JP2011051538A - Heating device and electric vehicle equipped with it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a problem of a conventional heating device or an electric vehicle equipped with it wherein both of a battery and a floor always continue to be heated when a heater is heated for heating a battery. <P>SOLUTION: A heating device 10 of an electric vehicle 16 with a battery 1 mounted below a floor 19 at a bottom of a rear seat is arranged between an upper face of the battery 1 and a floor 19. The heating device 10 comprises an air bag 12 mounted to the battery 1, an electric heater 12 mounted to a face of the air bag 12 opposite to the battery 1, air introduction means 13, and air exhaust means 14. Thereby, the electric heater 11 is heated without introducing air into the air bag 12, so as to heat both of the battery 1 and the floor 19. The electric heater 11 is heated by introducing air into the air bag 12, so as to heat only the floor 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for heating a battery and an interior of an electric vehicle.

  Conventionally, as this type of heating device, there is one in which a PTC heater is disposed on a battery (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 4 is a plan configuration diagram of a conventional heating device described in Patent Document 1 and an electric vehicle equipped with the same. An electric heater 2 having PTC characteristics is disposed on a battery 1 disposed under the vehicle floor, and a battery temperature sensor 3 is disposed on the battery 1. The temperature of the battery 1 is measured by the battery temperature sensor 3, and when the temperature of the battery 1 is a low temperature of 20 ° C. or lower, power is supplied to the PTC heater 2 to heat the battery 1.

  This is because, as a characteristic of the lithium ion battery used as the battery 1, the capacity decreases at low temperatures, and as a result, the cruising distance decreases. Unlike electric products used indoors, the influence of the low temperature environment in winter is unavoidable in cold districts, so countermeasures are required and an electric heater 2 for heating the battery 1 is installed.

JP 7-143609 A

  However, in the conventional heating device and the electric vehicle equipped with the conventional heating device, there is a problem that when the electric heater 2 is heated to heat the battery 1, both the battery 1 and the floor are always heated. For example, since the temperature of the battery rises due to self-heating as it continues to discharge and charge during traveling, it is necessary to stop heating and cool the battery during traveling. This is because lithium ion batteries have problems such as thermal decomposition under high temperature conditions. On the other hand, the person in the vehicle always feels cold during traveling, and thus it is necessary to continuously heat the heater.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can heat both the battery and the floor, and if necessary, insulates the battery and heats only the floor, and a heating device mounted thereon The purpose is to provide an electric vehicle.

In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heating device of the present invention and an electric vehicle equipped with the heating device include the battery of the electric vehicle in which a battery for supplying driving power is mounted under the floor of the rear seat. A heating device disposed between an upper surface and the floor, wherein the heating device is an air bag made of a material having good thermal conductivity to be attached to the battery, and a side of the airbag opposite to the battery side. It comprises an electric heater mounted on the surface, air introduction means for introducing air into the airbag, and air discharge means for extracting air from the airbag. This allows both the battery and the floor to be heated when the air is extracted from the air bag and the electric heater generates heat, and only the floor is heated by injecting air into the air bag and causing the electric heater to generate heat. In addition, the battery can suppress heating by the heat insulating action by the air in the airbag. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently heat both the battery 1 and the floor with a single electric heater, and to select and heat only the floor without transferring heat to the battery.

  Since the heating device of the present invention and the electric vehicle equipped with the heating device can select and heat both the battery and the floor or only the floor, it is possible to heat both the battery and the floor with one heater. it can. In addition, after the battery has warmed up, the heat to the battery is cut off by air insulation by the air bag to suppress wasteful power consumption, so that a heating device that is excellent in energy saving performance and comfortable can be provided.

Side view of heating apparatus and electric vehicle equipped with the same in Embodiment 1 of the present invention The principal part block diagram of the heating apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention The principal part block diagram of the heating apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention Planar configuration diagram of a conventional heating device and an electric vehicle equipped with the same

