horizontal bar 62 of the spill prevention body 51 can appropriately prevent the crop A from spilling out of the digging and conveying means 16.

  Further, since the front end of the horizontal bar-shaped part 62 is disposed at a position ahead of the front end of the digging and conveying means 16 and the rear end of the horizontal bar-shaped part 62 is disposed at a position near the upper side of the digging and conveying means 16, spillage is caused. The horizontal bar 62 of the prevention body 51 can more appropriately prevent the crop A from spilling out of the excavating and conveying means 16.

  Further, the lower end portion of the vertical rod-shaped portion 61 is constituted by a curved portion 66 bent backward, and the lowest horizontal rod-shaped portion 62 protrudes horizontally from the rear end of the curved portion 66 toward the rear. For this reason, foreign matters such as foliage and grass are not caught on the lower end side of the vertical bar 61 of the spill prevention body 51.

  Note that the spill prevention body 51 of the harvester 11 is not limited to that attached to the attachment arm 32 of the machine body 12 via the connecting member 35, the arm member 41, and the support member 50. For example, the spill prevention body 51 is directly attached to the attachment arm 32. May be attached to the intermediate portion of the gauge wheel support arm 34, or may be attached to the side plate portion 23 of the airframe 12.

  Moreover, the number of the horizontal bar-shaped parts (pressing bars) 62 of the spill prevention body 51 is arbitrary, and may be, for example, 2 to 4, or 5 or more.

  Further, for example, when the free end 63 of the horizontal rod-shaped portion 62 of the spill prevention body 51 is disposed inward of the side plate portion 23 of the machine body 12 and the horizontal rod-shaped portion 62 is pushed by the crop A and elastically deforms, A configuration in which the free end 63 side of the portion 62 is in contact with the inner surface of the side plate portion 23 may be employed.

  Further, the crop A, which is a harvesting object, may be sweet potato, onion, beet, taro, etc. in addition to potato.

11 Harvester
16 Digging and conveying means
51 Spill prevention body
61 Vertical bar
62 Horizontal bar
63 Free end
64 Clearance
66 Curved part A crop

Claims (4)

Digging and transporting means for digging and transporting crops from the soil of the field fence;
A spill prevention body disposed on the front and upper side of the digging and conveying means and forming a pair of left and right sides facing each other,
The spill prevention body guides agricultural products onto the digging and conveying means while escaping the broken dredged soil to the outside. Spill prevention body
A vertical bar-like portion arranged vertically;
It has a plurality of horizontal bar-like parts that protrude horizontally from a plurality of places with different heights in this vertical bar-like part and whose rear ends are free ends,
The harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the horizontal bar-shaped parts adjacent to each other is smaller than a farm product, and the farm product is guided onto the digging and conveying means by the horizontal bar-shaped part. The front end of the horizontal bar-shaped part is disposed at a front position from the front end of the digging and conveying means,
The harvesting machine according to claim 2, wherein a rear end of the horizontal bar-like part is disposed at a position near the upper side of the digging and conveying means. The lower end part of the vertical bar-shaped part is composed of a curved part bent backward,
The harvesting machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the lowest horizontal bar-like portion protrudes rearward from the rear end of the curved portion.

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