JP2011070387A - Three-dimensional shape display device and program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensional shape display device for reducing the number of models which should be held for each three-dimensional model, and for simplifying the models, while keeping arbitrary features which should be emphasized. <P>SOLUTION: When viewpoint information is changed, a distance calculation portion 3 calculates a distance between a three-dimensional model and a viewpoint. A facility detail level determination portion 4 determines the levels of details of a facility corresponding to the distance calculated by the distance calculation portion 3. When a simplification model corresponding to the levels of details of the facility is not stored in a data management portion 6, a simplification model creating portion 5 divides an area into an area which is illuminated with parallel light beams from a recommended observation direction to the three-dimensional model and an area which is not irradiated with the parallel light beams, and applies proportional levels of details to set the levels of details of the region irradiated with the parallel light beams to be higher than that of the region which is not illuminated with the parallel light beams, to create a simplification model. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional shape display device that simplifies and displays a display target of a three-dimensional shape, and a three-dimensional shape display program for realizing the three-dimensional shape display device with a computer.

  The three-dimensional model is composed of polygons called polygons. When displaying a three-dimensional shape, a complicated model has a large number of polygons, and the display speed decreases. In order to increase the display speed, it is necessary to simplify the model and reduce the number of polygons. However, if the number of polygons is reduced, the quality of the display result is lowered. Therefore, a technique called LOD (Level of Detail) is known as a technique for performing high-speed display while maintaining the quality of the display result. In this method, a model with a high degree of detail is applied to a model at a short distance from the viewpoint, and a model with a low degree of detail is used as the distance increases. Since a long-distance model is displayed in a small size, it is possible to simplify an effective model by focusing on the point that a high level of detail is not required. In LOD, it is necessary to hold a model having a plurality of details and select the detail of the model to be displayed at an arbitrary distance from the viewpoint.

  Conventionally, there has been a three-dimensional shape display device in which not only a parameter of a distance from a viewpoint to a model but also a parameter of a direction vector suitable for observation is added for each model, and the degree of detail is determined (for example, patent document) 1).

  As a model simplification method, there are a method of thinning out vertices and a voxel approximation. The voxel approximation is a method of expressing a model by a cube of an arbitrary size. This method is advantageous in that it can be applied to almost any shape, and the detail level of the model can be easily selected by changing the voxel size to be applied. In this approach, what is important is the selection of an appropriate voxel size. Conventionally, for example, there is a method of automatically calculating a different voxel size for each part so that the volume error of the original shape and the simplified model is the same for each part while taking into account the machine resource consumption amount ( For example, see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-5752 JP 2002-149718 A

However, in the 3D shape display device described above, since the level of detail to be displayed is determined by parameters such as the position from the viewpoint of the model and the viewing direction, for example, when a 3D model of equipment is considered as a display target, There was a problem that a large number of detailed models required for each facility had to be maintained. Moreover, when simplifying an equipment model, it is necessary to leave the characteristics of the equipment. However, since the features to be left differ depending on each specialized field, there are various directions to be emphasized. Therefore, when simplification is performed so that the volume error is simply reduced, there is a possibility that an important element cannot be recognized.
From such a point, in the three-dimensional shape display device to which LOD is applied, it is a problem to reduce the number of models that must be held for each facility, and to simplify the model while leaving any feature that should be emphasized. there were.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and reduces the number of models that must be retained for each three-dimensional model, and simplifies the model while leaving any feature that should be emphasized. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a three-dimensional shape display device that can be used.

  The three-dimensional shape display device according to the present invention includes an equipment detail level determination unit that determines an equipment detail level according to a distance from a displayed 3D model to a viewpoint, and a 3D model that is simplified based on the equipment detail level. Divide the area into areas that are illuminated by parallel rays from the recommended observation direction for the 3D model and areas that are not illuminated by parallel rays. A simplified model creating unit that creates a simplified model by giving a partial level of detail so that it becomes higher, and a three-dimensional shape display unit that displays the simplified model created by the simplified model creating unit. .

