JP2011048399A - Process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process cartridge with a development separation structure where reduction in size is achieved and an engaging part of a shaft coupling part of the process cartridge is smoothly engaged with a development drive coupling of an image forming apparatus body. <P>SOLUTION: An engaging part of a shaft coupling part can be moved to a position that shifts from a shaft line of a developing roller in an intersectional direction of the shaft line of developing roller when mounting a process cartridge on an apparatus body while development is separated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a process cartridge and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using the same.

  Here, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus forms an image on a recording medium using an electrophotographic image forming system. Examples of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus include an electrophotographic copying machine, an electrophotographic printer (for example, a laser beam printer, an LED printer, etc.), a facsimile apparatus, a word processor, and the like.

  The process cartridge refers to a cartridge in which at least the developing means and the electrophotographic photosensitive drum are integrated into a cartridge that can be attached to and detached from the main body of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic image forming process, an electrophotographic photosensitive drum and process means acting on the electrophotographic photosensitive drum are integrally formed into a cartridge. A process cartridge system is employed in which the cartridge can be attached to and detached from the main body of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus. According to this process cartridge system, the maintenance of the apparatus can be performed by the user himself / herself without depending on the service person, so that the operability can be remarkably improved. Therefore, this process cartridge system is widely used in electrophotographic image forming apparatuses.

  In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, light corresponding to image information such as a laser, an LED, or a lamp is irradiated to an electrophotographic photosensitive drum (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum). As a result, an electrostatic image is formed on the photosensitive drum. The electrostatic image is developed by a developing device. Further, the developed image formed on the photosensitive drum is transferred to a recording medium. Thereby, an image is formed on the recording medium.

  Patent Document 1 describes an inline-type color electrophotographic image forming apparatus in which a plurality of process cartridges are arranged in a line. Here, in the process cartridge 40, a drum unit 41 having a photosensitive drum 44 and a developing unit 42 having a developing roller 68 are rotatably coupled by a swing center 43. The photosensitive drum 44 is provided with a cartridge coupling 60 at the end of the photosensitive drum 44 in the axial direction. When the process cartridge 40 is mounted on the apparatus main body, the cartridge coupling 60 engages with the main body coupling 61 provided on the apparatus main body, and the driving force is transmitted. Further, a driving force is transmitted to the developing roller 68 via an idler gears 65 and 66 from an input gear 64 as a developing driving force transmitting member provided at the swing center 43 of the developing unit 42. Here, when the process cartridge 40 is mounted on the apparatus main body, the input gear 64 is engaged with a gear 67 provided on the apparatus main body and receives a driving force. That is, drive transmission from the apparatus main body to the photosensitive drum 44 and the developing roller 68 is performed independently.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-255806 (page 9-11, FIGS. 7-14)

  However, further downsizing of process cartridges and electrophotographic image forming apparatuses and improvement of image quality have been demanded in recent years. In the conventional example, the input gear is provided at the center of swinging in which the position does not change even when the developing unit swings. Therefore, the developing roller transmits the driving force from the input gear via the adder gear, and it is necessary to provide a space for this in the process cartridge. Further, the rotation accuracy of the developing roller is affected by the meshing of the input gear, idler gear, and main body gear.

  The present invention is a further development of the above-described prior art.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a process cartridge having a structure in which a driving rotational force is directly input to a developing roller from an apparatus main body via a shaft coupling member independently of a driving input to a photosensitive drum, and the process cartridge is attached and detached. A possible electrophotographic image forming apparatus is miniaturized.

  Further, when the process cartridge is mounted in a state where the photosensitive drum and the developing roller are separated from each other, the engagement portion of the shaft coupling member and the drive member are smoothly engaged, thereby improving the mounting performance of the process cartridge. It is a thing.

  Another object of the present invention is to improve the rotation accuracy of the developing roller and improve the image quality.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a typical configuration of a process cartridge according to the present invention is a process cartridge that can be attached to and detached from an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a driving member, and includes a photosensitive drum and the photosensitive drum. A developing roller that develops the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum so that a developing position in contact with the photosensitive drum and a standby position apart from the photosensitive drum can be taken. A developing roller that is movable in a direction intersecting with the axis of the developing roller, and a cup that is provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller and that can receive a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the driving member A ring member that allows the developing roller to move from the developing position to the standby position while maintaining engagement with the driving member; When the coupling member having a portion and the developing roller are separated from the photosensitive drum, the engaging portion engages with the drive member in accordance with the operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body. And an urging portion that urges the engaging portion in a direction intersecting with the axis of the developing roller.

  In addition, a typical configuration of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes: (a) a process that can be attached to and detached from an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a driving member in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus that forms an image on a recording medium. A developing roller that develops the photosensitive drum and an electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum, the developing position in contact with the photosensitive drum; A developing roller movable in a direction intersecting the axis of the developing roller so as to be able to take a standby position separated from the photosensitive drum; and the developing roller provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller from the driving member A coupling member capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the developing roller, wherein the developing roller is in the developing position while maintaining engagement with the driving member. An operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body when the coupling member having an engaging portion allowing the movement to the standby position and the developing roller are separated from the photosensitive drum And a biasing portion that biases the engaging portion in a direction intersecting the axis of the developing roller so that the engaging portion can be engaged with the driving member. And (b) a conveying means for conveying the recording medium.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the process cartridge and the electrophotographic image forming apparatus can be reduced in size without providing a large guide for engagement in the engaging portion and the driving member. Further, even when the process cartridge is mounted in a state where the photosensitive drum and the developing roller are separated from each other, the engaging portion of the shaft coupling member and the drive member can be smoothly engaged to improve the mounting property.

  Further, the rotation accuracy of the developing roller can be improved, and the image quality can be improved.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a color electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention in a first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a process cartridge according to the first embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view of the process cartridge in 1st Embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a developing unit in the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of mounting the process cartridge according to the first embodiment on the image forming apparatus main body. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the process cartridge according to the first embodiment positioned on the image forming apparatus main body. It is sectional drawing explaining the image development separation operation | movement in 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing explaining the image development contact operation in 1st Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the process cartridge according to the first embodiment before being mounted on the image forming apparatus main body. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a process cartridge according to the first embodiment with a developing separation member released. FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of a developing separation member of the process cartridge according to the first embodiment. It is a figure explaining the support structure of the developing roller in 1st Embodiment. It is decomposition | disassembly explanatory drawing of the shaft coupling member in 1st Embodiment. It is a section explanatory view of the shaft coupling member in a 1st embodiment. It is a perspective view of the shaft coupling member in the developing unit state in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a first main body driving member and a second main body driving member of the image forming apparatus according to the first embodiment. It is a side view explaining operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of separation operation | movement of the image development unit in 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of separation operation | movement of the image development unit in 1st Embodiment. It is a side view explaining the operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of contact operation | movement of the image development unit in 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining the operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of contact operation | movement of the image development unit in 1st Embodiment. It is a side view explaining positioning of a shaft coupling part in a 2nd embodiment. It is a perspective view explaining the shaft coupling part in a 3rd embodiment. It is a schematic diagram explaining operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of separation operation | movement of the image development unit in 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 3 is a perspective view before the process cartridge according to the first embodiment is remounted on the image forming apparatus main body. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of remounting the process cartridge according to the first embodiment to the image forming apparatus main body. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which the process cartridge according to the first embodiment is remounted on the image forming apparatus main body. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operation of mounting the process cartridge according to the first embodiment on the image forming apparatus main body. It is a schematic diagram explaining the operation | movement of the shaft coupling member at the time of separation operation | movement of the image development unit in 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view explaining the shaft coupling member in a 3rd embodiment. It is a side view explaining holding | maintenance of the shaft coupling member in 4th Embodiment. It is a side view explaining holding | maintenance of the shaft coupling member in 4th Embodiment. It is a side view explaining holding | maintenance of the shaft coupling member in 4th Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, and relative arrangements of the components described in the following embodiments should be appropriately changed according to the configuration of the apparatus to which the present invention is applied and various conditions. Therefore, unless specifically stated otherwise, the scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto.

