JP2011061942A - Contactless power supply apparatus of relay system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a contactless power supply apparatus of relay system wherein an air gap can be expanded and with respect to each coil, the flexibility in arrangement is enhanced and variation in arrangement is increased. <P>SOLUTION: The contactless power supply apparatus supplies power from the coil 4 of a power supply circuit 3 on the primary side 1 to the coil 6 of a load-side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2 in a contactless manner, based on mutual induction action in electromagnetic induction, while being positioned in correspondence with each other with an air gap g in between. The relay coils 19, 21 of relay circuits 18, 20 are placed on the coil 4 side on the primary side 1 and on the coil 6 side on the secondary side 2, respectively. The intermediate coil 23 of an intermediate circuit 22 is placed between the relay coils 19, 21. The relay coils 19, 21 of the relay circuits 18, 20 resonate with the capacitors 24, 25 of these circuits, respectively, and the intermediate coil 23 of the intermediate circuit 22 resonates with the capacitor 26 of this circuit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a relay-type non-contact power feeding device. That is, the present invention relates to a relay-type non-contact power supply device that supplies power in a non-contact manner from a stationary primary side to, for example, a secondary side mounted on an electric vehicle.

A non-contact power supply device IPS (inductive power system) that supplies electric power from the outside to, for example, a battery of an electric vehicle without mechanical contact such as a cable has been developed and put into practical use based on demand.
This non-contact power supply device supplies electric power from the primary coil on the power supply side to the secondary coil on the power reception side based on the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction.
That is, by generating magnetic flux in the primary side coil placed on the ground side, an induced electromotive force is generated in the secondary side coil mounted on the electric vehicle or the like that is positioned in a non-contact manner while maintaining an air gap. To supply power (see also FIG. 8 described later).

As such a non-contact electric power feeder, what was shown by the following patent document 1 and patent document 2 is mentioned, for example.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-170681 JP 2008-087733 A

About the problem
By the way, the following subject was pointed out about such a conventional non-contact electric power feeder.
That is, in this type of non-contact power supply device, the expansion of the air gap is a major theme. There is an increasing need to supply predetermined power under a larger air gap.
For example, in the conventional non-contact power supply device, the air gap between the primary side coil and the secondary side coil is limited to about 100 mm, whereas in an electric vehicle or the like (power supply from the ground is most feasible. However, it is necessary to secure a minimum ground clearance of 130 mm or more, and further expansion of the air gap has been desired.

《About prior application》
Accordingly, the inventor of the present invention has advanced research and development on the theme of expanding the air gap, and filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-019086 first. In this prior application, a relay coil is disposed between the primary coil and the secondary coil.
That is, in this prior application, a relay circuit that is independent of the primary side power supply circuit and the secondary load side circuit is provided as a resonance circuit, and the relay coil that resonates with the capacitor is connected to the primary side coil and the secondary side. It is characterized by being arranged in the magnetic path of the air gap between the side coils.
And although this prior application greatly contributes to the air gap enlargement, further air gap enlargement has been eagerly desired. Furthermore, improvement in the degree of freedom of arrangement of coils and expansion of variations have been eagerly desired. For example, with respect to the primary side coil and the secondary side coil, countermeasures against misalignment in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction of the horizontal plane have also been an issue.

<< About the present invention >>
In view of such a situation, the relay-type non-contact power feeding device of the present invention has been further researched based on the above-mentioned prior application, and has been developed as an improved invention.
The present invention firstly proposes a relay-type non-contact power feeding device that allows further expansion of the air gap and secondly improves the degree of freedom of coil arrangement and increases variations. And

<About Claim>
The technical means of the present invention for solving such a problem is as follows, as described in the claims.
First, claim 1 is as follows.
The relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to claim 1 is based on the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction and is non-contact with an air gap from the coil of the power supply circuit on the primary side to the coil of the load-side circuit on the secondary side. Power is supplied while being located.
A relay coil of the relay circuit is disposed on the primary coil side and the secondary coil side, respectively, and an intermediate coil of the intermediate circuit is disposed between the relay coils. It is characterized by that.

Claim 2 is as follows.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to the first aspect, wherein the primary side power circuit and the relay circuit are stationary on the ground side, and the intermediate circuit is also stationary on the ground side. Has been. The secondary load side circuit and the relay circuit are mounted on a moving body.
Claim 3 is as follows.
The relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to claim 3 is the relay system according to claim 2, wherein the relay circuit and the intermediate circuit are independent of the primary-side power supply circuit and the secondary-side load-side circuit, respectively. . The relay coil of the relay circuit resonates with the capacitor of the same circuit, and the intermediate coil of the intermediate circuit resonates with the capacitor of the same circuit.
Claim 4 is as follows.
The relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to claim 4 is the relay-type non-contact power supply device according to claim 3, wherein the primary side coil, the secondary side coil, the relay coil, and the intermediate coil are each in a circular or square spiral shape. It is characterized by having a flat structure that is wound and flat.