  When creating a simplified model, the three-dimensional shape display device of the present invention divides a region into a region illuminated by parallel rays from a recommended observation direction and a region not illuminated by parallel rays, and details of the regions illuminated by parallel rays. Since a simplified model was created by giving a partial detail level so that it becomes higher than an area that is not illuminated by parallel rays, the number of models that must be retained for each three-dimensional model has been reduced, and The model can be simplified while retaining the features.

It is a block diagram which shows the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the user and model in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the means divided | segmented into the voxel in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the model and voxel in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the simplified model creation procedure of the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the three-dimensional equipment model and recommended observation direction in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the simplification model in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention, and the parallel ray from a recommended observation direction. It is explanatory drawing which looked at FIG. 8 from right above. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the simplified model in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention from the recommended observation direction. It is explanatory drawing which looked at the simplified model in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention from the opposite direction of the recommended observation direction. It is a block diagram which shows the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the preservation | save format conversion in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing showing the data compression method in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process of the drawing model conversion in the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the drawing model of the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the drawing process of the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the three-dimensional shape display apparatus by Embodiment 4 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a three-dimensional shape display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The three-dimensional shape display device shown in FIG. 1 has a three-dimensional shape display unit 1 for drawing a three-dimensional model such as an equipment model, a viewpoint information changing unit 2 for accepting a change in user viewpoint information, and the viewpoint information is changed. The distance calculation unit 3 that calculates the distance from the viewpoint to the facility for each facility (three-dimensional model), and the facility detail level determination unit that determines the detail level for each facility according to the distance obtained by the distance calculation unit 3 4. Simplified model created by the simplified model creating unit 5 and the simplified model creating unit 5 for creating a simplified model from the three-dimensional model using the parameters of the determined equipment detail level and the recommended observation direction for each equipment. A data management unit 6 that manages the original three-dimensional model and the recommended observation direction for each facility, and a model switching unit 7 that switches the simplified model according to the result obtained by the distance calculation unit 3.

  The simplified model creation unit 5 includes a simplified calculation unit 11 that creates a simplified model based on the facility detail level based on the detail level determined by the facility detail level determination unit 4, and the facility stored in the data management unit 6. A region dividing unit 12 that divides the simplified model into a plurality of regions according to a recommended observation direction set for each region, a partial detail determining unit 13 that determines the details for each region divided by the region dividing unit 12, and The partial simplification calculation unit 14 is configured to perform simplification calculation of the model according to the partial detail level.

  The data management unit 6 stores information used for individual customization for each user (information such as the distance from the viewpoint described later to the boundary line of the equipment detail level, the number of voxel divisions), and the like. For each facility, an equipment database 22 that stores the original three-dimensional model to be simplified and manages the equipment information to be displayed, a recommended observation direction database 23 that manages information related to the recommended observation direction for each equipment, and The simplified model database 24 stores the simplified model created by the simplified model creating unit 5.

  The three-dimensional shape display device is realized by using a computer, and the three-dimensional shape display unit 1 includes a display and a display control unit that performs display control on the display. The display control unit in the three-dimensional shape display unit 1 and the viewpoint information changing unit 2 to the model switching unit 7 are software corresponding to each function and hardware such as a CPU and a memory for executing these software. It is configured. Alternatively, these components may be configured using dedicated hardware.

Next, the operation of the three-dimensional shape display device of Embodiment 1 will be described.
FIG. 2 shows a process flowchart of the three-dimensional shape display apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The three-dimensional shape display unit 1 reads the three-dimensional model data managed in the equipment database 22 via the model switching unit 7 (step ST1) and displays it three-dimensionally (step ST2). When the viewpoint information is changed by the viewpoint information changing unit 2, the change of the viewpoint information is detected (step ST3), and the distance from the viewpoint to the three-dimensional model is calculated by the distance calculating unit 3 (step ST4). The equipment detail level determination unit 4 determines the equipment detail level (step ST5).