[First Embodiment]
Embodiments of a process cartridge and an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 20 and FIGS. FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a color electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the present embodiment.

(Overall configuration of image forming apparatus)
First, an overall configuration of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus (hereinafter referred to as an image forming apparatus) 100 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, four detachable process cartridges 7 (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) are mounted by mounting members (not shown). In FIG. 1, the process cartridge 7 is provided in the apparatus main body 100A so as to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction.

  Each process cartridge 7 includes an electrophotographic photosensitive drum (hereinafter referred to as a photosensitive drum) 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) and a charging roller 2 (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) around the photosensitive drum 1. ), Developing roller 25 (25a, 25b, 25c, 25d), and process means such as cleaning member 6 (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d) are integrally disposed. The charging roller 2 uniformly charges the surface of the photosensitive drum 1, and the developing roller 25 develops the latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 with toner to make a visible image. The cleaning member 6 removes the toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 1 after the developer image formed on the photosensitive drum 1 is transferred to a recording medium.

  A scanner unit 3 is provided below the process cartridge 7 for selectively exposing the photosensitive drum 1 based on image information and forming a latent image on the photosensitive drum 1.

  A cassette 17 containing a recording medium S is mounted at the lower part of the apparatus main body 100A. A recording medium conveying means is provided so that the recording medium S passes through the secondary transfer roller 70 and the fixing unit 74 and is conveyed above the apparatus main body 100A. That is, the feeding roller 54 for separating and feeding the recording medium S in the cassette 17 one by one, the conveying roller pair 76 for feeding the fed recording medium S, and the latent image and the recording medium formed on the photosensitive drum 1. A registration roller pair 55 for synchronizing with S is provided. Further, an intermediate transfer unit serving as an intermediate transfer unit for transferring a toner image formed on each photosensitive drum 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) above the process cartridge 7 (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d). A unit 5 is provided. The intermediate transfer unit 5 includes a driving roller 56, a driven roller 57, a primary transfer roller 58 (58a, 58b, 58c, 58d) at a position facing the photosensitive drum 1 of each color, and a position facing the secondary transfer roller 70. The transfer belt 9 is stretched over a counter roller 59. The transfer belt 9 circulates and moves so as to face and be in contact with all the photosensitive drums 1 and applies a voltage to the primary transfer rollers 58 (58a, 58b, 58c, 58d), whereby the photosensitive drum 1 To primary transfer onto the transfer belt 9. Then, the toner on the transfer belt 9 is transferred to the recording medium S by applying a voltage to the opposing 59 roller and the secondary transfer roller 70 disposed in the transfer belt 9.

  When forming an image, each photosensitive drum 1 is rotated, and the photosensitive drum 1 uniformly charged by the charging roller 2 is selectively exposed from the scanner unit 3. Thereby, an electrostatic image is formed on the photosensitive drum 1. The latent image is developed by the developing roller 25. Thus, each color developer image is formed on each photoconductive drum 1. In synchronization with this image formation, the registration roller pair 55 conveys the recording medium S to the secondary transfer position where the opposing roller 59 and the secondary transfer roller 70 are in contact with each other with the transfer belt 9 interposed therebetween. Then, each color developer image on the transfer belt is secondarily transferred to the recording medium S by applying a transfer bias voltage to the secondary transfer roller 70. As a result, a color image is formed on the recording medium S. The recording medium S on which the color image is formed is heated and pressurized by the fixing unit 74 to fix the developer image. Thereafter, the recording medium S is discharged to the discharge unit 75 by the discharge roller 72. The fixing unit 74 is disposed on the upper part of the apparatus main body 100A.

(Process cartridge)
Next, the process cartridge 7 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a main cross section of the process cartridge 7 containing a developer (hereinafter referred to as toner). The cartridge 7a containing yellow toner, the cartridge 7b containing magenta toner, the cartridge 7c containing cyan toner, and the cartridge 7d containing black toner have the same configuration.

  The process cartridge 7 (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d) includes a drum unit 26 (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d) as a first frame and a developing unit 4 (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) as a second frame. And). The drum unit 26 includes a photosensitive drum 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d), a charging roller 2 (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), and a cleaning member 6 (6a, 6b, 6c, 6d). The developing unit 4 includes a developing roller 25.

  The photosensitive drum 1 is rotatably attached to the cleaning frame 27 of the drum unit 26 via a drum front bearing 10 and a drum back bearing 11 (see FIG. 3). A drum coupling 16 and a flange 85 are provided at the end of the photosensitive drum 1.

  As described above, the charging roller 2 and the cleaning member 6 are disposed on the circumference of the photosensitive drum 1. Further, the residual toner removed from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 by the cleaning member 6 falls into the removed toner chamber 27a. Then, by transmitting a driving force of a main body driving motor (not shown) as a driving source to the drum unit 26, the photosensitive drum 1 is rotationally driven according to an image forming operation. The charging roller 2 is rotatably attached to the cleaning frame 27 via the charging roller bearing 28, and is pressed toward the photosensitive drum 1 by the charging roller pressing member 46, and is driven to rotate by the photosensitive drum 1. To do.

  The developing unit 4 includes a developing roller 25 that contacts the photosensitive drum 1 and rotates in the direction of arrow B, and a developing frame 31 that supports the developing roller 25 and forms a developer container that stores the developer. The The developing roller 25 is rotatably supported by the developing frame 31 via a pre-development bearing 12 and a developing rear bearing 13 that are respectively attached to both sides of the developing frame 31 (see FIG. 4). A toner supply roller 34 that rotates in the direction of arrow C in contact with the developing roller 25 and a developing blade 35 for regulating the toner layer on the developing roller 25 are disposed on the circumference of the developing roller 25. Further, the toner accommodating portion 31 a of the developing frame 31 is provided with a toner conveying member 36 for agitating the accommodated toner and conveying the toner to the toner supply roller 34.

  FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of the process cartridge 7. The developing unit 4 is rotatably attached to the drum unit 26. The front support pins 14 and the back support pins 15 that are press-fitted into the cleaning frame 27 are engaged with the suspension holes 12 a and 13 a of the pre-development bearing 12 and the development back bearing 13. As a result, the developing unit 4 is supported by the cleaning frame 27 so as to be rotatable about the support pins 14 and 15 (see FIG. 2). The cleaning frame 27 is provided with a drum front bearing 10 and a drum back bearing 11 that rotatably support the photosensitive drum 1. The drum back bearing 11 supports a drum coupling 16 coupled to the photosensitive drum 1. The drum front bearing 10 supports a flange 85. Here, the drum coupling 16 is a drum coupling member for transmitting a driving rotational force (first driving rotational force) from the apparatus main body 100 </ b> A to the photosensitive drum 1.