  A first aspect of the present invention is a heating device that is disposed between an upper surface of a battery and the floor of an electric vehicle in which a battery for supplying driving power is mounted under the floor of a rear seat, the heating device comprising: An air bag made of a material with good thermal conductivity to be attached to the battery, an electric heater attached to the surface of the air bag opposite to the battery side, an air introducing means for introducing air into the air bag, By using a heating device comprising air discharge means for extracting the air, heat is directly transferred to the floor when the air is extracted from the airbag and the electric heater generates heat. And since the air bag from which the air has escaped adheres to both sides of the bag and heat can be transferred well due to the characteristics of the material, heat is transferred to the battery as well as the floor, and as a result, both the battery and the floor are heated. You can do it. Moreover, by putting air into the airbag and causing the electric heater to generate heat, only the floor can be heated, and the battery can be cut off by the heat insulating action of the air in the airbag. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently heat both the battery and the floor with a single electric heater, and it is possible to select and heat only the floor without transferring heat to the battery, reducing wasteful power consumption and excellent energy saving performance. A heating device can be provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the heating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, an outside air temperature input unit that inputs outside air temperature information, and a control unit that controls the operation of the electric heater, the air introduction unit, and the air discharge unit are provided. When the outside air temperature information input to the outside air temperature input unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the control unit operates the air discharge unit to discharge the air in the airbag and energizes the electric heater to heat the battery. In addition, the rear seat feet are heated through the floor, so that the battery capacity is reduced due to low outside air temperature, and both the battery and the floor are heated when the passenger feels cold. Therefore, both can be heated by effectively using the electric power.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a battery temperature input unit for inputting battery temperature information, particularly in the heating device of the second aspect of the invention, and the control means operates the air introduction means after completion of warming up of the battery to the airbag. By introducing air and the above operation, heat conduction from the electric heater to the battery is suppressed, and heating of the rear seat foot through the floor is prioritized so that when the battery reaches a certain temperature, self-heating occurs. Since the temperature is maintained or rises, air is introduced into the airbag and the electric heater generates heat, so that only the floor is heated, and the battery is cut off by the heat insulation by the air in the airbag, which is useless. A heating device that suppresses power consumption and has excellent energy saving performance can be provided.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device of the second aspect of the invention, the control means operates the air introduction means to operate the air in the airbag when the outside air temperature information input to the outside air temperature input unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. In addition, the electric heater is not energized, and the operation suppresses the conduction of heat from the battery's self-heating to the floor. Since the heat is shut off by the heat insulating action of the air inside, discomfort due to overheating of the floor is suppressed and comfort is improved. Moreover, since the action | operation of the air conditioner for suppressing the heat of the boarding person can be suppressed, energy saving performance can be improved.

  The fifth aspect of the invention is particularly an electric vehicle equipped with the heating device of any one of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, so that the battery can be heated as well as the floor at a low outside temperature such as in winter. As a result, both the battery and the floor can be heated.

  Similarly, when the battery reaches a certain temperature in winter, the temperature is maintained or rises due to self-heating, so that air can be put into the airbag to heat the electric heater and heat only the floor.

  In addition, when the outside air temperature is high, such as in summer, heat transfer due to the self-heating of the battery is suppressed from being transmitted to the floor by the heat insulating action of the air in the airbag. Therefore, both the battery and the floor can be heated by effectively using the electric power.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
A heating device and an electric vehicle equipped with the heating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG. 1 is a side configuration diagram of a heating device and an electric vehicle equipped with the same in a first embodiment of the present invention. 2A, 2B, and 3 are main part configuration diagrams of the heating device.

In FIG. 1, a heating device 10 of the present invention includes an electric heater 11 having a planar PTC characteristic,
An air bag 12, an electric pump (air introduction means) 13, a solenoid valve (air discharge means) 14, and a microcomputer (control means) 15 for controlling them, the microcomputer 15 is an outside air temperature mounted on the electric vehicle 16. An outside air temperature input port (outside air temperature input portion) 15A for inputting a signal from the sensor 17 and a battery temperature input port (battery temperature input portion) 15B for inputting a signal from the battery temperature sensor 18 installed in the battery 1 are provided. I have.

  The electric heater 11 is attached to the upper surface of the airbag 12 with good thermal bonding by a method such as welding by heat fusion or adhesion by an adhesive. An electric pump 13 is connected to one end of the airbag 12 via a hollow pipe, and an electromagnetic valve 14 is connected to the other end via a hollow pipe to introduce and exhaust air into the airbag 12.

  The air bag 12 is preferably made of a material having good thermal conductivity. For example, silicon rubber (thermal conductivity λ = 0.419 W / mK) or urethane rubber (λ = 0.209 W / mK) is natural rubber. (Λ = 0.06 W / mK) is more preferable. Further, a graphite sheet (λ = 200 to 600 W / mK) may be used as a material for the airbag.

  However, since the thermal conductivity of air without flow is about 0.03 W / mK, the airbag 12 using a material having a thermal conductivity higher than that can be expected to have good heat conduction.

The heating device 10 configured as described above is installed under the floor 19 at the foot of the rear seat of the electric vehicle 16 so that the electric heater 11 is in good thermal connection with the floor 19, for example, via thermal grease.

  Moreover, in Fig.2 (a), the air of the airbag 12 has shown the state extracted. The heating device 10 is installed under the floor 19 at the foot of the rear seat, with the electric heater 11 facing upward, with good thermal coupling with the floor 19. Further, a floor carpet 20 is laid on the inner side of the floor 19, and a foot 21 of a person who has boarded the rear seat of the electric vehicle 16 is placed thereon.

  About the heating apparatus comprised as mentioned above and the electric vehicle 16 carrying it, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  First, the operation when the outside air temperature is low such as early morning in winter will be described with reference to FIG. When the main power supply of the electric vehicle 16 is turned on, the heating device 10 of the present invention receives a signal from the outside air temperature sensor 17 at the outside air temperature input port 15A, and the microcomputer 15 is below a predetermined threshold (0 ° C. in this example). It is determined whether or not. When the value is equal to or lower than the threshold value, the electromagnetic valve 14 is opened, the air in the airbag 12 is extracted, and the electric heater 11 is energized at the same time.