  In the present embodiment, the level of detail is defined such that the original model with the highest resolution is level 0, and the numerical value increases as the resolution decreases. In addition, the facility detail level can be set to an arbitrary number.

  Next, a method for determining the equipment detail level will be described with reference to FIG. The equipment detail level is determined using a parameter of the distance between the viewpoint and the equipment, as in the general LOD method. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a scene where the user observes the model. In this figure, the user 30 (viewpoint) in the virtual space, the three-dimensional models 31 to 33, the boundary line 34 between the equipment detail level 0 and the equipment detail level 1, the equipment detail level 1 and the equipment detail level 2 shows a relationship between a boundary line 35 between the user 30 and the boundary line 34, and a distance 37 between the user 30 and the boundary line 35. Although any number of the level of equipment detail can be used, FIG. 3 shows three cases. The distance 36 and the distance 37 are registered in the user setting management database 21 and can be changed by the user. The distance 36 and the distance 37 have a relationship of 0 <distance 36 <distance 37.

For the three-dimensional models 31 to 33, the distance calculated by the distance calculation unit 3 from the viewpoint to the three-dimensional model is
Distance from 3D model 31 to viewpoint <distance 36
Distance 36 ≦ Distance from 3D model 32 to viewpoint <Distance 37
When the distance 37 ≦ the distance relationship from the three-dimensional model 33 to the viewpoint is satisfied, the equipment detail level determination unit 4 sets the three-dimensional model 31 to the equipment detail level 0, the three-dimensional model 32 to the equipment detail level 1, 3 The dimension model 33 is determined as equipment detail level 2.

  When the equipment detail level is determined, the model switching unit 7 investigates whether the data management unit 6 has a simplified model of the equipment detail level determined for each equipment (step ST6). The simplified model is switched (step ST7), and the simplified model of the equipment detail level determined is drawn on the three-dimensional shape display unit 1 (step ST2).

  On the other hand, if the simplified model of the determined equipment detail level has not yet been created, the simplified model creating unit 5 generates a simplified model. As the generation of the simplified model in the simplified model creating unit 5, first, the simplified calculation unit 11 simplifies the three-dimensional model (step ST8). As a simplification method, voxel approximation which is a known technique is adopted.

  Simplified explanation by facility detail using voxel approximation. The voxel approximation usually represents a simplified shape by a cube of any size. In the present invention, the size of the voxel to be applied is specified by the number of divisions of each side. FIG. 4 shows a method of dividing the three-dimensional equipment model into voxels. In this figure, a three-dimensional model 40, its circumscribed rectangle 41, and a rectangular parallelepiped 42 constituting the circumscribed rectangle are illustrated. As shown in the drawing, a circumscribed rectangle 41 is divided along the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis to create a small rectangular parallelepiped 42. This rectangular parallelepiped 42 is called a voxel. For each voxel, a check is made to see if a 3D model is included in that region. FIG. 5 shows a voxel and a part of a three-dimensional model included therein. A part 50 of the three-dimensional model and its surrounding voxels 51-54. The voxel 53 and voxel 54 in which the three-dimensional model 50 is included in the region are drawn, and the voxel 51 and voxel 52 in which the three-dimensional model 50 is not included in the region are not drawn. As a result, a collection of voxels to be drawn is used as a simplified model.

  In FIG. 6, the detailed process flowchart of the simplification model creation using the equipment detail level by the simplification calculation part 11 of step ST8 is shown. First, the simplification calculation unit 11 creates a circumscribed rectangle of the three-dimensional model (step ST61), divides the circumscribed rectangle along each side along the axis, and creates a voxel (step ST62). Next, the simplification calculation unit 11 determines whether or not the three-dimensional model polygon is included in the voxel region (step ST63), and if included, displays the voxel (step ST64) and does not include it. In this case, the process of hiding the voxels (step ST65) is performed for all the voxels (step ST66).