  Further, the developing unit 4 shown in FIG. 4 is attached to the drum unit 26 by the pressure spring 38 provided on the developing frame 31 and the tension spring 39 provided on the pre-development bearing 12 when the process cartridge 7 forms an image. It is the composition which is energized. By these pressure spring 38 and tension spring 39, the holes 12 a and 13 a of the pre-development bearing 12 and the development rear bearing 13 become the center of rotation, and a pressure is applied for the development roller 25 to contact the photosensitive drum 1.

  In the contact development method in which development is performed with the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25 in contact with each other, it is preferable that the photosensitive drum 1 is a rigid body and the developing roller 25 is a roller having an elastic body. As this elastic body, a solid rubber single layer or a solid rubber layer coated with a resin coating in consideration of charge imparting property to toner is used.

  Next, a series of operations relating to image formation of the process cartridge 7 will be described (see FIGS. 1 and 2). When the image information is sent to the image forming apparatus 100, a main body drive motor (not shown) starts rotating, and the driving rotational force is transmitted to the photosensitive drum 1, the developing roller 25, the toner supply roller 34, and the toner conveying member 36. The A charging bias voltage is applied to the charging roller 2 from the apparatus main body 100A, and the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is uniformly charged. Then, according to the image information, exposure is performed from the scanner unit 3 to form a latent image on the photosensitive drum 1.

  The toner in the toner container 31 a is sent to the toner supply roller 34 by the rotation of the toner transport member 36. Then, the toner supply roller 34 rotates to supply toner to the outer periphery of the rotating developing roller 25. The supplied toner is frictionally charged on the outer periphery of the developing roller 25 by the developing blade 35. A developing bias voltage is applied to the developing roller 25 from a power supply unit (not shown) provided in the image forming apparatus 100. As a result, the electrostatic image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 1 is developed. The developing roller 25 is disposed to face the photosensitive drum 1. The developing roller 25 is configured to contact the photosensitive drum 1 and develop the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum 1.

(Mechanism for mounting the process cartridge to the image forming apparatus main body)
Next, a mounting mechanism for mounting the process cartridge 7 embodying the present invention into the apparatus main body 100A will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating a state before the process cartridge 7 is mounted in the apparatus main body 100A. In FIG. 5A, the process cartridge 7 is mounted in the direction of arrow E from an opening 82a provided in the front plate 82 of the apparatus main body 100A. At that time, the guide portion 27b provided integrally with the cleaning frame 27 of the process cartridge 7 is mounted while being guided while being placed on the main body guide member 81 provided on the apparatus main body 100A. The main body guide member 81 is a mounting member for detachably mounting the process cartridge 7.

  FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a state in which the process cartridge 7 is in the process of being completely attached to the apparatus main body 100A. The guide member 81 provided in the apparatus main body 100A is provided with an inclined portion 81a inclined upward on the downstream side in the mounting direction. Further, the cleaning frame 27 is provided with an inclined portion 27c inclined downward at the upstream end portion in the mounting direction. When the process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A, the guide portion 27b of the cleaning frame 27 rides on the inclined portion 81a, and the inclined portion 27c rides on the main body guide portion 81. As a result, the process cartridge 7 moves in a direction approaching the intermediate transfer unit 5 (upward).

  FIG. 5C is a diagram illustrating a state where the process cartridge is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A. When the process cartridge 7 continues to be mounted in a state where the process cartridge 7 is moved closer to the intermediate transfer unit 5, the abutting portion 27d provided integrally with the cleaning frame 27 abuts against the rear plate 83 of the apparatus main body 100A. Touch. Thereby, the mounting of the process cartridge 7 to the image forming apparatus 100 is completed.

  In this state, the pressed portion 11 a of the drum back bearing 11 comes into contact with the back pressing member 91 provided on the back side plate 83 and is pushed upward by the pressure spring 92. Then, the cartridge positioning portion 11b provided at the upper portion of the drum back bearing 11 abuts against the abutting portion 83a which is the main body positioning portion of the back side plate 83, and the position of the process cartridge 7 with respect to the apparatus main body 100A on the back side is determined.

  Further, the pulled portion 10 a of the drum front bearing 10 is engaged with a pulling member 93 provided on the front side plate 82. The tension member 93 is lifted upward by the tension spring 94 provided on the front side plate 82, and the pulled portion 10 a is also lifted upward. Then, the abutting portion 10b which is a cartridge positioning portion of the drum front bearing 10 abuts on the positioning portion 82b which is the main body positioning portion of the main body front side plate 82 and is positioned with respect to the apparatus main body 100A on the front side of the process cartridge 7. .

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the abutting portion 83 a is substantially V-shaped and is configured to abut on the positioning surface 11 b of the drum back bearing 11. The drum front bearing 10 is configured such that a pulling member 93 provided on the front side plate 82 engages with a pulled portion 10a of the drum front bearing 10 and is pulled in the direction of arrow P. As for the positioning, the drum rear bearing 11 is in contact with a substantially V-shaped drum positioning portion 82 b provided on the front plate 82. A pressing force necessary for positioning the drum front bearing 10 and the drum back bearing 11 from the apparatus main body 100A is applied in the directions of arrows P and R. Therefore, the drum front bearing 10 and the drum back bearing 11 that rotatably support the photosensitive drum 1 that positions the process cartridge 7 can be accurately positioned with respect to the apparatus main body 100A. Further, the cleaning frame 27 is provided with a boss 27g for preventing rotation of the process cartridge 7 on the side surface, and the boss 27g is fitted to a rotation stopper receiving member 51 provided on the apparatus main body 100A. Then, the process cartridge 7 is prevented from rotating in the apparatus main body 100A.

  In FIG. 6, the drive side engaging portion 23 is omitted for easy understanding of the above description.

(Separation mechanism between photosensitive drum and developing roller in process cartridge)
Next, a mechanism for separating the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25 in the process cartridge 7 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 7, a separation member 8 is arranged at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction of the process cartridge 7 in the image forming apparatus 100 (not shown). The developing unit 4 of the process cartridge 7 receives a force from the separating member 8 in which the force receiving portion 31b of the developing frame 31 moves in the direction of arrow N, and a separating position (standby position) that separates the developing roller 25 from the photosensitive drum 1. Moved to. As shown in FIG. 8, when the separating member 8 moves in the direction of the arrow S and moves away from the force receiving portion 31, the developing unit 4 is moved by the biasing force of the pressure spring (biasing member) 38 and the tension spring (not shown). It rotates in the direction of arrow T around the holes 12a and 13a of the pre-development bearing 12 and the development back bearing 13. Then, the development unit 4 moves to the contact position (development position), and the development roller 25 and the photosensitive drum 1 come into contact with each other. With this separation structure, the developing unit 4 is held at the separation position in FIG. 7 except during image formation. Thereby, an effect of suppressing the influence on the image quality due to the deformation of the developing roller 4 is obtained.