Claim 5 is as follows.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to the fourth aspect is provided such that the primary side coil and the relay coil are arranged singly in a vertical direction laterally with respect to the vehicle as the moving body. . One or more intermediate coils are disposed laterally on the ground. The secondary coil and the relay coil are arranged singly in the vertical direction on the side and front of the vehicle or in the horizontal direction on the bottom.
Claim 6 is as follows.
The relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to claim 6 is the relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to claim 4, wherein the primary side coil and the relay coil are arranged singly in a longitudinal direction or a lateral direction with respect to the vehicle as the moving body. Is done. One or a plurality of the intermediate coils are disposed laterally upward. The secondary coil and the relay coil are arranged in a single direction, either vertically or laterally on the side of the vehicle.
Claim 7 is as follows.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to the fourth aspect, wherein at least a coil thickness is provided between the primary coil and the relay coil and between the secondary coil and the relay coil. Corresponding gaps are formed. The center-to-center distance between the primary-side relay coil and the intermediate coil and the center-to-center distance between the secondary-side relay coil and the intermediate coil correspond to the winding diameter of the relay coil and the intermediate coil. It is characterized by using the measured dimensions as a guide.
Claim 8 is as follows.
The relay-type non-contact power supply apparatus according to claim 8 is the relay-type non-contact power supply apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the non-contact power supply apparatus is configured to supply power when the secondary coil and relay coil are the primary coil, relay coil, and It consists of a stop power feeding system that stops near the intermediate coil, or when power is fed, the secondary coil and the relay coil are moved at a low speed near the primary coil, the relay coil, and the intermediate coil. It is characterized by comprising a mobile power feeding system that travels.

<About the action>
Since the present invention comprises such means, the following is achieved.
(1) In the non-contact power feeding device, the secondary side supplies electric power to the primary side while the air gap exists and is positioned correspondingly.
(2) This power supply is performed by a stop power supply system or a mobile power supply system.
(3) During power feeding, the primary side coil is energized to form a magnetic flux, and a magnetic path is formed between the secondary side coil.
(4) Accordingly, the primary side coil and the secondary side coil are electromagnetically coupled, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the secondary side coil. Electric power is supplied from the primary side to the secondary side by such mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction.
(5) Now, the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention has a relay system, and in the air gap between the primary side coil and the secondary side coil, the relay coil of the relay circuit, the intermediate coil of the intermediate circuit, the relay coil of the relay circuit Are arranged in order.
(6) Then, power is supplied from the primary coil to the secondary coil by resonating both the relay coils and the intermediate coil with the capacitors of the respective circuits.
(7) The fact that power supply is carried out by such a relay method is supported by experiments and the like.
(8) And the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention employs a relay system by resonance in which an intermediate coil is interposed in addition to the relay coil, so that the air gap can be expanded without impairing the predetermined supply power. The adoption of a flat structure for each coil also contributes to the expansion of the air gap.
(9) Further, in the non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention, the power supply is performed by the relay method in which the coils are combined and arranged together with the expansion of the air gap. Variations expand.
(10) Then, the relay-type non-contact power feeding device of the present invention exhibits the following effects.

<< First effect >>
First, further expansion of the air gap is possible. The non-contact power feeding device of the present invention employs a resonance relay system in which an intermediate coil is interposed between a primary coil, its relay coil, a secondary coil, and its relay coil. The air gap between the secondary coil and the secondary coil can be increased to, for example, about several meters without impairing the supplied power.
That is, it is excellent in gap power feeding efficiency, and can supply a large amount of power of several kW even under a large gap of about 1 m to 2 m, for example. Compared to the air gap of about 100 mm of this kind of conventional example and the air gap without an intermediate coil, it is possible to supply a large amount of power under a larger air gap.
Therefore, for example, a road for supplying electric power from an external power source to a refrigeration installation of a truck, for example, a refrigeration truck, which is considered to be difficult to lower the floor is opened.