  The number of divisions on each side of the three-dimensional model is set according to the level of detail. If the number of divisions is increased, the size of the voxel constituting the simplified model is reduced and the details can be expressed, so that a model with a high degree of detail is generated. Therefore, the smaller the level of detail, the larger the number of divisions. The number of divisions of each side corresponding to each level of detail is registered in the user setting management database 21.

  With respect to the created simplified model, the area dividing unit 12 divides into a plurality of areas according to the recommended observation direction defined for each facility by the recommended observation direction database 23. FIG. 7 shows a three-dimensional model 70 and a recommended observation direction 71. The recommended observation direction designates in advance a direction in which a feature that the user wants to emphasize can be seen. For example, in the three-dimensional model 70, a recommended observation direction 71 in which a name plate containing a facility name can be seen is designated in advance.

In the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, the region dividing unit 12 irradiates the simplified model obtained in step ST8 with parallel rays from the recommended observation direction set for each facility (step ST9), and is illuminated by the parallel rays. And divide into areas not illuminated by parallel rays. The partial detail level determination unit 13 sets the relative detail level from the currently assigned facility detail level for the two areas of the area illuminated by the parallel rays and the area not illuminated by the parallel rays. The partial detail level determination unit 13 assigns a level of 0 or less as a relative detail level to an area illuminated by parallel rays (step ST10), and assigns a level greater than 0 to an area not illuminated by parallel rays (step ST11). Determine the partial detail level of the region. That is, the level of relative detail of the region illuminated by the parallel rays is a value smaller than the level of relative detail of the region not illuminated by the parallel rays.
The relationship between equipment detail, relative detail, and partial detail is
Partial detail level = equipment detail level + relative detail level (0 ≦ partial detail level ≦ maximum level of detail level registered in the user setting management database 21)
It can be shown as follows. Therefore, the level of the partial detail level of the region illuminated by the parallel rays is smaller than the level of the partial detail level of the region not illuminated by the parallel rays. The voxel size is finally determined based on the partial detail level set as described above, and the simplified calculation by the voxel approximation which is the same method as the simplified calculation unit 11 by the facility detail level is performed again (step ST12). Complete the creation of the simplified model. The created simplified model is stored in the simplified model database 24 of the data management unit 6 (step ST13). Then, the saved simplified model is switched by the model switching unit 7 (step ST7) and drawn (step ST2).

  FIG. 8 illustrates a state in which the simplified model 80 is irradiated with the parallel light beam 81 from the recommended observation direction. FIG. 9 is a view of FIG. 8 as viewed from above. In FIG. 9, it is divided into a region 90 illuminated by parallel rays 81 and a region 91 not illuminated by parallel rays. FIG. 10 shows a simplified model generated as a result of setting the relative detail level −1 for the region 90 and setting the relative detail level 0 for the region 91. FIG. 10 shows a state in which the simplified model 100 is viewed from the recommended observation direction, and it is possible to display in detail the direction (recommended observation direction) emphasized by the user. Further, FIG. 11 shows a view of the simplified model as viewed from the opposite side of the recommended observation direction, and is displayed as a simplified model with a low level of detail although it is the same simplified model.

  A plurality of recommended observation directions may be set depending on the equipment. In that case, a priority is set in the recommended observation direction, and a relative detail level having a large absolute value is set in an area illuminated by parallel rays from the recommended observation direction having a high priority. On the other hand, a relative detail level with a small absolute value is set in a region illuminated by parallel rays from a recommended observation direction with a low priority.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, in consideration of the recommended observation direction which is a direction suitable for observation for each facility, the region of the three-dimensional model is divided and a partial detail level which is a partial detail level is assigned. A simplified model is being created. Therefore, a plurality of partially different levels of detail can be expressed in one simplified model, and display can be performed in consideration of the user's observation direction (recommended observation direction) without switching between the plurality of models. As a result, in the simplified display employing LOD, it is possible to reduce the number of simplified models with different levels of detail that must be held for each facility.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the recommended observation direction which is a direction suitable for observation for each facility is stored in the database, and the 3D model is partially simplified based on the stored recommended observation direction. A simplified model is being created. In other words, even if one simplified model is displayed without switching the simplified model, if the viewing direction is changed, the three-dimensional model is automatically selected from the direction (recommended observation direction) that has been made suitable for observation. In the case of observation, a display with a high level of detail is made (the level of detail is small). On the other hand, when the three-dimensional model is viewed from the opposite side greatly deviating from the recommended observation direction, display with a low level of detail (a level of detail is large) is performed. As a result, the display speed can be increased without degrading the quality of the display result.