(Development spacing member)
FIG. 9 shows an initial state before the process cartridge 7 is mounted (entered) into the apparatus main body 100A. In this state, the development unit 4 is provided with a separation holding member (lock member) 64 for holding the development unit 4 in the separation position in the state of the process cartridge 7 alone. The separation holding member 64 is engaged with a hole 27 e provided in the side surface of the cleaning frame 27 to hold (lock) the developing roller 25 in a state of being separated from the photosensitive drum 1. The position of the separation holding member 64 at this time is defined as an engagement position.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the apparatus main body 100 </ b> A is provided with a main body release member 65 that comes into contact with the separation holding member 64 when the process cartridge 7 is attached to the apparatus main body 100 </ b> A. Then, the main body release member 65 abuts on the separation holding member 64 immediately before the process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A and positioned on the main body positioning portions 82b and 83a (see FIG. 6). 27e is disengaged from 27e. The position of the separation holding member 64 at this time is set as a release position. Further, when the separation holding member 64 is released, the developing roller 25 can come into contact with the photosensitive drum 1. However, in a state where the normal process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A, the separation member 8 provided on the apparatus main body 100A is disposed at a position (see FIG. 7) that contacts the force receiving portion 31b of the developing device frame 31. Yes. Therefore, even if the process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A and the separation holding member 64 is released, the developing roller 25 does not come into contact with the photosensitive drum 1. (See FIG. 7).

  A method for releasing the spacing member 64 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 11A, a boss 64 a provided on the separation holding member 64 is provided. The boss 64 a is rotatably supported by a groove 31 c provided in the developing device frame 31 and is pressed by a pressing portion 48 b of the side cover 48. Further, the engaging portion 64 b of the separation holding member 64 is engaged with a hole 27 e provided in the cleaning frame body 27. When the process cartridge 7 is moved in the arrow E direction in this state, the main body release member 65 is inserted into the hole 27e of the cleaning frame 27 as shown in FIG. The main body release member 65 abuts on the separation holding member 64, and the separation holding member 64 rotates about the boss 64a, thereby releasing the separation holding member 64 from the cleaning frame 27.

  As shown in FIG. 11C, the developing frame 31 can move in the direction of the arrow L so that the photosensitive drum 1 (not shown) and the developing roller 25 can come into contact with each other.

  When the image forming operation is started by the print signal after the mounting operation is completed, the separating member 8 (see FIG. 8) moves in the arrow S direction in accordance with the developing operation timing, and the force receiving portion 31b and the separating member 8 are moved. Are separated. Accordingly, the developing unit 4 is moved to the contact position by the elastic force of the pressure spring 38 and the tension spring 39 (see FIG. 4), and the developing roller 25 comes into contact with the photosensitive drum 1 and is ready for development.

  When the development is completed, the separation member 8 moves again in the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 7 and applies force to the force receiving portion 31b to move the development unit 4 to the separation position, thereby separating the photosensitive drum 1 and the development roller 25 from each other. Let It is held in this state except during image formation.

  As described above, the developing unit 4 can easily select two states of separation and contact between the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25. Accordingly, the elastic layer can be prevented from being deformed even when the material of the elastic layer of the developing roller 25 is not strictly selected.

(Separation mechanism when re-installing the process cartridge)
Next, a separation mechanism when the process cartridge 7 once taken out from the apparatus main body 100A is mounted again on the apparatus main body 100A will be described. In the process cartridge 7 taken out from the apparatus main body 100 </ b> A, the separation holding member 64 is released from the hole 27 e of the cleaning frame body 27. Therefore, the developing unit 4 is in the contact position, and the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25 are in contact with each other (see FIG. 26A). Further, when the process cartridge 7 is removed from the apparatus main body 100A, the image forming operation of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus 100 is completed. Accordingly, the separation member 8 is in a position where it abuts on the separation force receiving portion 31b in order to place the developing unit 4 in the separation position as shown in FIG. When the separation member 8 is in this state and the process cartridge 7 is removed from the apparatus main body 100A, the developing unit 4 returns to the contact position as shown in FIGS. 26 (a) and 27 (a). When the removed process cartridge 7 is remounted, it is necessary to move the developing unit 4 to the separation position again.

  The configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 24, 25, and 27, the apparatus main body 100A is provided with a mounting opening 87 for mounting the process cartridge 7. The apparatus main body 100A is provided with a separation guide portion 84 that comes into contact with the separation force receiving portion 31b provided in the developing unit 4 of the process cartridge 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 26A and 27A, before the process cartridge 7 enters the apparatus main body 100A, the developing unit 4 is in the contact position, and the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25 are in contact with each other. . When the process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A as shown in FIG. 26B, first, the guide portion 27b provided integrally with the cleaning frame 27 is mounted on the main body guide member 81 provided on the apparatus main body 100A. Is done. Then, the separation force receiving portion 31 b provided on the developing device frame 31 abuts on the chamfered portion 84 a that is an obliquely inclined surface of the separation guide portion 84. When the process cartridge 7 is further advanced, the developing unit 4 rotates in the arrow J direction with the back support pin 15 as the rotation center, as shown in FIGS. 26 (c) and 27 (b). Then, the developing unit 4 moves to the separation position indicated by the arrow K, and the developing roller 25 is separated from the photosensitive drum 1. When the process cartridge 7 is positioned on the main body of the image forming apparatus 100, as shown in FIG. 10, the separation force receiving portion 31b is in contact with the separation member 8 arranged on the downstream side in the mounting direction of the separation guide portion 84. become. At that time, the developing unit 4 is in the separated position, and the developing roller 25 can be mounted on the main body of the image forming apparatus 100 while maintaining the separated state from the photosensitive drum 1. In this case, the force receiving escape portion 31 d provided on the upstream side of the force receiving portion 31 b in the mounting direction of the process cartridge 7 has a shape that does not interfere with the mounting guide portion 84. This is to allow the developing unit 4 to move to the contact position without interfering with the separation guide portion 84.

(Configuration of developing roller support and developing driving force input section in process cartridge)
Next, the structure of the developing driving force input unit and the supporting structure of the developing roller 25 in the process cartridge 7 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a view showing one end side (back side) in the longitudinal direction of the support portion of the developing roller 25. In FIG. 12, the developing roller shaft 25 j of the developing roller 25 is rotatably fitted to the inner periphery of the developing back bearing 13. A regulating roller 47 for regulating the contact amount of the developing roller 25 to the photosensitive drum 1 is rotatably fitted to the developing roller shaft 25j between the rubber roller portion 25g of the developing roller 25 and the developing back bearing 13. Is provided. Here, the support structure on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the developing roller 25 has been described. Similarly, the bearing portion is integrally provided on the bearing member on the other end side in the longitudinal direction, and the other end side of the developing roller shaft 25j can be rotated. Is fitted.

  In this embodiment, the Oldham coupling 20 which is a shaft coupling member is used for the developing driving force input portion. And the structure of the Oldham coupling 20 is demonstrated using FIG.13 and FIG.14. Here, in order to explain the configuration of the Oldham coupling 20, the developing rear bearing 13 is not shown.