<< Second effect >>
Secondly, with respect to each coil, the degree of freedom of arrangement is improved and the variation of arrangement is expanded. Since the non-contact power feeding device of the present invention performs power supply by the relay method in which the coils are sequentially combined and arranged together with the above-described air gap expansion, the degree of freedom in coil arrangement is improved.
That is, the primary coil and its relay coil are arranged vertically and horizontally on the ground side, the intermediate coil is arranged horizontally on the ground side and above, the secondary coil, The relay coil can be arranged vertically or horizontally on the side, bottom, front, top, etc. of a moving body such as a vehicle. Therefore, for example, as in the above-described conventional example, the primary side coil and the secondary side coil can be freely arranged without worrying about the positional deviation in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.
As described above, according to the present invention, variations in the coil arrangement are expanded, and by selecting the coil arrangement according to the power supply situation, it can be widely applied to various power supply fields. For example, this type of conventional example is limited to the bottom surface feeding method (road surface feeding method), as well as the bottom surface charging method, side feeding method (side wall feeding method), horizontal feeding method, top surface feeding method. Various other power supply methods are possible.
As described above, the effects exerted by the present invention are remarkably large, such as all the problems existing in this type of conventional example are solved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a circuit explanatory diagram for explaining a mode for carrying out the invention of a relay-type non-contact power feeding device according to the present invention. It is used for description of the form for implementing this invention, and is a side schematic diagram of the example of use. Fig. 1 shows the first example, Fig. 2 shows the second example, Fig. 3 shows the third example, Fig. 4 shows the fourth example, and Fig. 5 shows the fifth example. . It uses for description of the form for implementing this invention, and is a side schematic diagram of each use example. Fig. 1 shows the sixth example, Fig. 2 shows the seventh example, Fig. 3 shows the eighth example, Fig. 4 shows the ninth example, and Fig. 5 shows the tenth example. . It is used for description of the form for implementing this invention, and is front explanatory drawing of arrangement | positioning variations, such as a primary side coil, a secondary side coil, a relay coil, and an intermediate coil. (1) Figure 1 is, (2) Figure 2 is, (3) Figure 3 is, (4) Figure 4 is, (5) Figure 5 is, (6) Figure 6 is 6, (7) The figure shows the seventh. For explanation of the mode for carrying out the invention, (1) is a front explanatory view of a typical arrangement example of a primary side coil, a secondary side coil, a relay coil, etc., and (2) is a coupling coefficient. It is a graph of. (3) Figures, (4) and (5) are plan explanatory views of the coil shape, (3) Figure is an example of a circle, (4) Figure is an example of a square, (5) Figure is An example of a rectangle is shown. It uses for description of the form for implementing this invention, and is front explanatory drawing of arrangement | positioning variations, such as a primary side coil, a secondary side coil, and a relay coil. (1) Figure 1 shows, (2) Figure 2 shows, (3) Figure 3 shows, (4) Figure 4 shows, (5) Figure 5 shows, (6) Figure 6 shows that 6 , Respectively. (7) The figure shows an example of inappropriate placement. It uses for description of a non-contact electric power feeder, and is plane explanatory views, such as the primary side coil and the secondary side coil. It uses for description of a non-contact electric power feeder, (1) A figure is side surface explanatory drawing, (2) A figure is a block diagram.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.
That is, the relay-type non-contact power feeding apparatus A of the present invention, its general description, the structure of the primary side and the secondary side, the outline of the present invention, the arrangement of the relay coil and the relay coil, the arrangement of the intermediate coil and the intermediate coil , Each use example of the present invention, action, etc. will be described in this order.

<< About non-contact power feeding device A >>
First, the non-contact power feeding apparatus A will be generally described with reference to FIG.
The non-contact power feeding device A has an air gap g from the coil 4 of the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 to the coil 6 of the load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2 based on the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction. Electric power is supplied in a non-contact position.
The primary side 1 is fixedly disposed on the ground side C such as the ground B, and the secondary side 2 is mounted on a moving body E such as a vehicle D.

Such a non-contact power supply apparatus A will be described in further detail. First, the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1, that is, the power supply side and the track side is fixed to the ground B such as the road surface and the floor surface and the other ground side C in the illustrated power supply stand F, power supply corner, and other power supply areas. It is fixedly arranged.
On the other hand, the secondary side 2, that is, the power receiving side and the pickup side are mounted on a vehicle D such as an electric car or a train, and other moving bodies E. As the mobile body E, various transportation systems, cart systems, amusement facilities, factory transportation systems, automatic guided vehicle AGVS (automatic guided vehicle system), and the like are also conceivable. The secondary side 2 can be used not only for driving but also for non-driving. Moreover, although it is typically connected to the vehicle-mounted battery 7, it may be directly connected to various loads.
The coil 4 on the primary side 1 and the coil 6 on the secondary side 2 are positioned in a non-contact manner while supplying an air gap g as a gap space during power feeding. In the illustrated example, the secondary side 2 coil 6 is stopped and parked on the primary side 1 coil 4, but it is slow on the primary side 1 coil 4 regardless of the illustrated example. Of course, a mobile power feeding system that travels is also possible.
In the case of the stop feeding method, the primary side 1 coil 4 and the secondary side 2 coil 6 have a symmetrical structure that forms a pair, for example, vertically. As an example of the mobile power supply method, an example in which power is supplied to an electric vehicle (EV vehicle) running on an expressway can be given.
In the illustrated example, the coil 6 on the secondary side 2 is connected to the in-vehicle battery 7, and the traveling motor 8 is driven by the battery 7 charged by power feeding. In the figure, 9 is a converter that converts alternating current into direct current, and 10 is an inverter that converts direct current into alternating current.

In the non-contact power feeding device A, supplying electric power based on the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction is a publicly known public use. During power feeding, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 6 by the magnetic flux formation in the coil 4 between the coil 4 on the primary side 1 and the coil 6 on the secondary side 2 corresponding to each other. Supplying power to 6 is publicly known.
That is, first, the secondary side 2 coil 6 is located corresponding to the primary side 1 coil 4 via the air gap g, and the primary side 1 coil 4 is energized with alternating current as an exciting current. A magnetic field is generated around the conducting wire of the coil 4 and a magnetic flux is formed in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the coil 4.
The magnetic flux formed by the coil 4 on the primary side 1 passes through the secondary side coil 6 and is linked to generate an induced electromotive force in the secondary side coil 6, thereby forming a magnetic field. Electric power is transmitted and received using a magnetic field. A magnetic circuit of magnetic flux on the coil 4 side and a magnetic circuit of magnetic flux on the coil 6 side are electromagnetically coupled by forming a magnetic circuit of magnetic flux, that is, a magnetic path, between them. In the non-contact power feeding apparatus A, power feeding is performed based on such mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction.
The non-contact power supply device A is generally configured as described above.