  As described above, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the first embodiment, the equipment detail level determination unit 4 that determines the equipment detail level according to the distance from the displayed 3D model to the viewpoint, and the equipment detail level The 3D model to be simplified is divided into a region illuminated by parallel rays from the recommended observation direction for the 3D model and a region not illuminated by parallel rays, and details of the regions illuminated by parallel rays in each region A simplified model creation unit 5 that creates a simplified model by giving a partial detail level so that the degree of detail is higher than the detail level of a region that is not illuminated by parallel rays, and the simplified model created by the simplified model creation unit 5 Since the 3D shape display unit 1 for displaying is provided, the number of models that must be held for each 3D model can be reduced, and the 3D model can be simplified while leaving any feature to be emphasized. Can.

  In addition, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the first embodiment, when there is a viewpoint change in the viewpoint information changing unit 2 that changes the viewpoint and the viewpoint information changing unit 2, from the displayed three-dimensional model to the viewpoint A distance calculation unit 3 that calculates the distance, a data management unit 6 that manages the recommended observation direction of the three-dimensional model, and manages the simplified model created by the simplified model creation unit 5 based on the equipment detail level; A simplified model that extracts a simplified model corresponding to the degree of equipment detail determined according to the distance determined by the distance calculation unit 3 from the data management unit 6 and displays the extracted simplified model on the three-dimensional shape display unit 1 And a model switching unit 7 for sending out, so that appropriate three-dimensional parameters with a parameter of viewing direction (recommended observation direction) are added without switching a plurality of simplified models according to the viewpoint direction. Jo simplified representations becomes possible, it becomes possible to increase the speed of display speed. In addition, since any direction can be designated as the recommended observation direction, it is possible to create a simplified model that expresses the features that the user wants to keep.

  In addition, according to the three-dimensional shape display program of the first embodiment, the equipment detail degree determining unit 4 that determines the equipment detail degree according to the distance from the displayed three-dimensional model to the viewpoint, and the equipment detail degree The 3D model to be simplified is divided into a region illuminated by parallel rays and a region not illuminated by parallel rays from the recommended observation direction for the 3D model, and details of the regions illuminated by parallel rays are divided into each region. The simplified model created by the simplified model creating unit 5 is made to function as the simplified model creating unit 5 created by giving a partial detail level so that the degree of detail is higher than the detail level of the region not illuminated by parallel rays. Since it is displayed, the number of models that must be retained for each three-dimensional model is reduced, and the three-dimensional model is simplified while leaving any feature to be emphasized. It is possible to realize a three-dimensional shape display device capable of bets on the computer.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the three-dimensional shape display device according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the three-dimensional shape display device in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the storage format conversion for compressing and storing the simplified model data created by the simplified model creating unit 5 Unit 120 and a drawing model conversion unit 121 that converts the compressed saved data into a drawing model. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the three-dimensional shape display device of the first embodiment, the corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  When saving a simplified model to which voxel approximation is applied, it is usually necessary to retain the display / non-display of the total number of voxels as data. Therefore, the data size increases as the number of voxels increases. Therefore, the storage format conversion unit 120 performs conversion to a compressed data format. FIG. 13 is a processing flowchart of data compression. For all the voxels (step ST130), display / non-display is determined (step ST131), and the continuous number of display voxels or non-display voxels is stored (step ST132).