  Then, the heat of the electric heater 11 is directly transmitted to the floor 19 and warms the human foot 21 through the floor carpet 20. On the other hand, the heat of the electric heater 11 is transmitted through the air bag 12 that is in close contact with the air removed, and warms the battery 1. Since the floor 19 of the electric vehicle is usually made of steel, it has good thermal conductivity, and the airbag 12 is also made of a material with good thermal conductivity, so both can be efficiently heated by the single electric heater 11. Further, it is possible to provide a comfortable heating device that prevents a decrease in cruising distance due to a decrease in battery capacity. Note that the predetermined threshold value of the microcomputer 15 is not limited to 0 ° C., and the energization / non-energization of the electric heater 11 may be switched using, for example, the average maximum temperature in spring and autumn (about 20 ° C.) as a threshold value. .

  Next, an operation when the electric vehicle 16 is continuously operated to some extent and the warming of the battery 1 is finished will be described with reference to FIG. When the battery 1 is used after traveling to some extent, the temperature rises due to self-heating, and thus heating by the electric heater 11 is not necessary. When the temperature of the battery 1 is always input from the battery temperature sensor 18 to the battery temperature input port 15B of the microcomputer 15 and the temperature of the battery 1 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold (for example, 20 ° C.), the microcomputer 15 The electric pump 13 (air introduction means) is operated to introduce air into the airbag 12. At this time, the solenoid valve 14 is closed so that the air in the airbag 12 does not leak out. At this time, if the outside air temperature is low, the electric heater 11 is continuously energized to continue heating.

  Then, the battery 1 is cut off from the heating by the electric heater 11 by the heat insulating action by the air in the airbag 12 and is not heated any more, so that the battery 1 can be adjusted to a temperature suitable for operation by self-heating. On the other hand, the floor 19 can keep warming the floor 19 because heat is transmitted regardless of the operation of the airbag 12.

  Therefore, after the temperature of the battery 1 rises, the human foot 21 is intensively heated through the floor 19, and the battery 1 is useless by shutting off the heat by the adiabatic action by the air in the airbag 12. It is possible to provide a heating device 10 that suppresses power consumption, has excellent energy saving performance, and is comfortable.

  Next, an operation at a time when heating or heating is not required in seasons other than winter will be described with reference to FIG.

When the outside air temperature is high, for example, 20 ° C. or higher, the battery 1 does not need to be warmed, and the passenger does not need heating if the outside air temperature is about 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. or higher. The microcomputer 15 receiving the signal 17 does not energize the electric heater 11. Then, air is introduced into the airbag 12 by the electric pump 13.

  Then, in order to suppress the heat generated by the self-heating of the battery 1 from the floor 19 by the heat insulating action by the air in the airbag 12, a comfortable environment in which the heat is not transmitted to the passenger's feet 21 is provided. Can do.

  Moreover, since the set temperature of cooling can be raised because heat is not transmitted, it is possible to provide a heating device 10 that is excellent in energy saving performance while suppressing wasteful power consumption and that is comfortable.

  As described above, since the heating device according to the present invention can heat both the battery and the foot part or only the foot part by appropriately switching and heating with excellent energy saving performance, It can also be applied as a device that compensates for the slow start of air conditioning heating of hybrid vehicles with low waste heat and provides a comfortable heating space.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery 10 Heating device 11 Electric heater 12 Air bag 13 Electric pump (air introduction means)
14 Solenoid valve (Air discharge means)
15 Microcomputer (control means)
15A Outside temperature input port (outside temperature input part)
15B Battery temperature input port (battery temperature input part)
19 Floor (Floor seat floor)

Claims (5)

An electric vehicle in which a battery for supplying driving power is mounted under the floor of a rear seat, and disposed between the upper surface of the battery and the floor,
The heating device is
An airbag made of a material with good thermal conductivity to be attached to the battery;
An electric heater mounted on a surface of the airbag opposite to the battery side;
Air introducing means for introducing air into the airbag;
Comprising air exhaust means for extracting air from the air bag,
Heating device. An outside temperature input unit for inputting outside temperature information,
Control means for controlling the operation of the electric heater, the air introduction means and the air discharge means,
When the outside air temperature information input to the outside air temperature input unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, the control means operates the air discharge means to discharge the air in the airbag and performs an energization operation to the electric heater. And
The operation heats the battery and heats the rear seat foot through the floor.
The heating apparatus according to claim 1. It has a battery temperature input part to input battery temperature information,
The control means operates the air introducing means after the warming of the battery is completed to introduce air into the airbag,
By the operation, heat conduction from the electric heater to the battery is suppressed, and heating of the rear seat foot through the floor is prioritized.
The heating apparatus according to claim 2. When the outside air temperature information input to the outside air temperature input unit is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the control unit operates the air introduction unit to introduce air into the airbag, and the energization operation of the electric heater is Not
By the operation, heat generated by self-heating of the battery is prevented from being conducted to the floor.
The heating apparatus according to claim 2. The electric vehicle carrying the heating apparatus of any one of Claims 1-4.

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