  In FIG. 13, Oldham coupling 20 includes a driven side engaging portion (fixed side engaging portion) 21, an intermediate engaging portion 22, and a driving side engaging portion 23.

  Here, the driven side engaging portion 21 is fixedly attached to the end portion of the developing roller shaft 25j. As a fixing method, a coupling method using a spring pin or a parallel pin, or as shown in FIG. 13, a cut portion 25c is provided on the end surface of the developing roller shaft 25j, and the hole on the driven engagement portion 21 side is the same. There is a method of fitting in a shape. The shaft portion 23 b of the drive side engaging portion 23 is rotatably held in the hole 19 a of the engaging portion bearing member 19. Further, the driving side engaging portion 23 is integrally provided with protrusions 23c1 to 23c4 that engage with a main body developing coupling 53 (see FIG. 16) which is a second main body driving transmission member (driving member) of the apparatus main body 100A described later. Is formed. The Oldham coupling 20 transmits a driving rotational force (second driving rotational force) from the apparatus main body 100 </ b> A to the developing roller 25 while allowing a deviation between the axial line of the main body developing coupling 53 and the axial line of the developing roller 25. . The Oldham coupling 20 can transmit the driving rotational force (second driving rotational force) from the apparatus main body 100A to the developing roller 25 in a state where the developing unit 4 is located at the contact position and the separation position. .

  In FIG. 14, the configuration of the Oldham coupling 20 will be described in more detail using a cross-sectional view. 14A is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the direction of arrow H in FIG. 13, and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken perpendicular to the direction of arrow I in FIG.

  In FIG. 14A, the driven side engaging portion 21 is integrally provided with a rib 21a. The intermediate engagement portion 22 is provided with a groove 22a, and the rib 21a and the groove 22a are engaged so as to be movable in the direction of arrow H in FIG.

  In FIG. 14B, the drive side engaging portion 23 is integrally provided with a rib 23a. The intermediate engagement portion 22 is provided with a groove 22b, and the rib 23a and the groove 22b are engaged so as to be movable in the direction of arrow I in FIG.

  FIG. 15 is a view showing the configuration of the coupling provided in the process cartridge 7. Protrusions 23 c 1 to 23 c 3 projecting in the axial direction are formed on the end face of the driving side engaging portion 23 of the Oldham coupling 20 provided in the developing unit 4. A centering boss 23c4 for aligning the axis (rotation center) with the main body development coupling 53 protrudes from the end face of the drive side engaging portion 23 in the axial direction. A triangular prism drum coupling 16 is provided on one end side in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 1. The guide portion 19b of the engaging portion bearing member 19 is guided by a groove 48a of the side cover 48 fixed to the developing unit 4 with screws (not shown) so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the developing roller 25. . That is, the drive side engaging portion 23 can move in a direction intersecting the developing unit 4.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a coupling provided in the apparatus main body 100A. In FIG. 16, a drum drive coupling 66 that is a first main body drive transmission member (drive member) for transmitting the drive of the apparatus main body 100A to the photosensitive drum 1 is provided with a hole 66a having a substantially triangular cross section. . Holes 53a to 53c are provided in the main body development coupling 53, which is a second main body drive transmission member for transmitting the driving rotational force (second driving rotational force) from the apparatus main body 100A to the developing roller 25. The drum drive coupling 66 is urged toward the process cartridge 7 by a pressing member 77 such as a compression spring. The drum drive coupling 66 is movable in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum. Further, when the drum cartridge 16 and the hole 66a of the drum drive coupling 66 are in contact with each other when the process cartridge 7 is mounted on the apparatus main body 100A, the drum drive coupling 66 is pushed by the drum coupling 16. fall back. Then, when the drum driving coupling 66 rotates, the drum coupling 16 and the hole 66a are engaged with each other, and the driving rotational force is transmitted to the photosensitive drum 1.

  The main body development coupling 53 is urged in a direction toward the process cartridge 7 by a pressing member 73 such as a compression spring in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 1. However, the main body developing coupling 53 is provided in the apparatus main body 100A without any play in the direction intersecting the axial direction. That is, the main body development coupling 53 is movable only in the axial direction except that it rotates for driving transmission.

  When the process cartridge 7 enters the apparatus main body 100A and the drive side engaging portion 23 and the main body developing coupling 53 engage with each other, the projections 23c1 to 23c3 and the holes 53a to 53c may not be in phase. In this case, the tips of the protrusions 23c1 to 23c3 come into contact with places other than the holes 53a to 53c, and the main body development coupling 53 moves backward in the axial direction against the urging force of the pressing member 73. However, when the main body development coupling 53 rotates and the projections 23c1 to 23c3 and the holes 53a to 53c are in phase, the main body development coupling 53 advances by the urging force of the pressing member 73. Then, the projections 23c1 to 23c3 and the holes 53a to 53c are engaged, and the centering boss 23c4 that is the engaging portion positioning portion and the centering hole 53e that is the transmission member positioning portion are also fitted, The axis (rotation center) of the main body development coupling 53 coincides. Then, when the main body developing coupling 53 is rotated, the protrusions 23 c 1 to 23 c 3 and the holes 53 a to 53 c are engaged with each other, and the driving rotational force is transmitted to the developing roller 25.

  Here, drive transmission to the drum drive coupling 66 and the main body development coupling 53 is performed by a motor provided in the apparatus main body 100A. There are a configuration in which one motor is used for each color process cartridge, and a configuration in which the drive is transmitted to several color process cartridges by one motor.

(Oldham coupling operation during development separation / contact operation in process cartridge)
Next, the operation of the Oldham coupling 20 during the development / separation operation in the process cartridge embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 17 is a side view showing a state where the developing unit 4 is located at the separated position, and FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the developing unit 4 is located at the separated position.

  In a state where the developing unit 4 is located at the separated position by the separation holding member 64 or the separation guide portion 84, the developing roller 25 (broken line portion) and the photosensitive drum 1 (broken line portion) are separated as shown in FIG. It is in a state. However, an arm portion 18a of a biasing member (biasing portion) 18 that is a torsion coil spring provided in the side cover 48 abuts on a locking portion 19c (see FIG. 17) of the engaging portion bearing member 19. As a result, the driving side engaging portion 23 is biased in a direction intersecting with the axial direction of the developing roller 25 (in the direction of arrow Q in FIG. 18). The contact portion 19d of the engagement portion bearing member 19 contacts the contact portion 11c, which is a holding portion (butting portion) provided in the drum back bearing (bearing portion) 11, and the position of the engagement portion bearing member 19 is reached. Is decided. That is, the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned at a certain position. Here, the contact portion 11c of the drum back bearing 11 is formed by two surfaces parallel to the axis of the V-shaped photosensitive drum 1. The engaging portion bearing member 19 can be held in parallel with the axis of the photosensitive drum 1 by abutting the engaging portion bearing member 19 on the abutting portion 11c. The drum back bearing 11 is integrally provided with a positioning portion 11b. Therefore, the driving side engaging portion 23 rotatably supported by the engaging portion bearing member 19 is accurately positioned with respect to the rear plate 83 of the apparatus main body 100A where the positioning portion 11b is positioned. Therefore, the positioning can be performed with respect to the axis 53d of the main body development coupling 53 provided in the apparatus main body 100A with high accuracy. Here, the driving side engaging portion 23 of the Oldham coupling 20 is rotatably fitted to the engaging portion bearing member 19. Therefore, in this state, the axis 23c5 of the drive side engaging portion 23 of the Oldham coupling 20 is shifted from the axis 25k of the developing roller 25. The axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 is closer to the axis 53d of the main body development coupling 53 of the apparatus main body 100A than the axis 25k of the developing roller 25. That is, the position where the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned is a position where the process cartridge 7 can enter the apparatus main body 100A and can be smoothly engaged with the main body developing coupling 53. Here, the biasing member 18 is used as a biasing force for the engaging portion bearing member 19. However, the engaging portion bearing member 19 may be brought into contact with the contact portion 11c by providing the engaging portion bearing member 19 with an elastic portion that can be elastically deformed integrally.