  FIG. 14 shows a compression method. A simplified model 140 based on voxel approximation, an arrow 141 indicating the order of storing data, continuous regions 142 and 143 of voxels, and array values 144 to 147 are shown. When the simplified model 140 stores data in the direction of the arrow 141, it is first determined whether it is a display voxel or a non-display voxel. The display voxel is stored as 1 and the non-display voxel is stored as 0. In the continuous area 142, the number of continuous display voxels is two. 1 indicating the display voxel is assigned to the array value 144, and 2 is assigned to the array value 145. In the continuous area 143, since the number of continuous non-display voxels is 2, 0 indicating the display voxel is substituted for the array value 146, and 2 for the array value 147.

  In the present invention, the voxel size is specified by the number of divisions of the circumscribed rectangle, and therefore, an integer is always stored in the array. In addition, since the display / non-display of voxels and the display voxels or the continuous number of non-display voxels are stored in a one-dimensional array, the data area can be reduced.

The drawing model conversion unit 121 creates a drawing model from the compressed data. One piece of cube data located at the origin is prepared for creating a drawing model. A drawing model is drawn on the cube by enlarging / reducing and moving. FIG. 15 is a processing flowchart of the drawing model conversion unit 121. A numerical value indicating whether it is a display voxel or a non-display voxel is stored in the odd-numbered array of the stored data, and it is determined whether or not it is a display voxel based on this numerical value (step ST150). If it is a display voxel in step ST150, the even number is referred to. The even number stores the number of consecutive display voxels. In the case of a display voxel, the voxel size is specified from the circumscribed rectangle and the number of divisions of each side, and the cube is enlarged or reduced. Next, enlargement is performed by the number of continuous voxels (step ST151). The position where the rectangular parallelepiped thus created is to be arranged is determined from the total number of voxels processed so far (step ST152) and moved (step ST153). By performing this process on all the data stored in the array (step ST154), a drawing model that is a simplified model can be created from one piece of cube data. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a state where the storage data of the simplified model 140 in FIG. 14 is drawn by the drawing model conversion unit 121.
If the storage format conversion unit 120 and the drawing model conversion unit 121 are used in this way, the storage data can be compressed to a small size, and even in drawing, it is constructed from one cube data, the number of voxels to be drawn is reduced, and the drawing speed is improved. Is possible.

  As described above, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the second embodiment, the storage format conversion unit 120 that compresses the simplified model data created by the simplified model creation unit 5 and stores it in the data management unit 6. In the case of extracting the compressed simplified model data from the data management unit 6, since the drawing model conversion unit 121 for decompressing the compressed simplified model data is provided, the stored data can be compressed to be small, and the data management The resources of the part 6 can be used effectively.

  Further, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the second embodiment, the storage format conversion unit 120 sets the voxel size to the simplified model data to which the voxel approximation is applied according to the number of divisions of each side of the simplified model. Since the data is defined and the voxel display / non-display information and the display voxel or the continuous number of non-display voxels are arranged as integers, the storage data area can be compressed to be small.

  Further, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the second embodiment, the drawing model conversion unit 121 performs processing for data in which voxel display / non-display information and the continuous number of display voxels or non-display voxels are arranged as integers. Since the voxel size is specified by the number of divisions of each side of the simplified model and the display voxel is enlarged by the continuous number to generate the simplified model, the simplified model is generated by non-uniformly sized voxels. By expressing, the number of voxels to be drawn can be reduced and the drawing speed can be improved.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a three-dimensional shape display device according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the three-dimensional shape display device in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a component database 170 that manages facility information divided into components is provided. That is, in the third embodiment, a three-dimensional model is constructed for each part and managed in the part database 170 together with information about the part. Further, the equipment database 22a manages information such as equipment component parts, parts placement information, equipment placement information, equipment management numbers and manufacturing dates. Further, the basic function of the simplified model creating unit 5a is the same as in the first and second embodiments, but the simplified model is created using the parts in the parts database 170. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 18 is a drawing process flowchart in the case of managing each part. In place of ST1 and ST2 shown in FIG. 2, the drawing process shown in FIG. 18 is executed. In the three-dimensional shape display unit 1, necessary parts are extracted from the information in the equipment database 22a, components models are extracted from the parts database 170 (step ST180), and the equipment 3 is rotated and moved based on the arrangement information of each part. It is constructed as a part of the dimensional model (step ST181). Next, rotation / movement is performed based on the equipment arrangement information (step ST182), and drawing is performed at the designated position (step ST183).