<< About the structure of the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2 >>
Next, the structure of the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2 of the non-contact power feeding apparatus A will be generally described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 7, and FIG.
First, the primary side 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 8, in the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1, the coil 4 is connected to the power source 11. As the power source 11, a high frequency inverter of about several kHz to several tens of kHz is used.
As shown in FIG. 7, the coil 4 has a substantially flat plate shape and a flat structure of a multiple turn method. In other words, the insulated coil conductors are turned into a circular or square spiral shape while maintaining a parallel positional relationship in parallel on the same plane, so that they are entirely flat and thick with no irregularities. A thin flat structure is formed, and an annular shape and a substantially flange shape are formed, and a space is formed in the central portion.
In the illustrated example, a ferrite core 12 as a magnetic core is used to increase the inductance between the coils 4 and 6 to strengthen the electromagnetic coupling and to induce, collect and direct the magnetic flux. The ferrite core 12 has a larger area than the coil 4, has a flat plate shape, an annular shape, and a substantially flange shape, and is arranged concentrically with the coil 4.
In the present invention, the ferrite core 12 is used as necessary in consideration of output fluctuations due to the resonance frequency and coil arrangement, and is not used when the use effect is small.
In FIG. 7, 13 is a mold resin, 14 is a foam material, and 15 is a base plate. The mold resin 13 is used for positioning and fixing the coil 4 and the ferrite core 12, and the foam material 14 is used for weight reduction.

Next, the secondary side 2 will be described. The load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2 includes a coil 6, a ferrite core 16 and a load 17 corresponding to the coil 4 and the ferrite core 12 of the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 described above. The configurations of the secondary side 2 coil 6 and the ferrite core 16 are the same as those of the primary side 1 coil 4 and the ferrite core 12 in the case of the stop power feeding method, for example. The mold resin 13, the foam material 14, the base plate 15, and the like also conform to those on the primary side 1. Normally, the winding diameter of the coil 6 is the same as that of the coil 4, but the number of turns is different.
The primary side 1 and the secondary side 2 are as described above.

<< Outline of the Present Invention >>
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the outline of the present invention will be described.
As described above, the relay-type non-contact power feeding device A is based on the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction and has an air gap g from the primary side 1 coil 4 to the secondary side 2 coil 6 so as to be non-contact. While supplying the power, power is supplied.
The relay coil 19 of the relay circuit 18 is disposed on the primary side 1 coil 4 side, and the relay coil 21 of the relay circuit 20 is disposed on the secondary side 2 coil 6 side. An intermediate coil 23 of the intermediate circuit 22 is disposed between the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 and the relay coil 21 on the secondary side 2.
The relay circuits 18 and 20 and the intermediate circuit 22 are independent from the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 and the load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2, respectively. Of course, the relay circuits 18 and 20 and the intermediate circuit 22 are also independent.
The relay coil 19 of the relay circuit 18 resonates with the capacitor 24 of the same circuit, the relay coil 21 of the relay circuit 20 resonates with the capacitor 25 of the same circuit, and the intermediate coil 23 of the intermediate circuit 22 Resonates with the capacitor 26.
The outline of the present invention is as described above.

<< Relay coils 19 and 21 >>
The present invention will be described in detail. First, the relay coils 19 and 21 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The relay circuit 18 is fixedly disposed on the ground side C together with the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1, and the relay circuit 20 is mounted on the moving body E such as the vehicle D together with the load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2. .
The relay circuit 18 disposed adjacent to the primary side 1 and the relay circuit 20 disposed adjacent to the secondary side 2 are both composed of a resonance circuit, and include a resonance relay coil 19 and a capacitor 24, and a resonance circuit. The relay coil 21 and the capacitor 25 are provided.
The relay coil 19 and the relay coil 21 have a flat flat structure in accordance with the primary side 1 coil 4 and the secondary side 2 coil 6 described above, and are shown in FIGS. As shown, it is wound into a circle, square, rectangle or the like. In the relay coils 19 and 21, a large current flows due to resonance, and resistance loss and power loss increase. Therefore, for example, a litz wire is adopted as part of the reduction measures, and the relay coils 19 and 21 are wound in one or three paragraphs.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 (1), FIG. 6, etc., the relay coils 19, 21 are often larger than the coils 4, 6, and the relay coil 19 is the primary side. The relay coil 21 is disposed coaxially with the secondary side coil 6. Usually, the relay coil 19 and the relay coil 21 have the same area and the same shape.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (1), at least the coil thickness is between the coil 4 on the primary side 1 and the relay coil 19 and between the coil 6 on the secondary side 2 and the relay coil 21. For example, a gap H of about 50 mm is formed. A space is required for the lines of magnetic force formed by the coils 4 and 6 to be removed, and when the coil thickness is different, a gap H larger than the thicker wall thickness is formed.
In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 (1), FIG. 6 and the like, the ferrite cores 12 and 16 are disposed on both the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2, but as described above, Its use is not essential.