  This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. When the driving side engaging portion 23 is engaged with the main body developing coupling 53 and rotated, the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned by the main body developing coupling 53 as described later. Therefore, the contact portion 19b of the engagement portion bearing member 19 is separated from the drum back bearing 11, that is, the contact portion 11c. Therefore, when the process cartridge 7 enters the apparatus main body 100A, the axis line 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 is shifted from the axis line 53d of the main body developing coupling 53 toward the photosensitive drum 1 by a certain distance d3. Engagement will begin. When the process cartridge 7 further enters from this state, the chamfer 23c6 (FIG. 15) provided in the centering boss 23c4 and the chamfer 53f (FIG. 16) provided in the hole 53e come into contact with each other. It is configured to engage while correcting misalignment.

  Further, the state of FIG. 18 is a state in which the developing unit 4 is located at the separation position. In this state, as described above, the axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 and the axis 25k of the developing roller 25 are shifted from each other. That is, the distance d1 between the axis (rotation center) 1c of the photosensitive drum 1 and the axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion is smaller than the distance d2 between the axis 1c of the photosensitive drum 1 and the axis 25k of the developing roller 25. Yes. That is, the driving side engaging portion 23 is located closer to the photosensitive drum 1 than the developing roller 25.

  Further, the intermediate engaging portion 22 is engaged with the driving side engaging portion 23 and the driven side engaging portion 21 even when the developing unit 4 is located at the developing position. Therefore, the intermediate engaging portion 22 moves while maintaining the engagement with the driving side engaging portion 23 and the driven side engaging portion 21 even when the developing unit 4 moves between the separation position and the contact position. Making it possible.

  At this time, since the driving side engaging portion 23 is accurately positioned with respect to the main body developing coupling 53 by the contact portion 11c, it is not necessary to make the chamfered portion 23c6 and the chamfered portion 53f extremely large. The drive side engaging portion 23 and the main body developing coupling 53 can be made small.

  As shown in FIG. 28, when the main body developing coupling 53 rotates and the phases of the projections 23c1 to 23c3 of the driving side engaging portion 23 and the holes 53a to 53c of the main body developing coupling 53 are matched, The hole 53e is fitted. As a result, the axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 and the axis 53d of the main body developing coupling 53 coincide. Since the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned by the main body developing coupling 53, the engaging portion bearing member 19 is separated from the drum back bearing 11. Here, the distance between the axis 1c of the photosensitive drum 1 and the axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 is separated from the photosensitive drum 1 by d3 as compared with d1 shown in FIG. However, the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned closer to the photosensitive drum 1 than the developing roller 25.

  19 and 20 are views showing a state in which the developing unit 4 is in the contact position. By operating the separation member 8 of the apparatus main body 100A, the developing unit 4 of the process cartridge 7 rotates in the direction of arrow T around the back support pin 15 that supports the developing back bearing 13 of the cleaning frame 27. Then, the developing unit 4 moves to the contact position, and the photosensitive drum 1 and the developing roller 25 come into contact as shown in FIG. Here, the driving side engaging portion 23 and the main body developing coupling 53 are engaged. Therefore, even if the developing unit 4 rotates in the direction of the arrow T, the driving side engaging portion 23 of the Oldham coupling 20 is fixed while being engaged with the main body developing coupling 53 of the apparatus main body 100A, and the direction of the arrow T Does not rotate. Further, as shown in FIG. 20, the driving side engaging portion 23 and the main body developing coupling 53 are engaged with each other with the engaging portion bearing member 19 having a gap with respect to the drum back bearing 11. The axis 25k of the developing roller 25, the axis 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23, and the axis 53d of the developing coupling 53 are substantially coincident. The distance from each drum axis 1c is also d4.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the driving torque directly from the main body developing coupling 53 rotating to the developing roller 25 via the coupling 22 rotates independently of the drum driving coupling 66 that inputs the driving torque to the photosensitive drum 1. It is configured to input. Therefore, the rotational accuracy of the photosensitive drum 1 can be suppressed from being affected by the rotation of the developing roller 25, and further, the rotational accuracy of the developing roller 25 itself can be improved and the image quality can be improved.

  Further, the driving side engaging portion 23 of the Oldham coupling 20 is positioned at a fixed position with respect to the cartridge 7 so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the axis 25 k of the developing roller 25. Accordingly, the main body developing coupling 53 and the driving side engaging portion 23 can be engaged in a space-saving manner without using a large guide guide or the like. Therefore, the process cartridge 7 and the image forming apparatus 100 can be reduced in size. In addition, the mountability of the process cartridge 7 to the apparatus main body 100A is improved.

  Further, even when the developing roller 25 is mounted apart from the photosensitive drum 1, the mounting property of the process cartridge 7 to the apparatus main body 100A is improved by positioning the driving side engaging portion 23 at a fixed position. It becomes possible to make it.

  Further, when the image is output, the Oldham coupling 20 is used even when the developing unit is separated from each other, so that a driving rotational force can be applied to the developing roller 25 even when the developing unit 4 is separated. Therefore, if the developing roller 25 is rotated before the developing roller 25 comes into contact with the photosensitive drum 1, the toner is frictionally charged by the developing blade 35, and a charge amount can be added to the toner. According to this, since the charged charge amount cannot be added, the toner is transferred from the photosensitive drum 1 to the secondary transfer roller 70 (FIG. 1) through the intermediate transfer unit 5, and the back surface of the recording medium (for example, paper) is stained. Can be prevented.

  Further, it is possible to prevent the waste toner container 71a of the intermediate transfer member cleaning 71 provided in the intermediate transfer unit 5 from accumulating earlier than the expected life and increase the frequency of replacement of the waste toner container.

  Further, by using the Oldham coupling 20, the developing roller 25 can be rotated when the developing unit 4 is moved from the separated position to the contact position. Therefore, when the photosensitive drum 1 is rotating, the developing roller 25 is rotated when the developing unit 4 is moved from the separated position to the contact position, and the impact on the photosensitive drum 1 can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, an example using the Oldham coupling 20 has been described. However, other couplings (for example, lateral cups) that have an effect of absorbing rotational fluctuations that occur when the input and output axes are displaced. A ring or the like) may be used.

[Second Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the configuration in which the engaging portion bearing member 19 is biased to the drum back bearing 10 that supports the photosensitive drum 1 has been described. However, as shown in FIG. 21, the cleaning frame 27 may be provided with an abutting portion 27 f which is a holding portion (abutting portion) with which the engaging portion bearing member 19 can abut.