That is, in the third embodiment, one facility is not created as one three-dimensional model data, but a three-dimensional model is configured as a set of various components in the component database 170. A part that uses a common part is created by reading part data from the part database 170, copying this data as many times as necessary, performing rotation, movement, enlargement / reduction, and placing the data at a predetermined position. As a result, the cost for creating a three-dimensional model can be reduced by the amount of parts that are common parts in the entire facility. Also, with regard to the generation cost of the simplified model in the simplified model creating unit 5a, the common parts and the same level of detail need only be duplicated, so that the generation cost can be reduced.
By using the above method, it is possible to share parts among facilities, and it is possible to reduce the cost of creating a three-dimensional model and the cost of generating a simplified model.

  As described above, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the third embodiment, the data management unit 6 has the parts database 170 that manages the three-dimensional model to be displayed separately for each part. 1, since the 3D model is created using the parts of the parts database 170, the parts can be shared among the 3D models, and the creation cost of the 3D model and the generation cost of the simplified model can be reduced. Can be reduced.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a three-dimensional shape display device according to the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the three-dimensional shape display device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a facility selection unit 190 that performs drawing from an appropriate viewpoint by selecting an arbitrary facility is provided. ing. That is, the equipment selection unit 190 instructs the 3D shape display unit 1 to display the 3D model at the recommended observation distance set for each 3D model. The recommended observation direction database 23a holds data of recommended observation distances in addition to the recommended observation directions. Since the configuration other than this is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to corresponding portions, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, the use of the equipment selection unit 190 is a focus on each equipment. For example, it is assumed that the equipment is arbitrarily selected from the equipment name list display or the 3D screen display. At that time, along with the display of the equipment information, the arbitrary equipment is focused and displayed on the screen. When focusing on an arbitrary facility, there is a method in which the viewpoint is moved to a position that can be displayed on the screen in a size that fits on the screen in consideration of the size of the facility. In this method, if the facilities are dense, if the viewpoint is placed at a position where the entire facility to be focused fits on the screen, other facilities may be reflected in front of the screen. In addition, when facilities are densely packed, if they are too far away from the facilities, they are hidden behind other facilities and cannot be seen. On the other hand, if they are too close, the whole picture cannot be captured.

  Thus, in the fourth embodiment, the recommended observation distance and the recommended observation direction are held for each facility in the recommended observation direction database 23a. The recommended observation distance is a distance suitable for observation from the facility and the viewpoint. Then, when an arbitrary facility is selected, the facility selection unit 190 acquires a recommended observation distance corresponding to the facility from the recommended observation direction database 23a, and instructs to move the viewpoint to the recommended observation distance. Thereby, in the display of the three-dimensional model in the three-dimensional shape display unit 1, it is possible to obtain a drawing from an appropriate viewpoint for an arbitrary facility instantly.

  As described above, according to the three-dimensional shape display device of the fourth embodiment, when a three-dimensional model is displayed on the three-dimensional shape display unit 1, an instruction to display at the recommended observation distance set for each three-dimensional model is given. For example, when the three-dimensional model is an equipment model, other equipment can be selected according to the recommended observation direction and the recommended observation distance for any equipment even if the equipment is dense. It is possible to instantaneously obtain a drawing from an appropriate viewpoint that can capture the whole image without overlapping.