<< Disposition of relay coils 19 and 21 >>
Next, the arrangement of the relay coils 19 and 21 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The coil arrangement described below has been grasped as a new development as a result of further experiments by the inventors of the present invention with respect to the above-mentioned prior application (Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-019086).
First, as shown in FIG. 5 (1), the center-to-center distance a between the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 and the relay coil 21 on the secondary side 2 is determined by the relay coil 19, A size corresponding to a winding diameter b of 21 is a guide.
That is, the coupling coefficient indicating the degree of electromagnetic coupling between the two magnetic circuits is, for example, when the setting of the center distance a exceeds the winding diameter b of 500 mm as in the experimental data shown in FIG. , Decline rapidly. The experiment shown in FIG. 5 (2) was conducted with a winding diameter of 500 mm, a resonance frequency of 80 kHz, with ferrite cores 12 and 16 and a supply power of 1 kW according to the typical arrangement shown in FIG. 1 (1). . A winding diameter of 500 mm is a typical on-vehicle size.
First, the winding diameter b is applied when the coil shape is circular, but when the coil shape is square or rectangular, it is converted to a circular coil shape having the same area.
Secondly, it is of course possible to set the center distance a <the winding diameter b. However, considering that the center-to-center distance a becomes the base of the air gap g between the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2, the center-to-center distance a is set to about the winding diameter b from the viewpoint of expanding the air gap g. However, it has the highest gap feeding efficiency and can be said to be a typical design.
Thirdly, of course, it is possible to set the distance between the centers a> the winding diameter b. However, as the difference increases, it is unavoidable to reduce the coupling coefficient, and the power that can be supplied is greatly reduced. As a result, the gap power feeding efficiency, which is the ratio of the air gap g to the supplied power, deteriorates. Difficulties arise.

Now, on the premise of the center distance a grasped in this way, the arrangement variations between the relay coils 19 and 21 are as follows. As shown in FIG. 5A, various arrangement examples are possible as shown in FIG. 6 in addition to the representative example in which both relay coils 19 and 21 are opposed to each other.
That is, with respect to the arrangement relationship between both the relay coils 19 and 21, first, as shown in FIG. 6 (1), the secondary side coil 6 and the ferrite core 16 are disposed in parallel between the two, On the contrary, the primary side 1 coil 4 and the ferrite core 12 are disposed in parallel between the two,
An example in which all of the coil 4, the coil 6, the ferrite core 12, the ferrite core 16, and the like are interposed in parallel between the two is also possible. (2) An example in which both are positioned side by side as shown in the figure, an example in which both are positioned in reverse, and an example in which both are side by side as shown in (3) are possible.
Also, as shown in (4), the central axes of both are orthogonal, but the other central point is not located on one central axis and left and right, or as shown in (5) Even if the other central point is located on the central axis of the two, the central axes of the two are not orthogonal to each other, and for example, it is possible to slightly incline about 80 degrees. (6) Even if the other central point is located on one central axis as shown in the figure, an example in which both central axes are not orthogonal to each other, for example, largely inclined by about 40 degrees is also possible. Furthermore, other arrangement examples according to these examples and arrangement examples combining these are possible.
In each illustrated example, the center-to-center distance a between the relay coils 19 and 21 is about the winding diameter b except in the example of (5), but in the example of (5), the winding diameter b is It was necessary to make it approach to about 1/2.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7 (7), when the central axes of the two are orthogonal to each other and the other central point coincides with one central axis, the power cannot be supplied, which is an inappropriate arrangement example.
The relay coils 19 and 20 are as described above.

<About the intermediate coil 23>
Next, the intermediate coil 23 will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, the intermediate circuit 22 is placed on the ground side C together with the power circuit 3 and the relay circuit 18 on the primary side 1. The intermediate circuit 22 includes a resonance circuit, and includes a resonance intermediate coil 23 and a capacitor 26.
The intermediate coil 23 is wound into a circular shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, or the like according to the above-described coils 4, 6, relay coils 19, 21, etc. (see also FIGS. 7 and 5 (3) to (5)). Therefore, it has a flat structure.
The intermediate coil 23 preferably has a common specification such as the same area as the relay coils 19 and 21. A combination with a common specification is suitable for resonance, and there is a possibility that the resonance state changes when combined with a different specification. For example, although the intermediate coil 23 may be square with respect to the circular shape of the relay coils 19 and 21, it is desirable that at least the area is common. The use of the litz wire is the same as that described above for the relay coils 19 and 21.

<< About the arrangement of the intermediate coil 23 >>
Next, the arrangement of the intermediate coil 23 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The coil arrangement described below is premised on the coil arrangement of the relay coils 19 and 21 described above. Based on this, as a result of repeated experiments in which the intermediate coil 23 is interposed and added between the relay coils 19 and 21 as a base, it has been grasped as follows.
The intermediate coil 23 is disposed between the primary side 1 coil 4 and the relay coil 19 and the secondary side 2 coil 6 and the relay coil 21. First, the center-to-center distance a between the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 and the intermediate coil 23 and the center-to-center distance a between the relay coil 21 on the secondary side 2 and the intermediate coil 23 are the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23. A size corresponding to the winding diameter b of the coil 23 is a guide.