  FIG. 21 is a view showing a state in which the developing unit 4 is located at a separation position. As described in the first embodiment, since the developing unit 4 is located at the separation position by the development separation member 64 or the separation guide portion 84, the development roller 25 and the photosensitive drum 1 are separated from each other as indicated by a broken line. It has become. However, the arm portion 18 a of the urging member 18, which is a torsion coil spring provided in the side cover 48, comes into contact with the locking portion 19 c of the engaging portion bearing member 19. Accordingly, the driving side engaging portion 23 is urged in a direction intersecting with the axial direction of the developing roller 25. Therefore, the contact portion 19d of the engagement portion bearing member 19 contacts the contact portion 27f provided on the cleaning frame 27, and the position of the engagement portion bearing member 19 is determined. Here, the contact portion 27 f of the cleaning frame 27 is formed by two surfaces parallel to the axis of the V-shaped photosensitive drum 1. The cleaning frame 27 is provided with a drum back bearing 11, and the drum back bearing 11 is integrally provided with a positioning portion 11 b. Therefore, the driving side engaging portion 23 rotatably supported by the engaging portion bearing member 19 can also be accurately positioned with respect to the axis 53 d of the main body developing coupling 53.

  Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Third Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the Oldham coupling is used as the shaft coupling member. However, in the process cartridge in which the developing roller diameter is small and the development separation amount needs to be large, the intermediate coupling of the shaft coupling member 20 as shown in FIG. A configuration in which a spring that is an elastic portion is used for the joint portion 22 may be used.

  In FIG. 22, the shaft coupling member 20 includes a driven side engaging portion 21, an intermediate engaging portion 22, and a driving side engaging portion 23. The intermediate engaging portion is constituted by a spring 22. The driven side engaging portion 21 is provided with a boss 21a for engaging the spring 22. Similarly, the drive side engaging portion 23 is also provided with a boss 23 a that engages with the spring 22. The spring 22 is provided with an arm portion 22a that engages with the driven side engaging portion boss 21a and an arm portion 22b that engages with the driving side engaging portion boss 23a. The shaft portion 23 b of the drive side engaging portion 23 is rotatably engaged with the hole 19 a of the engaging portion bearing member 19. The drive-side engagement portion 23 is integrally formed with protrusions 23c1 to 23c4 that engage with the main body development coupling 53 that is the second main body drive transmission member of the apparatus main body 100A. Similarly to the first embodiment, when the driving of the apparatus main body 100A is transmitted to the driving side engaging portion 23, the driving is transmitted from the boss 23a of the driving side engaging portion 23 to the arm portion 22b of the spring 22. The driving rotational force transmitted to the spring 22 is configured to be transmitted from the arm portion 22a of the spring 22 to the boss 21a of the driven engagement portion 21. As shown in FIG. 23, when the outer diameter of the developing roller 25 becomes smaller, the shaft line 23c5 of the driving side engaging portion 23 and the developing roller are used with the shaft coupling member 20 than with the Oldham coupling. In some cases, it is possible to increase the amount of deviation from the 25 axis 25k.

  In the present embodiment, the spring 22 is used as the intermediate engaging portion. However, as shown in FIG. 29, a cylindrical elastic rubber 22 that is an elastic portion may be used. The elastic rubber 22 is provided with a rib 22a that engages with the boss 23a of the driving side engaging portion 23 and the boss 21a of the driven side engaging portion 21 to transmit driving.

  Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Fourth Embodiment]
In the first embodiment, the configuration in which the engaging portion bearing member 19 is urged to the drum back bearing 10 that supports the photosensitive drum 1 by the urging spring 18 has been described. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 30, the drum back bearing 11 is provided with a hole 11 f that is a holding portion for holding the drive side engaging portion 23. The inner diameter of the hole 11 f is larger than the outer diameter of the driving side engaging portion 23. That is, the driving side engaging portion 23 is held so as to be movable in the direction intersecting the axis of the developing roller 25 with respect to the hole 11f. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 18, the drive side engaging portion 23 is positioned with respect to the axis 53 d of the main body developing coupling 53 in the direction positioned on the drum back bearing 11 via the engaging portion bearing member 19. The position was shifted. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the configuration may be such that the axis line 23c5 of the drive side engaging portion 23 may be displaced in any direction as long as it intersects the axis line of the developing roller 25. Even when the developing unit 4 moves from the contact position to the separated position, the driving side engaging portion 23 is held in the hole 11f. Therefore, the drive side engaging portion 23 can smoothly engage with the main body developing coupling 53 even when the process cartridge 7 enters the apparatus main body 100A with the process cartridge 7 positioned at the separated position. FIG. 31 shows a state when the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned by the main body developing coupling (not shown). That is, the driving side engaging portion 23 is positioned by the main body developing coupling (not shown), and thus is not in contact with the hole 11f.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 32, a hole 27 f that holds the drive side engaging portion 23 may be provided in the cleaning frame body 27.

  Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Other Embodiments]
In the embodiment described above, four process cartridges are used. However, the number used is not limited, and may be set as needed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the printer is exemplified as the image forming apparatus, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the image forming apparatus may be another image forming apparatus such as a copying machine or a facsimile machine, or another image forming apparatus such as a multi-function machine combining these functions. In the above-described embodiments, an intermediate transfer member is used, toner images of each color are sequentially transferred onto the intermediate transfer member, and the toner images carried on the intermediate transfer member are collectively transferred onto a transfer material. Although the forming apparatus is illustrated, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, an image forming apparatus that uses a recording medium carrier and sequentially superimposes and transfers the toner images of the respective colors onto the recording medium carried on the recording medium carrier. The same effect can be obtained by applying the present invention to these image forming apparatuses.

S: Recording medium 1 (1a to 1d) Photoconductor drum 2 (2a to 2d) Charging roller 2j Shaft 3 Scanner unit 4 (4a to 4d) Development unit (second frame)
5. Electrostatic intermediate transfer unit 6 (6a-6d) Cleaning member 7 (7a-7d) Process cartridge 8 (8a-8d) Separating member 10 Drum front bearing 11 ... Drum back bearing 12 ... Pre-development bearing 13 ... Development back bearing 14 ... Front shaft member 15 ... Back shaft member 16 ... Drum coupling 17 ... Cassette 18 ... Biasing spring 19 ... Biasing member 20 ... Oldham coupling (shaft coupling member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 ... Drive side engaging part 22 ... Intermediate | middle engaging part 23 ... Drive side engaging part 25 (25a-25d) ... Developing roller 25c ... Cut part 25g ... Rubber roller part 25j ... Developing roller axis 25k ... Developing roller axis line 26 (26a) 26d) ... Drum unit 27 ... Cleaning frame 27a ... Removed toner chamber 28 ... Charging roller bearing 31 ... Developing frame 34 ... Toner supply roller 35 ... Developing blade 36 ... Toner conveying member 38 ... Pressure spring 39 ... Tension spring 46 ... Charging roller pressure member 47 ... regulating roller 48 ... side cover 53 ... main body development coupling 53a to 53c ... hole 53d ... axis 66 ... drum drive coupling 66a ... hole 70 ... secondary transfer roller 71 ... intermediate transfer member cleaning unit 84 ... Separation guide part 85 ... Flange 86 ... Drum unit