  In addition, you may combine said each embodiment as needed. For example, the storage format conversion unit 120 and the drawing model conversion unit 121 may be provided other than the second embodiment, or the component database 170 of the third embodiment may be provided in other embodiments. .

  1 3D shape display unit, 2 viewpoint information change unit, 3 distance calculation unit, 4 equipment detail level determination unit, 5, 5a simplified model creation unit, 6 data management unit, 7 model switching unit, 11 simplified calculation unit, 12 region division unit, 13 partial detail determination unit, 14 partial simplification calculation unit, 21 user setting management database, 22, 22a equipment database, 23, 23a recommended observation direction database, 24 simplified model database, 120 storage format conversion unit 121 Drawing model conversion unit, 170 parts database, 190 equipment selection unit.

Claims (8)

An equipment detail level determination unit that determines an equipment detail level according to the distance from the three-dimensional model to be displayed to the viewpoint;
The three-dimensional model that is simplified based on the facility detail level is divided into a region that is illuminated by parallel rays from a recommended observation direction for the three-dimensional model and a region that is not illuminated by the parallel rays. A simplified model creation unit that creates a simplified model by giving a partial detail level such that the detail level of the region illuminated by the parallel rays is higher than the detail level of the region not illuminated by the parallel rays;
A three-dimensional shape display device comprising: a three-dimensional shape display unit that displays the simplified model created by the simplified model creation unit. A viewpoint information changing unit for changing the viewpoint;
A distance calculation unit that calculates a distance from the displayed three-dimensional model to the viewpoint when the viewpoint information is changed by the viewpoint information change unit;
A data management unit that manages the recommended observation direction of the three-dimensional model and manages the simplified model created by the simplified model creation unit based on the equipment detail level;
A simplified model that extracts a simplified model corresponding to the degree of equipment detail determined according to the distance determined by the distance calculation unit from the data management unit, and displays the extracted simplified model on a three-dimensional shape display unit The three-dimensional shape display apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a model switching unit that sends out as a model switching unit. A storage format conversion unit that compresses the simplified model data created by the simplified model creation unit and saves it in the data management unit;
3. The three-dimensional shape display device according to claim 2, further comprising: a drawing model conversion unit that decompresses the compressed simplified model data when taking out the compressed simplified model data from the data management unit. .   The storage format conversion unit defines the voxel size by the number of divisions of each side of the simplified model for the data of the simplified model to which the voxel approximation is applied, and displays the voxel display / non-display information and the voxel to be displayed or not 4. The three-dimensional shape display apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the display is a data in which the continuous number of display voxels is arranged as an integer.   The drawing model conversion unit specifies the voxel size based on the number of divisions on each side of the simplified model for data in which the display / non-display information of voxels and the number of voxels to be displayed or the number of consecutive voxels displayed are arranged as integers. 4. The three-dimensional shape display device according to claim 3, wherein the simplified model is generated by enlarging display voxels by the continuous number. The data management unit has a parts database that manages a three-dimensional model to be displayed separately for each part,
The three-dimensional shape display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the three-dimensional shape display unit creates a three-dimensional model using the components in the component database.   7. An equipment selection unit for instructing to display at a recommended observation distance set for each of the three-dimensional models when a three-dimensional model is displayed on the three-dimensional shape display unit. The three-dimensional shape display apparatus of any one of these. Computer
An equipment detail level determination unit that determines an equipment detail level according to the distance from the three-dimensional model to be displayed to the viewpoint;
The three-dimensional model to be simplified based on the equipment detail level is divided into a region illuminated by parallel rays from a recommended observation direction for the three-dimensional model and a region not illuminated by parallel rays. Function as a simplified model creation unit that creates a simplified model by giving a partial detail level so that the detail level of the region illuminated by the light beam is higher than the detail level of the region not illuminated by the parallel light beam,
A three-dimensional shape simplified display program for displaying the simplified model created by the simplified model creating unit.

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