That is, in view of the relay system by resonance in which the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23 are interposed between the coil 1 on the primary side 1 and the coil 6 on the secondary side 2, the center between the relay coils 19 and 21. The place described above for the inter-distance a is also applied as it is between the relay coil 19 and the intermediate coil 23 and between the relay coil 21 and the intermediate coil 23.
Therefore, the center-to-center distance a between the relay coil 19 and the intermediate coil 23 and the center-to-center distance a between the relay coil 21 and the intermediate coil 23 are about the winding diameter b of the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23. It becomes a target.
First, as described above, the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23 have a common area or the like as described above.
Secondly, the replacement conversion when the coil shape is different in a circle, square, rectangle or the like is also the same as that described above with respect to the relay coils 19 and 21.
Thirdly, the setting of the center distance a <winding diameter b, and conversely, the setting of the center distance a> winding diameter b is also the same as described above with respect to the relay coils 19 and 21.
Fourthly, in the illustrated example of FIG. 4, the ferrite cores 12 and 16 are not used for the coils 4 and 6. Fifth, the arrangement example of the relay coil 19 (21) with respect to the coil 4 (6) conforms to the place described above with reference to the drawings (1) to (3) in FIG.

Now, on the premise of the center-to-center distance a grasped in this way, the arrangement variations of the intermediate coil 23 are as follows.
As shown in (1) to (7) of FIG. 4, the intermediate coil 23, the primary side coil 4 and the relay coil 19, the secondary side 2 coil 6 and the relay coil 21, Various arrangement examples are possible for the positional relationship between the three parties.
That is, with respect to the intermediate coil 23, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 (1), an example with an angle other than a representative example in which the central axis coincides with that of the opposite and is located in the middle is also included. An example in which the central axis is shifted is also possible. (2) An example in which the central axis is orthogonal to the opposing other as shown in the figure and vertically positioned on one side, and (3) the central axis is orthogonal to the opposing other as shown in FIG. An example in which the center axis is orthogonal to the other in the horizontal arrangement as shown in FIG.
Also, as shown in (5), the center axis is parallel to the other side by side, and one is located in the middle in the middle, and (6) the center axis is parallel to the other side by side. In addition, an example in which two are arranged side by side in the middle, and an example in which three or more are located, are possible.
Furthermore, other arrangement examples according to these examples are possible. Thus, a wide variety of arrangement variations are possible.

First, the example of FIG. 4 (7) is an arrangement example in which power can be supplied by arranging the intermediate coil 23 adjacent to each other.
That is, as described above with reference to FIG. 6 (7), when the central axes of the relay coils 19 and 21 are orthogonal to each other and the other central point coincides with one central axis, it becomes impossible to supply power. However, as an exception, in the example of FIG. 4 (7), the intermediate coil 23 is disposed adjacent to one side with the central axis in parallel, so that power can be supplied.
Secondly, the center distance a is about a winding diameter b in each example of FIG.
Thirdly, as shown in FIG. 4 (6), in the example in which two intermediate coils 23 are positioned side by side in the middle, and in the case where a plurality of other intermediate coils 23 are positioned, the center-to-center distance a between the intermediate coils 23 is determined. Also, the winding diameter b is a standard.
The intermediate coil 23 is as described above.

<< About each use example of this invention >>
Next, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Regarding the arrangement of the intermediate coil 23, as described above, a wide variety of arrangement variations are possible.
Accordingly, for this non-contact power feeding device A of the relay system, which includes the intermediate coil 23, the relay coils 19 and 21, the primary side 1 coil 4, the secondary side 2 coil 6 and the like, for example, FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, various usage examples are possible. However, the arrangement variations of the coil 4 (6) and the relay coil 19 (21) are omitted.

The example of FIG. 2 is as follows.
In the non-contact power feeding device A shown in FIG. 2, the primary side coil 4 and the relay coil 19 are disposed laterally with respect to the vehicle D that is the moving body E, and are disposed in a single vertical direction. ing. One or a plurality of intermediate coils 23 are disposed laterally on the ground B. The secondary side coil 6 and the relay coil 21 are arranged singly in the vertical direction on the side and front of the vehicle D or in the horizontal direction on the bottom.
Each example of FIG. 2 will be described in further detail. First, in common with each example, the coil 4 and the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 are arranged vertically in the lower portion of the wall surface J on the ground side C, and the ground side C on the intermediate point between the wall surface J and the vehicle D is disposed on the ground side C. An intermediate coil 23 is embedded in the ground B in a lateral direction.
The intermediate coil 23 (2) is embedded in the example of FIG. 2 and one in each of the other examples, but three or more intermediate coils 23 can be embedded side by side (by embedding a plurality, The distance a between the centers increases accordingly, and the air gap g can be enlarged). Alternatively, it is possible to embed a plurality of intermediate coils 23 around the coil 4 and the relay coil 19 and to supply power to a plurality of vehicles at the same time.
Further, for the vehicle D which is the moving body E, the secondary side coil 6 and the relay coil 21 are vertically oriented in the lower part of the side portion in the example of (1), (2), (3) In the example, it is arranged horizontally below the bottom, in the example of (4), vertically in the front, and in the example of (5), horizontally in the bottom below the front.
And, for example, in the side power feeding method (side wall power feeding method) shown in the examples of FIGS. 2 (1) and 2 (2), in view of slow driving of the vehicle D, an air gap g of about 1 m to 2 m is actually Although it is required between the wall surface J and the vehicle D, it can be sufficiently ensured.