Claims (28)

A process cartridge that is detachable from an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a drive member,
A photosensitive drum;
A developing roller that develops the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum, the developing position being in contact with the photosensitive drum, and a standby position spaced apart from the photosensitive drum; A developing roller movable in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller so as to be able to be taken;
A coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the driving member, and maintaining the engagement with the driving member; A coupling member having an engaging portion that allows the developing roller to move from the developing position to the standby position;
When the developing roller is in a state of being separated from the photosensitive drum, the engaging portion can be engaged with the driving member along with the operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body. An urging portion for urging the engaging portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller;
A process cartridge comprising:   2. The process cartridge according to claim 1, further comprising an abutting portion against which the engaging portion urged by the urging portion abuts.   When the developing roller is located at the standby position, the abutting portion has a distance between the axis of the photosensitive drum and the axis of the engaging portion between the axis of the photosensitive drum and the axis of the developing roller. The process cartridge according to claim 2, wherein the process cartridge is disposed so as to be shorter than the distance.   4. The process cartridge according to claim 2, wherein the abutting portion is provided in a bearing portion that rotatably supports the photosensitive drum.   5. The process cartridge according to claim 4, further comprising a positioning portion that is provided on the bearing portion and positions the photosensitive drum by contacting a main body positioning portion of the apparatus main body. An urging member that urges the developing roller so that the developing roller comes into contact with the photosensitive drum, and an urging force of the urging member that maintains the state where the developing roller is separated from the photosensitive drum. And a lock portion for locking the position of the developing roller with respect to the photosensitive drum.
The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the lock portion is configured to be unlocked in accordance with an operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body.   7. The process cartridge according to claim 6, further comprising a force receiving portion that receives, from the apparatus main body, a force for separating the developing roller from the photosensitive drum when the lock portion is unlocked.   The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the urging portion is an elastic body.   The coupling member is positioned between a fixed-side engaging portion fixed to the developing roller, and the engaging portion and the fixed-side engaging portion between the engaging portion and the fixed-side engaging portion. The process cartridge according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the process cartridge is an Oldham coupling including an intermediate engaging portion that allows movement while maintaining the engagement.   The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the photosensitive drum and the developing roller are configured to receive a driving force from the apparatus main body independently of each other.   11. The process according to claim 1, further comprising a drum coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the photosensitive drum. cartridge.   The developing roller is integrated as a developing unit together with a developer container containing developer, and the photosensitive drum is integrated as a drum unit together with a charging roller for charging the photosensitive drum and a cleaning member for cleaning the photosensitive drum. 12. The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the developing unit is coupled to the drum unit so as to be rotatable with respect to the drum unit.   The process cartridge according to claim 1, wherein the process cartridge is configured to be inserted into the apparatus main body along an axial direction of the developing roller. A process cartridge that is detachable from an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a drive member,
A photosensitive drum;
A developing roller that develops the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum, the developing position being in contact with the photosensitive drum, and a standby position spaced apart from the photosensitive drum; A developing roller movable in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller so as to be able to be taken;
A coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the driving member, intersecting the developing roller axis with respect to the developing roller A coupling member provided with an engaging portion movable in a direction to move;
The engaging portion is connected to the axis of the developing roller so that the developing roller can move from the developing position to the standby position while maintaining the engagement with the driving member. An urging section for urging in the direction of crossing;
A process cartridge comprising:   15. The process cartridge according to claim 14, further comprising an abutting portion against which the engaging portion urged by the urging portion abuts.   When the developing roller is located at the standby position, the abutting portion has a distance between the axis of the photosensitive drum and the axis of the engaging portion between the axis of the photosensitive drum and the axis of the developing roller. The process cartridge according to claim 15, wherein the process cartridge is disposed so as to be shorter than the distance.   17. The process cartridge according to claim 15, wherein the abutting portion is provided in a bearing portion that rotatably supports the photosensitive drum.   18. The process cartridge according to claim 17, further comprising a positioning portion that is provided in the bearing portion and that positions the photosensitive drum by contacting a body positioning portion of the apparatus main body. The biasing member that biases the developing roller and the photosensitive drum toward each other, and the biasing force of the biasing member so as to maintain the state where the developing roller is separated from the photosensitive drum. A lock portion for locking the position of the developing roller with respect to the photosensitive drum,
19. The process cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the lock portion is configured to be unlocked in accordance with an operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body.   20. The process cartridge according to claim 19, further comprising a force receiving portion that receives, from the apparatus main body, a force for separating the developing roller from the photosensitive drum when the lock portion is unlocked.   21. The process cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the urging portion is an elastic body.   The coupling member is positioned between a fixed-side engaging portion fixed to the developing roller, and the engaging portion and the fixed-side engaging portion between the engaging portion and the fixed-side engaging portion. The process cartridge according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the process cartridge is an Oldham coupling including an intermediate engagement portion that allows movement while maintaining the engagement.   23. The process cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the photosensitive drum and the developing roller are configured to receive a driving force from the apparatus main body independently of each other.   24. The process according to claim 14, further comprising a drum coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the photosensitive drum. cartridge.   The developing roller is integrated as a developing unit together with a developer container containing developer, and the photosensitive drum is integrated as a drum unit together with a charging roller for charging the photosensitive drum and a cleaning member for cleaning the photosensitive drum. 25. The process cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the developing unit is coupled to the drum unit so as to be rotatable with respect to the drum unit.   26. The process cartridge according to claim 14, wherein the process cartridge is configured to be inserted into the apparatus main body along an axial direction of the developing roller. In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium,
(A) a process cartridge detachably attached to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a driving member,
A photosensitive drum;
A developing roller that develops the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum, the developing position being in contact with the photosensitive drum, and a standby position spaced apart from the photosensitive drum; A developing roller movable in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller so as to be able to be taken;
A coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the driving member, and maintaining the engagement with the driving member; A coupling member having an engaging portion that allows the developing roller to move from the developing position to the standby position;
When the developing roller is in a state of being separated from the photosensitive drum, the engaging portion can be engaged with the driving member along with the operation of inserting the process cartridge into the apparatus main body. An urging portion for urging the engaging portion in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller;
A process cartridge having
(B) conveying means for conveying the recording medium;
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising: In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording medium,
(A) a process cartridge detachably attached to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus main body having a driving member,
A photosensitive drum;
A developing roller that develops the electrostatic image formed on the photosensitive drum at a position in contact with the photosensitive drum, the developing position being in contact with the photosensitive drum, and a standby position spaced apart from the photosensitive drum; A developing roller movable in a direction crossing the axis of the developing roller so as to be able to be taken;
A coupling member provided on one end side in the axial direction of the developing roller and capable of receiving a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the driving member, intersecting the developing roller axis with respect to the developing roller A coupling member provided with an engaging portion movable in a direction to move;
The engaging portion is connected to the axis of the developing roller so that the developing roller can move from the developing position to the standby position while maintaining the engagement with the driving member. An urging section for urging in the direction of crossing;
A process cartridge having
(B) conveying means for conveying the recording medium;
An electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising:

Images