The example of FIG. 3 is as follows.
In the non-contact power feeding device A shown in FIG. 3, the primary side coil 4 and the relay coil 19 are disposed laterally with respect to the vehicle D that is the moving body E, and are arranged in a single orientation in the vertical or horizontal direction. It is installed. One or a plurality of intermediate coils 23 are disposed horizontally in the upward direction. The secondary side coil 6 and the relay coil 21 are arranged singly on the side of the vehicle D vertically or horizontally on the top.
Each example of FIG. 3 will be described in further detail. First, in common with each example, the coil 4 and the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally on the upper surface (ceiling portion) of the wall surface J on the ground side C, and between the wall surface J and the vehicle D. An intermediate coil 23 is installed horizontally in a high place on the ground side C of the point.
In addition, the secondary side coil 6 and the relay coil 21 are arranged vertically on the upper side of the vehicle D in the examples shown in FIGS. (1), (3), and (5). , (4) In the example of FIG.
In the present invention, for example, various usage examples are possible as described above.

《Action etc.》
The relay-type non-contact power feeding apparatus A of the present invention is configured as described above. Therefore, it becomes as follows.
(1) In the non-contact power supply device A, the coil 6 on the power receiving side and the secondary side 2 mounted on the moving body E such as the vehicle D is placed on the ground side C such as the ground B or the wall surface J. Electric power is supplied to the coil 4 on the power supply side and the primary side 1 while keeping the air gap g and correspondingly positioned in a non-contact manner (see FIG. 8).

(2) This power supply is performed by a stop power supply system or a mobile power supply system (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
In the stop feeding method, when feeding, the secondary side 2 coil 6 and the relay coil 21 on the moving body E side are close to the ground side C primary side 1 coil 4, the relay coil 19, and the intermediate coil 23. Stopped. In the mobile power feeding method, when power is fed, the secondary side 2 coil 6 and relay coil 21 on the moving body E side are located near the ground side C primary side 1 coil 4, relay coil 19, and intermediate coil 23. Drive at low speed.

(3) When power is supplied, first, the coil 4 of the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 is energized by a high-frequency alternating current.
Therefore, a magnetic flux is formed in the coil 4, so that the magnetic path of the magnetic flux between the air gap g is between the coil 4 of the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 and the coil 6 of the load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2. It is formed with a relay system interposed. That is, the relay coil 19, the intermediate coil 23, the relay coil 21, and the like are formed by interposing a relay system by resonance (see FIG. 1).

(4) Thus, the primary side coil 4 and the secondary side coil 6 are electromagnetically coupled to form a magnetic field therebetween. The magnetic flux formed by the primary side 1 coil 4 penetrates the secondary side 2 coil 6, so that an induced electromotive force is generated in the secondary side 2 coil 6.
In the non-contact power feeding apparatus A, electric power is supplied from the coil 4 of the power circuit 3 on the primary side 1 to the coil 6 of the load side circuit 5 on the secondary side 2 by the mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction. (See FIG. 1 and the like).

  (5) Now, the non-contact power feeding device A of the present invention is of a relay system. That is, regarding the magnetic path of the air gap g between the coil 4 on the primary side 1 and the coil 6 on the secondary side 2, the relay coil 19 of the independent relay circuit 18 is connected on the secondary side 2 on the primary side 1. The relay coil 21 of the independent relay circuit 20 and the intermediate coil 23 of the independent intermediate circuit 22 are respectively disposed between the relay coil 19 and the relay coil 21 (see FIGS. 1 to 4).

  (6) By resonating both the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23 with the capacitors 24, 25 and 26 of the respective circuits 18, 20, and 22 at a common resonance frequency, the coils 4, 19, 23, 21 and 6 are electromagnetically coupled. Accordingly, power is supplied from the coil 4 on the primary side 1 to the coil 6 on the secondary side 2.

  (7) It was confirmed by repeated experiments that the power supply is performed by the relay system using the relay coils 19 and 21 and the intermediate coil 23 that resonate in this way. Further, it is presumed that excitation reactive power is supplied to the magnetic path by the resonance described above, and the theory of the Helmholtz coil is supported.

(8) And, the non-contact power feeding device A of the present invention impairs the power supply by adopting the relay method by resonance in which the intermediate coil 23 is added and interposed between the relay coils 19 and 21 as described above. Therefore, the air gap g can be further expanded.
That is, the air gap g between the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2 is the distance a between the center a between the relay coil 19 on the primary side 1 and the intermediate coil 23 and the relay coil on the intermediate coil 23 and the secondary side 2. The center distance a between 21 is used as a reference (see FIGS. 1 and 4). Further, in addition to this, the center distance a between the intermediate coils 23 may be added as a reference (see FIG. 4 (6)).
The air gap g can be calculated by using the distance a between the centers as a reference and, for example, for each illustrated example, the sum (for example, g = a + a or g = a + a + a) or a trigonometric function. The center-to-center distance a is based on the coil winding diameter b.
Eventually, by adding and interposing the intermediate coil 23, it is possible to obtain an air gap g that is, for example, twice or more as compared with the case of only the relay coils 19 and 21. And the electric power supply excellent in gap electric power feeding efficiency is attained under the obtained large gap.
The adoption of flat structures for the primary side coil 4, the relay coil 19, the intermediate coil 23, the relay coil 21, the secondary side coil 6 and the like also contributes to such a large gap.

(9) Further, in the non-contact power feeding device A of the present invention, the air gap g is expanded in this way, and the primary side coil 4, the relay coil 19, the intermediate coil 23, the relay coil 21, the secondary side coil 6 The power supply is performed by a relay system in which the combinations are sequentially arranged. Therefore, the degree of freedom in coil arrangement is improved.
That is, on the basis of the expansion of the air gap g and the relay method combining the coils, the arrangement positions such as the height and position of the coils 4, 19, 23, 21, and 6 and the arrangement directions such as the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, etc. The variation of coil arrangement is expanded.
Therefore, the non-contact power supply device A can be used in various ways (see FIG. 2, FIG. 3, etc.).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary side 2 Secondary side 3 Power supply circuit 4 Coil 5 Load side circuit 6 Coil 7 Battery 8 Motor 9 Converter 10 Inverter 11 Power supply 12 Ferrite core 13 Mold resin 14 Foaming material 15 Base plate 16 Ferrite core 17 Load 18 Relay circuit 19 Relay Coil 20 Relay circuit 21 Relay coil 22 Intermediate circuit 23 Intermediate coil 24 Capacitor 25 Capacitor 26 Capacitor A Non-contact power feeding device B Ground C Ground side D Vehicle E Mobile body F Power supply stand H Clearance J Wall surface a Center distance b Winding diameter g Air gap

Claims (8)

A non-contact power feeding device that supplies electric power from a coil of a primary power supply circuit to a coil of a load circuit on the secondary side in a non-contact manner and in a non-contact position based on a mutual induction action of electromagnetic induction In
A relay coil of the relay circuit is disposed on each of the primary coil side and the secondary coil side, and an intermediate coil of the intermediate circuit is disposed between the relay coils. A relay-type non-contact power feeding device characterized by the above. In the non-contact power feeding device according to claim 1, the primary side power circuit and the relay circuit are stationary on the ground side, and the intermediate circuit is also stationary on the ground side,
A relay-type non-contact power feeding device, wherein the secondary load side circuit and the relay circuit are mounted on a moving body. The contactless power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the relay circuit and the intermediate circuit are independent from the primary side power supply circuit and the secondary side load side circuit, respectively.
A relay-type non-contact power feeding device, wherein the relay coil of the relay circuit resonates with a capacitor of the same circuit, and the intermediate coil of the intermediate circuit resonates with the capacitor of the same circuit.   The contactless power feeding device according to claim 3, wherein the primary side coil, the secondary side coil, the relay coil, and the intermediate coil are each wound in a circular or square spiral shape to be flat. A relay-type non-contact power feeding device characterized by comprising a flat structure. 5. The non-contact power feeding apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the primary coil and the relay coil are arranged in a single vertical direction laterally with respect to the vehicle as the moving body, and the intermediate coil is formed on the ground. Singularly or plurally arranged horizontally,
A relay-type non-contact power feeding device, wherein the secondary coil and the relay coil are arranged in a single direction vertically or laterally at the side or front of the vehicle. 5. The contactless power supply device according to claim 4, wherein the primary coil and the relay coil are arranged singly in a vertical or horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle as the moving body, and the intermediate coil is , One or more are arranged horizontally in the upper direction,
A relay-type non-contact power feeding device, wherein the secondary coil and the relay coil are arranged in a single direction vertically on the side of the vehicle or horizontally on the top. 5. The contactless power supply device according to claim 4, wherein a gap corresponding to at least a coil thickness is formed between the primary coil and the relay coil and between the secondary coil and the relay coil. And
The center-to-center distance between the primary-side relay coil and the intermediate coil and the center-to-center distance between the secondary-side relay coil and the intermediate coil correspond to the winding diameters of the relay coil and the intermediate coil. A relay-type non-contact power feeding device characterized by using dimensions as a guide. The contactless power supply device according to claim 4, wherein the contactless power supply device is configured such that when the power supply is performed, the secondary coil and the relay coil are close to the primary coil, the relay coil, and the intermediate coil. Whether it consists of a stop power supply system that stops or
When supplying power, the secondary coil and the relay coil are composed of a mobile power supply system that travels at a low speed near the primary coil, the relay coil, and the intermediate coil. Contact power supply device.

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